The dynamic change of microbial community during sludge acclimation from aerobic to anaerobic in a MBR for coking wastewater treatment was revealed by Illumina Miseq sequencing in this study. The diversity of both Bac...The dynamic change of microbial community during sludge acclimation from aerobic to anaerobic in a MBR for coking wastewater treatment was revealed by Illumina Miseq sequencing in this study. The diversity of both Bacteria and Archaea showed an increase–decrease trajectory during acclimation, and exhibited the highest at the domestication interim. Ignavibacteria changed from a tiny minority（less than 1%） to the dominant bacterial group（54.0%） along with acclimation. The relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria kept relatively steady, as in this class some species increased coupled with some other species decreased during acclimation. The dominant Archaea shifted from Halobacteria in initial aerobic sludge to Methanobacteria in the acclimated anaerobic sludge. The dominant bacterial and archaeal groups in different acclimation stages were indigenous microorganisms in the initial sludge, though some of them were very rare. This study supported that the species in＂rare biosphere＂ might eventually become dominant in response to environmental change.展开更多
Dear Editor,Alterations in the human microbiome are closely related to various hepatobiliary diseases.Gut microbial dysbiosis has been found in patients with cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)[1].However,the characteristics of o...Dear Editor,Alterations in the human microbiome are closely related to various hepatobiliary diseases.Gut microbial dysbiosis has been found in patients with cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)[1].However,the characteristics of oral microbiome in patients with CCA have not been studied.展开更多
Certain agricultural management practices are known to affect the soil microbial community structure;however,knowledge of the response of the fungal community structure to the long-term continuous cropping and rotatio...Certain agricultural management practices are known to affect the soil microbial community structure;however,knowledge of the response of the fungal community structure to the long-term continuous cropping and rotation of soybean,maize and wheat in the same agroecosystem is limited.We assessed the fungal abundance,composition and diversity among soybean rotation,maize rotation and wheat rotation systems and among long-term continuous cropping systems of soybean,maize and wheat as the effect of crop types on fungal community structure.We compared these fungal parameters of same crop between long-term crop rotation and continuous cropping systems as the effect of cropping systems on fungal community structure.The fungal abundance and composition were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing.The results revealed that long-term continuous soybean cropping increased the soil fungal abundance compared with soybean rotation,and the fungal abundance was decreased in long-term continuous maize cropping compared with maize rotation.The long-term continuous soybean cropping also exhibited increased soil fungal diversity.The variation in the fungal community structure among the three crops was greater than that between long-term continuous cropping and rotation cropping.Mortierella,Guehomyces and Alternaria were the most important contributors to the dissimilarity of the fungal communities between the continuous cropping and rotation cropping of soybean,maize and wheat.There were 11 potential pathogen and 11 potential biocontrol fungi identified,and the relative abundance of most of the potential pathogenic fungi increased during the long-term continuous cropping of all three crops.The relative abundance of most biocontrol fungi increased in long-term continuous soybean cropping but decreased in long-term continuous maize and wheat cropping.Our results indicate that the response of the soil fungal community structure to long-term continuous cropping varies based upon crop types.展开更多
Gene flow between sympatric congeneric plants is thought to be very common and may pose serious threats to endangered species.In the present study,we evaluate the genetic diversity and divergence of three sympatric Rh...Gene flow between sympatric congeneric plants is thought to be very common and may pose serious threats to endangered species.In the present study,we evaluate the genetic diversity and divergence of three sympatric Rhododendron species in Jiaozi Mountain using newly developed microsatellites through the Illumina MiSeq sequencing approach.Genetic diversity of all three Rhododendron species studied was moderate in comparison to genetic parameters previously reported from species of this genus.Interestingly,genetic structure analysis of the three species identified a possible hybrid origin of the threatened Rh.pubicostatum.This sympatry should be considered a unimodal hybrid zone,since Rh.pubicostatum is predominant here.Unimodal hybrid zones are uncommon in Rhododendron,despite the fact that hybridization frequently occurs in the genus.Issues pertaining to the conservation of Rh.pubicostatum resulting from admixture of genetic material from its parental species are discussed.展开更多
