Objective:To investigate the impact of combining liraglutide with metformin on the enhancement of pancreatic islet function in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.Methods:60 patients with type 2 d...Objective:To investigate the impact of combining liraglutide with metformin on the enhancement of pancreatic islet function in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.Methods:60 patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease admitted from February 2022 to August 2023 were selected as research subjects.They were randomly assigned to either control or treatment groups,with 30 patients in each.The control group received metformin alone,while the treatment group received liraglutide in combination with metformin.Various indicators,including blood sugar levels,pancreatic islet function,and cardiac function between the two groups were compared.Results:The results of FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,HOMA-IR,NT-proBNP,and LVEDD in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,whereas the values of FINS,HOMA-β,E/A,and LVEF in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of liraglutide in combination with metformin significantly benefits patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.It leads to improved pancreatic islet function,better blood sugar control,and enhanced cardiac function.This combination therapy is recommended for clinical adoption.展开更多
To investigate the effects of rennin angiotensin system blockade on the microvessel density in islets of diabetic rats and its relationship with islet function, diabetes model was created by feeding of high-caloric la...To investigate the effects of rennin angiotensin system blockade on the microvessel density in islets of diabetic rats and its relationship with islet function, diabetes model was created by feeding of high-caloric laboratory chow plus intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). After 8 weeks intervention with perindopril (AE, n=10) or valsartan (AR, n=10), the islet function of the animals was evaluated by intravenous insulin release test (IVIRT). The pancreases were immunohistochemically stained to analyze the content of insulin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the islets. The microvessel density (MVD) of islets was detected by counting CD34 positive cells. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α mRNA expression in the islets was detected by RT-PCR. Compared with normal control group (NC, n=10), the area under the curve for insulin from 0 to 30 min (AUCI0-30) of diabetes group (DM, n=8) was decreased by 66.3%; the insulin relative concentration (IRC) of βcell was decreased significantly; the relative content of VEGF was increased obviously [(–4.21±0.13) vs (–4.06±0.29)]; MVD in islets was decreased by 71.4%; the relative expression of HIF-1α mRNA was increased by 1.19 times (all P<0.01). Compared with DM group, the AUCI0-30 of AE and AR group was increased by 44.6% and 34.9% respectively; IRC was also increased significantly; the relative content of VEGF was decreased by 21.2% and 21.7% respectively; MVD was increased by 62.5% and 75.0% respectively; the relative expression of HIF-1α was decreased by 27.2% and 29.0% respectively (all P<0.01 or P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the said indexes between group AE and AR. It is concluded that the blockade of RAS may ameliorate islets function of diabetic rats by increasing the MVD in islets.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the influence of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene transfer on the viability and function of cultured rat islets in vitro. METHODS: Islets were isolated from the pancreata of Sprague-Dawley rats by intr...AIM: To investigate the influence of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene transfer on the viability and function of cultured rat islets in vitro. METHODS: Islets were isolated from the pancreata of Sprague-Dawley rats by intraductal collagenase diges- tion, and purified by discontinuous Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Purified rat islets were transfected with adenoviral vectors containing human HO-1 gene (Ad- HO-1) or enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (Ad- EGFP), and then cultured for seven days. Transfection was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and Western blot. Islet viability was evaluated by acridine orange/ propidium iodide fluorescent staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was detected using insulin radioimmuno- assay kits and was used to assess the function of islets. Stimulation index (SI) was calculated by dividing the insulin release upon high glucose stimulation by the insulin release upon low glucose stimulation. RESULTS: After seven days culture, the viability of cultured rat islets decreased significantly (92% ± 6% vs 52% ± 13%, P < 0.05), and glucose-stimulated insulin release also decreased significantly (6.47 ± 0.55 mIU/ L/30IEQ vs 4.57 ± 0.40 mIU/L/30IEQ, 14.93 ± 1.