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Preferences for oral-vs blood-based human immunodeficiency virus self-testing:A scoping review of the literature
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作者 Victor Abiola Adepoju Winifred Imoyera Ali Johnson Onoja 《World Journal of Methodology》 2023年第3期142-152,共11页
BACKGROUND The evidence on preferences for oral-vs blood-based human immunodeficiency virus self-testing(HIVST)has been heterogenous and inconclusive.In addition,most evaluations have relied on hypothetical or stated ... BACKGROUND The evidence on preferences for oral-vs blood-based human immunodeficiency virus self-testing(HIVST)has been heterogenous and inconclusive.In addition,most evaluations have relied on hypothetical or stated use cases using discreet choice experiments rather than actual preferences among experienced users,which are more objective and critical for the understanding of product uptake.Direct head-to-head comparison of consumer preferences for oral-versus bloodbased HIVST is lacking.AIM To examine the existing literature on preferences for oral-vs blood-based HIVST,determine the factors that impact these preferences,and assess the potential implications for HIVST programs.METHODS Databases such as PubMed,Medline,Google Scholar,and Web of Science were searched for articles published between January 2011 to October 2022.Articles must address preferences for oral-vs blood-based HIVST.The study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist to ensure the quality of the study.RESULTS The initial search revealed 2424 records,of which 8 studies were finally included in the scoping review.Pooled preference for blood-based HIVST was 48.8%(9%-78.6%),whereas pooled preference for oral HIVST was 59.8%(34.2%-91%)across all studies.However,for male-specific studies,the preference for blood-based HIVST(58%-65.6%)was higher than that for oral(34.2%-41%).The four studies that reported a higher preference for blood-based HIVST were in men.Participants considered blood-based HIVST to be more accurate and rapid,while those with a higher preference for oral HIVST did so because these were considered non-invasive and easy to use.CONCLUSION Consistently in the literature,men preferred blood-based HIVST over oral HIVST due to higher risk perception and desire for a test that provides higher accuracy coupled with rapidity,autonomy,privacy,and confidentiality,whereas those with a higher preference for oral HIVST did so because these were considered non-invasive and easy to use.Misinformation and distrust need to be addressed through promotional messaging to maximize the diversity of this new biomedical technology. 展开更多
关键词 Human immunodeficiency virus self-testing PREFERENCES Oral human immunodeficiency virus self-testing Blood-based human immunodeficiency virus self-testing
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Acceptability and strategies for enhancing uptake of human immunodeficiency virus self-testing in Nigeria
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作者 Victor Abiola Adepoju Chidinma Umebido +1 位作者 Ademola Adelekan Ali Johnson Onoja 《World Journal of Methodology》 2023年第3期127-141,共15页
BACKGROUND In 2019,the Nigerian Ministry of Health published the first operational guidelines for human immunodeficiency virus self-testing(HIVST)to improve access to human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing services ... BACKGROUND In 2019,the Nigerian Ministry of Health published the first operational guidelines for human immunodeficiency virus self-testing(HIVST)to improve access to human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing services among undertested populations in the country.Also,as part of the campaign to increase HIV testing services in Nigeria,the Nigerian Ministry of Health developed standard operating procedures for using HIVST kits.AIM To systematically review the acceptability and strategies for enhancing the uptake of HIVST in Nigeria.METHODS The systematic review was conducted and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Different databases were searched to get the necessary materials needed for this review.Standardized forms developed by the authors were used for data extraction to minimize the risk of bias and ensure that the articles used for the study were properly screened.Identified articles were first screened using the titles and their abstracts.The full papers were screened,and the similarities of the documents were determined.Qualitative,quantitative,and mixed-method studies were evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and Critical Appraisal Framework criteria.RESULTS All the publications reviewed were published between 2015 and 2022,with 33.3%published in 2021.Most(77.8%)of the studies were cross-sectional,43.3%were conducted in Lagos State,and 