Soil fungi are extremely important for maintaining soil health and plant production in agricultural systems.Currently,the effect of continuous cropping of sweet potato on soil fungal communities and physiochemical par...Soil fungi are extremely important for maintaining soil health and plant production in agricultural systems.Currently,the effect of continuous cropping of sweet potato on soil fungal communities and physiochemical parameters has not been well documented.In the present study,four sweet potato fields consecutively monocultured for 1,2,3,and 4 years were selected to investigate the effect of monoculture on soil fungal communities through Illumina MiSeq sequencing.Continuous cropping of sweet potatoes dramatically altered the fungal community composition,whereas fungal diversity was almost unchanged.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the most abundant phyla in all soil samples,accounting for 32.59%and 21.14%of the average relative abundance,respectively.The abundance of some potential pathogens,such as Ascobolus spp,specifically Ascobolus stercorarius,and some unknown fungi increased significantly as the sweet potato monoculture period increased,and their presence were highly positively correlated with disease incidence.In contrast,Basidiomycota,Bullera,Fusarium and Trichocladium most likely play roles as antagonists of sweet potato disease development,as their relative abundance decreased significantly over time and were negatively correlated with disease incidence.Redundancy and correlation analyses revealed that soil pH and organic carbon content were the most important factors driving these changes.Our findings provided a dynamic overview of the fungal community and presented a clear scope for screening beneficial fungi and pathogens of sweet potato.展开更多
Ecological purification in a reservoir is an important strategy to control the level of nutrients in water.The bacterial community of such a reservoir is the main agent for pollutant degradation,which has not been ful...Ecological purification in a reservoir is an important strategy to control the level of nutrients in water.The bacterial community of such a reservoir is the main agent for pollutant degradation,which has not been fully documented.Taking the Jinze Reservoir,a freshwater source for Shanghai,China as the case,its spatial distributions of water and sediment bacteria were determined using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq sequencing,and the environmental parameters were analyzed.The reservoir takes natural river water and functions as an ecological purification system,consisting of three functional zones,i.e.,pretreatment zone,ecological purification zone,and ecological sustaining zone.Results show that the concentrations of both total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)decreased considerably after the ecological treatment,and the concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO)in the ecological purification zone was boosted from that before pretreatment.In addition,patterns of bacterial communities in both water and sediment were similar and consisted of mainly Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes.However,difference in water bacterial composition was distinct in each functional zone,whereas the bacterial communities in sediment changed only slightly among sediment samples.Network analysis revealed nonrandom co-occurrence patterns of bacterial community composition in water and sediment,and Pseudomonas,unclassified Comamonadaceae,Variovorax,and Dechloromonas were the key taxa in the co-occurrence network.The bacterial taxa from the same module of the network had strong ecological connections,participated in C-cycles,and shared common trophic properties.PICRUSt analysis showed that bacteria were involved potentially in various essential processes;and the abundance of predicted xenobiotic biodegradation genes showed a decreasing trend in water samples from the inlet to the outlet of the reservoir.These results improve our current knowledge of the spatial distribution of bacteria in water and sediment in ecological purification reservoirs.展开更多
In this study, the enclosure system exhibited perfect nitrogen removal performance with in situ oxygen-enhanced indigenous aerobic denitrifying bacteria in an enclosure experiment. We explored changes in the microbial...In this study, the enclosure system exhibited perfect nitrogen removal performance with in situ oxygen-enhanced indigenous aerobic denitrifying bacteria in an enclosure experiment. We explored changes in the microbial community during the nitrogen removal process using the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results revealed a total of 7974 and 33653 operational taxonomic units(OTUs) for water and sediment systems, respectively, with 97% similarity. The OTUs were found to be affiliated with eight main phyla(Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria). The diversity of the enhanced system was found to be higher than that of the control system. Principal component analysis(PCA) revealed that significant spatial and temporal differences were exhibited in the microbial community during nitrogen removal in the enclosure experiment. Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that physical parameters(temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH), nitrogen(total nitrogen and nitrate), functional genes(nirK and nirS), and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) were the most important factors affecting bacterial community function and composition. Lastly, the results suggested that the variation in the microbial community could be analyzed through the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology,which may provide technical support for future field tests.展开更多