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 9.63 ± 0.71 mIU/L/30IEQ, P < 0.05). Transfection of rat islets with adenoviral vectors at an MOI of 20 was efficient, and did not impair islet function. At 7 d post-transfection, the viability of Ad-HO-1 transfected islets was higher than that of control islets(71% ± 15% vs 52% ± 13%, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in insulin release upon low glucose stimulation (2.8 mmol/L) among Ad-HO-1 transfected group, Ad-EGFP transfected group, and control group (P > 0.05), while when stimulated by high glucose (16.7 mmol/L) solution, insulin release in Ad-HO-1 transfected group was significantly higher than that in Ad-EGFP transfected group and control group, respectively (12.50 ± 2.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 8.87 ± 0.65 mIU/L/30IEQ; 12.50 ± 2.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 9.63 ± 0.71 mIU/L/30IEQ, P < 0.05). The SI of Ad-HO-1 transfected group was also significantly higher than that of Ad-EGFP transfected group and control group, respectively (2.21 ± 0.02 vs 2.08 ± 0.05; 2.21 ± 0.02 vs 2.11 ± 0.03, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The viability and function of rat islets decrease over time in in vitro culture, and heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer could improve the viability and function of cultured rat islets.展开更多
Thyroid hormones have a specific effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas.We aimed to investigate the association between euthyroid hormones and islet betacell function in general population and n...Thyroid hormones have a specific effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas.We aimed to investigate the association between euthyroid hormones and islet betacell function in general population and non-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.A total of 5089 euthyroid participants(including 4601 general population and 488 non-treated T2DM patients)were identified from a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of metabolic diseases and risk factors in East China from February 2014 to June 2016.Anthropometric indices,biochemical parameters,and thyroid hormones were measured.Compared with general population,non-treated T2DM patients exhibited higher total thyroxine(TT4)and free thyroxine(FT4)levels but lower ratio of free triiodothyronine(T3):T4(P<0.01).HOMA-βhad prominently negative correlation with FT4 and positive relationship with free T3:T4 in both groups even after adjusting for age,body mass index(BMI)and smoking.When analyzed by quartiles of FT4 or free T3:T4,there were significantly decreased trend of HOMA-β going with the higher FT4 and lower free T3:T4 in both groups.Linear regression analysis showed that FT4 but not FT3 and free T3:T4 was negatively associated with HOMA-β no matter in general population or T2DM patients,which was independent of age,BMI,smoking,hypertension and lipid profiles.FT4 is independently and negatively associated with islet beta-cell function in euthyroid subjects.Thyroid hormone even in reference range could play an important role in the function of pancreatic islets.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the recovery and function of isolated rat pancreatic islets during in vitro culture with small intestinal submucosa (SIS).METHODS: Pancreatic islets were isolated from Wistar rats by standard surgical...AIM: To evaluate the recovery and function of isolated rat pancreatic islets during in vitro culture with small intestinal submucosa (SIS).METHODS: Pancreatic islets were isolated from Wistar rats by standard surgical procurement followed by intraductal collagenase distension, mechanical dissociation and Euroficoll purification. Purified islets were cultured in plates coated with multilayer SIS (SIS-treated group) or without multilayer SIS (standard cultured group) for 7 and 14 d in standard islet culture media of RPMI 1640. After isolation and culture, islets from both experimental groups were stained with dithizone and counted. Recovery of islets was determined by the ratio of counts after the culture to the yield of islets immediately following islet isolation. Viability of