A high-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC)method was successfully developed for the preparative separation and purification of deoxyschizandrin from Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus in one step.The purity of ...A high-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC)method was successfully developed for the preparative separation and purification of deoxyschizandrin from Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus in one step.The purity of deoxyschizandrin was 98.5%,and the structure was identified by MS,UV and NMR.This method was simple,fast,convenient and appropriate to prepare pure compound as reference substances for related research on Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus.展开更多
Schisandra Chinensis Fructus(SCF)is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.,a perennial vine.It was first recorded in Shen Nong′s herbal classic and has a long application history.Studies have shown that SCF ...Schisandra Chinensis Fructus(SCF)is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.,a perennial vine.It was first recorded in Shen Nong′s herbal classic and has a long application history.Studies have shown that SCF has anti-inflammatory,protective liver,antioxidant,antibacterial and other pharmacological effects.Ancient prescriptions are commonly used in the treatment of chronic diarrhea and other intestinal diseases and diabetes.Modern clinical pharmacology features of SCF polysaccharide(SCFP)in diabetes,liver diseases,enteritis and other aspects have achieved excellent results.Gut is an important digestive organ of human body,but intestinal diseases are varied,including Crohn′s disease,ulcerative colitis,intestinal flora imbalance,etc..It is a chronic and non-specific inflammatory disease.The disease is persisted for a long time and the incidence rate is expected to rise.Most of the symptoms are recurrent diarrhea,bloody stool and abdominal pain.It is considered by the World Health Organization as a refractory disease.At present,there is little possibility of complete cure,which is closely related to complex environmental factors,eating habits and heredity.In recent years,clinical studies have found that SCFP has a variety of pharmacological effects on intestinal protection.①Reduce inflammatory factors:intestinal mucositis is a common adverse reaction in patients with chemotherapy.The development of mucositis is related to pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL^(-1)β,Interferon-γ(IFN-γ).SCFP can significantly reduce IL-6 TNF-α,IL^(-1)β,and IL-8,as well as the accumulation of T cells in the process of resisting apoptosis,reduce the inflammatory reaction and protect the damage to villi and crypts,improve the symptoms of small intestinal mucositis caused by weight loss and diarrhea.②Promote immunoglobulin A secretion:intestinal mucosal immunity is the first line of defense of the body′s immune system.Its main antibody is secretory immunoglobulin A,which can destroy and phagocytize microorganisms,bacteria and viruses.SCFP can improve intestinal immunity by increasing the number and activity of T lymphocytes,promoting the secretion of secretory immunoglobulin A,and affecting the activity of a variety of cytokines.③Regulation of intestinal flora:the flora in the intestine has the functions of auxiliary nutrient absorption,biological antagonism and immune regulation,and can form a natural barrier for the host's intestine.When the human intestinal flora is disordered,probiotics will be greatly reduced,harmful bacteria will proliferate and destroy the intestinal environment.Under these conditions,the intake of SCFP significantly increased the number of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus,and significantly decreased the number of conditional pathogens such as enterococcus and escherichia coli,indicating that SCFP can indeed regulate the intestinal disorder caused by lincomycin hydrochloride to a certain extent. This may be because beneficial bacteria in the intestine metabolize polysaccharides produce short chain fatty acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid, which reduces the pH value in the intestine and inhibits the growth of enterococcus and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, SCFP can treat and protect intestinal diseases to a certain extent, which provides a favorable basis for the treatment of intestinal diseases.展开更多
Objective:To investigate hypertriglyceridemia and hepatomegaly caused by Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus(FSS)and Schisandra chinensis Fructus(FSC)oils in mice.Methods:Mice were orally administered a single dose of S...Objective:To investigate hypertriglyceridemia and hepatomegaly caused by Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus(FSS)and Schisandra chinensis Fructus(FSC)oils in mice.Methods:Mice were orally administered a single dose of SchisandraeFructusoils.Serumandhepatictriglyceride(TG),triglyceridetransferprotein(TTP),apolipoproteinB48(Apo B48),very-low-densitylipoprotein(VLDL),hepatocytegrowth factor(HGF),alanine aminotransfease(ALT)and liver index were measured at 6-120 h post-dosing.Results:FSS and FSC oil caused time and dose-dependent increases in serum and