Lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation are closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases,or neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders....Lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation are closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases,or neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders.Mitochondrial dysfunction,lipofuscin accumulation,autophagy disruption,and ferroptosis have been implicated as the critical pathomechanisms of lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in these disorders.Currently,the connection between lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation and the initial cause or consequence in neurodegeneration processes is unclear.In this review,we have compiled the known mechanisms by which lipid peroxidation triggers iron accumulation and lipofuscin formation,and the effect of iron overload on lipid peroxidation and cellular function.The vicious cycle established between both pathological alterations may lead to the development of neurodegeneration.Therefore,the investigation of these mechanisms is essential for exploring therapeutic strategies to restrict neurodegeneration.In addition,we discuss the interplay between lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in neurodegeneration,particularly in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration,a rare neurodegenerative disease with autosomal recessive inheritance,which belongs to the group of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders.展开更多
This study aimed to analyze the effect of lipid peroxidation on the allergenicity and functional properties of soybeanβ-conglycinin(7 S)and glycinin(11 S).Oxidation complexes were determined using the lipid peroxidat...This study aimed to analyze the effect of lipid peroxidation on the allergenicity and functional properties of soybeanβ-conglycinin(7 S)and glycinin(11 S).Oxidation complexes were determined using the lipid peroxidation method.Functional properties were analyzed based on emulsifying and foaming properties.The potential allergenicity was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods.The results found that oxidation altered structures of the proteins and resulted in the formation of cross-linked protein polymers.The emulsion and foaming properties of the proteins were improved after oxidation.The IgE-binding capacity of 7 S and11 S reduced after oxidation.KU812 cell assays showed that both histamine and IL-4 release decreased after oxidation treatment.A mouse model showed that oxidation reduced the IgE,IgG,and IgG1 levels,as well as reduced histamine and mMCP-1 release in serum,which might suppress the allergic reaction.In conclusion,the lipid peroxidation treatment likely causes changes to the functional properties of soybean,decreasing the potential allergenicity of 7 S and 11 S.展开更多
Heavy metals have harmful effects on human health,and exposure to these metals has been increased by industrial and anthropogenic activities and modern industrialization.Heavy metals content of the liver tissues was d...Heavy metals have harmful effects on human health,and exposure to these metals has been increased by industrial and anthropogenic activities and modern industrialization.Heavy metals content of the liver tissues was determine d using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method,while lipid peroxidation was carried out.Heavy metals analyzed include;lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),zinc(Zn),Arsenic(As),and Mercury(Hg).The findings revealed that the heavy metal Zinc(Zn)has high concentrations in the muscles of the fish species,the concentration of this heavy metal Zinc is high in River Gindin Dorowa th a n in River Ibi and River Donga shows less concentration of this heavy metal though it’s above WHO permissible limits.Results revealed that only Zn and Cd were present in the muscle from the three rivers.Pb was found only in the liver from Gindin-Dorowa at the concentration of 0.017 mg/kg,which is not significant(P<0.05)when compared with other locations,while Hg and As were absent in all the muscle samples.The highest concentration of Zn was found in the muscle sample from Gindin-Dorowa(7.450 mg/kg)followed by Ibi(6.16 mg/kg)and the least being Donga(4.365 mg/kg)which are significantly(P<0.05)different from one another.However,there was no significant(P<0.05)difference among the Cd composition of muscle from Gindin-Dorowa(0.025 mg/kg),Donga(0.024 mg/kg)and Ibi(0.015 mg/kg),respectively.The TBA was found in the hepatic tissue sample from Gidin-Dorowa,which has the highest Zn,Cd and no Pb content,followed by Ibi and then the Donga sample.This suggests that there is a positive relationship between heavy metals and the effect of TBA on the hepatic tissues,justifying the fact that heavy metals affect the hepatic tissues of fish,while on the cerebral tissue.In conclusion,it revealed that there is a negative relation between heavy metals and the effect of TBA on the cerebral tissues to protect or save aquatic habitat s of fish quality and aquatic life.展开更多
Dietary omega-3 (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recommended by public health organizations to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and several epidemiological studies have suggested there is an in...Dietary omega-3 (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recommended by public health organizations to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and several epidemiological studies have suggested there is an inverse association between n - 3 intake and human cancers. However, n - 3 are susceptible to an increase in lipid peroxidation in the human body. As part of a crossover dietary intervention study of a diet (20% of energy from fat) with or without an additional 3% of energy from a mixture of n - 3 (with 5.36 g α-linolenic acid and 1.45 g eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid per 2000 kcal per day), we measured total in vivo lipid peroxidation in healthy postmenopausal women (n = 15). Our results indicated that the diet with 3% of energy from n - 3 significantly increased the urinary concentrations of total polar lipophilic aldehydes and related compounds produced via lipid peroxidation (p α, β-unsaturated hydroxy aldehydes 4-hydroxy-2-trans - hexenal (p trans -decenal (p < 0.05) compared to the diet with less than 1% of energy from n - 3. This is also the first study to document the presence of 4-hydroxy-2-trans -decenal in the urine of individuals consuming n - 3. These results demonstrate that an increase in 3% of energy from dietary n – 3 increases in vivo lipid peroxidation.展开更多
Lipoxidation is formed during the oxidation of lipids and specific proteins,causing an alteration in proteins function.Although this occurs under physiological conditions,in many cases,it has been associated with path...Lipoxidation is formed during the oxidation of lipids and specific proteins,causing an alteration in proteins function.Although this occurs under physiological conditions,in many cases,it has been associated with pathological processes,including cancer.Oxidative DNA damage is a significant contributor to cancer development,and lipoxidation products such as malondialdehyde(MDA)and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(4-HNE)play a role in the induction of mutations responsible for DNA modifications.Elevations of reactive aldehydes can be seen in patients with metastatic disease in comparison to those without metastatic disease.Lipoxidation adducts can modify the immune response,consequently causing either positive or negative alterations in cancer progression.When reactive aldehydes are added to tumor cells,they exert similar effects to chemotherapeutic drugs by forming DNA adducts and consequently steer the tumor cells toward apoptosis.This article highlights the role of botanical compounds in lipid metabolism,lipid peroxidation,and cell cycle arrest and discusses the potential role they may have in oncology treatments.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Meth...Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Methods:Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration of ethanol(20%w/v) at a dosage of 5 niL/kg bw in rats.After 28 days of treatment,the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed by cervical dislocation.Blood was collected with a 2 mL syringe by cardiac puncture and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min.The plasma was analyzed to evaluate malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) concentrations.Results:Administration of alcohol caused a drastic increase(87.74%) in MDA level compared with the control.Pineapple peel extract significantly reduced the MDA level by 60.16%at 2.S mL/kg bw.Rats fed alcohol only had the highest catalase activity,treatment with pineapple peel extract at 2.5 mL/kg bw however, reduced the activity.Increased AST,ALP and ALT activities were observed in rats fed alcohol only respectively,treatment with pineapple peel extract drastically reduced their activities. Conclusions:The positive modulation of lipid peroxidation,catalase activities as well as hepatic biomarker levels of blood plasma by the methanolic extract of pineapple peels under alcoholinduced oxidative stress is an indication of its protective ability in the management of alcoholinduced toxicity.