The results of pot and pond trials are as follows.On equal amount of nitrogen(N)applied,the wheat nitrate reduction activity(NRA)and photosynthesis strength and other phy-siological properties are stronger and yields ...The results of pot and pond trials are as follows.On equal amount of nitrogen(N)applied,the wheat nitrate reduction activity(NRA)and photosynthesis strength and other phy-siological properties are stronger and yields are higher at normal soil moisture than those atdrought.At the same soil moisture,in a certain range of N applied,these properties of wheat in-crease with the increasing of N applied,but they descend when the amount of N applied exceedsa certain range.展开更多
In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases.Currently,...In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases.Currently,implantable electrochemical microsensors have emerged as a prominent area of research.These microsensors not only fulfill the technical requirements for monitoring animal physiological information but also offer an ideal platform for integration.They have been extensively studied for their ability to monitor animal physiological information in a minimally invasive manner,characterized by their bloodless,painless features,and exceptional performance.The development of implantable electrochemical microsensors for in vivo monitoring of animal physiological information has witnessed significant scientific and technological advancements through dedicated efforts.This review commenced with a comprehensive discussion of the construction of microsensors,including the materials utilized and the methods employed for fabrication.Following this,we proceeded to explore the various implantation technologies employed for electrochemical microsensors.In addition,a comprehensive overview was provided of the various applications of implantable electrochemical microsensors,specifically in the monitoring of diseases and the investigation of disease mechanisms.Lastly,a concise conclusion was conducted on the recent advancements and significant obstacles pertaining to the practical implementation of implantable electrochemical microsensors.展开更多
This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design co...This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design considerations,such as biological constraints,energy sourcing,and wireless communication,are discussed in achieving the desired performance of the devices and enhanced interface with human tissues.In addition,we review the recent achievements in materials used for developing implantable systems,emphasizing their importance in achieving multi-functionalities,biocompatibility,and hemocompatibility.The wireless,batteryless devices offer minimally invasive device insertion to the body,enabling portable health monitoring and advanced disease diagnosis.Lastly,we summarize the most recent practical applications of advanced implantable devices for human health care,highlighting their potential for immediate commercialization and clinical uses.展开更多
Alginate oligosaccharides(AOS)enhance drought resistance in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),but the definite mechanisms remain largely unknown.The physiological and transcriptome responses of wheat seedlings treated with ...Alginate oligosaccharides(AOS)enhance drought resistance in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),but the definite mechanisms remain largely unknown.The physiological and transcriptome responses of wheat seedlings treated with AOS were analyzed under drought stress simulated with polyethylene glycol-6000.The results showed that AOS promoted the growth of wheat seedlings and reduced oxidative damage by improving peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities under drought stress.A total of 10,064 and 15,208 differentially expressed unigenes(DEGs)obtained from the AOS treatment and control samples at 24 and 72 h after dehydration,respectively,were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites(phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,flavonoid biosynthesis),carbohydrate metabolism(starch and sucrose metabolism,carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms),lipid metabolism(fatty acid elongation,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,alpha-linolenic acid metabolism,cutin,suberine and wax biosynthesis),and signaling transduction pathways.The up-regulated genes were related to,for example,chlorophyll a-b binding protein,amylosynthease,phosphotransferase,peroxidase,phenylalanine ammonia lyase,flavone synthase,glutathione synthetase.Signaling molecules(including MAPK,plant hormones,H_(2)O_(2) and calcium)and transcription factors(mainly including NAC,MYB,MYB-related,WRKY,bZIP family members)were involved in the AOS-induced wheat drought resistance.The results obtained in this study help underpin the mechanisms of wheat drought resistance improved by AOS,and provides a theoretical basis for the application of AOS as an environmentally sustainable biological method to improve drought resistance in agriculture.展开更多
Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in bio...Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in biological subjects.Current semi-implantable devices are mainly based on single-parameter detection.Miniaturized semi-implantable electrodes for multiparameter sensing have more restrictions on the electrode size due to biocompatibility considerations,but reducing the electrode surface area could potentially limit electrode sensitivity.This study developed a semi-implantable device system comprising a multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster(MMEC)and a printed circuit board for real-time monitoring of intra-tissue K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Na^(+)concentrations.The electrode surface area was less important for the potentiometric sensing mechanism,suggesting the feasibility of using a tiny fiber-like electrode for potentiometric sensing.The MMEC device exhibited a broad linear response(K^(+):2–32 mmol/L;Ca^(2+):0.5–4 mmol/L;Na^(+):10–160 mmol/L),high sensitivity(about 20–45 mV/decade),temporal stability(>2weeks),and good selectivity(>80%)for the above ions.In vitro detection and in vivo subcutaneous and brain experiment results showed that the MMEC system exhibits good multi-ion monitoring performance in several complex environments.This work provides a platform for the continuous real-time monitoring of ion fluctuations in different situations and has implications for developing smart sensors to monitor human health.展开更多
