为降低中点箝位型(neutral point clamped,NPC)三电平整流器的电流谐波,在dq同步旋转坐标系下推导出带中点电压耦合项的NPC三电平整流器数学模型,并分析中点电压对电流控制的影响。对模型中的中点电压耦合项和交流侧等效电阻会增大电流...为降低中点箝位型(neutral point clamped,NPC)三电平整流器的电流谐波,在dq同步旋转坐标系下推导出带中点电压耦合项的NPC三电平整流器数学模型,并分析中点电压对电流控制的影响。对模型中的中点电压耦合项和交流侧等效电阻会增大电流谐波及无法通过常规方法进行准确估计的问题,设计一种混合参数自适应的迭代学习控制方法,以进行解耦控制并消除不确定参数的影响。通过构造Lyapunov函数和理论推导验证控制方法的稳定性。在整流器硬件平台上进行试验验证,结果表明,所设计的控制方法可有效降低电流谐波。展开更多
Objective: The study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of Ganoderic acid A (GAA) in renal fibrosisand to verify that GAA can ameliorate renal fibrosis by regulating the Niemann-pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) gene. Meth...Objective: The study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of Ganoderic acid A (GAA) in renal fibrosisand to verify that GAA can ameliorate renal fibrosis by regulating the Niemann-pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) gene. Methods:Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) was used to treat Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells to establish a renal fibrosismodel. The differentially expressed genes in the control (CTRL) group, TGF-β1 group, and TGF-β1 + GAA group werescreened via transcriptome sequencing technology and verified by qPCR and Western blot experiments. The NPC1L1gene overexpression plasmid was constructed. The expression levels of N-cad, E-cad, and Slug-related proteins inCTRL, TGF-β1, TGF-β1+GAA (25 μg/mL), and TGF-β1+GAA (25 μg/mL) + NPC1L1 Overexpression (OE) groupswere detected by qPCR and Western blot analysis. Western blot analysis was used to identify the extracellular matrixassociated proteins Tenascin-C, α-SMA, and fibrosis-related protein Collagen I. Fibrosis marker protein Fibronectinwas detected and quantified by immunofluorescence. Results: Transcriptomic sequencing revealed that TGF-β1stimulation led to 267 differentially regulated genes, with 118 up-regulated and 149 down-regulated, while furthermodulation of 213 genes, comprising 112 up-regulated and 101 down-regulated genes, was observed in the GAAintervention group. The target gene in these processes was found to be NPC1L1 by investigations using GeneOntology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). qPCR and Western blot resultsconfirmed that TGF-β1 increased NPC1L1 expression, which was attenuated by GAA. Additionally, TGF-β1upregulated N-cad and Slug. However, GAA reversed this effect and NPC1L1 overexpression partially rescued theGAA effect. TGF-β1 also decreased E-cad expression, reversed by GAA, and NPC1L1 overexpression antagonized thisreversal. Furthermore, TGF-β1 promoted Collagen I, α-SMA, and Tenascin-C expression, and GAA reduced theselevels, effects that were reversed by NPC1L1 overexpression. Immunofluorescence results showed that TGF-β1increased fibronectin expression, which was decreased by GAA, and increased by NPC1L1 overexpression.Conclusion: GAA ameliorates renal fibrosis by antagonizing NPC1L1 gene expression inhibiting epithelialmesenchymal transition and reducing extracellular matrix formation.展开更多
为进一步提高中点电压钳制(neutral point clamped,NPC)H桥级联五电平逆变器的动态响应、降低控制器计算负担的同时确保装置低损耗运行,文中在电压矢量矩形区域分类的基础上,提出一种以满足动态响应和降低开关损耗为目标的两级优化模型...为进一步提高中点电压钳制(neutral point clamped,NPC)H桥级联五电平逆变器的动态响应、降低控制器计算负担的同时确保装置低损耗运行,文中在电压矢量矩形区域分类的基础上,提出一种以满足动态响应和降低开关损耗为目标的两级优化模型预测电压控制策略。首先根据逆变器数学模型和期望电流进行目标电压矢量计算、修正,接着基于矩形区域分类对目标电压矢量进行定位;并以定位后的候选矢量为基础,设计了两级优化目标函数以输出满足要求的最优矢量。仿真和实验结果验证了该方法的有效性,与空间矢量脉宽调制以及传统模型预测电流、电压控制策略相比,该文所研究的两级优化模型预测电压控制策略,在确保逆变器动态响应的前提下既能降低控制器计算负担,还能有效减少器件开关损耗。展开更多
Castor,scientifically known as Ricinus communis L.,is among the top ten oil crops globally.It is considered a renewable resource and is commonly referred to as‘green oil’.Castor seeds contain castor oil as their mai...Castor,scientifically known as Ricinus communis L.,is among the top ten oil crops globally.It is considered a renewable resource and is commonly referred to as‘green oil’.Castor seeds contain castor oil as their main component,which is predominantly composed of ricinoleic acid.This study utilized RNAi technology to silence the NPC6 gene in NO.2129 castor,resulting in the creation of mutant plants L1 and L2.The weight of 100 dry seed kernels from