hepatic TG levels,with maximum increases in the liver(by 297%and 340%)at 12 h post-dosing and serum(244%and 439%)at 24-h post-dosing,respectively.Schisandrae Fructus oil treatments also elevated the levels of serum TTP by 51%and63%,Apo B48 by 152%and 425%,and VLDL by 67%and 38%in mice,respectively.FSS and FSC oil treatments also increased liver mass by 53%and 55%and HGF by 106%and 174%,but lowered serum ALT activity by 38%and 22%,respectively.Fenofibrate pre/co-treatment attenuated the FSS and FSC oil-induced elevation in serum TG levels by 41%and 49%at 48 h post-dosing,respectively,but increased hepatic TG contents(by 38%and 33%,respectively)at 12 h post-dosing.Conclusions:Our findings provide evidence to support the establishment of a novel mouse model of hypertriglyceridemia by oral administration of FSS oil(mainly increasing endogenous TG)and FSC oil(mainly elevating exogenous TG).展开更多
目的:基于网络药理学方法分析五味子防治稽留流产的潜在作用机制,并通过实验进行验证。方法:运用系统药理学方法查找并从中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Pla...目的:基于网络药理学方法分析五味子防治稽留流产的潜在作用机制,并通过实验进行验证。方法:运用系统药理学方法查找并从中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP,https://old.tcmsp-e.com/tcmsp.php)筛选五味子的活性成分及靶点,查找稽留流产相关基因,确定五味子防治稽留流产的靶点。利用Cytoscape构建“药物成分-靶点”网络,筛选关键化合物。利用String建立蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络,并通过Cytoscape-CytoNCA拓扑分析筛选核心靶点。通过对靶基因进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)分析,以预测其可能的信号通路及机制。最后借助人绒毛膜外滋养层细胞系(HTR-8/SVneo)利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)检测和蛋白质印迹(Western blotting)检测进行机制验证。结果:从TCMSP数据库中鉴定了7种五味子活性成分。PPI网络表明雄激素受体(androgen receptor,AR)、雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)、环氧合酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)、核受体辅激活因子2(nuclear receptor coactivator 2,NCOA2)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholine esterase,ACHE)可能是五味子防治稽留流产的核心作用靶点。GO富集分析获得44个细胞生物学过程,KEGG途径富集分析获得2个相关信号通路,主要包括甲状腺激素信号通路和雌激素信号通路;在利用细胞模型验证机制过程中发现,二羟环氧苯并芘[benzo(a)pyren-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide,BPDE]染毒后的细胞中AR、ER和COX-2的蛋白质和(或)mRNA水平高于正常细胞,而先使用五味子乙素(Schisandrin B,Sch B)预处理后再染毒BPDE的细胞中AR、ER和COX-2的蛋白质和(或)mRNA水平均较未用Sch B预处理的细胞降低,而NCOA2和ACHE的蛋白质和(或)mRNA水平变化不明显。结论:五味子可通过抗炎和调节AR、ER发挥防治稽留流产的作用,这一保护作用可能是通过雌激素信号通路来实现的。展开更多
BACKGROUND:The most prominent characteristic of brain aging is decreased learning and memory ability.The functions of learning and memory are closely related to intracerebral acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and monoamine n...BACKGROUND:The most prominent characteristic of brain aging is decreased learning and memory ability.The functions of learning and memory are closely related to intracerebral acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and monoamine neurotransmitter activity.Previous studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide has an anti-aging effect. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide on AChE activity and monoamine neurotransmitter content,as well as learning and memory ability in a D-galactose-induced aging mouse brain model compared with the positive control drug Kangnaoling. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Completely randomized,controlled experiment based on neurobiochemistry was performed at the Pharmacological Laboratory,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September to December 2003. MATERIALS:Schisandra chinensis was purchased from Henan Provincial Medicinal Company. Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Kangnaoling pellets were provided by Liaoning Tianlong Pharmaceutical(batch No.20030804;state drug permit No.H21023095).A total of 50 six-week-old Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups:blank control,model,Kangnaoling,high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups,with 10 mice per group. METHODS:Mice in the blank control group were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 mL/20 g normal saline into the nape of the neck each day,while the remaining mice were subcutaneously injected with 5%D-galactose saline solution(0.5 mL/20 g) in the nape for 40 days to induce a brain aging model.On day 11,mice in the high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups were intragastrically infused with 20 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide solution(0.2 mL/10 g),respectively.Mice from the Kangnaoling group were intragastrically infused with 35 mg/mL Kangnaoling suspension(0.2 ml/10 g),and the mice in the model group were intragastrically infused with the same volume of normal saline(0.2 mL/10 g) once per day for 30 consecutive days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Two hours after the final administration,pathohistological changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were observed using hematoxylin & eosin staining.AChE activity was detected using chromatometry.Monoamine neurotransmitter content was measured using fluorimetry.Learning and memory was measured using the step down test and darkness avoidance test. RESULTS:Both Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide and Kangnaoling improved pathological injury to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in a mouse model of brain aging.Compared with the blank control group,AChE activity and