Strong impact does serious harm to the military industries so it is necessary to choose reasonable cushioning material and design effective buffers to prevent the impact of equipment.Based on the capillary property en...Strong impact does serious harm to the military industries so it is necessary to choose reasonable cushioning material and design effective buffers to prevent the impact of equipment.Based on the capillary property entangled porous metallic wire materials(EPMWM),this paper designed a composite buffer which uses EPMWM and viscous fluid as cushioning materials under the low-speed impact of the recoil force device of weapon equipment(such as artillery,mortar,etc.).Combined with the capillary model,porosity,hydraulic diameter,maximum pore diameter and pore distribution were used to characterize the pore structure characteristics of EPMWM.The calculation model of the damping force of the composite buffer was established.The low-speed impact test of the composite buffer was conducted.The parameters of the buffer under low-speed impact were identified according to the model,and the nonlinear model of damping force was obtained.The test results show that the composite buffer with EPMWM and viscous fluid can absorb the impact energy from the recoil movement effectively,and provide a new method for the buffer design of weapon equipment(such as artillery,mortar,etc.).展开更多
The effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal(ESC),porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy was investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron mi...The effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal(ESC),porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy was investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laboratory computed tomography(CT).Results showed that the newly developed AlSi9MnMoV alloy exhibited improved mechanical properties when compared to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.The AlSi9MnMoV alloy,which was designed with trace multicomponent additions,displays a notable grain refining effect in comparison to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.Refining elements Ti,Zr,V,Nb,B promote heterogeneous nucleation and reduce the grain size of primaryα-Al.At a lower slow shot speed,the large ESCs are easier to form and gather,developing into the dendrite net and net-shrinkage.With an increase in slow shot speed,the size and number of ESCs and porosities significantly reduce.In addition,the distribution of ESCs is more dispersed and the net-shrinkage disappears.The tensile property is greatly improved by adopting a higher slow shot speed.The ultimate tensile strength is enhanced from 260.31 MPa to 290.31 MPa(increased by 11.52%),and the elongation is enhanced from 3.72%to 6.34%(increased by 70.52%).展开更多
Rape is the third largest oil crop in the world and the first one in China.The national average rapeseed yield is only 2077.5 kg/hm^(2),and the rapeseed oil yield is 894 kg/hm^(2).This paper introduced the main types,...Rape is the third largest oil crop in the world and the first one in China.The national average rapeseed yield is only 2077.5 kg/hm^(2),and the rapeseed oil yield is 894 kg/hm^(2).This paper introduced the main types,germplasm resources,breeding bases and breeding progress of Chinese rape,and studied its high-quality varieties,breeding patents and new varieties of agricultural plants.We analyzed the main problems such as serious loss of germplasm resources in Brassica campestris L.and Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss and weak"agricultural chip"in rape field,and put forward strategies such as strengthening the protection of rape germplasm resources,encouraging the development of"agricultural chip"in rape industry clusters with national advantages and characteristics,and strengthening the protection of agricultural intellectual property rights.展开更多
This study explored the potential of polysaccharides from Actium lappa(ALPs)as natural wall materials for producing ALP-based nanoparticles to deliver poorly water-soluble oleanolic acid(OA)and ursolic acid(UA).Encaps...This study explored the potential of polysaccharides from Actium lappa(ALPs)as natural wall materials for producing ALP-based nanoparticles to deliver poorly water-soluble oleanolic acid(OA)and ursolic acid(UA).Encapsulating OA+UA with ALPs(ALP:OA+UA,50:1;OA:UA,1:1)changed the crystalline nature to a more amorphous state through hydrogen bonding and involving O-H/C-O/O-C-O groups.ALP-OA/UA nanoparticles had a particle size and zeta potential(in water)of 199.1 nm/-7.15 mV,with a narrow unimodal size distribution,and excellent pH,salt solution,temperature and storage stability.Compared with ALPs,ALPOA/UA nanoparticles showed enhanced anti-inflammatory activity(especially at a dose of 100μg/mL)in a CuSO-induced zebrafish inflammation model via down-regulating the NF-κB signalling pathway and gene expression of associated transcription factors and cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8).Therefore,ALP-based nanoparticles are natural and anti-inflammatory carriers for hydrophobic bioactive molecules.展开更多
This paper introduced the grape industry in Xinjiang and its agricultural intellectual property resources,and analyzed six major problems such as the ineffective leading role of intellectual property rights in high-qu...This paper introduced the grape industry in Xinjiang and its agricultural intellectual property resources,and analyzed six major problems such as the ineffective leading role of intellectual property rights in high-quality development.Finally,it proposed eight strategies to build a national-level regional fine-grain breeding base for grapes and develop“agricultural chips”in the context of the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property and innovation-driven development strategy.展开更多
"Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has be..."Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has been listed as one of the"five fruits"since ancient times.Xinjiang is the most important jujube producing area in China,and its yield has accounted for 50%of the national jujube yield.In the five prefectures and cities of southern Xinjiang,as well as the regimental farms of southern and eastern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the jujube industry is an advantageous characteristic industry in agriculture.This paper studied Xinjiang jujube industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources,analyzed six major issues to be further implemented,such as the"three new developments"thinking and the strategy of building an intellectual property power,and puts forward eight strategies such as coordinating the two markets and two resources to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and dual circulation of jujube.展开更多