islets after the culture was assessed by the glucose challenge test with low (2.7 mmol/L) and high glucose (16.7 mmol/L)solution supplemented with 50 mmol/L 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) solution. Apoptosis of islet cells after the culture was measured by relative quantification of histone-complexed DNA fragments using ELISA.RESULTS: After 7 or 14 d of in vitro tissue culture, the recovery of islets in SIS-treated group was significantly higher than that cultured in plates without SIS coating. The recovery of islets in SIS-treated group was about twice more than that of in the control group. In SIS-treated group, there was no significant difference in the recovery of islets between short- and long-term periods of culture (95.8±1.0% vs 90.8±1.5%, P>0.05). When incubated with high glucose (16.7 mmol/L) solution,insulin secretion in SIS-treated group showed a higher increase than that in control group after 14 d of culture (20.7±1.1 mU/L vs11.8±1.1 mU/L, P<0.05). When islets were placed in high glucose solution containing IBMX,stimulated insulin secretion was higher in SIS-treated group than in control group. Calculated stimulation index of SIS-treated group was about 23 times of control group. In addition, the stimulation index of SIS-treated group remained constant regardless of short- and long-term periods of culture (9.5±0.2 vs 10.2±1.2, P>0.05).Much less apoptosis of islet cells occurred in SIS-treated group than in control group after the culture.CONCLUSION: Co-culture of isolated rat islets with native sheet-like SIS might build an extracellular matrix for islets and provide possible biotrophic and growth factors that promote the recovery and subsequent function of islets.展开更多
Objective To evaluate islet β cell response to intravenous glucagon(a non-glucose secretagogue)stimulation in diabetes mellitus.Methods Nineteen patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D)and 131 patients with type 2 diabetes...Objective To evaluate islet β cell response to intravenous glucagon(a non-glucose secretagogue)stimulation in diabetes mellitus.Methods Nineteen patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D)and 131 patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D)were recruited in this study.T2D patients were divided into two groups according to therapy:36 cases treated with insulin and 95 cases treated with diet or oral therapy.The serum C-peptide levels were determined at fasting and six minutes after intravenous injection of 1 mg of glucagon.Results Both fasting and 6-minute post-glucagon-stimulated C-peptide levels in T1D patients were significantly lower than those of T2D patients(0.76±0.36 ng/mL vs.1.81±0.78 ng/mL,P<0.05;0.88±0.42 ng/mL vs.3.68±0.98 ng/mL,P<0.05).In T1D patients,the C-peptide level after injection of glucagon was similar to the fasting level.In T2D,patients treated with diet or oral drug had a significantly greater fasting and stimulated C-peptide level than those patients received insulin therapy(2.45±0.93 ng/mL vs.1.61±0.68 ng/mL,P<0.05;5.26±1.24 ng/mL vs.2.15±0.76 ng/mL,P<0.05).The serum C-peptide level after glucagon stimulation was positively correlated with C-peptide levels at fasting in all three groups(r=0.76,P<0.05).Conclusions The 6-minute glucagon test is valuable in assessing the function of islet β cell in patients with diabetes mellitus.It is helpful for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To review the current progress of islet cell transplantation in patients withinsulin-dependent diabetes, emphasizing on the difficulties with recovering and preserving islet cellmass and function, 30% of wh...OBJECTIVE: To review the current progress of islet cell transplantation in patients withinsulin-dependent diabetes, emphasizing on the difficulties with recovering and preserving islet cellmass and function, 30% of which is lost during the peri-transplantation period.RESULTS: The islet-cell isolation technique is perfected, but improvements are still progressing in twomajor directions: preservation of islet cells and tolerance induction. Optimum islet cell viability andfunction depends on appropriate revascularization of the islet graft and blockade of thrombus formation aswell as cytokine and free radical release. Conditioning the islet cells in-vitro prior to transplantation toeither upregulate VEGF expression or downregulate NF-kappa B transcription factor has proven to improverevascularization and to prevent islet cell apoptosis and cytokine-mediated damage. Tolerance induction iscurrently being best achieved by selecting and combining immunosuppressive agents such as monoclonalantibodies which target the major signaling molecules during immune activation, but which are least toxicto islet cells.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes will greatly benefit from current developmentsin effective approaches to protect islets during the peritransplant period. Emerging interest in stem cellbiology and differentiation may provide the ultimate solution to the problem of organ scarcity and isletcell protection from the peritransplant induced damage.展开更多
