PAD4 is a promising epigenetic drug target for various cancers and immune diseases. In this work, we applied a Cu-catalyzed C–H arylation reaction of N-heteroarene to the synthesis of complex non-covalent PAD4 inhibi...PAD4 is a promising epigenetic drug target for various cancers and immune diseases. In this work, we applied a Cu-catalyzed C–H arylation reaction of N-heteroarene to the synthesis of complex non-covalent PAD4 inhibitors bearing a bi-heteroaryl pharmacophore. This strategy allowed us to access various analogs of C_2-aryl substituted benzimidazoles from a common benzimidazole core and easily accessible aryl iodides. Preliminary SAR studies revealed the indole motif of GSK-484 is critical to its activity. Replacing the N-cyclopropylmethyl group to N-benzyl group on the indole ring of GSK-484 resulted in more than5-fold increase in cell killing efficacy against 4T1 cell line.展开更多
为明确the new Pad、iPhone4s是否具备专业显示设备的显示性能,以液晶专业显示器A为参考,对这3个显示设备的时间稳定性、不同亮度下不同颜色显示的空间均匀性、不同亮度下色域覆盖率、色品恒定性、通道相加性、设备色域6个方面的性能进...为明确the new Pad、iPhone4s是否具备专业显示设备的显示性能,以液晶专业显示器A为参考,对这3个显示设备的时间稳定性、不同亮度下不同颜色显示的空间均匀性、不同亮度下色域覆盖率、色品恒定性、通道相加性、设备色域6个方面的性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:iPhone4s在时间稳定性、颜色显示的空间均匀性以及色域覆盖率的稳定性方面优于the new Pad;the new Pad在通道可加性、色品恒定性方面优于iPhone4s;3个显示设备中the new Pad的色域覆盖率最大,iPhone4s的最小;the new Pad各项性能与专业显示器A的相近。The new Pad基本达到专业显示设备的显示性能要求,可作为专业显示设备的辅助设备使用,iPhone4s没有达到专业显示设备的显示性能要求,不适合作为专业显示设备的辅助设备使用。展开更多
Objective： The aim of the research was to study peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 （PAD4/PADI4） expression and its tumodgenic mechanism in hepatocellular carcinomas. Methods： Expressions of PADI4 and p53 were inves...Objective： The aim of the research was to study peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 （PAD4/PADI4） expression and its tumodgenic mechanism in hepatocellular carcinomas. Methods： Expressions of PADI4 and p53 were investigated in tumors and non-tumor tissues by Western blot in patients with hepatocellular carcinomas. We constructed plasmid of PADI4-Flag and transfected it in Hela cells to investigate the mechanism. Results： Western blot analysis showed higher PADI4 expression in hepatocellular carcinomas than in the surrounding healthy tissues. Furthermore, by Western blot, we detected decreased p53 levels in the tumor tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinomas compared to surrounding healthy tissues. In Hela cells transfected with PcDNA3.0-Flag-PADI4 plasmid, the expression of p53 decreased obviously. Conclusion： Our results suggest that PADI4 elevated in the tissues of hepatocellular carcinomas and induced tumorigenic by down-regulating p53 expression.展开更多
Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)receptors with an N-terminal Toll/Interleukin-1 recep-tor(TIR)domain detect pathogen effectors to produce TIR-catalyzed signaling molecules for activation...Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)receptors with an N-terminal Toll/Interleukin-1 recep-tor(TIR)domain detect pathogen effectors to produce TIR-catalyzed signaling molecules for activation of plant immunity.Plant immune signaling by TIR-containing NLR(TNL)proteins converges on Enhanced Disease Suscepti-bility 1(EDS1)and its direct partners Phytoalexin Deficient 4(PAD4)or Senescence-Associated Gene 101(SAG101).TNL signaling also require helper NLRs N requirement gene 1(NRG1)and activated disease resistance 1(ADR1).In two recent remarkable papers published in Science,the authors show that the TIR-containing proteins catalyze and produce two types of signaling molecules,ADPr-ATP/diADPR and pRib-AMP/ADP.Importantly,they demonstrate that EDS1-SAG101 and EDS1-PAD4 modules are the receptor complexes for ADPr-ATP/diADPRp and Rib-AMP/ADP,respec-tively,which allosterically promote EDS1-SAG101 interaction with NRG1 and EDS1-PAD4 interaction with ADR1.Thus,two different small molecules catalyzed by TIR-containing proteins selectively activate the downstream two distinct branches of EDS1-mediated immune signalings.These breakthrough studies significantly advance our understanding of TNL downstream signaling pathway.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21502098,21672105,21725204,91753124)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(17JCYBJC19700,18JCZDJC32800)+1 种基金Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technologythe State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry at Nankai University
文摘PAD4 is a promising epigenetic drug target for various cancers and immune diseases. In this work, we applied a Cu-catalyzed C–H arylation reaction of N-heteroarene to the synthesis of complex non-covalent PAD4 inhibitors bearing a bi-heteroaryl pharmacophore. This strategy allowed us to access various analogs of C_2-aryl substituted benzimidazoles from a common benzimidazole core and easily accessible aryl iodides. Preliminary SAR studies revealed the indole motif of GSK-484 is critical to its activity. Replacing the N-cyclopropylmethyl group to N-benzyl group on the indole ring of GSK-484 resulted in more than5-fold increase in cell killing efficacy against 4T1 cell line.
