Using visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares (PLS) regression, the rapid reagent-free analysis model for chromium (Cr) content in tideland reclamation soil in the Pearl Ri...Using visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares (PLS) regression, the rapid reagent-free analysis model for chromium (Cr) content in tideland reclamation soil in the Pearl River Delta, China was established. Based on Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing and PLS regression, a multi-parameters optimization platform (SG-PLS) covering 264 modes was constructed to select the appropriately spectral preprocessing mode. The optimal SG-PLS model was determined according to the prediction effect. The selected optimal parameters <em>d, p, m</em> and LV were 2, 6, 23 and 8, respectively. Using the validation samples that were not involved in modeling, the root mean square error (SEP<sub>V</sub>), relative root mean square error (R-SEP<sub>V</sub>) and correlation coefficients (R<sub>P, V</sub>) of prediction were 11.66 mg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup>, 10.7% and 0.722, respectively. The results indicated that the feasibility of using Vis-NIR spectroscopy combined with SG-PLS method to analyze soil Cr content. The constructed multi-parameters optimization platform with SG-PLS is expected to be applied to a wider field of analysis. The rapid detection method has important application values to large-scale agricultural production.展开更多
In this work,we study the linearized Landau equation with soft potentials and show that the smooth solution to the Cauchy problem with initial datum in L^(2)(ℝ^(3))enjoys an analytic regularization effect,and that the...In this work,we study the linearized Landau equation with soft potentials and show that the smooth solution to the Cauchy problem with initial datum in L^(2)(ℝ^(3))enjoys an analytic regularization effect,and that the evolution of the analytic radius is the same as the heat equations.展开更多
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main mediator of the Renin-Angiotensin-System acting on AT<sub>1</sub> and other AT receptors. It is regarded as a pleiotropic agent that induces many actions, including func...Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main mediator of the Renin-Angiotensin-System acting on AT<sub>1</sub> and other AT receptors. It is regarded as a pleiotropic agent that induces many actions, including functioning as a growth factor, and as a contractile hormone, among others. The aim of this work was to examine the impact of Ang II on the expression and function of α<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors (α<sub>1</sub>-ARs) in cultured rat aorta, and aorta-derived smooth muscle cells. Isolated Wistar rat aorta was incubated for 24 h in DMEM at 37˚C, then subjected to isometric tension and to the action of added norepinephrine, in concentration-response curves. Ang II was added (1 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M), and in some experiments, 5-Methylurapidil (α<sub>1A</sub>-AR antagonist), AH11110A (α<sub>1B</sub>-AR antagonist), or BMY-7378 (α<sub>1D</sub>-AR antagonist), were used to identify the α<sub>1</sub>-AR involved in the response. Desensitization of the contractile response to norepinephrine was observed due to incubation time, and by the Ang II action. α<sub>1D</sub>-AR was protected from desensitization by BMY-7378;while RS-100329 and prazosin partially mitigated desensitization. In another set of experiments, isolated aorta-derived smooth muscle cells were exposed to Ang II and α<sub>1</sub>-ARs proteins were evaluated. α<sub>1D</sub>-AR increased at 30 and 60 min post Ang II exposure, the α<sub>1A</sub>-AR diminished from 1 to 4 h, while α<sub>1B</sub>-AR remained unchanged over 24 h of Ang II exposure. Ang II induced an increase of α<sub>1D</sub>-AR at short times, and BMY-7378 protected α<sub>1D</sub>-AR from desensitization.展开更多
In this paper, we present a nonmonotone smoothing Newton algorithm for solving the circular cone programming(CCP) problem in which a linear function is minimized or maximized over the intersection of an affine space w...In this paper, we present a nonmonotone smoothing Newton algorithm for solving the circular cone programming(CCP) problem in which a linear function is minimized or maximized over the intersection of an affine space with the circular cone. Based on the relationship between the circular cone and the second-order cone(SOC), we reformulate the CCP problem as the second-order cone problem(SOCP). By extending the nonmonotone line search for unconstrained optimization to the CCP, a nonmonotone smoothing Newton method is proposed for solving the CCP. Under suitable assumptions, the proposed algorithm is shown to be globally and locally quadratically convergent. Some preliminary numerical results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the CCP.展开更多