26.3%were conducted among young people.The study revealed a high level of acceptability of HIVST.Certain factors,such as gender,sexual activity,and previous testing experience,influence the acceptability of HIV self-testing,with some individuals more likely to opt-out.The cost of the kit was reported as the strongest factor for choosing HIVST services,and this ranged from 200 to 4000 Naira(approximately United States Dollar 0.55-11.07),with the majority willing to pay 500 Naira(approximately United States Dollar 1.38).Privately-owned,registered pharmacies,youthfriendly centres,supermarkets,and online stores were the most cited access locations for HIVST.The least influential attribute was the type of specimen needed for HIVST.Strategies addressing cost and preferred access points and diverse needs for social media promotion,local translation of product use instructions,and HIVST distribution led by key opinion leaders for key populations were found to significantly enhance HIVST uptake and linkage to care.CONCLUSION HIVST acceptability is generally high from an intention-to-use perspective.Targeted strategies are required to improve the acceptability of HIV self-testing,especially among males,sexually active individuals,and first-time testers.Identified and proposed uptake-enhancing strategies need to be investigated in controlled settings and among different populations and distribution models in Nigeria. 展开更多
关键词 ACCEPTABILITY HIV self-testing UPTAKE Intention-to-use Regulation Linkage to care
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Robustness self-testing of states and measurements in the prepare-and-measure scenario with 3 → 1 random access code
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作者 魏士慧 郭奋卓 +1 位作者 李新慧 温巧燕 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第7期144-151,共8页
Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(... Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(2018)].They realized the self-testing of preparations and measurements in an N → 1(N ≥ 2) random access code(RAC), and provided robustness bounds in a 2 → 1 RAC.Since all N → 1 RACs with shared randomness are combinations of 2 → 1 and 3 → 1 RACs, the3 → 1 RAC is just as important as the 2 → 1 RAC.In this paper, we find a set of preparations and measurements in the3 → 1 RAC, and use them to complete the robustness self-testing analysis in the prepare-and-measure scenario.The method is robust to small but inevitable experimental errors. 展开更多
关键词 ROBUSTNESS self-testING prepare-and-measure SCENARIO 3 1 random access CODE
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Efficient self-testing system for quantum computations based on permutations
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作者 马树泉 朱畅华 +1 位作者 聂敏 权东晓 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第4期61-73,共13页
Verification in quantum computations is crucial since quantum systems are extremely vulnerable to the environment.However,verifying directly the output of a quantum computation is difficult since we know that efficien... Verification in quantum computations is crucial since quantum systems are extremely vulnerable to the environment.However,verifying directly the output of a quantum computation is difficult since we know that efficiently simulating a large-scale quantum computation on a classical computer is usually thought to be impossible.To overcome this difficulty,we propose a self-testing system for quantum computations,which can be used to verify if a quantum computation is performed correctly by itself.Our basic idea is using some extra ancilla qubits to test the output of the computation.We design two kinds of permutation circuits into the original quantum circuit:one is applied on the ancilla qubits whose output indicates the testing information,the other is applied on all qubits(including ancilla qubits) which is aiming to uniformly permute the positions of all qubits.We show that both permutation circuits are easy to achieve.By this way,we prove that any quantum computation has an efficient self-testing system.In the end,we also discuss the relation between our self-testing system and interactive proof systems,and show that the two systems are equivalent if the verifier is allowed to have some quantum capacity. 展开更多
关键词 quantum computation VERIFICATION self-testing systems complexity theory
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Assessing the Acceptability and Willingness to Use HIV Self-Testing among Student Nurses in a Private Nursing College, Gauteng Province, South Africa
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作者 Sphiwe Madiba Molly Segobola Mathildah Mokgatle 《World Journal of AIDS》 2015年第3期208-216,共9页