Although soil bacteria play critical roles in agro-ecosystems, the knowledge of their response to long-term fertilization across the black soil region of Northeast China is limited. In this study, we sequenced 16 S rR...Although soil bacteria play critical roles in agro-ecosystems, the knowledge of their response to long-term fertilization across the black soil region of Northeast China is limited. In this study, we sequenced 16 S rRNA genes to assess the effects of four long-term fertilization regimes—non-fertilization(NoF), chemical fertilizer(CF), manure(M), and chemical fertilizer plus manure(CFM)—on soil properties and bacterial communities in three locations, the northern, middle, and southern parts, across the black soil region. Results showed that the influence of fertilization regimes on soil properties varied significantly among the three locations. Manure fertilization significantly increased microbial biomass carbon and relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria. Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the total bacterial communities were separated into three groups according to the sampling location despite long-term fertilization, and that soil pH was the most important factor in shifting bacterial communities. In addition, similar fertilization regimes resulted in different influences on bacterial community composition, and the most influential soil properties varied among the three locations. Our results highlighted that geographical separation was a more dominant factor affecting bacterial communities than fertilization, and that long-term similar fertilization regimes did not induce consistent changes in bacterial community composition in the black soil region.展开更多
There is an increasing concern about rice （Oryza sativa L.） soil microbiomes under the influence of mixed heavy metal contamina- tion. We used the high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing approach to explore the ba...There is an increasing concern about rice （Oryza sativa L.） soil microbiomes under the influence of mixed heavy metal contamina- tion. We used the high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing approach to explore the bacterial diversity and community composition of soils in four paddy fields, exhibiting four degrees of mixed heavy metal （Cd, Pb and Zn） pollution, and examined the effects of these metals on the bacterial communities. Our results showed that up to 2 104 to 4 359 bacterial operational taxonomic units （OTUs） were found in the bulk and rhizosphere soils of the paddy fields, with the dominant bacterial phyla （greater than 1% of the overall community） including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chlorofiexi, Bacteroidetes and Nitrospirem. A number of rare and candidate bacterial groups were also detected, and Saprospirales, HOC36, SC-I-84 and Anaerospora were rarely detected in rice paddy soils. Venn diagram analysis showed that 174 bacterial OTUs were shared among the bulk soils with four pollution degrees. Rice rhizosphere soils displayed higher bacterial diversity indices （ACE and Chao 1） and more unique OTUs than bulk soils. Total Cd and Zn in the soils were significantly negatively correlated with ACE and Chao 1, respectively, and the Mantel test suggested that total Pb, total Zn, pH, total nitrogen and total phosphorus significantly affected the community structure. Overall, these results provided baseline data for the bacterial communities in bulk and rhizosphere soils of paddy fields contaminated with mixed heavy metals.展开更多
The pollution caused by agricultural production poses a threat to the ecological integrity of river ecosystems,altering the structure and function of river ecosystems.Differences in microbial community structure provi...The pollution caused by agricultural production poses a threat to the ecological integrity of river ecosystems,altering the structure and function of river ecosystems.Differences in microbial community structure provide useful information about the impact of agricultural pollution on the biological integrity of ecosystems,but generally convey little information regarding ecosystem functions.In this study,using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology based on the 16 S rRNA gene,river sediment samples associated with four different types of agricultural pollution were comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the total organic carbon(TOC)content was highest at the YZS site(animal husbandry sewage)among the assayed sites,but the species richness and uniformity were lowest at this site,which may have been caused by the high nutrient source of the sewage.Furthermore,in the three YZS samples affected by the long-term discharge of aquaculture tail-water,the unique genus Dechloromonas and the genus Candidatus-Competitor were observed,which are strongly correlated with phosphorus conversion.The formation of network modules may correspond to the coexistence of functional bacteria accustomed to multiple niche combinations under different agricultural pollution conditions in river sediments.According to the PICRUSt functional prediction,the bacterial community in the agricultural polluted river sediment primarily harbored 46 subfunctions,exhibiting richness of functions.Overall,our results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the structure and ecological processes associated with the aggregation of bacterial communities,which is beneficial for the management of river environments.展开更多
Corrosion, one of the most common problems of metal pipe for water supply, generally leads to poor water quality, bacteria proliferation, water capacity decrease and other problems. As microorganisms affect corrosion ...Corrosion, one of the most common problems of metal pipe for water supply, generally leads to poor water quality, bacteria proliferation, water capacity decrease and other problems. As microorganisms affect corrosion by changing the characteristics of metal surface, the mechanism of microbial corrosion still remains unclear. The corrosion behavior of ductile cast iron is implemented in the dynamic flow and static conditions, in which variations of water quality and microbial community are analyzed in details. The results show that if the corrosion rate of ductile cast iron decreases, the corrosion of cast iron will result in a lower DO and a higher total iron in bulk water. The number of microorganisms is not a decisive factor of corrosion, even though the counts of bacteria had a close relationship with DO. On the basis of the detection of the 10 kinds of nitratereducing bacteria by Miseq sequencing, NRB of the biofilm biomass accounts for 18.3% on the 30 th day and 20.5% on the 55 th day. Even though aerobic NRBs go into the biofilm later than the facultative anaerobic NRBs, the growth of the anaerobic NRBs is not affected.展开更多