Porous carbon(PC)is a promising electromagnetic(EM)wave absorbing material thanks to its light weight,large specific surface area as well as good dissipating capacity.To further improve its microwave absorbing perform...Porous carbon(PC)is a promising electromagnetic(EM)wave absorbing material thanks to its light weight,large specific surface area as well as good dissipating capacity.To further improve its microwave absorbing performance,silver coated porous carbon(Ag@PC)is synthesized by one-step hydro-thermal synthesis process making use of fir as a biomass formwork.Phase compositions,morphological structure,and microwave absorption capability of the Ag@PC has been explored.Research results show that the metallic Ag was successfully reduced and the particles are evenly distributed inward the pores of the carbon formwork,which accelerates graphitization process of the amorphous carbon.The Ag@PC composite without adding polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)exhibits higher dielectric constant and better EM wave dissipating capability.This is because the larger particles of Ag give rise to higher electric conductivity.After combing with frequency selective surface(FSS),the EM wave absorbing performance is further improved and the frequency region below-10 d B is located in8.20-11.75 GHz,and the minimal reflection loss value is-22.5 dB.This work indicates that incorporating metallic Ag particles and FSS provides a valid way to strengthen EM wave absorbing capacity of PC material.展开更多
In this study,HEA/AI composite interlayer was used to fabricate Ti/Mg bimetal composites by solidliquid compound casting process.The Al layer was prepared on the surface of TC4 alloy by hot dipping,and the FeCoNiCr HE...In this study,HEA/AI composite interlayer was used to fabricate Ti/Mg bimetal composites by solidliquid compound casting process.The Al layer was prepared on the surface of TC4 alloy by hot dipping,and the FeCoNiCr HEA layer was prepared by magnetron sputtering onto the Al layer.The influence of the HEA layer thickness and pouring temperature on interface evolution was investigated based on SEM observation and thermodynamic analysis.Results indicate that the sluggish diffusion effect of HEA can effectively inhibit the interfacial diffusion between Al and Mg,which is conducive to the formation of solid solution,especially when the thickness of HEA is 800 nm.With the increase of casting temperature from 720 ℃ to 730 ℃,740℃,and 750 ℃,α-Al(Mg),α-Al(Mg)+Al3Mg2,Al3Mg2+Al12Mg17,and Al12Mg17+δ-Mg are formed at the interface of Ti/Mg bimetal,respectively.When the thickness of the HEA layer is 800 nm and the pouring temperature is 720 ℃,the bonding strength of the Ti/Mg bimetal can reach the maximum of 93.6 MPa.展开更多
Only by improving the production capacity of domestic herbal edible oil can China ensure the safety of the supply chain of the important industrial chain of vegetable edible oil in China and practice the big food conc...Only by improving the production capacity of domestic herbal edible oil can China ensure the safety of the supply chain of the important industrial chain of vegetable edible oil in China and practice the big food concept.In addition to rice,maize,and soybean for using as grain and oil,there are eight kinds of herbaceous edible oil crops in Hubei Province,including rape,peanut,sesame,sunflower,perilla(perilla seed),cotton,linen and tiger nut(Cyperus esculentus).This paper studies the main industries of herbaceous edible oil crops and their intellectual property resources in Hubei Province,and analyzes the main problems of its inheritance,innovation and high-quality development under the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property.Finally,it proposes the countermeasures of carrying forward and inheriting traditional knowledge and traditional culture,maintaining the biodiversity of crops,strengthening the creation of new plant varieties and breeding patents,and opening up the whole chain of intellectual property rights.展开更多
Foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.),a member of the Paniceae family,is a temperate and tropical grass species that is widely cultivated on the Eurasian continent.It is Chinese in origin and possesses a small genome,sho...Foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.),a member of the Paniceae family,is a temperate and tropical grass species that is widely cultivated on the Eurasian continent.It is Chinese in origin and possesses a small genome,short growth cycle,and strong natural abiotic stress resistance.Elucidating the mechanism of millet tolerance to salt stress is becoming increasingly important with increasing soil salinization limiting crop productivity.The responses and mechanisms of tolerance to salt stress from other model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice,were compared with those from foxtail millet to summarize current research on responses to salt stress.Numerous processes are involved in these processes,including physiological reactions,sensing,signaling,and control at the transcriptional,post-transcriptional,and epigenetic levels.To increase crop productivity and agricultural sustainability,a variety of technologies can be used to investigate how salt tolerance is mediated by physiological and molecular processes in foxtail millet.展开更多
Given the increased circulation time after fishing,a series of changes take place in live clams,leading to a deterioration in quality even after death.Thus,in this study,we aimed to explore the optimal mode of transpo...Given the increased circulation time after fishing,a series of changes take place in live clams,leading to a deterioration in quality even after death.Thus,in this study,we aimed to explore the optimal mode of transportation of clams.The container for holding clams was reformed,and a water circulation temperature control system was established.The physiological responses of clams during anhydrous and watery transportation at two temperatures(4 and 15℃)were investigated based on the aforementioned system.When comparing the transportation patterns after 3 d of transport,a higher survival rate was observed at 4℃(97%)than at 15℃(63%)in the anhydrous transportation groups and a lower survival rate was observed at 4℃(93%)than at 15℃(99%)in the watery transportation groups.In addition,the glycogen content,condition index(CI),and adenylate energy charge(A.E.C)value were higher at4℃((40.87±0.99)mg g^(-1),13.71%±0.50%and 57.45%±1.60%)than at 15℃((30.54±0.81)mg g^(-1),9.09%±0.30%and 43.12%±1.65%)in the anhydrous transportation groups.In the watery transportation groups,a lower glycogen content,CI,and A.E.C.value were observed at 4℃((33.78±0.84)mg g^(-1),9.78%±0.50%and 64.65%±1.25%)than at 15℃((41.53±0.93)mg g^(-1),12.72%±0.83%and 71.58%±1.27%).Results from this study show that anhydrous transportation(4℃)is the optimal transport condition for clams to maintain a high quality and good physiological conditions.Thus,this study will be particularly useful for establishing shellfish transportation systems.展开更多