Data sparseness has been an inherited issue of statistical language models and smoothing method is usually used to resolve the zero count problems. In this paper, we studied empirically and analyzed the well-known smo...Data sparseness has been an inherited issue of statistical language models and smoothing method is usually used to resolve the zero count problems. In this paper, we studied empirically and analyzed the well-known smoothing methods of Good-Turing and advanced Good-Turing for language models on large sizes Chinese corpus. In the paper, ten models are generated sequentially on various size of corpus, from 30 M to 300 M Chinese words of CGW corpus. In our experiments, the smoothing methods;Good-Turing and Advanced Good-Turing smoothing are evaluated on inside testing and outside testing. Based on experiments results, we analyzed further the trends of perplexity of smoothing methods, which are useful for employing the effective smoothing methods to alleviate the issue of data sparseness on various sizes of language models. Finally, some helpful observations are described in detail.展开更多
In this article, we study the analytical smoothing effect of Cauchy problem for the incompressible Boussinesq equations. Precisely, we use the Fourier method to prove that the Sobolev H^1 -solution to the incompressib...In this article, we study the analytical smoothing effect of Cauchy problem for the incompressible Boussinesq equations. Precisely, we use the Fourier method to prove that the Sobolev H^1 -solution to the incompressible Boussinesq equations in periodic domain is analytic for any positive time. So the incompressible Boussinesq equations admit exactly same smoothing effect properties of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.展开更多
Multipath influence on code range under static condition is described firstly in this paper, and the problem that to what extent the phase-aided smoothing can mitigate multipath interference is detailed. Some problems...Multipath influence on code range under static condition is described firstly in this paper, and the problem that to what extent the phase-aided smoothing can mitigate multipath interference is detailed. Some problems regarding smoothing and mitigation are discussed. Suggestions based on the analysis has been made.展开更多
The extraction of spectral parameters is very difficult because of the limited energy resolution for NaI( TI) gamma-ray detectors. For statistical fluctuation of radioactivity under complex environment,some smoothing ...The extraction of spectral parameters is very difficult because of the limited energy resolution for NaI( TI) gamma-ray detectors. For statistical fluctuation of radioactivity under complex environment,some smoothing filtering methods are proposed to solve the problem. These methods include adopting method of arithmetic moving average,center of gravity,least squares of polynomial,slide converter of discrete funcion convolution etc. The process of spectrum data is realized,and the results are assessed in H / FWHM( Peak High / Full Width at Half Maximum) and peak area based on the Matlab programming. The results indicate that different methods smoothed spectrum have respective superiority in different ergoregion,but the Gaussian function theory in discrete function convolution slide method is used to filter the complex γ-spectrum on Embedded system platform,and the statistical fluctuation of γ-spectrum is filtered well.展开更多
A novel method to estimate DOA of coherent signals impinging on a uniform circular array( UCA) is presented in this paper. A virtual uniform linear array (VULA) is first derived by using spatial DFT technique, transfo...A novel method to estimate DOA of coherent signals impinging on a uniform circular array( UCA) is presented in this paper. A virtual uniform linear array (VULA) is first derived by using spatial DFT technique, transforming the UCA from element space to phase mode space to obtain the properties of ordinary ULA, and then the well known spatial smoothing technique is applied to the VULA so that the lost rank of covariance matrix due to signal coherence can be retrieved. This method makes it feasible to use the simple MUSIC algorithm to estimate DOA of coherent signals impinging on a UCA without heavy computation burden. Simulation results strongly verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.展开更多