目的探讨甘精胰岛素U300联合口服降糖药治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果。方法选择2021年10月—2023年1月广东省吴川市人民医院收治的79例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为非甘精组(39例)和U300组(40例)。非甘精组口服降糖药物治疗,在此之上,U300组增加...目的探讨甘精胰岛素U300联合口服降糖药治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果。方法选择2021年10月—2023年1月广东省吴川市人民医院收治的79例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为非甘精组(39例)和U300组(40例)。非甘精组口服降糖药物治疗,在此之上,U300组增加甘精胰岛素U300治疗,持续治疗3个月,对比2组血糖及相关指标变化,并监测患者胰岛素功能相关指标改善情况,评估低血糖反应等不良反应情况。结果治疗后,U300组血糖指标、血糖波动指标均显著低于非甘精组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。U300组治疗后胰岛素功能指标均显著优于非甘精组,空腹及餐后2 h C肽均显著高于非甘精组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。U300组低血糖反应发生率(2.50%,1/40)和不良反应总发生率(20.00%,8/40)与非甘精组(2.56,1/39;17.95%,7/39)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论增加甘精胰岛素U300治疗,可更好地提升患者血糖管理效果,并可改善胰岛功能,有利于稳定控制血糖,有助于提高患者病情控制效果,应用效果安全可靠。展开更多
目的:探究有氧运动联合抗阻运动对妊娠期糖尿病患者胰岛细胞功能及糖脂代谢的影响。方法:将2021年5月—2023年6月松滋市人民医院的100例妊娠期糖尿病患者依据随机数字表法分为对照组50例和观察组50例。对照组进行常规妊娠期糖尿病干预,...目的:探究有氧运动联合抗阻运动对妊娠期糖尿病患者胰岛细胞功能及糖脂代谢的影响。方法:将2021年5月—2023年6月松滋市人民医院的100例妊娠期糖尿病患者依据随机数字表法分为对照组50例和观察组50例。对照组进行常规妊娠期糖尿病干预,观察组则在对照组的基础上加用有氧运动联合抗阻运动。比较两组的干预总有效率、干预前后的胰岛细胞功能[稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及稳态模型评估β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)]、糖代谢指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]及脂代谢指标[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)]。结果:观察组的干预总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前两组的胰岛细胞功能、糖代谢指标及脂代谢指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预4、8周后,两组的HOMA-β均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,两组的HOMA-IR、糖代谢指标及脂代谢指标均低于干预前,且观察组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:有氧运动联合抗阻运动在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果较好,且可显著改善患者的胰岛细胞功能及糖脂代谢状态。展开更多
目的刍议2型糖尿病治疗中度拉糖肽使用的有效性与安全性。方法随机选取2021年2月—2023年2月莱州市人民医院内分泌科收治的80例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,遵循随机双盲法分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用二甲双胍治疗,观察组采用...目的刍议2型糖尿病治疗中度拉糖肽使用的有效性与安全性。方法随机选取2021年2月—2023年2月莱州市人民医院内分泌科收治的80例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,遵循随机双盲法分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用二甲双胍治疗,观察组采用二甲双胍联合度拉糖肽治疗。比较两组治疗有效性与安全性相关指标。结果治疗后,两组血糖指标均明显降低,且观察组空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose,FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2-hour Postprandial Blood Glucose,2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(Glycated Hemoglobin,HbA1c)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗后,两组稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance,HOMA-IR)、稳态模型胰岛β细胞分泌指数(Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulinofβ-cell,HOMA-β)均得到改善,且观察组HOMA-IR更低、HOMA-β更高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。对于,观察组不良反应发生率为10.00%与对照组的15.00%比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.457,P>0.05)。结论2型糖尿病治疗中度拉糖肽的使用有利于更好地调控患者的血糖水平与胰岛功能,且不会增加不良反应,可以为患者预后质量与安全性提供保障。展开更多
文摘Objective:To investigate the impact of combining liraglutide with metformin on the enhancement of pancreatic islet function in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.Methods:60 patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease admitted from February 2022 to August 2023 were selected as research subjects.They were randomly assigned to either control or treatment groups,with 30 patients in each.The control group received metformin alone,while the treatment group received liraglutide in combination with metformin.Various indicators,including blood sugar levels,pancreatic islet function,and cardiac function between the two groups were compared.Results:The results of FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,HOMA-IR,NT-proBNP,and LVEDD in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,whereas the values of FINS,HOMA-β,E/A,and LVEF in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of liraglutide in combination with metformin significantly benefits patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.It leads to improved pancreatic islet function,better blood sugar control,and enhanced cardiac function.This combination therapy is recommended for clinical adoption.