content of norepinephrine(NA),dopamine(DA),and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) were significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01).In contrast, AChE activity and NA,DA,and 5-HT levels significantly increased in the Kangnaoling and high dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups(P<0.01),while NA levels significantly increased in the low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide group(P<0.01).Drug treatment improved learning and memory abilities(P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide significantly increased levels of central neurotransmitters and improved learning and memory in a mouse model of brain aging.The effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide were equal to that of Kangnaoling pellets.展开更多
基金supported by the International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Program of China(No.2009DFA31230)the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Program from Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province(No.2010B090400533)
文摘A high-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC)method was successfully developed for the preparative separation and purification of deoxyschizandrin from Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus in one step.The purity of deoxyschizandrin was 98.5%,and the structure was identified by MS,UV and NMR.This method was simple,fast,convenient and appropriate to prepare pure compound as reference substances for related research on Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus.
基金Fourth Chinese Materia Medica Resources Survey(Z135080000022)。
文摘Schisandra Chinensis Fructus(SCF)is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.,a perennial vine.It was first recorded in Shen Nong′s herbal classic and has a long application history.Studies have shown that SCF has anti-inflammatory,protective liver,antioxidant,antibacterial and other pharmacological effects.Ancient prescriptions are commonly used in the treatment of chronic diarrhea and other intestinal diseases and diabetes.Modern clinical pharmacology features of SCF polysaccharide(SCFP)in diabetes,liver diseases,enteritis and other aspects have achieved excellent results.Gut is an important digestive organ of human body,but intestinal diseases are varied,including Crohn′s disease,ulcerative colitis,intestinal flora imbalance,etc..It is a chronic and non-specific inflammatory disease.The disease is persisted for a long time and the incidence rate is expected to rise.Most of the symptoms are recurrent diarrhea,bloody stool and abdominal pain.It is considered by the World Health Organization as a refractory disease.At present,there is little possibility of complete cure,which is closely related to complex environmental factors,eating habits and heredity.In recent years,clinical studies have found that SCFP has a variety of pharmacological effects on intestinal protection.①Reduce inflammatory factors:intestinal mucositis is a common adverse reaction in patients with chemotherapy.The development of mucositis is related to pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL^(-1)β,Interferon-γ(IFN-γ).SCFP can significantly reduce IL-6 TNF-α,IL^(-1)β,and IL-8,as well as the accumulation of T cells in the process of resisting apoptosis,reduce the inflammatory reaction and protect the damage to villi and crypts,improve the symptoms of small intestinal mucositis caused by weight loss and diarrhea.②Promote immunoglobulin A secretion:intestinal mucosal immunity is the first line of defense of the body′s immune system.Its main antibody is secretory immunoglobulin A,which can destroy and phagocytize microorganisms,bacteria and viruses.SCFP can improve intestinal immunity by increasing the number and activity of T lymphocytes,promoting the secretion of secretory immunoglobulin A,and affecting the activity of a variety of cytokines.③Regulation of intestinal flora:the flora in the intestine has the functions of auxiliary nutrient absorption,biological antagonism and immune regulation,and can form a natural barrier for the host's intestine.When the human intestinal flora is disordered,probiotics will be greatly reduced,harmful bacteria will proliferate and destroy the intestinal environment.Under these conditions,the intake of SCFP significantly increased the number of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus,and significantly decreased the number of conditional pathogens such as enterococcus and escherichia coli,indicating that SCFP can indeed regulate the intestinal disorder caused by lincomycin hydrochloride to a certain extent. This may be because beneficial bacteria in the intestine metabolize polysaccharides produce short chain fatty acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid, which reduces the pH value in the intestine and inhibits the growth of enterococcus and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, SCFP can treat and protect intestinal diseases to a certain extent, which provides a favorable basis for the treatment of intestinal diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81803793 and 31071989)the Young Scientist Program by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine。