In order to achieve refined precipitation grid data with high accuracy and high spatial resolution,hourly precipitation grid dataset with 1 km spatial resolution in Anhui Province from May to September (in the rainy s...In order to achieve refined precipitation grid data with high accuracy and high spatial resolution,hourly precipitation grid dataset with 1 km spatial resolution in Anhui Province from May to September (in the rainy season) in 2016 and from August 2017 to July 2018 was established based on thin plate smoothing spline (TPS),which meets the needs of climate change research and meteorological disaster risk assessment.The interpolation errors were then analyzed.The grid precipitation product obtained based on thin plate smoothing spline,CLDAS-FAST and CLDAS-FRT were evaluated.The results show that the interpolated values of hourly precipitation by thin plate smoothing spline are close to the observed values in the rainy season of 2016.The errors are generally below 0.9 mm/h.However,the errors of precipitation in the mountainous areas of eastern Huaibei and western Anhui are above 1.2 mm/h.On monthly scale,the errors in June and July are the largest,and the proportion of absolute values of the errors ≥2 mm/h is up to 2.0% in June and 2.2% in July.The errors in September are the smallest,and the proportion of absolute values of the errors ≥2 mm/h is only 0.6%.The root mean square (RMSE) is only 0.37 mm/h,and the correlation coefficient (COR) is 0.93.The interpolation accuracy of CLDAS-FRT is the highest,with the smallest RMSE (0.65 mm/h) and mean error ( ME =0.01 mm/h),and the largest COR (0.81).The accuracy of the precipitation product obtained by thin plate smoothing spline interpolation is close to that of CLDAS-FAST.Its RMSE is up to 0.80 mm/h,and its ME is only -0.01 mm/h.Its COR is 0.73,but its bias (BIAS) is up to 1.06 mm/h.展开更多
In this paper, we give a smoothing neural network algorithm for absolute value equations (AVE). By using smoothing function, we reformulate the AVE as a differentiable unconstrained optimization and we establish a ste...In this paper, we give a smoothing neural network algorithm for absolute value equations (AVE). By using smoothing function, we reformulate the AVE as a differentiable unconstrained optimization and we establish a steep descent method to solve it. We prove the stability and the equilibrium state of the neural network to be a solution of the AVE. The numerical tests show the efficient of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
The box constrained variational inequality problem can be reformulated as a nonsmooth equation by using median operator.In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton method for solving the box constrained variational in...The box constrained variational inequality problem can be reformulated as a nonsmooth equation by using median operator.In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton method for solving the box constrained variational inequality problem based on a new smoothing approximation function.The proposed algorithm is proved to be well defined and convergent globally under weaker conditions.展开更多
A number of conventional interpolation techniques have been proposed. However, it seems that there do not exist good criteria for the design of optimal linear interpolators. Also, such an interpolator can hardly provi...A number of conventional interpolation techniques have been proposed. However, it seems that there do not exist good criteria for the design of optimal linear interpolators. Also, such an interpolator can hardly provide a satisfactory solution for interpolating noisy images. In this paper, the novelty of this research is that a universal approach is proposed to design an image interpolator with any one image smoothing filter, thereby not only interpolating a down-sampled image but also preserving the characteristics of the performing filtering.展开更多
In this paper, the Holt’s exponential smoothing and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were used to forecast inflation rate of Zambia using the monthly consumer price index (CPI) data from May 2...In this paper, the Holt’s exponential smoothing and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were used to forecast inflation rate of Zambia using the monthly consumer price index (CPI) data from May 2010 to May 2014. Results show that the ARIMA ((12), 1, 0) is an adequate model which best fits the CPI time series data and is therefore suitable for forecasting CPI and subsequently the inflation rate. However, the choice of the Holt’s exponential smoothing is as good as an ARIMA model considering the smaller deviations in the mean absolute percentage error and mean square error. Moreover, the Holt’s exponential smoothing model is less complicated since you do not require specialised software to implement it as is the case for ARIMA models. The forecasted inflation rate for April and May, 2015 is 7.0 and 6.6 respectively.展开更多
This paper is aimed at the derivation of a discrete data smoothing function for the discrete Dirichlet condition in a regular grid on the surface of a spheroid.The method employed here is the local L^2-seminorm minimi...This paper is aimed at the derivation of a discrete data smoothing function for the discrete Dirichlet condition in a regular grid on the surface of a spheroid.The method employed here is the local L^2-seminorm minimization,through Euler-Lagrange method,for the Beltrami operator.The method results in a weighted average of the surrounding points in a te mplate based on the first order Taylor expansion of the unknown function under consideration.The coefficients of the weighted average are calculated and used to smooth the Geoid height data in Iran,derived from the EGM2008 geopotential model.展开更多