The addition of biochar,sodium silicate,or earthworm is a feasible practice to repair soils disturbed by mining activities,and the reclamation is largely based on the alteration of the diversity and structure of soil ...The addition of biochar,sodium silicate,or earthworm is a feasible practice to repair soils disturbed by mining activities,and the reclamation is largely based on the alteration of the diversity and structure of soil bacteria.The objectives of this study were to assess the relative importance of these supplements on soil bacterial community diversity and structure in reclaimed mine areas.A field experiment with soybean was carried out in mining areas to assess the efficiency of nitrogen,phospho-rus and potassium(NPK)fertilizers plus those supplements on soil bacterial community structure and diversity by the 16S rRNA sequencing method.Soil chemical properties were analyzed to their effects on the bacterial community structure.The results showed that the application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(NPK)fertilizers significantly increased bacterial diversity,and a further increase was observed in NPK plus biochar,sodium silicate or earthworm addition.Furthermore,a higher number of genera were found in the NPK plus biochar and NPK plus earthworm treatments than that in the control,NPK and NPK plus sodium silicate treatments.The bacterial community was significantly associated with nutrients,such as carbon(C)and nitrogen(N).Moreover,soil organic carbon(SOC)and pH were the most dominant factors in shaping the soil bacterial community structure and diversity.Our data indicate that the addition of earthworms to soil rather than biochar and sodium silicate was the best strategy to mitigate the detrimental effects of mining activities on soil bacterial diversity.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51678334)
文摘The dynamic change of microbial community during sludge acclimation from aerobic to anaerobic in a MBR for coking wastewater treatment was revealed by Illumina Miseq sequencing in this study. The diversity of both Bacteria and Archaea showed an increase–decrease trajectory during acclimation, and exhibited the highest at the domestication interim. Ignavibacteria changed from a tiny minority（less than 1%） to the dominant bacterial group（54.0%） along with acclimation. The relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria kept relatively steady, as in this class some species increased coupled with some other species decreased during acclimation. The dominant Archaea shifted from Halobacteria in initial aerobic sludge to Methanobacteria in the acclimated anaerobic sludge. The dominant bacterial and archaeal groups in different acclimation stages were indigenous microorganisms in the initial sludge, though some of them were very rare. This study supported that the species in＂rare biosphere＂ might eventually become dominant in response to environmental change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2004121, 82070643, and U1904164)the Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory (JNL-2022015B and JNL-2022001A)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC2000500).
文摘Dear Editor,Alterations in the human microbiome are closely related to various hepatobiliary diseases.Gut microbial dysbiosis has been found in patients with cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)[1].However,the characteristics of oral microbiome in patients with CCA have not been studied.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD02003009-6 and 2016YFD0300806)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771327 and 41571219)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS04)
文摘Certain agricultural management practices are known to affect the soil microbial community structure;however,knowledge of the response of the fungal community structure to the long-term continuous cropping and rotation of soybean,maize and wheat in the same agroecosystem is limited.We assessed the fungal abundance,composition and diversity among soybean rotation,maize rotation and wheat rotation systems and among long-term continuous cropping systems of soybean,maize and wheat as the effect of crop types on fungal community structure.We compared these fungal parameters of same crop between long-term crop rotation and continuous cropping systems as the effect of cropping systems on fungal community structure.The fungal abundance and composition were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing.The results revealed that long-term continuous soybean cropping increased the soil fungal abundance compared with soybean rotation,and the fungal abundance was decreased in long-term continuous maize cropping compared with maize rotation.The long-term continuous soybean cropping also exhibited increased soil fungal diversity.The variation in the fungal community structure among the three crops was greater than that between long-term continuous cropping and rotation cropping.Mortierella,Guehomyces and Alternaria were the most important contributors to the dissimilarity of the fungal communities between the continuous cropping and rotation cropping of soybean,maize and wheat.There were 11 potential pathogen and 11 potential biocontrol fungi identified,and the relative abundance of most of the potential pathogenic fungi increased during the long-term continuous cropping of all three crops.The relative abundance of most biocontrol fungi increased in long-term continuous soybean cropping but decreased in long-term continuous maize and wheat cropping.Our results indicate that the response of the soil fungal community structure to long-term continuous cropping varies based upon crop types.