In this paper,we define a generalized Lipschitz shadowing property for flows and prove that a flowΦgenerated by a C1vector field X on a closed Riemannian manifold M has this generalized Lipschitz shadowing property i...In this paper,we define a generalized Lipschitz shadowing property for flows and prove that a flowΦgenerated by a C1vector field X on a closed Riemannian manifold M has this generalized Lipschitz shadowing property if and only if it is structurally stable.展开更多
Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events,such as extreme heat and co-occurring drought,potentially accelerating tree mortality.Which tree species will cope better with those extreme events is...Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events,such as extreme heat and co-occurring drought,potentially accelerating tree mortality.Which tree species will cope better with those extreme events is still being researched.This study focuses on heat as a physiological stress factor and interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits in 15 temperate coniferous and broad-leaved tree species.We investigate(1)whether thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits correlate with a droughtrelated physiological trait,particularly the leaf turgor loss point(πtlp,wilting point),and(2)how thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits co-vary within diff erent tree-functional types classifi ed by morphological and physiological traits of the leaf,i.e.,leaf mass per area(LMA)and percentage loss of area(PLA).The study was carried out in the Traunstein Forest Dynamics Plot of the ForestGEO network in Germany.The temperature response of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II(F_(v)/F_(m))on leaf discs was determined,from which various physiological leaf traits were estimated,one of which is the breaking point temperature(T_(5)),the temperature at which F_(v)/F_(m)declines by 5%.Additionally,the temperature of 50%(T_(50))and 95%(T_(95))decline in F_(v)/F_(m)was evaluated.The decline width between T_(50)and T 5(DW T_(50)−T_(5))was taken as an indicator of the species’thermal sensitivity.The breaking point temperature ranged from 35.4±3.0 to 47.9±3.9℃among the investigated tree species and T 50 ranged between 46.1±0.4 and 53.6±0.7℃.A large interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity was found.European ash(Fraxinus excelsior L.)was the most heat-sensitive species,while Wild cherry(Prunus avium L.)was the least heat-sensitive species.Species with a more negativeπtlp tended to have a higher breaking point temperature than species with a less negativeπtlp.A lower thermal sensitivity characterized species with a higher LMA,and high PLA was found in species with low thermal sensitivity.Accordingly,species with thicker and tougher leaves have lower thermal sensitivity which coincides with a lower wilting point.We conclude that species that develop drought-adapted foliage can cope better with heat stress.Further,they might be able to maintain transpirational cooling during combined heat and drought stress,which could lessen their mortality risk during climatic extremes.展开更多
Drought stress is the main limiting plant growth factor in arid and semiarid regions.The Lanzhou lily(Lilium davidii var.unicolor)is the only sweet-tasting lily grown in these regions of China that offers highly edibl...Drought stress is the main limiting plant growth factor in arid and semiarid regions.The Lanzhou lily(Lilium davidii var.unicolor)is the only sweet-tasting lily grown in these regions of China that offers highly edible,medicinal,health,and ornamental value.The Tresor lily is an ornamental flower known for its strong resistance.Plants were grown under three different drought intensity treatments,namely,being watered at intervals of 5,15,and 25 d(either throughout the study or during specific growth stages).We measured the biomass,leaf area,photosynthetic response,chlorophyll content(SPAD value),and osmoregulation of both the Lanzhou lily and the Tresor lily(Lilium‘Tresor’).Additionally,we employed RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)and qRT-PCR to investigate transcriptomic changes of the Lanzhou lily in response to drought stress.Results showed that under drought stress,the decreasing rate in the Lanzhou lily bulb weight was lower than the corresponding Tresor lily bulb rate;the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of the Lanzhou lily were all higher compared to the Tresor lily;osmoregulation constituents,such as glucose,fructose,sucrose,trehalose,and soluble sugar,in the Lanzhou lily were comparatively higher;PYL,NCED,and ERS genes were significantly expressed in the Lanzhou lily.Under moderate drought,the biosynthesis of flavonoids,circadian rhythms,and the tryptophan metabolism pathway of the Lanzhou lily were all significant.Under severe drought stress,fatty acid elongation,photosynthetic antenna protein,plant hormone signal transduction,flavone and flavonol biosynthesis,and the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were all significant.The Lanzhou lily adapted to drought stress by coordinating its organs and the unique role of its bulb,regulating photosynthesis,increasing osmolyte content,activating circadian rhythms,signal transduction,fatty acid elongation metabolism,and phenylalanine and flavonoid metabolic pathways,which may collectively be the main adaptation strategy and mechanisms used by the Lanzhou lily under drought stress.展开更多
Only by developing woody edible oilseeds industry can we ensure the safety of the important industrial chain and supply chain of vegetable edible oil in China.There are 13 kinds of woody edible oil plants in Hubei,inc...Only by developing woody edible oilseeds industry can we ensure the safety of the important industrial chain and supply chain of vegetable edible oil in China.There are 13 kinds of woody edible oil plants in Hubei,including Camellia oleifera Abel(oil tea),Juglans regia L.(walnut),Olea europaea L.(olive)and Paeonia suffruticosa(oil peony).This paper studies the main industries of woody edible oilseeds in Hubei Province and their intellectual property resources,and analyzes the main problems in their intellectual property protection,inheritance,innovation and development.Finally,it proposes some strategies,including carrying forward the traditional knowledge related to woody edible oilseeds,innovating the"agricultural chip",creating key counties of national woody edible oil seeds,and developing industrial clusters with national advantages and characteristics.展开更多
文摘The results of pot and pond trials are as follows.On equal amount of nitrogen(N)applied,the wheat nitrate reduction activity(NRA)and photosynthesis strength and other phy-siological properties are stronger and yields are higher at normal soil moisture than those atdrought.At the same soil moisture,in a certain range of N applied,these properties of wheat in-crease with the increasing of N applied,but they descend when the amount of N applied exceedsa certain range.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82302345).