Texture smoothing is a fundamental tool in various applications. In this work, a new image texture smoothing method is proposed by defining a novel objective function, which is optimized by L0-norm minimization and a ...Texture smoothing is a fundamental tool in various applications. In this work, a new image texture smoothing method is proposed by defining a novel objective function, which is optimized by L0-norm minimization and a modified relative total variation measure. In addition, the gradient constraint is adopted in objective function to eliminate the staircase effect, which can preserve the structure edges of small gradients. The experimental results show that compared with the state-of-the-art methods, especially the L0 gradient minimization method and the relative total variation method, the proposed method achieves better results in image texture smoothing and significant structure preserving.展开更多
Smoothness prior approach for spectral smoothing is investigated using Fourier frequency filter analysis.We show that the regularization parameter in penalized least squares could continuously control the bandwidth of...Smoothness prior approach for spectral smoothing is investigated using Fourier frequency filter analysis.We show that the regularization parameter in penalized least squares could continuously control the bandwidth of low-pass filter.Besides,due to its property of interpolating the missing values automatically and smoothly,a spectral baseline correction algorithm based on the approach is proposed.This algorithm generally comprises spectral peak detection and baseline estimation.First,the spectral peak regions are detected and identified according to the second derivatives.Then,generalized smoothness prior approach combining identification information could estimate the baseline in peak regions.Results with both the simulated and real spectra show accurate baseline-corrected signals with this method.展开更多
A grey smoothing model for predicting mine gas emission was presented by combining the grey system theory with the smoothing prediction technique. First of all, according to the variable sequence, GM(1,1) model was se...A grey smoothing model for predicting mine gas emission was presented by combining the grey system theory with the smoothing prediction technique. First of all, according to the variable sequence, GM(1,1) model was set up to predict the general development trend of variable as first fitted values, then the smoothing prediction technique was used to revise the fitted values so as to improve the accuracy of prediction. The results of application in the No.6 Coal Mine in Pingdingshan mining area show that the grey smoothing model has higher accuracy than that of GM(1,1) in predicting the variable sequence with strong fluctuation. The research provides a new scientific method for predicting mine gas emission.展开更多
文摘Using visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares (PLS) regression, the rapid reagent-free analysis model for chromium (Cr) content in tideland reclamation soil in the Pearl River Delta, China was established. Based on Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing and PLS regression, a multi-parameters optimization platform (SG-PLS) covering 264 modes was constructed to select the appropriately spectral preprocessing mode. The optimal SG-PLS model was determined according to the prediction effect. The selected optimal parameters <em>d, p, m</em> and LV were 2, 6, 23 and 8, respectively. Using the validation samples that were not involved in modeling, the root mean square error (SEP<sub>V</sub>), relative root mean square error (R-SEP<sub>V</sub>) and correlation coefficients (R<sub>P, V</sub>) of prediction were 11.66 mg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup>, 10.7% and 0.722, respectively. The results indicated that the feasibility of using Vis-NIR spectroscopy combined with SG-PLS method to analyze soil Cr content. The constructed multi-parameters optimization platform with SG-PLS is expected to be applied to a wider field of analysis. The rapid detection method has important application values to large-scale agricultural production.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China (2022CFB444)the Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modelling and High Performance Computing of Air Vehicles (NUAA)+1 种基金supported by the NSFC (12031006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
文摘In this work,we study the linearized Landau equation with soft potentials and show that the smooth solution to the Cauchy problem with initial datum in L^(2)(ℝ^(3))enjoys an analytic regularization effect,and that the evolution of the analytic radius is the same as the heat equations.