基金Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(Grant No.2017FY100100)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(Grant No.2019QZKK0502)+2 种基金the Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2018HB066)Yunnan Innovation Team Program for Conservation and Utilization of PSESP(Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations)(Grant No.2019HC015)Applied Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province(Grant No.2018BB010).
文摘Gene flow between sympatric congeneric plants is thought to be very common and may pose serious threats to endangered species.In the present study,we evaluate the genetic diversity and divergence of three sympatric Rhododendron species in Jiaozi Mountain using newly developed microsatellites through the Illumina MiSeq sequencing approach.Genetic diversity of all three Rhododendron species studied was moderate in comparison to genetic parameters previously reported from species of this genus.Interestingly,genetic structure analysis of the three species identified a possible hybrid origin of the threatened Rh.pubicostatum.This sympatry should be considered a unimodal hybrid zone,since Rh.pubicostatum is predominant here.Unimodal hybrid zones are uncommon in Rhododendron,despite the fact that hybridization frequently occurs in the genus.Issues pertaining to the conservation of Rh.pubicostatum resulting from admixture of genetic material from its parental species are discussed.
基金supported by Key laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering,the Ministry of Land and Resources(SXDJ2018-06)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41501271 and 41601339)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-10-B10)Support Plan on Youth Innovation Science and Technology for Higher Education of Shandong Province(2019KJD014).
文摘Soil fungi are extremely important for maintaining soil health and plant production in agricultural systems.Currently,the effect of continuous cropping of sweet potato on soil fungal communities and physiochemical parameters has not been well documented.In the present study,four sweet potato fields consecutively monocultured for 1,2,3,and 4 years were selected to investigate the effect of monoculture on soil fungal communities through Illumina MiSeq sequencing.Continuous cropping of sweet potatoes dramatically altered the fungal community composition,whereas fungal diversity was almost unchanged.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the most abundant phyla in all soil samples,accounting for 32.59%and 21.14%of the average relative abundance,respectively.The abundance of some potential pathogens,such as Ascobolus spp,specifically Ascobolus stercorarius,and some unknown fungi increased significantly as the sweet potato monoculture period increased,and their presence were highly positively correlated with disease incidence.In contrast,Basidiomycota,Bullera,Fusarium and Trichocladium most likely play roles as antagonists of sweet potato disease development,as their relative abundance decreased significantly over time and were negatively correlated with disease incidence.Redundancy and correlation analyses revealed that soil pH and organic carbon content were the most important factors driving these changes.Our findings provided a dynamic overview of the fungal community and presented a clear scope for screening beneficial fungi and pathogens of sweet potato.