基金supported by a grant from the Provincial Natural Sciences Foundation of Hubei, China (No 2005ABA158)
文摘To investigate the effects of rennin angiotensin system blockade on the microvessel density in islets of diabetic rats and its relationship with islet function, diabetes model was created by feeding of high-caloric laboratory chow plus intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). After 8 weeks intervention with perindopril (AE, n=10) or valsartan (AR, n=10), the islet function of the animals was evaluated by intravenous insulin release test (IVIRT). The pancreases were immunohistochemically stained to analyze the content of insulin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the islets. The microvessel density (MVD) of islets was detected by counting CD34 positive cells. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α mRNA expression in the islets was detected by RT-PCR. Compared with normal control group (NC, n=10), the area under the curve for insulin from 0 to 30 min (AUCI0-30) of diabetes group (DM, n=8) was decreased by 66.3%; the insulin relative concentration (IRC) of βcell was decreased significantly; the relative content of VEGF was increased obviously [(–4.21±0.13) vs (–4.06±0.29)]; MVD in islets was decreased by 71.4%; the relative expression of HIF-1α mRNA was increased by 1.19 times (all P<0.01). Compared with DM group, the AUCI0-30 of AE and AR group was increased by 44.6% and 34.9% respectively; IRC was also increased significantly; the relative content of VEGF was decreased by 21.2% and 21.7% respectively; MVD was increased by 62.5% and 75.0% respectively; the relative expression of HIF-1α was decreased by 27.2% and 29.0% respectively (all P<0.01 or P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the said indexes between group AE and AR. It is concluded that the blockade of RAS may ameliorate islets function of diabetic rats by increasing the MVD in islets.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30571759Social Development Foundation of Shanghai, No. 200253
文摘AIM: To investigate the influence of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene transfer on the viability and function of cultured rat islets in vitro. METHODS: Islets were isolated from the pancreata of Sprague-Dawley rats by intraductal collagenase diges- tion, and purified by discontinuous Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Purified rat islets were transfected with adenoviral vectors containing human HO-1 gene (Ad- HO-1) or enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (Ad- EGFP), and then cultured for seven days. Transfection was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and Western blot. Islet viability was evaluated by acridine orange/ propidium iodide fluorescent staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was detected using insulin radioimmuno- assay kits and was used to assess the function of islets. Stimulation index (SI) was calculated by dividing the insulin release upon high glucose stimulation by the insulin release upon low glucose stimulation. RESULTS: After seven days culture, the viability of cultured rat islets decreased significantly (92% ± 6% vs 52% ± 13%, P < 0.05), and glucose-stimulated insulin release also decreased significantly (6.47 ± 0.55 mIU/ L/30IEQ vs 4.57 ± 0.40 mIU/L/30IEQ, 14.93 ± 1.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 9.63 ± 0.71 mIU/L/30IEQ, P < 0.05). Transfection of rat islets with adenoviral vectors at an MOI of 20 was efficient, and did not impair islet function. At 7 d post-transfection, the viability of Ad-HO-1 transfected islets was higher than that of control islets(71% ± 15% vs 52% ± 13%, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in insulin release upon low glucose stimulation (2.8 mmol/L) among Ad-HO-1 transfected group, Ad-EGFP transfected group, and control group (P > 0.05), while when stimulated by high glucose (16.7 mmol/L) solution, insulin release in Ad-HO-1 transfected group was significantly higher than that in Ad-EGFP transfected group and control group, respectively (12.50 ± 2.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 8.87 ± 0.65 mIU/L/30IEQ; 12.50 ± 2.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 9.63 ± 0.71 mIU/L/30IEQ, P < 0.05). The SI of Ad-HO-1 transfected group was also significantly higher than that of Ad-EGFP transfected group and control group, respectively (2.21 ± 0.02 vs 2.08 ± 0.05; 2.21 ± 0.02 vs 2.11 ± 0.03, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The viability and function of rat islets decrease over time in in vitro culture, and heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer could improve the viability and function of cultured rat islets.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81270885,No.81570726 and No.81600609)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(2014)+4 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology in China(No.2012CB524906)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.14495810700 and No.16410723200)Three-year Action Plan for Public Health System Construction in Shanghai by Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(2015-2017)Clinical Potential Subject Construction of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(2014),Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau of China(No.20124262)Seed Founding of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.JYZZ032).