文摘Objective:To investigate hypertriglyceridemia and hepatomegaly caused by Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus(FSS)and Schisandra chinensis Fructus(FSC)oils in mice.Methods:Mice were orally administered a single dose of SchisandraeFructusoils.Serumandhepatictriglyceride(TG),triglyceridetransferprotein(TTP),apolipoproteinB48(Apo B48),very-low-densitylipoprotein(VLDL),hepatocytegrowth factor(HGF),alanine aminotransfease(ALT)and liver index were measured at 6-120 h post-dosing.Results:FSS and FSC oil caused time and dose-dependent increases in serum and hepatic TG levels,with maximum increases in the liver(by 297%and 340%)at 12 h post-dosing and serum(244%and 439%)at 24-h post-dosing,respectively.Schisandrae Fructus oil treatments also elevated the levels of serum TTP by 51%and63%,Apo B48 by 152%and 425%,and VLDL by 67%and 38%in mice,respectively.FSS and FSC oil treatments also increased liver mass by 53%and 55%and HGF by 106%and 174%,but lowered serum ALT activity by 38%and 22%,respectively.Fenofibrate pre/co-treatment attenuated the FSS and FSC oil-induced elevation in serum TG levels by 41%and 49%at 48 h post-dosing,respectively,but increased hepatic TG contents(by 38%and 33%,respectively)at 12 h post-dosing.Conclusions:Our findings provide evidence to support the establishment of a novel mouse model of hypertriglyceridemia by oral administration of FSS oil(mainly increasing endogenous TG)and FSC oil(mainly elevating exogenous TG).
基金Support Program for New Century Excellent Talents in the National Ministry of Education,No. NCET-04-0657Henan Project for cultivation of Innovation Talents in Colleges and Universities No.2004-23
文摘BACKGROUND:The most prominent characteristic of brain aging is decreased learning and memory ability.The functions of learning and memory are closely related to intracerebral acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and monoamine neurotransmitter activity.Previous studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide has an anti-aging effect. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide on AChE activity and monoamine neurotransmitter content,as well as learning and memory ability in a D-galactose-induced aging mouse brain model compared with the positive control drug Kangnaoling. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Completely randomized,controlled experiment based on neurobiochemistry was performed at the Pharmacological Laboratory,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September to December 2003. MATERIALS:Schisandra chinensis was purchased from Henan Provincial Medicinal Company. Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Kangnaoling pellets were provided by Liaoning Tianlong Pharmaceutical(batch No.20030804;state drug permit No.H21023095).A total of 50 six-week-old Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups:blank control,model,Kangnaoling,high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups,with 10 mice per group. METHODS:Mice in the blank control group were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 mL/20 g normal saline into the nape of the neck each day,while the remaining mice were subcutaneously injected with 5%D-galactose saline solution(0.5 mL/20 g) in the nape for 40 days to induce a brain aging model.On day 11,mice in the high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups were intragastrically infused with 20 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide solution(0.2 mL/10 g),respectively.Mice from the Kangnaoling group were intragastrically infused with 35 mg/mL Kangnaoling suspension(0.2 ml/10 g),and the mice in the model group were intragastrically infused with the same volume of normal saline(0.2 mL/10 g) once per day for 30 consecutive days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Two hours after the final administration,pathohistological changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were observed using hematoxylin & eosin staining.AChE activity was detected using chromatometry.Monoamine neurotransmitter content was measured using fluorimetry.Learning and memory was measured using the step down test and darkness avoidance test. RESULTS:Both Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide and Kangnaoling improved pathological injury to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in a mouse model of brain aging.Compared with the blank control group,AChE activity and content of norepinephrine(NA),dopamine(DA),and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) were significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01).In contrast, AChE activity and NA,DA,and 5-HT levels significantly increased in the Kangnaoling and high dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups(P<0.01),while NA levels significantly increased in the low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide group(P<0.01).Drug treatment improved learning and memory abilities(P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide significantly increased levels of central neurotransmitters and improved learning and memory in a mouse model of brain aging.The effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide were equal to that of Kangnaoling pellets.