基金Supported by the Key Program in the Youth Elite Support Plan in Universities of Anhui Province(No.gxyqZD2020046)the Key Program in the Key University Science Research Project of Anhui Province(No.KJ2020A0716)the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province(No.202004i07020010)。
文摘Ecological purification in a reservoir is an important strategy to control the level of nutrients in water.The bacterial community of such a reservoir is the main agent for pollutant degradation,which has not been fully documented.Taking the Jinze Reservoir,a freshwater source for Shanghai,China as the case,its spatial distributions of water and sediment bacteria were determined using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq sequencing,and the environmental parameters were analyzed.The reservoir takes natural river water and functions as an ecological purification system,consisting of three functional zones,i.e.,pretreatment zone,ecological purification zone,and ecological sustaining zone.Results show that the concentrations of both total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)decreased considerably after the ecological treatment,and the concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO)in the ecological purification zone was boosted from that before pretreatment.In addition,patterns of bacterial communities in both water and sediment were similar and consisted of mainly Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes.However,difference in water bacterial composition was distinct in each functional zone,whereas the bacterial communities in sediment changed only slightly among sediment samples.Network analysis revealed nonrandom co-occurrence patterns of bacterial community composition in water and sediment,and Pseudomonas,unclassified Comamonadaceae,Variovorax,and Dechloromonas were the key taxa in the co-occurrence network.The bacterial taxa from the same module of the network had strong ecological connections,participated in C-cycles,and shared common trophic properties.PICRUSt analysis showed that bacteria were involved potentially in various essential processes;and the abundance of predicted xenobiotic biodegradation genes showed a decreasing trend in water samples from the inlet to the outlet of the reservoir.These results improve our current knowledge of the spatial distribution of bacteria in water and sediment in ecological purification reservoirs.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program(Grant No.2012BAC04B02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51478378)
文摘In this study, the enclosure system exhibited perfect nitrogen removal performance with in situ oxygen-enhanced indigenous aerobic denitrifying bacteria in an enclosure experiment. We explored changes in the microbial community during the nitrogen removal process using the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results revealed a total of 7974 and 33653 operational taxonomic units(OTUs) for water and sediment systems, respectively, with 97% similarity. The OTUs were found to be affiliated with eight main phyla(Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria). The diversity of the enhanced system was found to be higher than that of the control system. Principal component analysis(PCA) revealed that significant spatial and temporal differences were exhibited in the microbial community during nitrogen removal in the enclosure experiment. Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that physical parameters(temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH), nitrogen(total nitrogen and nitrate), functional genes(nirK and nirS), and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) were the most important factors affecting bacterial community function and composition. Lastly, the results suggested that the variation in the microbial community could be analyzed through the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology,which may provide technical support for future field tests.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB15010103)the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41771284)China Biodiversity Observation Networks (Sino BON)
文摘Although soil bacteria play critical roles in agro-ecosystems, the knowledge of their response to long-term fertilization across the black soil region of Northeast China is limited. In this study, we sequenced 16 S rRNA genes to assess the effects of four long-term fertilization regimes—non-fertilization(NoF), chemical fertilizer(CF), manure(M), and chemical fertilizer plus manure(CFM)—on soil properties and bacterial communities in three locations, the northern, middle, and southern parts, across the black soil region. Results showed that the influence of fertilization regimes on soil properties varied significantly among the three locations. Manure fertilization significantly increased microbial biomass carbon and relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria. Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the total bacterial communities were separated into three groups according to the sampling location despite long-term fertilization, and that soil pH was the most important factor in shifting bacterial communities. In addition, similar fertilization regimes resulted in different influences on bacterial community composition, and the most influential soil properties varied among the three locations. Our results highlighted that geographical separation was a more dominant factor affecting bacterial communities than fertilization, and that long-term similar fertilization regimes did not induce consistent changes in bacterial community composition in the black soil region.
基金supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (No. 28100014)the Research and Development Office of the Education University of Hong Kong, China (No. RG84/2012-2013R)the NSFC-Guangdong United Foundation, China (No. U1501232)
文摘There is an increasing concern about rice （Oryza sativa L.） soil microbiomes under the influence of mixed heavy metal contamina- tion. We used the high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing approach to explore the bacterial diversity and community composition of soils in four paddy fields, exhibiting four degrees of mixed heavy metal （Cd, Pb and Zn） pollution, and examined the effects of these metals on the bacterial communities. Our results showed that up to 2 104 to 4 359 bacterial operational taxonomic units （OTUs） were found in the bulk and rhizosphere soils of the paddy fields, with the dominant bacterial phyla （greater than 1% of the overall community） including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chlorofiexi, Bacteroidetes and Nitrospirem. A number of rare and candidate bacterial groups were also detected, and Saprospirales, HOC36, SC-I-84 and Anaerospora were rarely detected in rice paddy soils. Venn diagram analysis showed that 174 bacterial OTUs were shared among the bulk soils with four pollution degrees. Rice rhizosphere soils displayed higher bacterial diversity indices （ACE and Chao 1） and more unique OTUs than bulk soils. Total Cd and Zn in the soils were significantly negatively correlated with ACE and Chao 1, respectively, and the Mantel test suggested that total Pb, total Zn, pH, total nitrogen and total phosphorus significantly affected the community structure. Overall, these results provided baseline data for the bacterial communities in bulk and rhizosphere soils of paddy fields contaminated with mixed heavy metals.