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antioxidant enicacy of a biologically active dilerpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides(M.glyptostroboides)in various antioxidant models.Methods:An abietane typ...Objective:To investigate the antioxidant enicacy of a biologically active dilerpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides(M.glyptostroboides)in various antioxidant models.Methods:An abietane type diterpenoid sugiol,isolated from ethyl acetate extract of M.glyptostroboides cones,was analyzed for its antioxidant efficacy as reducing power ability and lipid peroxidation inhibition as well as its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.Results:The sugiol showed significant and concentration-dependent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.Consequently,the sugiol exerted lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect by 76.3%as compared to a-tocopherol(80.13%)and butylaled hydroxyanisole(76.59%).In addition,the sugiol had significant scavenging activities of l,l-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner by 78.83%,72.42%,72.99%and 85.04%,when compared to the standard compound ascorbic acid(81.69%,74.62%,73.00%and 73.79%)and a-tocopherol/butylated hydroxyanisole(84.09%,78.61%,74.45%and 70.02%),respectively.Conclusions:These findings justify the biological and traditional uses of M.glyptostroboides or its secondary metabolites as confirmed by its promising antioxidant efficacy.展开更多
Objective:To investigate and compare the inhibitor)'properties)of free and bound phenolic extracts of clove bud against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes(alpha-amylase&alphaglucosidase)and Fe^(2+)-induced lipid...Objective:To investigate and compare the inhibitor)'properties)of free and bound phenolic extracts of clove bud against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes(alpha-amylase&alphaglucosidase)and Fe^(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro.Methods:The free phenolics were extracted with 80%.(v/v)acetone,while bound phenolics were extracted from the alkaline and acid hydrolyzed residue with ethyl acetate.Then,the interaction of the extracts with alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase was subsequently assessed.Thereafter,the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined.Results:The result revealed that both extracts inhibited alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase in a dose-dependent manner.However,the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the extracts were significantly(P<0.05)higher than their alpha-amylase inhibitory activity.The free phenolics(31.67 mg/g)and flavonoid(17.28 mg/g)contents were significantly(P<0.05)higher than bound phenolic(23.52 mg/g)and flavonoid(13.70 mg/g)contents.Both extracts also exhibited high antioxidant activities as typified by their high reducing power,LI diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonate(ABTS)radical scavenging abilities,as well as inhibition of Fe^(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro.Conclusions:This study provides a biochemical rationale by which clove elicits therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes.展开更多
Background: Meat color and lipid peroxidation are important traits related to meat quality. CO_2 concentration is a critical factor that can affect meat quality in the commercial use of gas stunning(GS). However, the ...Background: Meat color and lipid peroxidation are important traits related to meat quality. CO_2 concentration is a critical factor that can affect meat quality in the commercial use of gas stunning(GS). However, the effect and mechanism of CO_2 stunning on meat color and lipid peroxidation during long-term storage remain poorly studied. We aimed to study the effects of GS methods, especial y CO_2 concentration, on meat color and meat lipid peroxidation in broilers during long-term storage at 4 °C and to explore the potential mechanism of meat color change via lipid peroxidation and the inner lipid peroxide scavenging system.Methods: Eighteen broilers were sacrificed after exposure to one of the following gas mixtures for 90 s: 40% CO_2+21% O_2+ 39% N2(G40%), 79% CO_2+ 21% O_2(G79%), or no stunning(0% CO_2, control). Meat color, serum variables,enzyme activities, and the gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), nuclear factor-erythroid2-related factor 2(Nrf2), glutathione S-transferase(GST) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were determined.(Continued on next page)Results: The concentrations of serum triiodothyronine(T3, P = 0.03) and the ratio of serum free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine(FT3/FT4, P < 0.01) were decreased, whereas levels of serum cortisol(P < 0.01) were increased in the 40%CO_2 group compared with the control group. Additionally, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS)3 d(P < 0.01) and TBARS6 d(P = 0.01) in breast meat and the TBARS3 din thigh meat(P < 0.01) were increased in the40% CO_2 group compared with the control group. Serum T3 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 dboth in the breast and thigh meat(r =-0.63, P < 0.01 and r =-0.47, P = 0.05 respectively). T3/T4 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 din the breast meat and in the thigh meat(r =-0.57, P = 0.01; and r =-0.53, P = 0.03 respectively). Compared with the control group, Lightness(L*)1 d(P = 0.03) and L*9 d(P < 0.01) were increased, whereas total chromatic aberration(E*)1 d(P = 0.05) and E*3 d(P < 0.01) were decreased in the breast meat of both the G40% and G79% groups. The values of yel owness(b*)3 d(P = 0.01), b*6 d(P < 0.01) and E*6 d(P < 0.01) in the thigh meat were lower in both the G40% and G79% groups than in the control group. In the breast muscle, the m RNA levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2(JNK2, P = 0.03),GSTT1(P = 0.04), and SOD1(P = 0.05) were decreased, and the m RNA levels of JNK1(P = 0.07), Nrf2(P = 0.09), and GSTA3(P = 0.06) were slightly lower in both the G40% and G79% groups compared with the control group. However, among these genes, only the m RNA level of JNK1 was decreased in the G40% group compared with the control group and the G79% group(P = 0.03) in the thigh muscle.Conclusions: Compared with the control group, meat color quality in the breast meat was decreased, and the expression of genes in the MAPK/Nrf2/ARE(antioxidant responsive element) antioxidant pathway in breast muscle was partly suppressed by GS of both 40% and 79% CO_2. However, oxidative stress and meat lipid peroxidation during storage were aggravated by GS with 40% CO_2 compared to GS with 79% CO_2 and no GS.展开更多
Objective:To study the antioxidant efficacy of Commiphora mukul(C.mukul) gum resin ethanolic extract in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods:The male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four gro...Objective:To study the antioxidant efficacy of Commiphora mukul(C.mukul) gum resin ethanolic extract in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods:The male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals each:Control group(C),CM-treated control group(C_+CMEE),Diabetic control group(D),CM- treated diabetic group(D_+CMEE).Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ(55 mg/kg/ bwt).After being confirmed the diabetic rats were treated with C.mukul gum resin ethanolic extract(CMEE) for 60 days.The biochemical estimations like antioxidant,oxidative stress marker enzymes and hepatic marker enzymes of tissues were performed.Results:The diabetic rats showed increased level of enzymatic activities aspartate aminotransaminase(AST),alanine aminotransaminase(ALT) in liver and kidney and oxidative markers like lipid peroxidation(LPO) and protein oxidation(PO) in pancreas and heart. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly decreased in the pancreas and heart compared to control group.Administration of CMEE(200 mg/kg bw) to diabetic rats for 60 days significantly reversed the above parameters towards normalcy.Conclusions:In conclusion,our data indicate the preventive role of C.mukul against STZ-induced diabetic oxidative stress;hence this plant could be used as an adjuvant therapy for the prevention and/or management of diabetes and aggravated antioxidant status.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of boswellic acid against monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in mice.Methods:The mice were divided into four experimental groups.GroupⅠserved as control;mice in groupⅡwe...