Globally, there is increasing evidence that HIV self-testing (HIVST) is commonly practiced among health care workers (HCWs). Although HIVST kits are available in South Africa, their distribution and use remain unregul... Globally, there is increasing evidence that HIV self-testing (HIVST) is commonly practiced among health care workers (HCWs). Although HIVST kits are available in South Africa, their distribution and use remain unregulated and its acceptability, undocumented. The aim of the study was to explore the acceptability of HIV self-testing among student nurses, examine their willingness to use self-testing, and evaluate their views on the implementation of a regulated HIV self-testing programme. This was a qualitative explorative study, and six focus group discussions were conducted with 67 student nurses recruited from a private nursing college, in Pretoria, South Africa. Thematic analysis and NVivo10 qualitative software were used for data analysis. The nurses perceived HIVST as an acceptable option for HIV testing and most were willing to self-test. Self-testing will provide confidential and accessible HIV testing services, reduce the stigma associated with the condition, and increase partner testing and disclosure. HIVST is more likely to be practised if self-testing kits are easily accessible and affordable, and there are strategies to educate people before the adoption of HIVST. The lack of pre- and post-test counselling, the risk of inaccurate test results, and lack of strategies for the confirmation of self-testing results were the main arguments against HIVST. The high acceptance of HIVST among nurses suggests that HIVST is a feasible option to increase the uptake of HIV-testing among HCWs. However, pre- and post-test counselling should be considered important components in the implementation of self-testing services. Educational and awareness campaigns should precede the roll-out of the self-testing programs. 展开更多
关键词 HIV self-testING Nurses ACCEPTABILITY South AFRICA Health Care Workers
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HIV Self-Testing Kits Uptake in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe, 2019-2020: A Secondary Data Analysis
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作者 Tendai Hlabangana Owen Mugurungi +5 位作者 Howard Nyika Emmanuel Govha Tsitsi Patience Juru Notion Tafara Gombe Addmore Chadambuka Mufuta Tshimanga 《World Journal of AIDS》 2022年第1期20-31,共12页
Background: Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus Self-Testing (HIVST) is a process where an individual who wants to know their HIV status collects a specimen, performs a test and interprets the result by themselves. HIVST da... Background: Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus Self-Testing (HIVST) is a process where an individual who wants to know their HIV status collects a specimen, performs a test and interprets the result by themselves. HIVST data from the Zimbabwe AIDS and TB Program (ATP) directorate showed that between 2019-2020, only 31% of the target HIVST kits were distributed in the country. Mashonaland West Province was one of the least performing provinces in meeting targets for HIVST kits distribution. Gaps in the implementation of the HIVST in the province ultimately affect the nationwide scaleup of targeted testing, a key enabler in achieving HIV epidemic control. We analyzed HIVST trends in Mashonaland West Province to inform HIV testing services programming. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using HIVST secondary data obtained from the District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) electronic database. We conducted regression analysis for trends using Epi Info 7.2 and tables, bar graphs, pie charts and linear graphs were used for data presentation. Results: A total of 31,070 clients accessed HIVST kits in Mashonaland West Province from 2019-2020. A slightly higher proportion (50.4% and 51.7%) of females as compared to males accessed HIVST kits in 2019 and 2020 respectively. Overall, an increase in the trend of HIVST kits uptake was recorded (males R<sup>2</sup> = 0.3945, p-value = 0.003 and females R<sup>2</sup> = 0.4739, p-value = 0.001). There was generally a decline in the trend of community-based distribution of HIVST kits from the third quarter of 2019 throughout 2020 (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.2441, p-value = 0.006). Primary distribution of HIVST kits remained the dominant method of distribution, constituting more than half of the kits distributed in both 2019 (67%) and 2020 (86%). Conclusion: Mashonaland West Province was mainly utilising facility-based distribution model for HIVST over the community-based distribution model. We recommended training more community-based distribution agents to increase community distribution of HIVST kits. 展开更多
关键词 HIV self-testing Analysis Secondary Data