文摘In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases.Currently,implantable electrochemical microsensors have emerged as a prominent area of research.These microsensors not only fulfill the technical requirements for monitoring animal physiological information but also offer an ideal platform for integration.They have been extensively studied for their ability to monitor animal physiological information in a minimally invasive manner,characterized by their bloodless,painless features,and exceptional performance.The development of implantable electrochemical microsensors for in vivo monitoring of animal physiological information has witnessed significant scientific and technological advancements through dedicated efforts.This review commenced with a comprehensive discussion of the construction of microsensors,including the materials utilized and the methods employed for fabrication.Following this,we proceeded to explore the various implantation technologies employed for electrochemical microsensors.In addition,a comprehensive overview was provided of the various applications of implantable electrochemical microsensors,specifically in the monitoring of diseases and the investigation of disease mechanisms.Lastly,a concise conclusion was conducted on the recent advancements and significant obstacles pertaining to the practical implementation of implantable electrochemical microsensors.
基金the NSF CCSS-2152638 and the IEN Center Grant from the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology at Georgia Tech.
文摘This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design considerations,such as biological constraints,energy sourcing,and wireless communication,are discussed in achieving the desired performance of the devices and enhanced interface with human tissues.In addition,we review the recent achievements in materials used for developing implantable systems,emphasizing their importance in achieving multi-functionalities,biocompatibility,and hemocompatibility.The wireless,batteryless devices offer minimally invasive device insertion to the body,enabling portable health monitoring and advanced disease diagnosis.Lastly,we summarize the most recent practical applications of advanced implantable devices for human health care,highlighting their potential for immediate commercialization and clinical uses.
基金This research was funded and supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 32001443)Zhengzhou Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Henan Province of China(Grant Number 2020CXZX0085)Science and Technology Inovation Team of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant Number 2024TD2).
文摘Alginate oligosaccharides(AOS)enhance drought resistance in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),but the definite mechanisms remain largely unknown.The physiological and transcriptome responses of wheat seedlings treated with AOS were analyzed under drought stress simulated with polyethylene glycol-6000.The results showed that AOS promoted the growth of wheat seedlings and reduced oxidative damage by improving peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities under drought stress.A total of 10,064 and 15,208 differentially expressed unigenes(DEGs)obtained from the AOS treatment and control samples at 24 and 72 h after dehydration,respectively,were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites(phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,flavonoid biosynthesis),carbohydrate metabolism(starch and sucrose metabolism,carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms),lipid metabolism(fatty acid elongation,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,alpha-linolenic acid metabolism,cutin,suberine and wax biosynthesis),and signaling transduction pathways.The up-regulated genes were related to,for example,chlorophyll a-b binding protein,amylosynthease,phosphotransferase,peroxidase,phenylalanine ammonia lyase,flavone synthase,glutathione synthetase.Signaling molecules(including MAPK,plant hormones,H_(2)O_(2) and calcium)and transcription factors(mainly including NAC,MYB,MYB-related,WRKY,bZIP family members)were involved in the AOS-induced wheat drought resistance.The results obtained in this study help underpin the mechanisms of wheat drought resistance improved by AOS,and provides a theoretical basis for the application of AOS as an environmentally sustainable biological method to improve drought resistance in agriculture.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFF1200700 and 2021YFA0911100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2225010,32171399,and 32171456)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-Sen University(No.22dfx02)Pazhou Lab,Guangzhou(No.PZL2021KF0003)The authors also would like to thank the funding support from the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices&Integrated Technology,Institute of Microelectronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments(No.pilab2211)QQOY would like to thank the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M713645)JL would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62105380)and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M693686).