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of boswellic acid against monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in mice.Methods:The mice were divided into four experimental groups.GroupⅠserved as control;mice in groupⅡwere injected with monosodium urate crystal;groupⅢconsisted of monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with boswellic acid(30mg/kg/b.w.);groupⅣcomprised monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with indomethacin(3mg/kg/b.w.).Paw volume and levels/activities of lysosomal enzymes,lipid peroxidation,anti-oxidant status and inflammatory mediator TNF-αwere determined in control and monosodium urate crystal-induced mice.In addition,the levels ofβ-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase were also measured in monosodium urate crystal-incubated polymorphonuclear leucocytes(PMNL)in vitro.Results:The activities of lysosomal enzymes,lipid peroxidation,and tumour necrosis factor-αlevels and paw volume were increased significantly in monosodium urate crystal-induced mice,whereas the activities of antioxidant status were in turn decreased.However,these changes were modulated to near normal levels upon boswellic acid administration.In vitro,boswellic acid reduced the level ofβ-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase in monosodium urate crystal-incubated PMNL in concentration dependent manner when compared with control cells.Conclusions:The results obtained in this study further strengthen the anti-inflammatory/antiarthritic effect of boswellic acid,which was already well established by several investigators.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate and compare antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts of unripe plantain(Musa paradisiaca),assess their inhibitory action on sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas i...Objective:To evaluate and compare antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts of unripe plantain(Musa paradisiaca),assess their inhibitory action on sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro and to cliaracterize the main phenolic constituents of the plantain products using gas chromatography analysis.Methods:Aqueous extracts of plantain products(raw,elastic pastry,roasted and boiled)(lour ol 0.1 g/mL(each)were used to determine their total phenol,total flavonoid,1,1 diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and hydroxyl(OH)radical scavenging ability.The inhibitory effect of the extracts on sodium nitropmsside induced lipid peroxidation was also determined.Results:The results revealed that all the aqueous extracts showed antioxidant activity.The boiled Hour had highest DPPH and OH radical scavenging ability while raw Hour had the highest Fe^(2+)chelating ability,sodium nilroprusside inhibitor)effect and vitamin C content.The antioxidant results showed that elastic pastry had the highest total phenol and total flavonoid content.Characterization of the unripe plantain products for polyphenol contents using gas chromatography showed varied quantity of apigenin,myricetin.luteolin,capsaicin,isorhaemnetin.caffeic acid,kampferol,quercetin,p-hydroxybenzoic acid,shogaol,glycitein and gingerol per product on the spectra.Conclusions:Considering the antioxidant activities and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation of unripe plantain,this could justify their traditional use in the management/prevention of diseases related to stress.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of liver mitochondria against injuries in mice with liverdamage by picroside Ⅱ.METHODS: Three animal models of liver damageinduced by carbon tetrachlorid...AIM: To investigate the anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of liver mitochondria against injuries in mice with liverdamage by picroside Ⅱ.METHODS: Three animal models of liver damageinduced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4:0.1 mL/10 g, ip),D-galactosamine (D-GalN: 500 mg/kg,ip) and acetaminophen (AP: 0.15 g/kg, ip) were respectively treated with various concentrations of picroside Ⅱ (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, ig). Then we chose the continuously monitoring method (recommended by International Clinical Chemistry League) to analyze serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values, Marland method to detect the activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver mitochondria, TBA colorimetry to determine the content of malonicdialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue, DTNB method to evaluate the activity of glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px) and Lowry method to detect protein level in liver tissue. Meanwhile, effects of picroside Ⅱ on the activity of ATPase and swelling extent of mitochondria in hepatocytes damaged by AP were also evaluated.RESULTS: Picroside Ⅱ could significantly prevent liver toxicity in the three models of liver damage. It decreased the high levels of ALT and AST in serum induced by theadministration of CCl4, D-GalN and AP, reduced the cellular damage of liver markedly, and appeared to be even more potent than the positive control drug of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate pilules (DDB). In groups treated with different doses of picroside Ⅱ, compared to the model group, the content of MDA in serum decreased evidently, whereas the content of SOD and GSH-Px increased in a dosedependent manner, and the difference was statistically significant. Further, in the study of AP model, picroside Ⅱinhibited AP-induced liver toxicity in mice, enhanced the activity of ATPase, improved the swelling extent of mitochondria and helped to maintain a normal balance of energy metabolism.CONCLUSION: Picroside Ⅱ can evidently relieve hepatocyteinjuries induced by CCl4, D-GalN and AP, help scavenge free radicals, protect normal constructions of mitochondria membrane and enhance the activity of ATPase in mitochondria,thereby modulating the balance of liver energy metabolism, which might be part of the mechanisms of hepatoprotectiveeffects of picroside Ⅱ.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of different dietary fat and oils(differing in their degree of saturation and unsaturation)on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of rats.Methods:The study was conducted on SO al...Objective:To investigate the effects of different dietary fat and oils(differing in their degree of saturation and unsaturation)on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of rats.Methods:The study was conducted on SO albino rats that were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 animals.The groups were fed on dietary butter(Group I),margarine(Croup II),olive oil(Group III),sunflower oil(Group IV)and com oil(Group V)for 7 weeks.After 12 h of diet removal,livers were excised and blood was collected to measure malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the supernatant of liver homogenate and in blood.Blood superoxide dismutase activity(SOD),glutathione peroxidase activity(GPx),serum vitamin E and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)levels were also measured to determine the effects of fats and oils on lipid peroxidation.Results:The results indicated that no significant differences were observed in SOD activity,vitamin E and TAC levels between the five groups.However,there was significant decrease of GPx activity in groups IV and V when compared with otlier groups.The results indicated that feeding corn oil caused significant increases in liver and blood MDA levels as compared with other oils and fats.There were positive correlations between SOD and GPx,vitamin E and TAC as well as between GPx and TAC(r:0.743;P<0.001)and between blood MDA and liver MDA(r:0.897;P<0.00l).The results showed also negative correlations between blood MDA on one hand and SOD,GPx,vitamin E and TAC on the other hand.Conclusions:The results demonstrated that feeding oils rich in polyunsaturated fatly acids(PUFA)increases lipid peroxidation significantly and may raise the susceptibility of tissues to free radical oxidative damage.展开更多
Abstract: HCC is the 6th most common cancer in the world. The main risk factors associated with HCC are hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C viral infections and other factors that play a role in HCC development, include...Abstract: HCC is the 6th most common cancer in the world. The main risk factors associated with HCC are hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C viral infections and other factors that play a role in HCC development, include aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) cigarette smoking, and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate lipid peroxidation and some antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer. For this purpose, 25 primary and metastatic liver cancer patients and 15 healthy controls were included in the study. In blood samples taken from the patient and control groups, the main product of lipid peroxidation MDA and SOD, GSH, GPx activity levels were examined. In result of study serum MDA level is higher and erythrocyte SOD, GSH, and GPx activities were found to be significantly lower in the patient group compared with the control group (p 0.05). As a result, liver cancer is associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant system weakens, which is an important indicator of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation levels increased and promotes the tissue damage.展开更多
