[Objective] The aim of this study was to increase the viability of sheep oocytes in vitro by using phosphodiesterase type 3（PDE 3） inhibitor milrinone combined with brilliant cresyl blue（BCB） staining.[Method] The...[Objective] The aim of this study was to increase the viability of sheep oocytes in vitro by using phosphodiesterase type 3（PDE 3） inhibitor milrinone combined with brilliant cresyl blue（BCB） staining.[Method] The differences between BCB tested and morphologically selected oocytes,as well as the effect of them on embryo development were compared;and then suitable inhibitive time of milrinone to sheep oocytes in vitro was studied and used in BCB-oocytes for in vitro embryo production（IVEP）.[Result] The BCB＋ oocytes percentage in A-and B-level sheep oocytes was 64.42%,which was extremely significantly higher than that in C-level（17.0%）.The maturing rate,cleavage rate and blastocyst rate of BCB＋ oocytes（86.16%,85.29% and 34.40%） of was significantly higher than those of BCB-oocytes（50.94%,36.19% and 6.73%）.The best time for PDE 3 inhibitor delaying the sheep oocyte mature in vitro was 6 h.In addition,the rate of embryo development in vitro could be significantly increased by inhibiting the BCB-oocytes for 6 h with Milrinone.[Conclusion] The study will provide reference for improving the efficiency of sheep oocytes culture in vitro.展开更多
A family of high-order accuracy explict difference schemes for solving 3-dimension parabolic P. D. E. is constructed. The stability condition is r = Deltat/Deltax(2) Deltat/Deltay(2) = Deltat/Deltaz(2) < 1/2 ,and t...A family of high-order accuracy explict difference schemes for solving 3-dimension parabolic P. D. E. is constructed. The stability condition is r = Deltat/Deltax(2) Deltat/Deltay(2) = Deltat/Deltaz(2) < 1/2 ,and the truncation error is 0(<Delta>t(2) + Deltax(4)).展开更多
A second order accurate method in the infinity norm is proposed for general three dimensional anisotropic elliptic interface problems in which the solution and its derivatives,the coefficients,and source terms all can...A second order accurate method in the infinity norm is proposed for general three dimensional anisotropic elliptic interface problems in which the solution and its derivatives,the coefficients,and source terms all can have finite jumps across one or several arbitrary smooth interfaces.The method is based on the 2D finite element-finite difference(FEFD)method but with substantial differences in method derivation,implementation,and convergence analysis.One of challenges is to derive 3D interface relations since there is no invariance anymore under coordinate system transforms for the partial differential equations and the jump conditions.A finite element discretization whose coefficient matrix is a symmetric semi-positive definite is used away from the interface;and the maximum preserving finite difference discretization whose coefficient matrix part is an M-matrix is constructed at irregular elements where the interface cuts through.We aim to get a sharp interface method that can have second order accuracy in the point-wise norm.We show the convergence analysis by splitting errors into several parts.Nontrivial numerical examples are presented to confirm the convergence analysis.展开更多
A new class of three-variable orthogonal polynomials, defined as eigenfunctions of a second order PDE operator, is studied. These polynomials are orthogonal over a curved tetrahedron region, which can be seen as a map...A new class of three-variable orthogonal polynomials, defined as eigenfunctions of a second order PDE operator, is studied. These polynomials are orthogonal over a curved tetrahedron region, which can be seen as a mapping from a traditional tetrahedron, and can be taken as an extension of the 2-D Steiner domain. The polynomials can be viewed as Jacobi polynomials on such a domain. Three-term relations are derived explicitly. The number of the individual terms, involved in the recurrences relations, are shown to be independent on the total degree of the polynomials. The numbers now are determined to be five and seven, with respect to two conjugate variables z, $ \bar z $ and a real variable r, respectively. Three examples are discussed in details, which can be regarded as the analogues of the Chebyshev polynomials of the first and the second kinds, and Legendre polynomials.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang AutonomousRegion (200821182 )Science and Technology Research andDevelopment Program of Xinjiang Autonomous Region (200841122)+1 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Xinjiang AutonomousRegion (200711104)the National Transgenic Major Program~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to increase the viability of sheep oocytes in vitro by using phosphodiesterase type 3（PDE 3） inhibitor milrinone combined with brilliant cresyl blue（BCB） staining.[Method] The differences between BCB tested and morphologically selected oocytes,as well as the effect of them on embryo development were compared;and then suitable inhibitive time of milrinone to sheep oocytes in vitro was studied and used in BCB-oocytes for in vitro embryo production（IVEP）.[Result] The BCB＋ oocytes percentage in A-and B-level sheep oocytes was 64.42%,which was extremely significantly higher than that in C-level（17.0%）.The maturing rate,cleavage rate and blastocyst rate of BCB＋ oocytes（86.16%,85.29% and 34.40%） of was significantly higher than those of BCB-oocytes（50.94%,36.19% and 6.73%）.The best time for PDE 3 inhibitor delaying the sheep oocyte mature in vitro was 6 h.In addition,the rate of embryo development in vitro could be significantly increased by inhibiting the BCB-oocytes for 6 h with Milrinone.[Conclusion] The study will provide reference for improving the efficiency of sheep oocytes culture in vitro.
文摘A family of high-order accuracy explict difference schemes for solving 3-dimension parabolic P. D. E. is constructed. The stability condition is r = Deltat/Deltax(2) Deltat/Deltay(2) = Deltat/Deltaz(2) < 1/2 ,and the truncation error is 0(<Delta>t(2) + Deltax(4)).
基金Zhilin Li is partially supported by Simon’s grant 633724.Xiufang Feng is partially supported by CNSF Grant No.11961054Baiying Dong is partially supported by Ningxia Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No.2021AAC03234.
文摘A second order accurate method in the infinity norm is proposed for general three dimensional anisotropic elliptic interface problems in which the solution and its derivatives,the coefficients,and source terms all can have finite jumps across one or several arbitrary smooth interfaces.The method is based on the 2D finite element-finite difference(FEFD)method but with substantial differences in method derivation,implementation,and convergence analysis.One of challenges is to derive 3D interface relations since there is no invariance anymore under coordinate system transforms for the partial differential equations and the jump conditions.A finite element discretization whose coefficient matrix is a symmetric semi-positive definite is used away from the interface;and the maximum preserving finite difference discretization whose coefficient matrix part is an M-matrix is constructed at irregular elements where the interface cuts through.We aim to get a sharp interface method that can have second order accuracy in the point-wise norm.We show the convergence analysis by splitting errors into several parts.Nontrivial numerical examples are presented to confirm the convergence analysis.
基金the Major Basic Project of China(Grant No.2005CB321702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10431050,60573023)
文摘A new class of three-variable orthogonal polynomials, defined as eigenfunctions of a second order PDE operator, is studied. These polynomials are orthogonal over a curved tetrahedron region, which can be seen as a mapping from a traditional tetrahedron, and can be taken as an extension of the 2-D Steiner domain. The polynomials can be viewed as Jacobi polynomials on such a domain. Three-term relations are derived explicitly. The number of the individual terms, involved in the recurrences relations, are shown to be independent on the total degree of the polynomials. The numbers now are determined to be five and seven, with respect to two conjugate variables z, $ \bar z $ and a real variable r, respectively. Three examples are discussed in details, which can be regarded as the analogues of the Chebyshev polynomials of the first and the second kinds, and Legendre polynomials.