L1 and L2 exceeds that from NO.2129.The crude fat and ricinoleic acid levels of L1 and L2 were higher than those of NO.2129 at various developmental stages.In the proteomics analysis of 60-day-old castor seeds,a total of 21 differentially expressed proteins were identified,out of which 19 were successfully recognized.Eleven of the differentially expressed proteins identified were legumins,which play a crucial role in nutrient storage within the seed.Silencing the NPC6 gene results in the accumulation of ricinoleic acid in castor seeds.The findings of this study not only enhance our knowledge of NPC6’s role in regulating castor seed oil synthesis but also offer fresh perspectives for investigating oil synthesis and accumulation in other plant species.展开更多
以中点钳位型H(neutral point clamped H,NPC/H)桥逆变器为对象,研究该拓扑调制策略中存在的算法繁琐、直流侧电容电压波动问题。在分析了NPC/H桥五电平逆变器主电路工作原理的基础上,为简化空间矢量脉宽调制(spacevector pulsewidthmod...以中点钳位型H(neutral point clamped H,NPC/H)桥逆变器为对象,研究该拓扑调制策略中存在的算法繁琐、直流侧电容电压波动问题。在分析了NPC/H桥五电平逆变器主电路工作原理的基础上,为简化空间矢量脉宽调制(spacevector pulsewidthmodulation,SVPWM)算法和抑制低开关频率下逆变器输出畸变,设计了一种基于g-h坐标系的三段式SVPWM算法。该算法开关状态选择灵活,具有开关损耗低、谐波性能好的特点。基于SVPWM算法,分析直流侧电容电压波动原因,根据电流方向和电容电压差,合理选择左、右桥臂的开关状态,平衡电容中点电位。搭建Simulink仿真模型,对比不同开关频率和不同调制度下逆变器输出性能,验证了三段式开关序列在低开关频率工况下的明显优势。基于以数字信号处理器和现场可编程门阵列(digital singnal processor and field-programmable gate array,DSP&FPGA)为控制器的NPC/H桥五电平逆变器实验平台,验证了三段式SVPWM策略和中点电位控制方法的有效性。展开更多
文摘为降低中点箝位型(neutral point clamped,NPC)三电平整流器的电流谐波,在dq同步旋转坐标系下推导出带中点电压耦合项的NPC三电平整流器数学模型,并分析中点电压对电流控制的影响。对模型中的中点电压耦合项和交流侧等效电阻会增大电流谐波及无法通过常规方法进行准确估计的问题,设计一种混合参数自适应的迭代学习控制方法,以进行解耦控制并消除不确定参数的影响。通过构造Lyapunov函数和理论推导验证控制方法的稳定性。在整流器硬件平台上进行试验验证,结果表明,所设计的控制方法可有效降低电流谐波。
基金sponsored by KeyResearch and Development Project of Science andTechnology Department of Tibet (No. XZ202201ZY0033G).
文摘Objective: The study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of Ganoderic acid A (GAA) in renal fibrosisand to verify that GAA can ameliorate renal fibrosis by regulating the Niemann-pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) gene. Methods:Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) was used to treat Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells to establish a renal fibrosismodel. The differentially expressed genes in the control (CTRL) group, TGF-β1 group, and TGF-β1 + GAA group werescreened via transcriptome sequencing technology and verified by qPCR and Western blot experiments. The NPC1L1gene overexpression plasmid was constructed. The expression levels of N-cad, E-cad, and Slug-related proteins inCTRL, TGF-β1, TGF-β1+GAA (25 μg/mL), and TGF-β1+GAA (25 μg/mL) + NPC1L1 Overexpression (OE) groupswere detected by qPCR and Western blot analysis. Western blot analysis was used to identify the extracellular matrixassociated proteins Tenascin-C, α-SMA, and fibrosis-related protein Collagen I. Fibrosis marker protein Fibronectinwas detected and quantified by immunofluorescence. Results: Transcriptomic sequencing revealed that TGF-β1stimulation led to 267 differentially regulated genes, with 118 up-regulated and 149 down-regulated, while furthermodulation of 213 genes, comprising 112 up-regulated and 101 down-regulated genes, was observed in the GAAintervention group. The target gene in these processes was found to be NPC1L1 by investigations using GeneOntology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). qPCR and Western blot resultsconfirmed that TGF-β1 increased NPC1L1 expression, which was attenuated by GAA. Additionally, TGF-β1upregulated N-cad and Slug. However, GAA reversed this effect and NPC1L1 overexpression partially rescued theGAA effect. TGF-β1 also decreased E-cad expression, reversed by GAA, and NPC1L1 overexpression antagonized thisreversal. Furthermore, TGF-β1 promoted Collagen I, α-SMA, and Tenascin-C expression, and GAA reduced theselevels, effects that were reversed by NPC1L1 overexpression. Immunofluorescence results showed that TGF-β1increased fibronectin expression, which was decreased by GAA, and increased by NPC1L1 overexpression.Conclusion: GAA ameliorates renal fibrosis by antagonizing NPC1L1 gene expression inhibiting epithelialmesenchymal transition and reducing extracellular matrix formation.