Objective:To investigate oxidative stress,hemoglobin percentage and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various aging groups.Methods:A total of 200 healthy volunteers of hoth genders between age group 20-65 years were se...Objective:To investigate oxidative stress,hemoglobin percentage and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various aging groups.Methods:A total of 200 healthy volunteers of hoth genders between age group 20-65 years were selected by random method.Determination of hemoglobin percentage was done employing modified cyanide method of Dacie and Lewis.The erythrocyte lysis was observed in hypotonic solution of buffered saline at varying concentrations and optical density was measured at 540 nm.The extent of lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde was measured by thiobarbituric acid method.Results:The study found a significant decrease in hemoglobin percentage,increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and increased lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde with increasing age.Conclusions:Supplementation of antioxidants may prevent the oxidative injury in elderly group of subjects.展开更多
AIM To investigate the effect of two ways of lipofuscin production(lipid peroxidation and glycation) on lipofuscin fluorescence characteristics and phototoxicity and to compare them with the properties of natural lipo...AIM To investigate the effect of two ways of lipofuscin production(lipid peroxidation and glycation) on lipofuscin fluorescence characteristics and phototoxicity and to compare them with the properties of natural lipofuscin.METHODS Model lipofuscins were prepared on the basis of bovine photoreceptor outer segments(POS) with bisretinoid A2 E addition. One set of samples was prepared from POS modified by lipid peroxidation,while another set from POS modified by glycation with fructose. Fluorescent properties and kinetics of photoinduced superoxide generation of model lipofuscins and human retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) lipofuscin were compared. The fluorescence spectra of samples were measured at 365 nm excitation wavelength and 380-650 emission wavelength. RESULTS The fluorescence spectra of model lipofuscins are almost the same as the spectrum of natural lipofuscin. Visible light irradiation of both model lipofuscins and natural lipofuscin isolated from RPE cells leads to decrease of a fluorescence maximum at 550 nm and to appearance of a distinct,new maximum at 445-460 nm. The rate of photogeneration of reactive oxygen forms by both model lipofuscins was almost the same and approximately two times less than that of RPE lipofuscin granules.CONCLUSION These data suggest that fluorescent characteristics and phototoxicity of lipofuscin granules depend only to an insignificant degree on the oxidative modification of POS proteins and lipids,and generally are defined by the bisretinoid fluorophores contained in them.展开更多
AIM: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce carcinogenesis via DNA injury. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters participate in cell protection against harmful influence of oxidative stress. The aim of the pre...AIM: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce carcinogenesis via DNA injury. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters participate in cell protection against harmful influence of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of final lipid peroxidation products like malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) in primary colorectal cancer. Moreover, we analysed the activity of main antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD),catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSSRG-R) and the level of nonenzymatic antioxidants (glutathione, vitamins C and E).METHODS: Investigations were conducted in 81 primary colorectal cancers. As a control, the same amount of sample was collected from macroscopically unchanged colon regions of the most distant location to the cancer.Homogenisation of specimens provided 10% homogenates for our evaluations. Activity of antioxidant enzymes and level of glutathione were determined by spectrophotometry.HPLC revealed levels of vitamins C and E and served as a method to detect terminal products of lipid peroxidation in colorectal cancer.RESULTS: Our studies demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation products (MDA-Adc.muc.-2.65±0.48 nmol/g, Adc. G3-2.15±0.44 nmol/g, clinical Ⅳ stage 4.04±0.47 nmol/g, P＜0.001 and 4-HNE-Adc.muc.-0.44±0.07 nmol/g, Adc. G3-0.44±0.10 nmol/g, clinical Ⅳstage 0.52±0.11 nmol/g, P＜0.001) as well as increase of Cu,Zn-SOD (Adc.muc.-363±72 U/g, Adc. G3-318±48 U/g,clinical Ⅳ stage 421±58 U/g, P＜0.001), GSH-Px (Adc.muc.-2143±623 U/g, Adc. G3-2005±591 U/g, clinical Ⅳ stage 2467±368 U/g, P＜0.001) and GSSG-R (Adc. muc.-880±194 U/g,Adc. G3-795±228 U/g, dinical Ⅳ stage 951±243 U/g, P＜0.001)in primary tumour comparison with normal colon (MDA1.39±0.15 nmol/g, HNE-0.29±0.03 nmol/g, Cu, Zn-SOD-117±25 U/g, GSH-Px-1723±189 U/g, GSSG-R-625±112 U/g)especially in mucinous and G3-grade adenocarcinomas as well as clinical Ⅳ stage of colorectal cancer. We also observed a decrease of CAT activity (Adc.muc. -40±14 U/g,clinical Ⅳ stage 33±18 U/g vs84±17 U/g, P＜0.001) as well as a decreased level of reduced glutathione (clinical Ⅳ stage 150±48 nmol/g vs 167±15 nmol/g, P＜0.05) and vitamins C and E (vit. C-clinical Ⅳ stage 325±92 nmol/g vs 513±64 nmol/g, P＜0.001; vit. E-clinical Ⅳ stage 13.3±10.3nmol/g vs37.5±5.2 nmol/g).CONCLUSION: Colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with serious oxidative stress and confirms that gradual advancement of oxidative-antioxidative disorders is followed by progression of colorectal cancer.展开更多
Pharmaceutical delivery systems are developed to improve the physicochemical properties of therapeutic compounds. Emulsions are one of these drug delivering systems formulated using water, oils and lipids as main ingr...Pharmaceutical delivery systems are developed to improve the physicochemical properties of therapeutic compounds. Emulsions are one of these drug delivering systems formulated using water, oils and lipids as main ingredients. Extensive data are usually generated on the physical and chemical characteristics of these oil-in-water and lipid emulsions. However, the oxidative tendency of emulsions is often overlooked. Oxidation impacts the overall quality and safety of these pharmaceutical emulsions. Additionally, introducing oxidatively unstable emulsions into biological systems further promotes oxidation in situ. Products of these reactions then continue to pose serious harm to cells and fuel other physiological oxidation reactions. Consequently, the increase of oxidation products leads to oxidative damage to biological systems. Thus, emulsions with lower lipid peroxidation are more stable and will reduce the negative effects of oxidation in situ. Preventive measures during the formulation of emulsions are important. Many naturally occurring and cost effective substances possess low oxidation tendencies and confer oxidative protection when used in emulsions. Additionally,certain preparatory methods should be employed to reduce or better control lipid peroxidation.Finally, emulsions must be evaluated for their oxidation susceptibility using the various techniques available. Careful attention to the preparation of emulsions and assessment of their oxidative stability will help produce safer emulsions without compromising efficacy.展开更多
A systematic study was conducted to determine the effects of water stress on the activities of protective enzymes and lipid peroxidation in maize. The results showed that, under water stress, the activities of superox...A systematic study was conducted to determine the effects of water stress on the activities of protective enzymes and lipid peroxidation in maize. The results showed that, under water stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) in leaves and roots increased sharply at prophase and metaphase growth stages, such as, male tetrad stage, but then declined towards the physiological maturity. The protective enzyme activities in roots were lower than those in leaves. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased according to the severity of water stress. The content of MDA in roots was lower than that in leaves. The activities of protective enzymes and lipid peroxidation in roots were positively related to that in leaves with most of the correlation coefficients being significant. The content of soluble proteins in roots and leaves decreased with increasing drought stress. The ear characteristics deteriorated and the economic yields of maize decreased significantly under water stress. The main factors that caused reduction of yields were the decrease in the number of ear kernels and 100-kernel weight.展开更多
基金supported by FIS PI16/00786(2016)and FIS PI19/00377(2019)grantsthe Ministerio de Sanidad,Spain and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional(FEDER Unión Europea)Spanish Ministry of Education,Culture and Sport.This activity has been co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)and by the Regional Ministry of Economic Transformation,Industry,Knowledge and Universities of the Junta de Andalucía,within the framework of the ERDF Andalusia operational program 2014-2020 Thematic objective“01-Reinforcement of research,technological development and innovation”through the reference research project CTS-5725 and PY18-850(to JASA).