文摘Thyroid hormones have a specific effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas.We aimed to investigate the association between euthyroid hormones and islet betacell function in general population and non-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.A total of 5089 euthyroid participants(including 4601 general population and 488 non-treated T2DM patients)were identified from a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of metabolic diseases and risk factors in East China from February 2014 to June 2016.Anthropometric indices,biochemical parameters,and thyroid hormones were measured.Compared with general population,non-treated T2DM patients exhibited higher total thyroxine(TT4)and free thyroxine(FT4)levels but lower ratio of free triiodothyronine(T3):T4(P<0.01).HOMA-βhad prominently negative correlation with FT4 and positive relationship with free T3:T4 in both groups even after adjusting for age,body mass index(BMI)and smoking.When analyzed by quartiles of FT4 or free T3:T4,there were significantly decreased trend of HOMA-β going with the higher FT4 and lower free T3:T4 in both groups.Linear regression analysis showed that FT4 but not FT3 and free T3:T4 was negatively associated with HOMA-β no matter in general population or T2DM patients,which was independent of age,BMI,smoking,hypertension and lipid profiles.FT4 is independently and negatively associated with islet beta-cell function in euthyroid subjects.Thyroid hormone even in reference range could play an important role in the function of pancreatic islets.
基金Supported by the Key Program of Science and Technique of Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.104169
文摘AIM: To evaluate the recovery and function of isolated rat pancreatic islets during in vitro culture with small intestinal submucosa (SIS).METHODS: Pancreatic islets were isolated from Wistar rats by standard surgical procurement followed by intraductal collagenase distension, mechanical dissociation and Euroficoll purification. Purified islets were cultured in plates coated with multilayer SIS (SIS-treated group) or without multilayer SIS (standard cultured group) for 7 and 14 d in standard islet culture media of RPMI 1640. After isolation and culture, islets from both experimental groups were stained with dithizone and counted. Recovery of islets was determined by the ratio of counts after the culture to the yield of islets immediately following islet isolation. Viability of islets after the culture was assessed by the glucose challenge test with low (2.7 mmol/L) and high glucose (16.7 mmol/L)solution supplemented with 50 mmol/L 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) solution. Apoptosis of islet cells after the culture was measured by relative quantification of histone-complexed DNA fragments using ELISA.RESULTS: After 7 or 14 d of in vitro tissue culture, the recovery of islets in SIS-treated group was significantly higher than that cultured in plates without SIS coating. The recovery of islets in SIS-treated group was about twice more than that of in the control group. In SIS-treated group, there was no significant difference in the recovery of islets between short- and long-term periods of culture (95.8±1.0% vs 90.8±1.5%, P>0.05). When incubated with high glucose (16.7 mmol/L) solution,insulin secretion in SIS-treated group showed a higher increase than that in control group after 14 d of culture (20.7±1.1 mU/L vs11.8±1.1 mU/L, P<0.05). When islets were placed in high glucose solution containing IBMX,stimulated insulin secretion was higher in SIS-treated group than in control group. Calculated stimulation index of SIS-treated group was about 23 times of control group. In addition, the stimulation index of SIS-treated group remained constant regardless of short- and long-term periods of culture (9.5±0.2 vs 10.2±1.2, P>0.05).Much less apoptosis of islet cells occurred in SIS-treated group than in control group after the culture.CONCLUSION: Co-culture of isolated rat islets with native sheet-like SIS might build an extracellular matrix for islets and provide possible biotrophic and growth factors that promote the recovery and subsequent function of islets.
文摘Objective To evaluate islet β cell response to intravenous glucagon(a non-glucose secretagogue)stimulation in diabetes mellitus.Methods Nineteen patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D)and 131 patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D)were recruited in this study.T2D patients were divided into two groups according to therapy:36 cases treated with insulin and 95 cases treated with diet or oral therapy.The serum C-peptide levels were determined at fasting and six minutes after intravenous injection of 1 mg of glucagon.Results Both fasting and 6-minute post-glucagon-stimulated C-peptide levels in T1D patients were significantly lower than those of T2D patients(0.76±0.36 ng/mL vs.1.81±0.78 ng/mL,P<0.05;0.88±0.42 ng/mL vs.3.68±0.98 ng/mL,P<0.05).In T1D patients,the C-peptide level after injection of glucagon was similar to the fasting level.In T2D,patients treated with diet or oral drug had a significantly greater fasting and stimulated C-peptide level than those patients received insulin therapy(2.45±0.93 ng/mL vs.1.61±0.68 ng/mL,P<0.05;5.26±1.24 ng/mL vs.2.15±0.76 ng/mL,P<0.05).The serum C-peptide level after glucagon stimulation was positively correlated with C-peptide levels at fasting in all three groups(r=0.76,P<0.05).Conclusions The 6-minute glucagon test is valuable in assessing the function of islet β cell in patients with diabetes mellitus.It is helpful for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To review the current progress of islet cell transplantation in patients withinsulin-dependent diabetes, emphasizing on the difficulties with recovering and preserving islet cellmass and function, 30% of which is lost during the peri-transplantation period.RESULTS: The islet-cell isolation technique is perfected, but improvements are still progressing in twomajor directions: preservation of islet cells and tolerance induction. Optimum islet cell viability andfunction depends on appropriate revascularization of the islet graft and blockade of thrombus formation aswell as cytokine and free radical release. Conditioning the islet cells in-vitro prior to transplantation toeither upregulate VEGF expression or downregulate NF-kappa B transcription factor has proven to improverevascularization and to prevent islet cell apoptosis and cytokine-mediated damage. Tolerance induction iscurrently being best achieved by selecting and combining immunosuppressive agents such as monoclonalantibodies which target the major signaling molecules during immune activation, but which are least toxicto islet cells.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes will greatly benefit from current developmentsin effective approaches to protect islets during the peritransplant period. Emerging interest in stem cellbiology and differentiation may provide the ultimate solution to the problem of organ scarcity and isletcell protection from the peritransplant induced damage.
