This paper presents a study on the concur- rent topology optimization of a structure and its material microstructure. A modified optimization model is proposed by introducing microstructure orientation angles as a new...This paper presents a study on the concur- rent topology optimization of a structure and its material microstructure. A modified optimization model is proposed by introducing microstructure orientation angles as a new type of design variable. The new model is based on the assumptions that a structure is made of a material with the same microstructure, and the material may have a different orientation within the design domain of the structure. The homogenization theory is applied to link the material and structure scales. An additional post-processing technique is developed for modifying the obtained design to avoid local optima caused by the use of orientation angle variables. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the viabil- ity and effectiveness of the proposed model. It is found that significant improvement in structural performance can be achieved by optimizing the orientation of microstructures in concurrent topology optimization of structures and materials.展开更多
The reasonable marketing orientation is related to the survival and the development of the enterprises. According to the disadvantages and superiority of the middle and small sized enterprises of our country, this pap...The reasonable marketing orientation is related to the survival and the development of the enterprises. According to the disadvantages and superiority of the middle and small sized enterprises of our country, this paper analyzes the new thought about the marketing orientation from the aspects of marketing product orientation, marketing way orientation, marketing target orientation, marketing strategy orientation and marketing idea orientation. It has great theoretical and practical significance.展开更多
The learning strategies used by the successful language learners are not always the right ones for all language learners. The individual distinctions of personality, affective domain, cognition and behaviorism all lea...The learning strategies used by the successful language learners are not always the right ones for all language learners. The individual distinctions of personality, affective domain, cognition and behaviorism all lead to the different personal styles in language learning. Language learners must choose the strategies, which are appropriate for their styles.展开更多
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, China (Grant GZ1305)
文摘This paper presents a study on the concur- rent topology optimization of a structure and its material microstructure. A modified optimization model is proposed by introducing microstructure orientation angles as a new type of design variable. The new model is based on the assumptions that a structure is made of a material with the same microstructure, and the material may have a different orientation within the design domain of the structure. The homogenization theory is applied to link the material and structure scales. An additional post-processing technique is developed for modifying the obtained design to avoid local optima caused by the use of orientation angle variables. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the viabil- ity and effectiveness of the proposed model. It is found that significant improvement in structural performance can be achieved by optimizing the orientation of microstructures in concurrent topology optimization of structures and materials.
文摘The reasonable marketing orientation is related to the survival and the development of the enterprises. According to the disadvantages and superiority of the middle and small sized enterprises of our country, this paper analyzes the new thought about the marketing orientation from the aspects of marketing product orientation, marketing way orientation, marketing target orientation, marketing strategy orientation and marketing idea orientation. It has great theoretical and practical significance.
文摘The learning strategies used by the successful language learners are not always the right ones for all language learners. The individual distinctions of personality, affective domain, cognition and behaviorism all lead to the different personal styles in language learning. Language learners must choose the strategies, which are appropriate for their styles.