文摘Lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation are closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases,or neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders.Mitochondrial dysfunction,lipofuscin accumulation,autophagy disruption,and ferroptosis have been implicated as the critical pathomechanisms of lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in these disorders.Currently,the connection between lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation and the initial cause or consequence in neurodegeneration processes is unclear.In this review,we have compiled the known mechanisms by which lipid peroxidation triggers iron accumulation and lipofuscin formation,and the effect of iron overload on lipid peroxidation and cellular function.The vicious cycle established between both pathological alterations may lead to the development of neurodegeneration.Therefore,the investigation of these mechanisms is essential for exploring therapeutic strategies to restrict neurodegeneration.In addition,we discuss the interplay between lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in neurodegeneration,particularly in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration,a rare neurodegenerative disease with autosomal recessive inheritance,which belongs to the group of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172311)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B020213001)+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515012413)the support from the Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University(Xili Campus)。
文摘This study aimed to analyze the effect of lipid peroxidation on the allergenicity and functional properties of soybeanβ-conglycinin(7 S)and glycinin(11 S).Oxidation complexes were determined using the lipid peroxidation method.Functional properties were analyzed based on emulsifying and foaming properties.The potential allergenicity was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods.The results found that oxidation altered structures of the proteins and resulted in the formation of cross-linked protein polymers.The emulsion and foaming properties of the proteins were improved after oxidation.The IgE-binding capacity of 7 S and11 S reduced after oxidation.KU812 cell assays showed that both histamine and IL-4 release decreased after oxidation treatment.A mouse model showed that oxidation reduced the IgE,IgG,and IgG1 levels,as well as reduced histamine and mMCP-1 release in serum,which might suppress the allergic reaction.In conclusion,the lipid peroxidation treatment likely causes changes to the functional properties of soybean,decreasing the potential allergenicity of 7 S and 11 S.
文摘Heavy metals have harmful effects on human health,and exposure to these metals has been increased by industrial and anthropogenic activities and modern industrialization.Heavy metals content of the liver tissues was determine d using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method,while lipid peroxidation was carried out.Heavy metals analyzed include;lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),zinc(Zn),Arsenic(As),and Mercury(Hg).The findings revealed that the heavy metal Zinc(Zn)has high concentrations in the muscles of the fish species,the concentration of this heavy metal Zinc is high in River Gindin Dorowa th a n in River Ibi and River Donga shows less concentration of this heavy metal though it’s above WHO permissible limits.Results revealed that only Zn and Cd were present in the muscle from the three rivers.Pb was found only in the liver from Gindin-Dorowa at the concentration of 0.017 mg/kg,which is not significant(P<0.05)when compared with other locations,while Hg and As were absent in all the muscle samples.The highest concentration of Zn was found in the muscle sample from Gindin-Dorowa(7.450 mg/kg)followed by Ibi(6.16 mg/kg)and the least being Donga(4.365 mg/kg)which are significantly(P<0.05)different from one another.However,there was no significant(P<0.05)difference among the Cd composition of muscle from Gindin-Dorowa(0.025 mg/kg),Donga(0.024 mg/kg)and Ibi(0.015 mg/kg),respectively.The TBA was found in the hepatic tissue sample from Gidin-Dorowa,which has the highest Zn,Cd and no Pb content,followed by Ibi and then the Donga sample.This suggests that there is a positive relationship between heavy metals and the effect of TBA on the hepatic tissues,justifying the fact that heavy metals affect the hepatic tissues of fish,while on the cerebral tissue.In conclusion,it revealed that there is a negative relation between heavy metals and the effect of TBA on the cerebral tissues to protect or save aquatic habitat s of fish quality and aquatic life.
文摘Dietary omega-3 (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recommended by public health organizations to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and several epidemiological studies have suggested there is an inverse association between n - 3 intake and human cancers. However, n - 3 are susceptible to an increase in lipid peroxidation in the human body. As part of a crossover dietary intervention study of a diet (20% of energy from fat) with or without an additional 3% of energy from a mixture of n - 3 (with 5.36 g α-linolenic acid and 1.45 g eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid per 2000 kcal per day), we measured total in vivo lipid peroxidation in healthy postmenopausal women (n = 15). Our results indicated that the diet with 3% of energy from n - 3 significantly increased the urinary concentrations of total polar lipophilic aldehydes and related compounds produced via lipid peroxidation (p α, β-unsaturated hydroxy aldehydes 4-hydroxy-2-trans - hexenal (p trans -decenal (p < 0.05) compared to the diet with less than 1% of energy from n - 3. This is also the first study to document the presence of 4-hydroxy-2-trans -decenal in the urine of individuals consuming n - 3. These results demonstrate that an increase in 3% of energy from dietary n – 3 increases in vivo lipid peroxidation.
文摘Lipoxidation is formed during the oxidation of lipids and specific proteins,causing an alteration in proteins function.Although this occurs under physiological conditions,in many cases,it has been associated with pathological processes,including cancer.Oxidative DNA damage is a significant contributor to cancer development,and lipoxidation products such as malondialdehyde(MDA)and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(4-HNE)play a role in the induction of mutations responsible for DNA modifications.Elevations of reactive aldehydes can be seen in patients with metastatic disease in comparison to those without metastatic disease.Lipoxidation adducts can modify the immune response,consequently causing either positive or negative alterations in cancer progression.When reactive aldehydes are added to tumor cells,they exert similar effects to chemotherapeutic drugs by forming DNA adducts and consequently steer the tumor cells toward apoptosis.This article highlights the role of botanical compounds in lipid metabolism,lipid peroxidation,and cell cycle arrest and discusses the potential role they may have in oncology treatments.