文摘目的探讨甘精胰岛素U300联合口服降糖药治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果。方法选择2021年10月—2023年1月广东省吴川市人民医院收治的79例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为非甘精组(39例)和U300组(40例)。非甘精组口服降糖药物治疗,在此之上,U300组增加甘精胰岛素U300治疗,持续治疗3个月,对比2组血糖及相关指标变化,并监测患者胰岛素功能相关指标改善情况,评估低血糖反应等不良反应情况。结果治疗后,U300组血糖指标、血糖波动指标均显著低于非甘精组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。U300组治疗后胰岛素功能指标均显著优于非甘精组,空腹及餐后2 h C肽均显著高于非甘精组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。U300组低血糖反应发生率(2.50%,1/40)和不良反应总发生率(20.00%,8/40)与非甘精组(2.56,1/39;17.95%,7/39)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论增加甘精胰岛素U300治疗,可更好地提升患者血糖管理效果,并可改善胰岛功能,有利于稳定控制血糖,有助于提高患者病情控制效果,应用效果安全可靠。
文摘目的:探究有氧运动联合抗阻运动对妊娠期糖尿病患者胰岛细胞功能及糖脂代谢的影响。方法:将2021年5月—2023年6月松滋市人民医院的100例妊娠期糖尿病患者依据随机数字表法分为对照组50例和观察组50例。对照组进行常规妊娠期糖尿病干预,观察组则在对照组的基础上加用有氧运动联合抗阻运动。比较两组的干预总有效率、干预前后的胰岛细胞功能[稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及稳态模型评估β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)]、糖代谢指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]及脂代谢指标[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)]。结果:观察组的干预总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前两组的胰岛细胞功能、糖代谢指标及脂代谢指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预4、8周后,两组的HOMA-β均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,两组的HOMA-IR、糖代谢指标及脂代谢指标均低于干预前,且观察组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:有氧运动联合抗阻运动在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果较好,且可显著改善患者的胰岛细胞功能及糖脂代谢状态。
文摘目的刍议2型糖尿病治疗中度拉糖肽使用的有效性与安全性。方法随机选取2021年2月—2023年2月莱州市人民医院内分泌科收治的80例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,遵循随机双盲法分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用二甲双胍治疗,观察组采用二甲双胍联合度拉糖肽治疗。比较两组治疗有效性与安全性相关指标。结果治疗后,两组血糖指标均明显降低,且观察组空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose,FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2-hour Postprandial Blood Glucose,2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(Glycated Hemoglobin,HbA1c)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗后,两组稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance,HOMA-IR)、稳态模型胰岛β细胞分泌指数(Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulinofβ-cell,HOMA-β)均得到改善,且观察组HOMA-IR更低、HOMA-β更高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。对于,观察组不良反应发生率为10.00%与对照组的15.00%比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.457,P>0.05)。结论2型糖尿病治疗中度拉糖肽的使用有利于更好地调控患者的血糖水平与胰岛功能,且不会增加不良反应,可以为患者预后质量与安全性提供保障。