文摘Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main mediator of the Renin-Angiotensin-System acting on AT<sub>1</sub> and other AT receptors. It is regarded as a pleiotropic agent that induces many actions, including functioning as a growth factor, and as a contractile hormone, among others. The aim of this work was to examine the impact of Ang II on the expression and function of α<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors (α<sub>1</sub>-ARs) in cultured rat aorta, and aorta-derived smooth muscle cells. Isolated Wistar rat aorta was incubated for 24 h in DMEM at 37˚C, then subjected to isometric tension and to the action of added norepinephrine, in concentration-response curves. Ang II was added (1 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M), and in some experiments, 5-Methylurapidil (α<sub>1A</sub>-AR antagonist), AH11110A (α<sub>1B</sub>-AR antagonist), or BMY-7378 (α<sub>1D</sub>-AR antagonist), were used to identify the α<sub>1</sub>-AR involved in the response. Desensitization of the contractile response to norepinephrine was observed due to incubation time, and by the Ang II action. α<sub>1D</sub>-AR was protected from desensitization by BMY-7378;while RS-100329 and prazosin partially mitigated desensitization. In another set of experiments, isolated aorta-derived smooth muscle cells were exposed to Ang II and α<sub>1</sub>-ARs proteins were evaluated. α<sub>1D</sub>-AR increased at 30 and 60 min post Ang II exposure, the α<sub>1A</sub>-AR diminished from 1 to 4 h, while α<sub>1B</sub>-AR remained unchanged over 24 h of Ang II exposure. Ang II induced an increase of α<sub>1D</sub>-AR at short times, and BMY-7378 protected α<sub>1D</sub>-AR from desensitization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11401126,71471140 and 11361018)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2016GXNSFBA380102 and 2014GXNSFFA118001)+2 种基金Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security(GCIS201618)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments(YQ15112 and YQ16112)China
文摘In this paper, we present a nonmonotone smoothing Newton algorithm for solving the circular cone programming(CCP) problem in which a linear function is minimized or maximized over the intersection of an affine space with the circular cone. Based on the relationship between the circular cone and the second-order cone(SOC), we reformulate the CCP problem as the second-order cone problem(SOCP). By extending the nonmonotone line search for unconstrained optimization to the CCP, a nonmonotone smoothing Newton method is proposed for solving the CCP. Under suitable assumptions, the proposed algorithm is shown to be globally and locally quadratically convergent. Some preliminary numerical results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the CCP.
文摘Data sparseness has been an inherited issue of statistical language models and smoothing method is usually used to resolve the zero count problems. In this paper, we studied empirically and analyzed the well-known smoothing methods of Good-Turing and advanced Good-Turing for language models on large sizes Chinese corpus. In the paper, ten models are generated sequentially on various size of corpus, from 30 M to 300 M Chinese words of CGW corpus. In our experiments, the smoothing methods;Good-Turing and Advanced Good-Turing smoothing are evaluated on inside testing and outside testing. Based on experiments results, we analyzed further the trends of perplexity of smoothing methods, which are useful for employing the effective smoothing methods to alleviate the issue of data sparseness on various sizes of language models. Finally, some helpful observations are described in detail.
基金supported partially by "The Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China"
文摘In this article, we study the analytical smoothing effect of Cauchy problem for the incompressible Boussinesq equations. Precisely, we use the Fourier method to prove that the Sobolev H^1 -solution to the incompressible Boussinesq equations in periodic domain is analytic for any positive time. So the incompressible Boussinesq equations admit exactly same smoothing effect properties of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.