文摘为明确the new Pad、iPhone4s是否具备专业显示设备的显示性能,以液晶专业显示器A为参考,对这3个显示设备的时间稳定性、不同亮度下不同颜色显示的空间均匀性、不同亮度下色域覆盖率、色品恒定性、通道相加性、设备色域6个方面的性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:iPhone4s在时间稳定性、颜色显示的空间均匀性以及色域覆盖率的稳定性方面优于the new Pad;the new Pad在通道可加性、色品恒定性方面优于iPhone4s;3个显示设备中the new Pad的色域覆盖率最大,iPhone4s的最小;the new Pad各项性能与专业显示器A的相近。The new Pad基本达到专业显示设备的显示性能要求,可作为专业显示设备的辅助设备使用,iPhone4s没有达到专业显示设备的显示性能要求,不适合作为专业显示设备的辅助设备使用。
文摘Objective： The aim of the research was to study peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 （PAD4/PADI4） expression and its tumodgenic mechanism in hepatocellular carcinomas. Methods： Expressions of PADI4 and p53 were investigated in tumors and non-tumor tissues by Western blot in patients with hepatocellular carcinomas. We constructed plasmid of PADI4-Flag and transfected it in Hela cells to investigate the mechanism. Results： Western blot analysis showed higher PADI4 expression in hepatocellular carcinomas than in the surrounding healthy tissues. Furthermore, by Western blot, we detected decreased p53 levels in the tumor tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinomas compared to surrounding healthy tissues. In Hela cells transfected with PcDNA3.0-Flag-PADI4 plasmid, the expression of p53 decreased obviously. Conclusion： Our results suggest that PADI4 elevated in the tissues of hepatocellular carcinomas and induced tumorigenic by down-regulating p53 expression.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31925032 and 31870143).
文摘Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)receptors with an N-terminal Toll/Interleukin-1 recep-tor(TIR)domain detect pathogen effectors to produce TIR-catalyzed signaling molecules for activation of plant immunity.Plant immune signaling by TIR-containing NLR(TNL)proteins converges on Enhanced Disease Suscepti-bility 1(EDS1)and its direct partners Phytoalexin Deficient 4(PAD4)or Senescence-Associated Gene 101(SAG101).TNL signaling also require helper NLRs N requirement gene 1(NRG1)and activated disease resistance 1(ADR1).In two recent remarkable papers published in Science,the authors show that the TIR-containing proteins catalyze and produce two types of signaling molecules,ADPr-ATP/diADPR and pRib-AMP/ADP.Importantly,they demonstrate that EDS1-SAG101 and EDS1-PAD4 modules are the receptor complexes for ADPr-ATP/diADPRp and Rib-AMP/ADP,respec-tively,which allosterically promote EDS1-SAG101 interaction with NRG1 and EDS1-PAD4 interaction with ADR1.Thus,two different small molecules catalyzed by TIR-containing proteins selectively activate the downstream two distinct branches of EDS1-mediated immune signalings.These breakthrough studies significantly advance our understanding of TNL downstream signaling pathway.