文摘Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Methods:Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration of ethanol(20%w/v) at a dosage of 5 niL/kg bw in rats.After 28 days of treatment,the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed by cervical dislocation.Blood was collected with a 2 mL syringe by cardiac puncture and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min.The plasma was analyzed to evaluate malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) concentrations.Results:Administration of alcohol caused a drastic increase(87.74%) in MDA level compared with the control.Pineapple peel extract significantly reduced the MDA level by 60.16%at 2.S mL/kg bw.Rats fed alcohol only had the highest catalase activity,treatment with pineapple peel extract at 2.5 mL/kg bw however, reduced the activity.Increased AST,ALP and ALT activities were observed in rats fed alcohol only respectively,treatment with pineapple peel extract drastically reduced their activities. Conclusions:The positive modulation of lipid peroxidation,catalase activities as well as hepatic biomarker levels of blood plasma by the methanolic extract of pineapple peels under alcoholinduced oxidative stress is an indication of its protective ability in the management of alcoholinduced toxicity.
基金supported by a grant(NRF-2011-0008199)from the Basie Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea
文摘Objective:To investigate the antioxidant enicacy of a biologically active dilerpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides(M.glyptostroboides)in various antioxidant models.Methods:An abietane type diterpenoid sugiol,isolated from ethyl acetate extract of M.glyptostroboides cones,was analyzed for its antioxidant efficacy as reducing power ability and lipid peroxidation inhibition as well as its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.Results:The sugiol showed significant and concentration-dependent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.Consequently,the sugiol exerted lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect by 76.3%as compared to a-tocopherol(80.13%)and butylaled hydroxyanisole(76.59%).In addition,the sugiol had significant scavenging activities of l,l-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner by 78.83%,72.42%,72.99%and 85.04%,when compared to the standard compound ascorbic acid(81.69%,74.62%,73.00%and 73.79%)and a-tocopherol/butylated hydroxyanisole(84.09%,78.61%,74.45%and 70.02%),respectively.Conclusions:These findings justify the biological and traditional uses of M.glyptostroboides or its secondary metabolites as confirmed by its promising antioxidant efficacy.
文摘Objective:To investigate and compare the inhibitor)'properties)of free and bound phenolic extracts of clove bud against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes(alpha-amylase&alphaglucosidase)and Fe^(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro.Methods:The free phenolics were extracted with 80%.(v/v)acetone,while bound phenolics were extracted from the alkaline and acid hydrolyzed residue with ethyl acetate.Then,the interaction of the extracts with alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase was subsequently assessed.Thereafter,the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined.Results:The result revealed that both extracts inhibited alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase in a dose-dependent manner.However,the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the extracts were significantly(P<0.05)higher than their alpha-amylase inhibitory activity.The free phenolics(31.67 mg/g)and flavonoid(17.28 mg/g)contents were significantly(P<0.05)higher than bound phenolic(23.52 mg/g)and flavonoid(13.70 mg/g)contents.Both extracts also exhibited high antioxidant activities as typified by their high reducing power,LI diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonate(ABTS)radical scavenging abilities,as well as inhibition of Fe^(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro.Conclusions:This study provides a biochemical rationale by which clove elicits therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes.
基金financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(31601978)the China Agriculture Research System-Beijing Team for Poultry Industrythe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Background: Meat color and lipid peroxidation are important traits related to meat quality. CO_2 concentration is a critical factor that can affect meat quality in the commercial use of gas stunning(GS). However, the effect and mechanism of CO_2 stunning on meat color and lipid peroxidation during long-term storage remain poorly studied. We aimed to study the effects of GS methods, especial y CO_2 concentration, on meat color and meat lipid peroxidation in broilers during long-term storage at 4 °C and to explore the potential mechanism of meat color change via lipid peroxidation and the inner lipid peroxide scavenging system.Methods: Eighteen broilers were sacrificed after exposure to one of the following gas mixtures for 90 s: 40% CO_2+21% O_2+ 39% N2(G40%), 79% CO_2+ 21% O_2(G79%), or no stunning(0% CO_2, control). Meat color, serum variables,enzyme activities, and the gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), nuclear factor-erythroid2-related factor 2(Nrf2), glutathione S-transferase(GST) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were determined.(Continued on next page)Results: The concentrations of serum triiodothyronine(T3, P = 0.03) and the ratio of serum free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine(FT3/FT4, P < 0.01) were decreased, whereas levels of serum cortisol(P < 0.01) were increased in the 40%CO_2 group compared with the control group. Additionally, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS)3 d(P < 0.01) and TBARS6 d(P = 0.01) in breast meat and the TBARS3 din thigh meat(P < 0.01) were increased in the40% CO_2 group compared with the control group. Serum T3 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 dboth in the breast and thigh meat(r =-0.63, P < 0.01 and r =-0.47, P = 0.05 respectively). T3/T4 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 din the breast meat and in the thigh meat(r =-0.57, P = 0.01; and r =-0.53, P = 0.03 respectively). Compared with the control group, Lightness(L*)1 d(P = 0.03) and L*9 d(P < 0.01) were increased, whereas total chromatic aberration(E*)1 d(P = 0.05) and E*3 d(P < 0.01) were decreased in the breast meat of both the G40% and G79% groups. The values of yel owness(b*)3 d(P = 0.01), b*6 d(P < 0.01) and E*6 d(P < 0.01) in the thigh meat were lower in both the G40% and G79% groups than in the control group. In the breast muscle, the m RNA levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2(JNK2, P = 0.03),GSTT1(P = 0.04), and SOD1(P = 0.05) were decreased, and the m RNA levels of JNK1(P = 0.07), Nrf2(P = 0.09), and GSTA3(P = 0.06) were slightly lower in both the G40% and G79% groups compared with the control group. However, among these genes, only the m RNA level of JNK1 was decreased in the G40% group compared with the control group and the G79% group(P = 0.03) in the thigh muscle.Conclusions: Compared with the control group, meat color quality in the breast meat was decreased, and the expression of genes in the MAPK/Nrf2/ARE(antioxidant responsive element) antioxidant pathway in breast muscle was partly suppressed by GS of both 40% and 79% CO_2. However, oxidative stress and meat lipid peroxidation during storage were aggravated by GS with 40% CO_2 compared to GS with 79% CO_2 and no GS.