基金Project supported by Opening Research Foundation from LIESMARS (NoWKL(97)0103)
文摘Multipath influence on code range under static condition is described firstly in this paper, and the problem that to what extent the phase-aided smoothing can mitigate multipath interference is detailed. Some problems regarding smoothing and mitigation are discussed. Suggestions based on the analysis has been made.
基金Sponsored by the Natural Science Fundation of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20114BAB211026 and 20122BAB201028)the Open Science Fund from Key Laboratory of Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Fundamental Science for National Defense,East China Institute of Technology(Grant No.2010RGET11)
文摘The extraction of spectral parameters is very difficult because of the limited energy resolution for NaI( TI) gamma-ray detectors. For statistical fluctuation of radioactivity under complex environment,some smoothing filtering methods are proposed to solve the problem. These methods include adopting method of arithmetic moving average,center of gravity,least squares of polynomial,slide converter of discrete funcion convolution etc. The process of spectrum data is realized,and the results are assessed in H / FWHM( Peak High / Full Width at Half Maximum) and peak area based on the Matlab programming. The results indicate that different methods smoothed spectrum have respective superiority in different ergoregion,but the Gaussian function theory in discrete function convolution slide method is used to filter the complex γ-spectrum on Embedded system platform,and the statistical fluctuation of γ-spectrum is filtered well.
文摘A novel method to estimate DOA of coherent signals impinging on a uniform circular array( UCA) is presented in this paper. A virtual uniform linear array (VULA) is first derived by using spatial DFT technique, transforming the UCA from element space to phase mode space to obtain the properties of ordinary ULA, and then the well known spatial smoothing technique is applied to the VULA so that the lost rank of covariance matrix due to signal coherence can be retrieved. This method makes it feasible to use the simple MUSIC algorithm to estimate DOA of coherent signals impinging on a UCA without heavy computation burden. Simulation results strongly verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
基金Supported by New Technology Integration Project of Anhui Meteorological Bureau(AHXJ201704)Project for Masters and Doctors of Anhui Meteorological Bureau(RC201701)
文摘In order to achieve refined precipitation grid data with high accuracy and high spatial resolution,hourly precipitation grid dataset with 1 km spatial resolution in Anhui Province from May to September (in the rainy season) in 2016 and from August 2017 to July 2018 was established based on thin plate smoothing spline (TPS),which meets the needs of climate change research and meteorological disaster risk assessment.The interpolation errors were then analyzed.The grid precipitation product obtained based on thin plate smoothing spline,CLDAS-FAST and CLDAS-FRT were evaluated.The results show that the interpolated values of hourly precipitation by thin plate smoothing spline are close to the observed values in the rainy season of 2016.The errors are generally below 0.9 mm/h.However,the errors of precipitation in the mountainous areas of eastern Huaibei and western Anhui are above 1.2 mm/h.On monthly scale,the errors in June and July are the largest,and the proportion of absolute values of the errors ≥2 mm/h is up to 2.0% in June and 2.2% in July.The errors in September are the smallest,and the proportion of absolute values of the errors ≥2 mm/h is only 0.6%.The root mean square (RMSE) is only 0.37 mm/h,and the correlation coefficient (COR) is 0.93.The interpolation accuracy of CLDAS-FRT is the highest,with the smallest RMSE (0.65 mm/h) and mean error ( ME =0.01 mm/h),and the largest COR (0.81).The accuracy of the precipitation product obtained by thin plate smoothing spline interpolation is close to that of CLDAS-FAST.Its RMSE is up to 0.80 mm/h,and its ME is only -0.01 mm/h.Its COR is 0.73,but its bias (BIAS) is up to 1.06 mm/h.