文摘Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in biological subjects.Current semi-implantable devices are mainly based on single-parameter detection.Miniaturized semi-implantable electrodes for multiparameter sensing have more restrictions on the electrode size due to biocompatibility considerations,but reducing the electrode surface area could potentially limit electrode sensitivity.This study developed a semi-implantable device system comprising a multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster(MMEC)and a printed circuit board for real-time monitoring of intra-tissue K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Na^(+)concentrations.The electrode surface area was less important for the potentiometric sensing mechanism,suggesting the feasibility of using a tiny fiber-like electrode for potentiometric sensing.The MMEC device exhibited a broad linear response(K^(+):2–32 mmol/L;Ca^(2+):0.5–4 mmol/L;Na^(+):10–160 mmol/L),high sensitivity(about 20–45 mV/decade),temporal stability(>2weeks),and good selectivity(>80%)for the above ions.In vitro detection and in vivo subcutaneous and brain experiment results showed that the MMEC system exhibits good multi-ion monitoring performance in several complex environments.This work provides a platform for the continuous real-time monitoring of ion fluctuations in different situations and has implications for developing smart sensors to monitor human health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51805086)。
文摘Strong impact does serious harm to the military industries so it is necessary to choose reasonable cushioning material and design effective buffers to prevent the impact of equipment.Based on the capillary property entangled porous metallic wire materials(EPMWM),this paper designed a composite buffer which uses EPMWM and viscous fluid as cushioning materials under the low-speed impact of the recoil force device of weapon equipment(such as artillery,mortar,etc.).Combined with the capillary model,porosity,hydraulic diameter,maximum pore diameter and pore distribution were used to characterize the pore structure characteristics of EPMWM.The calculation model of the damping force of the composite buffer was established.The low-speed impact test of the composite buffer was conducted.The parameters of the buffer under low-speed impact were identified according to the model,and the nonlinear model of damping force was obtained.The test results show that the composite buffer with EPMWM and viscous fluid can absorb the impact energy from the recoil movement effectively,and provide a new method for the buffer design of weapon equipment(such as artillery,mortar,etc.).
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3404201)the Major Science and Technology Project of Changchun City,Jilin Province(Grant No.20210301024GX)。
文摘The effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal(ESC),porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy was investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laboratory computed tomography(CT).Results showed that the newly developed AlSi9MnMoV alloy exhibited improved mechanical properties when compared to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.The AlSi9MnMoV alloy,which was designed with trace multicomponent additions,displays a notable grain refining effect in comparison to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.Refining elements Ti,Zr,V,Nb,B promote heterogeneous nucleation and reduce the grain size of primaryα-Al.At a lower slow shot speed,the large ESCs are easier to form and gather,developing into the dendrite net and net-shrinkage.With an increase in slow shot speed,the size and number of ESCs and porosities significantly reduce.In addition,the distribution of ESCs is more dispersed and the net-shrinkage disappears.The tensile property is greatly improved by adopting a higher slow shot speed.The ultimate tensile strength is enhanced from 260.31 MPa to 290.31 MPa(increased by 11.52%),and the elongation is enhanced from 3.72%to 6.34%(increased by 70.52%).
基金Supported by Youth Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(22CMZ015)。
文摘Rape is the third largest oil crop in the world and the first one in China.The national average rapeseed yield is only 2077.5 kg/hm^(2),and the rapeseed oil yield is 894 kg/hm^(2).This paper introduced the main types,germplasm resources,breeding bases and breeding progress of Chinese rape,and studied its high-quality varieties,breeding patents and new varieties of agricultural plants.We analyzed the main problems such as serious loss of germplasm resources in Brassica campestris L.and Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss and weak"agricultural chip"in rape field,and put forward strategies such as strengthening the protection of rape germplasm resources,encouraging the development of"agricultural chip"in rape industry clusters with national advantages and characteristics,and strengthening the protection of agricultural intellectual property rights.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(ZR2019BC100)Science,Education and Industry Integration Innovation Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(2020KJC-ZD10)Incubation Program of Youth Innovation in Shandong Province。
文摘This study explored the potential of polysaccharides from Actium lappa(ALPs)as natural wall materials for producing ALP-based nanoparticles to deliver poorly water-soluble oleanolic acid(OA)and ursolic acid(UA).Encapsulating OA+UA with ALPs(ALP:OA+UA,50:1;OA:UA,1:1)changed the crystalline nature to a more amorphous state through hydrogen bonding and involving O-H/C-O/O-C-O groups.ALP-OA/UA nanoparticles had a particle size and zeta potential(in water)of 199.1 nm/-7.15 mV,with a narrow unimodal size distribution,and excellent pH,salt solution,temperature and storage stability.Compared with ALPs,ALPOA/UA nanoparticles showed enhanced anti-inflammatory activity(especially at a dose of 100μg/mL)in a CuSO-induced zebrafish inflammation model via down-regulating the NF-κB signalling pathway and gene expression of associated transcription factors and cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8).Therefore,ALP-based nanoparticles are natural and anti-inflammatory carriers for hydrophobic bioactive molecules.
基金Youth Project of National Social Science Fund of China(22CMZ015).
文摘This paper introduced the grape industry in Xinjiang and its agricultural intellectual property resources,and analyzed six major problems such as the ineffective leading role of intellectual property rights in high-quality development.Finally,it proposed eight strategies to build a national-level regional fine-grain breeding base for grapes and develop“agricultural chips”in the context of the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property and innovation-driven development strategy.