基金financially supported by Sri Venkateswara University(Grant No.BC-408)
文摘Objective:To study the antioxidant efficacy of Commiphora mukul(C.mukul) gum resin ethanolic extract in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods:The male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals each:Control group(C),CM-treated control group(C_+CMEE),Diabetic control group(D),CM- treated diabetic group(D_+CMEE).Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ(55 mg/kg/ bwt).After being confirmed the diabetic rats were treated with C.mukul gum resin ethanolic extract(CMEE) for 60 days.The biochemical estimations like antioxidant,oxidative stress marker enzymes and hepatic marker enzymes of tissues were performed.Results:The diabetic rats showed increased level of enzymatic activities aspartate aminotransaminase(AST),alanine aminotransaminase(ALT) in liver and kidney and oxidative markers like lipid peroxidation(LPO) and protein oxidation(PO) in pancreas and heart. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly decreased in the pancreas and heart compared to control group.Administration of CMEE(200 mg/kg bw) to diabetic rats for 60 days significantly reversed the above parameters towards normalcy.Conclusions:In conclusion,our data indicate the preventive role of C.mukul against STZ-induced diabetic oxidative stress;hence this plant could be used as an adjuvant therapy for the prevention and/or management of diabetes and aggravated antioxidant status.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of boswellic acid against monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in mice.Methods:The mice were divided into four experimental groups.GroupⅠserved as control;mice in groupⅡwere injected with monosodium urate crystal;groupⅢconsisted of monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with boswellic acid(30mg/kg/b.w.);groupⅣcomprised monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with indomethacin(3mg/kg/b.w.).Paw volume and levels/activities of lysosomal enzymes,lipid peroxidation,anti-oxidant status and inflammatory mediator TNF-αwere determined in control and monosodium urate crystal-induced mice.In addition,the levels ofβ-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase were also measured in monosodium urate crystal-incubated polymorphonuclear leucocytes(PMNL)in vitro.Results:The activities of lysosomal enzymes,lipid peroxidation,and tumour necrosis factor-αlevels and paw volume were increased significantly in monosodium urate crystal-induced mice,whereas the activities of antioxidant status were in turn decreased.However,these changes were modulated to near normal levels upon boswellic acid administration.In vitro,boswellic acid reduced the level ofβ-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase in monosodium urate crystal-incubated PMNL in concentration dependent manner when compared with control cells.Conclusions:The results obtained in this study further strengthen the anti-inflammatory/antiarthritic effect of boswellic acid,which was already well established by several investigators.
基金Supported by the Education Trust Fund,Nigeria.Grant No.VCPU/URGC/46
文摘Objective:To evaluate and compare antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts of unripe plantain(Musa paradisiaca),assess their inhibitory action on sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro and to cliaracterize the main phenolic constituents of the plantain products using gas chromatography analysis.Methods:Aqueous extracts of plantain products(raw,elastic pastry,roasted and boiled)(lour ol 0.1 g/mL(each)were used to determine their total phenol,total flavonoid,1,1 diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and hydroxyl(OH)radical scavenging ability.The inhibitory effect of the extracts on sodium nitropmsside induced lipid peroxidation was also determined.Results:The results revealed that all the aqueous extracts showed antioxidant activity.The boiled Hour had highest DPPH and OH radical scavenging ability while raw Hour had the highest Fe^(2+)chelating ability,sodium nilroprusside inhibitor)effect and vitamin C content.The antioxidant results showed that elastic pastry had the highest total phenol and total flavonoid content.Characterization of the unripe plantain products for polyphenol contents using gas chromatography showed varied quantity of apigenin,myricetin.luteolin,capsaicin,isorhaemnetin.caffeic acid,kampferol,quercetin,p-hydroxybenzoic acid,shogaol,glycitein and gingerol per product on the spectra.Conclusions:Considering the antioxidant activities and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation of unripe plantain,this could justify their traditional use in the management/prevention of diseases related to stress.
基金Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 90209046
文摘AIM: To investigate the anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of liver mitochondria against injuries in mice with liverdamage by picroside Ⅱ.METHODS: Three animal models of liver damageinduced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4:0.1 mL/10 g, ip),D-galactosamine (D-GalN: 500 mg/kg,ip) and acetaminophen (AP: 0.15 g/kg, ip) were respectively treated with various concentrations of picroside Ⅱ (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, ig). Then we chose the continuously monitoring method (recommended by International Clinical Chemistry League) to analyze serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values, Marland method to detect the activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver mitochondria, TBA colorimetry to determine the content of malonicdialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue, DTNB method to evaluate the activity of glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px) and Lowry method to detect protein level in liver tissue. Meanwhile, effects of picroside Ⅱ on the activity of ATPase and swelling extent of mitochondria in hepatocytes damaged by AP were also evaluated.RESULTS: Picroside Ⅱ could significantly prevent liver toxicity in the three models of liver damage. It decreased the high levels of ALT and AST in serum induced by theadministration of CCl4, D-GalN and AP, reduced the cellular damage of liver markedly, and appeared to be even more potent than the positive control drug of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate pilules (DDB). In groups treated with different doses of picroside Ⅱ, compared to the model group, the content of MDA in serum decreased evidently, whereas the content of SOD and GSH-Px increased in a dosedependent manner, and the difference was statistically significant. Further, in the study of AP model, picroside Ⅱinhibited AP-induced liver toxicity in mice, enhanced the activity of ATPase, improved the swelling extent of mitochondria and helped to maintain a normal balance of energy metabolism.CONCLUSION: Picroside Ⅱ can evidently relieve hepatocyteinjuries induced by CCl4, D-GalN and AP, help scavenge free radicals, protect normal constructions of mitochondria membrane and enhance the activity of ATPase in mitochondria,thereby modulating the balance of liver energy metabolism, which might be part of the mechanisms of hepatoprotectiveeffects of picroside Ⅱ.
基金Supported by Qassum University,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(Grant No.559)
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of different dietary fat and oils(differing in their degree of saturation and unsaturation)on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of rats.Methods:The study was conducted on SO albino rats that were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 animals.The groups were fed on dietary butter(Group I),margarine(Croup II),olive oil(Group III),sunflower oil(Group IV)and com oil(Group V)for 7 weeks.After 12 h of diet removal,livers were excised and blood was collected to measure malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the supernatant of liver homogenate and in blood.Blood superoxide dismutase activity(SOD),glutathione peroxidase activity(GPx),serum vitamin E and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)levels were also measured to determine the effects of fats and oils on lipid peroxidation.Results:The results indicated that no significant differences were observed in SOD activity,vitamin E and TAC levels between the five groups.However,there was significant decrease of GPx activity in groups IV and V when compared with otlier groups.The results indicated that feeding corn oil caused significant increases in liver and blood MDA levels as compared with other oils and fats.There were positive correlations between SOD and GPx,vitamin E and TAC as well as between GPx and TAC(r:0.743;P<0.001)and between blood MDA and liver MDA(r:0.897;P<0.00l).The results showed also negative correlations between blood MDA on one hand and SOD,GPx,vitamin E and TAC on the other hand.Conclusions:The results demonstrated that feeding oils rich in polyunsaturated fatly acids(PUFA)increases lipid peroxidation significantly and may raise the susceptibility of tissues to free radical oxidative damage.
文摘Abstract: HCC is the 6th most common cancer in the world. The main risk factors associated with HCC are hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C viral infections and other factors that play a role in HCC development, include aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) cigarette smoking, and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate lipid peroxidation and some antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer. For this purpose, 25 primary and metastatic liver cancer patients and 15 healthy controls were included in the study. In blood samples taken from the patient and control groups, the main product of lipid peroxidation MDA and SOD, GSH, GPx activity levels were examined. In result of study serum MDA level is higher and erythrocyte SOD, GSH, and GPx activities were found to be significantly lower in the patient group compared with the control group (p 0.05). As a result, liver cancer is associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant system weakens, which is an important indicator of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation levels increased and promotes the tissue damage.