文摘In this paper, we give a smoothing neural network algorithm for absolute value equations (AVE). By using smoothing function, we reformulate the AVE as a differentiable unconstrained optimization and we establish a steep descent method to solve it. We prove the stability and the equilibrium state of the neural network to be a solution of the AVE. The numerical tests show the efficient of the proposed algorithm.
基金Supported by the NNSF of China（11071041）Supported by the Fujian Natural Science Foundation（2009J01002）Supported by the Fujian Department of Education Foundation（JA11270）
文摘The box constrained variational inequality problem can be reformulated as a nonsmooth equation by using median operator.In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton method for solving the box constrained variational inequality problem based on a new smoothing approximation function.The proposed algorithm is proved to be well defined and convergent globally under weaker conditions.
文摘A number of conventional interpolation techniques have been proposed. However, it seems that there do not exist good criteria for the design of optimal linear interpolators. Also, such an interpolator can hardly provide a satisfactory solution for interpolating noisy images. In this paper, the novelty of this research is that a universal approach is proposed to design an image interpolator with any one image smoothing filter, thereby not only interpolating a down-sampled image but also preserving the characteristics of the performing filtering.
文摘In this paper, the Holt’s exponential smoothing and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were used to forecast inflation rate of Zambia using the monthly consumer price index (CPI) data from May 2010 to May 2014. Results show that the ARIMA ((12), 1, 0) is an adequate model which best fits the CPI time series data and is therefore suitable for forecasting CPI and subsequently the inflation rate. However, the choice of the Holt’s exponential smoothing is as good as an ARIMA model considering the smaller deviations in the mean absolute percentage error and mean square error. Moreover, the Holt’s exponential smoothing model is less complicated since you do not require specialised software to implement it as is the case for ARIMA models. The forecasted inflation rate for April and May, 2015 is 7.0 and 6.6 respectively.
文摘This paper is aimed at the derivation of a discrete data smoothing function for the discrete Dirichlet condition in a regular grid on the surface of a spheroid.The method employed here is the local L^2-seminorm minimization,through Euler-Lagrange method,for the Beltrami operator.The method results in a weighted average of the surrounding points in a te mplate based on the first order Taylor expansion of the unknown function under consideration.The coefficients of the weighted average are calculated and used to smooth the Geoid height data in Iran,derived from the EGM2008 geopotential model.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund(No.61807029)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.F2019203427).
文摘Texture smoothing is a fundamental tool in various applications. In this work, a new image texture smoothing method is proposed by defining a novel objective function, which is optimized by L0-norm minimization and a modified relative total variation measure. In addition, the gradient constraint is adopted in objective function to eliminate the staircase effect, which can preserve the structure edges of small gradients. The experimental results show that compared with the state-of-the-art methods, especially the L0 gradient minimization method and the relative total variation method, the proposed method achieves better results in image texture smoothing and significant structure preserving.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(61178072)
文摘Smoothness prior approach for spectral smoothing is investigated using Fourier frequency filter analysis.We show that the regularization parameter in penalized least squares could continuously control the bandwidth of low-pass filter.Besides,due to its property of interpolating the missing values automatically and smoothly,a spectral baseline correction algorithm based on the approach is proposed.This algorithm generally comprises spectral peak detection and baseline estimation.First,the spectral peak regions are detected and identified according to the second derivatives.Then,generalized smoothness prior approach combining identification information could estimate the baseline in peak regions.Results with both the simulated and real spectra show accurate baseline-corrected signals with this method.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40 172 0 5 9)
文摘A grey smoothing model for predicting mine gas emission was presented by combining the grey system theory with the smoothing prediction technique. First of all, according to the variable sequence, GM(1,1) model was set up to predict the general development trend of variable as first fitted values, then the smoothing prediction technique was used to revise the fitted values so as to improve the accuracy of prediction. The results of application in the No.6 Coal Mine in Pingdingshan mining area show that the grey smoothing model has higher accuracy than that of GM(1,1) in predicting the variable sequence with strong fluctuation. The research provides a new scientific method for predicting mine gas emission.