基金Supported by Youth Project of National Social Science Fund of China(22CMZ015)。
文摘"Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has been listed as one of the"five fruits"since ancient times.Xinjiang is the most important jujube producing area in China,and its yield has accounted for 50%of the national jujube yield.In the five prefectures and cities of southern Xinjiang,as well as the regimental farms of southern and eastern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the jujube industry is an advantageous characteristic industry in agriculture.This paper studied Xinjiang jujube industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources,analyzed six major issues to be further implemented,such as the"three new developments"thinking and the strategy of building an intellectual property power,and puts forward eight strategies such as coordinating the two markets and two resources to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and dual circulation of jujube.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52103361)Shaanxi University Youth Outstanding Talents Support Plan,Scientific and Technological Plan Project of Xi’an Beilin District(No.GX2143)。
文摘Porous carbon(PC)is a promising electromagnetic(EM)wave absorbing material thanks to its light weight,large specific surface area as well as good dissipating capacity.To further improve its microwave absorbing performance,silver coated porous carbon(Ag@PC)is synthesized by one-step hydro-thermal synthesis process making use of fir as a biomass formwork.Phase compositions,morphological structure,and microwave absorption capability of the Ag@PC has been explored.Research results show that the metallic Ag was successfully reduced and the particles are evenly distributed inward the pores of the carbon formwork,which accelerates graphitization process of the amorphous carbon.The Ag@PC composite without adding polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)exhibits higher dielectric constant and better EM wave dissipating capability.This is because the larger particles of Ag give rise to higher electric conductivity.After combing with frequency selective surface(FSS),the EM wave absorbing performance is further improved and the frequency region below-10 d B is located in8.20-11.75 GHz,and the minimal reflection loss value is-22.5 dB.This work indicates that incorporating metallic Ag particles and FSS provides a valid way to strengthen EM wave absorbing capacity of PC material.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51875062)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M700567)。
文摘In this study,HEA/AI composite interlayer was used to fabricate Ti/Mg bimetal composites by solidliquid compound casting process.The Al layer was prepared on the surface of TC4 alloy by hot dipping,and the FeCoNiCr HEA layer was prepared by magnetron sputtering onto the Al layer.The influence of the HEA layer thickness and pouring temperature on interface evolution was investigated based on SEM observation and thermodynamic analysis.Results indicate that the sluggish diffusion effect of HEA can effectively inhibit the interfacial diffusion between Al and Mg,which is conducive to the formation of solid solution,especially when the thickness of HEA is 800 nm.With the increase of casting temperature from 720 ℃ to 730 ℃,740℃,and 750 ℃,α-Al(Mg),α-Al(Mg)+Al3Mg2,Al3Mg2+Al12Mg17,and Al12Mg17+δ-Mg are formed at the interface of Ti/Mg bimetal,respectively.When the thickness of the HEA layer is 800 nm and the pouring temperature is 720 ℃,the bonding strength of the Ti/Mg bimetal can reach the maximum of 93.6 MPa.
基金Supported by Special Soft Science Research Project for Hubei Province Science and Technology Innovation Talents and Services (2022EDA060).
文摘Only by improving the production capacity of domestic herbal edible oil can China ensure the safety of the supply chain of the important industrial chain of vegetable edible oil in China and practice the big food concept.In addition to rice,maize,and soybean for using as grain and oil,there are eight kinds of herbaceous edible oil crops in Hubei Province,including rape,peanut,sesame,sunflower,perilla(perilla seed),cotton,linen and tiger nut(Cyperus esculentus).This paper studies the main industries of herbaceous edible oil crops and their intellectual property resources in Hubei Province,and analyzes the main problems of its inheritance,innovation and high-quality development under the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property.Finally,it proposes the countermeasures of carrying forward and inheriting traditional knowledge and traditional culture,maintaining the biodiversity of crops,strengthening the creation of new plant varieties and breeding patents,and opening up the whole chain of intellectual property rights.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000704/2018YFD1000700,2022YFD1201704/2022YFD1201700)the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shandong Province(YDZX2021008)the Agricultural Fine Seed Project of Shandong Province(2021LZGC006)。
文摘Foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.),a member of the Paniceae family,is a temperate and tropical grass species that is widely cultivated on the Eurasian continent.It is Chinese in origin and possesses a small genome,short growth cycle,and strong natural abiotic stress resistance.Elucidating the mechanism of millet tolerance to salt stress is becoming increasingly important with increasing soil salinization limiting crop productivity.The responses and mechanisms of tolerance to salt stress from other model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice,were compared with those from foxtail millet to summarize current research on responses to salt stress.Numerous processes are involved in these processes,including physiological reactions,sensing,signaling,and control at the transcriptional,post-transcriptional,and epigenetic levels.To increase crop productivity and agricultural sustainability,a variety of technologies can be used to investigate how salt tolerance is mediated by physiological and molecular processes in foxtail millet.
基金This study is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0901004)the Innovation Team Project of Hebei Province Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(No.HBCT2018170207)+1 种基金the Innovation Center of Hebei Agricultural Products Processing Technology(No.199676183H)the Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(No.CARS-49).
文摘Given the increased circulation time after fishing,a series of changes take place in live clams,leading to a deterioration in quality even after death.Thus,in this study,we aimed to explore the optimal mode of transportation of clams.The container for holding clams was reformed,and a water circulation temperature control system was established.The physiological responses of clams during anhydrous and watery transportation at two temperatures(4 and 15℃)were investigated based on the aforementioned system.When comparing the transportation patterns after 3 d of transport,a higher survival rate was observed at 4℃(97%)than at 15℃(63%)in the anhydrous transportation groups and a lower survival rate was observed at 4℃(93%)than at 15℃(99%)in the watery transportation groups.In addition,the glycogen content,condition index(CI),and adenylate energy charge(A.E.C)value were higher at4℃((40.87±0.99)mg g^(-1),13.71%±0.50%and 57.45%±1.60%)than at 15℃((30.54±0.81)mg g^(-1),9.09%±0.30%and 43.12%±1.65%)in the anhydrous transportation groups.In the watery transportation groups,a lower glycogen content,CI,and A.E.C.value were observed at 4℃((33.78±0.84)mg g^(-1),9.78%±0.50%and 64.65%±1.25%)than at 15℃((41.53±0.93)mg g^(-1),12.72%±0.83%and 71.58%±1.27%).Results from this study show that anhydrous transportation(4℃)is the optimal transport condition for clams to maintain a high quality and good physiological conditions.Thus,this study will be particularly useful for establishing shellfish transportation systems.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessupported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Korea government(MIST)(2020R1F1A1A01051370)。
文摘In this paper,we define a generalized Lipschitz shadowing property for flows and prove that a flowΦgenerated by a C1vector field X on a closed Riemannian manifold M has this generalized Lipschitz shadowing property if and only if it is structurally stable.