基金the Key University Science Research Project of Anhui Province(No.KJ2019A0641)the Key Research and development program of Anhui Province(No.202004i07020010)+1 种基金the Resistance in Winter Wheat Region in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River(No.2017YFD0100800)the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Research and Application Innovation Team Project of Aquaculture Water Environment(No.2020YL043)。
文摘The pollution caused by agricultural production poses a threat to the ecological integrity of river ecosystems,altering the structure and function of river ecosystems.Differences in microbial community structure provide useful information about the impact of agricultural pollution on the biological integrity of ecosystems,but generally convey little information regarding ecosystem functions.In this study,using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology based on the 16 S rRNA gene,river sediment samples associated with four different types of agricultural pollution were comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the total organic carbon(TOC)content was highest at the YZS site(animal husbandry sewage)among the assayed sites,but the species richness and uniformity were lowest at this site,which may have been caused by the high nutrient source of the sewage.Furthermore,in the three YZS samples affected by the long-term discharge of aquaculture tail-water,the unique genus Dechloromonas and the genus Candidatus-Competitor were observed,which are strongly correlated with phosphorus conversion.The formation of network modules may correspond to the coexistence of functional bacteria accustomed to multiple niche combinations under different agricultural pollution conditions in river sediments.According to the PICRUSt functional prediction,the bacterial community in the agricultural polluted river sediment primarily harbored 46 subfunctions,exhibiting richness of functions.Overall,our results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the structure and ecological processes associated with the aggregation of bacterial communities,which is beneficial for the management of river environments.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.2016TS02)the Heilongjiang Province Science Foundation for General Programme(No.E201427)the 13th Five-Year State's Key Research and Development Project(No.2016YFC0400605-01)
文摘Corrosion, one of the most common problems of metal pipe for water supply, generally leads to poor water quality, bacteria proliferation, water capacity decrease and other problems. As microorganisms affect corrosion by changing the characteristics of metal surface, the mechanism of microbial corrosion still remains unclear. The corrosion behavior of ductile cast iron is implemented in the dynamic flow and static conditions, in which variations of water quality and microbial community are analyzed in details. The results show that if the corrosion rate of ductile cast iron decreases, the corrosion of cast iron will result in a lower DO and a higher total iron in bulk water. The number of microorganisms is not a decisive factor of corrosion, even though the counts of bacteria had a close relationship with DO. On the basis of the detection of the 10 kinds of nitratereducing bacteria by Miseq sequencing, NRB of the biofilm biomass accounts for 18.3% on the 30 th day and 20.5% on the 55 th day. Even though aerobic NRBs go into the biofilm later than the facultative anaerobic NRBs, the growth of the anaerobic NRBs is not affected.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[31700091]National Key R&D Program of China[2017YFD0101500]+2 种基金The Central Government Forestry Science and Technology Promotion and Demonstration Projects[(2015)GDTK-08]Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project[2017KJCX033]the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province[2015A020209139,2015B020207002].
文摘The addition of biochar,sodium silicate,or earthworm is a feasible practice to repair soils disturbed by mining activities,and the reclamation is largely based on the alteration of the diversity and structure of soil bacteria.The objectives of this study were to assess the relative importance of these supplements on soil bacterial community diversity and structure in reclaimed mine areas.A field experiment with soybean was carried out in mining areas to assess the efficiency of nitrogen,phospho-rus and potassium(NPK)fertilizers plus those supplements on soil bacterial community structure and diversity by the 16S rRNA sequencing method.Soil chemical properties were analyzed to their effects on the bacterial community structure.The results showed that the application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(NPK)fertilizers significantly increased bacterial diversity,and a further increase was observed in NPK plus biochar,sodium silicate or earthworm addition.Furthermore,a higher number of genera were found in the NPK plus biochar and NPK plus earthworm treatments than that in the control,NPK and NPK plus sodium silicate treatments.The bacterial community was significantly associated with nutrients,such as carbon(C)and nitrogen(N).Moreover,soil organic carbon(SOC)and pH were the most dominant factors in shaping the soil bacterial community structure and diversity.Our data indicate that the addition of earthworms to soil rather than biochar and sodium silicate was the best strategy to mitigate the detrimental effects of mining activities on soil bacterial diversity.