文摘Objective:To investigate oxidative stress,hemoglobin percentage and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various aging groups.Methods:A total of 200 healthy volunteers of hoth genders between age group 20-65 years were selected by random method.Determination of hemoglobin percentage was done employing modified cyanide method of Dacie and Lewis.The erythrocyte lysis was observed in hypotonic solution of buffered saline at varying concentrations and optical density was measured at 540 nm.The extent of lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde was measured by thiobarbituric acid method.Results:The study found a significant decrease in hemoglobin percentage,increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and increased lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde with increasing age.Conclusions:Supplementation of antioxidants may prevent the oxidative injury in elderly group of subjects.
基金The Russian Foundation for Basic Research,No.15-29-03831
文摘AIM To investigate the effect of two ways of lipofuscin production(lipid peroxidation and glycation) on lipofuscin fluorescence characteristics and phototoxicity and to compare them with the properties of natural lipofuscin.METHODS Model lipofuscins were prepared on the basis of bovine photoreceptor outer segments(POS) with bisretinoid A2 E addition. One set of samples was prepared from POS modified by lipid peroxidation,while another set from POS modified by glycation with fructose. Fluorescent properties and kinetics of photoinduced superoxide generation of model lipofuscins and human retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) lipofuscin were compared. The fluorescence spectra of samples were measured at 365 nm excitation wavelength and 380-650 emission wavelength. RESULTS The fluorescence spectra of model lipofuscins are almost the same as the spectrum of natural lipofuscin. Visible light irradiation of both model lipofuscins and natural lipofuscin isolated from RPE cells leads to decrease of a fluorescence maximum at 550 nm and to appearance of a distinct,new maximum at 445-460 nm. The rate of photogeneration of reactive oxygen forms by both model lipofuscins was almost the same and approximately two times less than that of RPE lipofuscin granules.CONCLUSION These data suggest that fluorescent characteristics and phototoxicity of lipofuscin granules depend only to an insignificant degree on the oxidative modification of POS proteins and lipids,and generally are defined by the bisretinoid fluorophores contained in them.
基金Supported by Research Grant From the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research 3 PO5B 07922
文摘AIM: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce carcinogenesis via DNA injury. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters participate in cell protection against harmful influence of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of final lipid peroxidation products like malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) in primary colorectal cancer. Moreover, we analysed the activity of main antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD),catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSSRG-R) and the level of nonenzymatic antioxidants (glutathione, vitamins C and E).METHODS: Investigations were conducted in 81 primary colorectal cancers. As a control, the same amount of sample was collected from macroscopically unchanged colon regions of the most distant location to the cancer.Homogenisation of specimens provided 10% homogenates for our evaluations. Activity of antioxidant enzymes and level of glutathione were determined by spectrophotometry.HPLC revealed levels of vitamins C and E and served as a method to detect terminal products of lipid peroxidation in colorectal cancer.RESULTS: Our studies demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation products (MDA-Adc.muc.-2.65±0.48 nmol/g, Adc. G3-2.15±0.44 nmol/g, clinical Ⅳ stage 4.04±0.47 nmol/g, P＜0.001 and 4-HNE-Adc.muc.-0.44±0.07 nmol/g, Adc. G3-0.44±0.10 nmol/g, clinical Ⅳstage 0.52±0.11 nmol/g, P＜0.001) as well as increase of Cu,Zn-SOD (Adc.muc.-363±72 U/g, Adc. G3-318±48 U/g,clinical Ⅳ stage 421±58 U/g, P＜0.001), GSH-Px (Adc.muc.-2143±623 U/g, Adc. G3-2005±591 U/g, clinical Ⅳ stage 2467±368 U/g, P＜0.001) and GSSG-R (Adc. muc.-880±194 U/g,Adc. G3-795±228 U/g, dinical Ⅳ stage 951±243 U/g, P＜0.001)in primary tumour comparison with normal colon (MDA1.39±0.15 nmol/g, HNE-0.29±0.03 nmol/g, Cu, Zn-SOD-117±25 U/g, GSH-Px-1723±189 U/g, GSSG-R-625±112 U/g)especially in mucinous and G3-grade adenocarcinomas as well as clinical Ⅳ stage of colorectal cancer. We also observed a decrease of CAT activity (Adc.muc. -40±14 U/g,clinical Ⅳ stage 33±18 U/g vs84±17 U/g, P＜0.001) as well as a decreased level of reduced glutathione (clinical Ⅳ stage 150±48 nmol/g vs 167±15 nmol/g, P＜0.05) and vitamins C and E (vit. C-clinical Ⅳ stage 325±92 nmol/g vs 513±64 nmol/g, P＜0.001; vit. E-clinical Ⅳ stage 13.3±10.3nmol/g vs37.5±5.2 nmol/g).CONCLUSION: Colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with serious oxidative stress and confirms that gradual advancement of oxidative-antioxidative disorders is followed by progression of colorectal cancer.
文摘Pharmaceutical delivery systems are developed to improve the physicochemical properties of therapeutic compounds. Emulsions are one of these drug delivering systems formulated using water, oils and lipids as main ingredients. Extensive data are usually generated on the physical and chemical characteristics of these oil-in-water and lipid emulsions. However, the oxidative tendency of emulsions is often overlooked. Oxidation impacts the overall quality and safety of these pharmaceutical emulsions. Additionally, introducing oxidatively unstable emulsions into biological systems further promotes oxidation in situ. Products of these reactions then continue to pose serious harm to cells and fuel other physiological oxidation reactions. Consequently, the increase of oxidation products leads to oxidative damage to biological systems. Thus, emulsions with lower lipid peroxidation are more stable and will reduce the negative effects of oxidation in situ. Preventive measures during the formulation of emulsions are important. Many naturally occurring and cost effective substances possess low oxidation tendencies and confer oxidative protection when used in emulsions. Additionally,certain preparatory methods should be employed to reduce or better control lipid peroxidation.Finally, emulsions must be evaluated for their oxidation susceptibility using the various techniques available. Careful attention to the preparation of emulsions and assessment of their oxidative stability will help produce safer emulsions without compromising efficacy.
文摘A systematic study was conducted to determine the effects of water stress on the activities of protective enzymes and lipid peroxidation in maize. The results showed that, under water stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) in leaves and roots increased sharply at prophase and metaphase growth stages, such as, male tetrad stage, but then declined towards the physiological maturity. The protective enzyme activities in roots were lower than those in leaves. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased according to the severity of water stress. The content of MDA in roots was lower than that in leaves. The activities of protective enzymes and lipid peroxidation in roots were positively related to that in leaves with most of the correlation coefficients being significant. The content of soluble proteins in roots and leaves decreased with increasing drought stress. The ear characteristics deteriorated and the economic yields of maize decreased significantly under water stress. The main factors that caused reduction of yields were the decrease in the number of ear kernels and 100-kernel weight.