文摘Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events,such as extreme heat and co-occurring drought,potentially accelerating tree mortality.Which tree species will cope better with those extreme events is still being researched.This study focuses on heat as a physiological stress factor and interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits in 15 temperate coniferous and broad-leaved tree species.We investigate(1)whether thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits correlate with a droughtrelated physiological trait,particularly the leaf turgor loss point(πtlp,wilting point),and(2)how thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits co-vary within diff erent tree-functional types classifi ed by morphological and physiological traits of the leaf,i.e.,leaf mass per area(LMA)and percentage loss of area(PLA).The study was carried out in the Traunstein Forest Dynamics Plot of the ForestGEO network in Germany.The temperature response of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II(F_(v)/F_(m))on leaf discs was determined,from which various physiological leaf traits were estimated,one of which is the breaking point temperature(T_(5)),the temperature at which F_(v)/F_(m)declines by 5%.Additionally,the temperature of 50%(T_(50))and 95%(T_(95))decline in F_(v)/F_(m)was evaluated.The decline width between T_(50)and T 5(DW T_(50)−T_(5))was taken as an indicator of the species’thermal sensitivity.The breaking point temperature ranged from 35.4±3.0 to 47.9±3.9℃among the investigated tree species and T 50 ranged between 46.1±0.4 and 53.6±0.7℃.A large interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity was found.European ash(Fraxinus excelsior L.)was the most heat-sensitive species,while Wild cherry(Prunus avium L.)was the least heat-sensitive species.Species with a more negativeπtlp tended to have a higher breaking point temperature than species with a less negativeπtlp.A lower thermal sensitivity characterized species with a higher LMA,and high PLA was found in species with low thermal sensitivity.Accordingly,species with thicker and tougher leaves have lower thermal sensitivity which coincides with a lower wilting point.We conclude that species that develop drought-adapted foliage can cope better with heat stress.Further,they might be able to maintain transpirational cooling during combined heat and drought stress,which could lessen their mortality risk during climatic extremes.
基金the Gansu Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.182D2NA010)the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KFJ-STS-QYZD-120)the Key R&D plan of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Grant No.2019BBF02018)for the funding they provided。
文摘Drought stress is the main limiting plant growth factor in arid and semiarid regions.The Lanzhou lily(Lilium davidii var.unicolor)is the only sweet-tasting lily grown in these regions of China that offers highly edible,medicinal,health,and ornamental value.The Tresor lily is an ornamental flower known for its strong resistance.Plants were grown under three different drought intensity treatments,namely,being watered at intervals of 5,15,and 25 d(either throughout the study or during specific growth stages).We measured the biomass,leaf area,photosynthetic response,chlorophyll content(SPAD value),and osmoregulation of both the Lanzhou lily and the Tresor lily(Lilium‘Tresor’).Additionally,we employed RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)and qRT-PCR to investigate transcriptomic changes of the Lanzhou lily in response to drought stress.Results showed that under drought stress,the decreasing rate in the Lanzhou lily bulb weight was lower than the corresponding Tresor lily bulb rate;the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of the Lanzhou lily were all higher compared to the Tresor lily;osmoregulation constituents,such as glucose,fructose,sucrose,trehalose,and soluble sugar,in the Lanzhou lily were comparatively higher;PYL,NCED,and ERS genes were significantly expressed in the Lanzhou lily.Under moderate drought,the biosynthesis of flavonoids,circadian rhythms,and the tryptophan metabolism pathway of the Lanzhou lily were all significant.Under severe drought stress,fatty acid elongation,photosynthetic antenna protein,plant hormone signal transduction,flavone and flavonol biosynthesis,and the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were all significant.The Lanzhou lily adapted to drought stress by coordinating its organs and the unique role of its bulb,regulating photosynthesis,increasing osmolyte content,activating circadian rhythms,signal transduction,fatty acid elongation metabolism,and phenylalanine and flavonoid metabolic pathways,which may collectively be the main adaptation strategy and mechanisms used by the Lanzhou lily under drought stress.
基金Supported by Special Soft Science Research Project for Hubei Province Science and Technology Innovation Talents and Services(2022EDA060).
文摘Only by developing woody edible oilseeds industry can we ensure the safety of the important industrial chain and supply chain of vegetable edible oil in China.There are 13 kinds of woody edible oil plants in Hubei,including Camellia oleifera Abel(oil tea),Juglans regia L.(walnut),Olea europaea L.(olive)and Paeonia suffruticosa(oil peony).This paper studies the main industries of woody edible oilseeds in Hubei Province and their intellectual property resources,and analyzes the main problems in their intellectual property protection,inheritance,innovation and development.Finally,it proposes some strategies,including carrying forward the traditional knowledge related to woody edible oilseeds,innovating the"agricultural chip",creating key counties of national woody edible oil seeds,and developing industrial clusters with national advantages and characteristics.