文摘虚拟同步机VSG(virtual synchronous generator)通过模拟同步机特性为新能源并网提供惯性和阻尼。然而,电力电子开关器件高频开关过程中可能会发生断路故障,导致输出电流波形严重畸变,影响电网安全稳定运行。针对中点箝位型NPC(neutral point clamped)三电平VSG桥臂故障问题,提出一种中点电压均衡的VSG容错模型预测控制策略。分析NPC三电平VSG单相桥臂故障后运行机理,在开关器件故障后利用直流侧电容组成虚拟桥臂,重构为VSG桥臂故障容错结构。建立故障情况下预测电流模型,重构故障状态空间电压矢量,将直流侧中点电容电压引入容错模型代价函数,减小电容电压波动,实现VSG桥臂故障容错运行。实验结果表明,在开关器件发生故障后,NPC三电平VSG能容错连续运行,验证了所提模型预测容错控制策略的有效性,提高了VSG运行可靠性。
文摘为进一步提高中点电压钳制(neutral point clamped,NPC)H桥级联五电平逆变器的动态响应、降低控制器计算负担的同时确保装置低损耗运行,文中在电压矢量矩形区域分类的基础上,提出一种以满足动态响应和降低开关损耗为目标的两级优化模型预测电压控制策略。首先根据逆变器数学模型和期望电流进行目标电压矢量计算、修正,接着基于矩形区域分类对目标电压矢量进行定位;并以定位后的候选矢量为基础,设计了两级优化目标函数以输出满足要求的最优矢量。仿真和实验结果验证了该方法的有效性,与空间矢量脉宽调制以及传统模型预测电流、电压控制策略相比,该文所研究的两级优化模型预测电压控制策略,在确保逆变器动态响应的前提下既能降低控制器计算负担,还能有效减少器件开关损耗。
基金supported by the following agencies:Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (YDZJ202201ZYTS453)Scientific Research Project of the Jilin Provincial Department of Education (JJKH20220010KJ)+6 种基金supported by Program for Innovative Research Team of Baicheng Normal University,National Natural Science Foundation of China (31860071)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation Project (2021MS03008)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Grassland Talent Innovation Team (2022)2022 Basic Scientific Research Business Cost Project of Universities Directly under the Autonomous Region (237)Open Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Castor Industry Collaborative Innovation Center (MDK2021011,MDK2022014,MDK2022008,MDK2021008,MDK2022009)Fundamental Research Funds for Universities Directly under the Autonomous Region in 2023 of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (225,227,243,244)New Agricultural Science Research and Reform Practice Project of the Ministry of Education (2020114)。
文摘Castor,scientifically known as Ricinus communis L.,is among the top ten oil crops globally.It is considered a renewable resource and is commonly referred to as‘green oil’.Castor seeds contain castor oil as their main component,which is predominantly composed of ricinoleic acid.This study utilized RNAi technology to silence the NPC6 gene in NO.2129 castor,resulting in the creation of mutant plants L1 and L2.The weight of 100 dry seed kernels from L1 and L2 exceeds that from NO.2129.The crude fat and ricinoleic acid levels of L1 and L2 were higher than those of NO.2129 at various developmental stages.In the proteomics analysis of 60-day-old castor seeds,a total of 21 differentially expressed proteins were identified,out of which 19 were successfully recognized.Eleven of the differentially expressed proteins identified were legumins,which play a crucial role in nutrient storage within the seed.Silencing the NPC6 gene results in the accumulation of ricinoleic acid in castor seeds.The findings of this study not only enhance our knowledge of NPC6’s role in regulating castor seed oil synthesis but also offer fresh perspectives for investigating oil synthesis and accumulation in other plant species.