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Uptake of HIV Self-testing among Men Who have Sex with Men in Beijing, China: a Cross-sectional Study 被引量:13
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作者 REN Xian Long WU Zun You +3 位作者 MI Guo Dong MCGOOGAN Jennifer ROU Ke Ming ZHAO Yan 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第6期407-417,共11页
Objective To examine HIV self-testing uptake and its determinates among men who have sex with men(MSM) in Beijing, China. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Beijing, China in 2016. Participants w... Objective To examine HIV self-testing uptake and its determinates among men who have sex with men(MSM) in Beijing, China. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Beijing, China in 2016. Participants were users of a popular Chinese gay networking application and had an unknown or negative HIV status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with HIV self-testing based on adjusted odds ratio(AOR) and 95% confidence interval(CI). Results Among the 5,996 MSM included in the study, 2,383(39.7%) reported to have used HIV self-testing kits. Willingness to use an HIV self-test kit in the future was expressed by 92% of the participants. High monthly income(AOR = 1.49; CI = 1.10-2.02; P = 0.010), large number of male sex partners(≥ 2: AOR = 1.24; CI = 1.09-1.43; P = 0.002), sexual activity with commercial male sex partners(≥ 2: AOR = 1.94; CI = 1.34-2.82; P = 0.001), long-term drug use(AOR = 1.42; CI = 1.23-1.62; P < 0.001), and long-term HIV voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) attendance(AOR = 3.62; CI = 3.11-4.22; P < 0.001) were all associated with increased odds of HIV self-testing uptake. Conclusion The nearly 40% rate of HIV self-testing uptake among MSM in our sample was high. In addition, an over 90% willingness to use kits in the future was encouraging. HIV self-testing could be an important solution to help China achieve the global target of having 90% of all people living with HIV diagnosed by 2020. 展开更多
关键词 艾滋病毒 自我检测 性行为 中国 北京 吸收 LOGISTIC回归分析 横断面
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An Adaptive Ramp Generator for ADC Built-in Self-Test 被引量:1
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作者 张娜 姚素英 张钰 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2008年第3期178-181,共4页
An adaptive ramp generator based on linear histogram was proposed for the built-in selftest (BIST) of analog to digital convertor (ADC) in CMOS image sensor. By comparing the generated ramp signal to a reference volta... An adaptive ramp generator based on linear histogram was proposed for the built-in selftest (BIST) of analog to digital convertor (ADC) in CMOS image sensor. By comparing the generated ramp signal to a reference voltage and feeding back a calibration signal, the slope adjustment was implemented, and high linearity and precision of ramp slope were realized. By modulating the pulse width and reference voltage, sweep length varied from microsecond to second and signal swing could reach 3 V with 5.6 mW power consumption. The ramp was used as input to an ideal 10-bit single-slope ADC, and the corresponding DNL and INL were 0.032 LSB and 0.078 LSB, re-spectively. 展开更多
关键词 自适应发电机 自适应电路 内置自检验 积分电路
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Feasibility of a finger prick-based self-testing kit in first- and second-degree relatives of children with coeliac disease
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作者 Judith Pichler Matthias Zilbauer +3 位作者 Franco Torrente Robert Heuschkel Alan Phillips Camilla Salvestrini 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第14期1840-1843,共4页
AIM:To assess feasibility of a finger prick-based kit as method for self-testing of first and second-degree relatives of coeliac disease (CD) patients. METHODS:A total number of 379 subjects were invited to participat... AIM:To assess feasibility of a finger prick-based kit as method for self-testing of first and second-degree relatives of coeliac disease (CD) patients. METHODS:A total number of 379 subjects were invited to participate in this study,consisting of 197 first- degree and 182 second-degree relatives of CD patients. The self-testing kit (BiocardTM) was sent out with included instructions for use. Completed tests were sent back to the study coordinator for assessment. RESULTS:One hundred and ninety-six invited relatives carried out the BiocardTM test at home. Amongst these,70% were children. In 97% of the cases the test was performed correctly. Three tests revealed a positive result,all of which were later confirmed by serology and histology as coeliac disease.CONCLUSION:Our study indicates that BiocardTM test is a reliable,easy to use and well-accepted tool for home testing of first- and second-degree relatives of CD patients. 展开更多
关键词 检测试剂盒 第一代 腹腔 学位 疾病 儿童 手指 测试评估
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Multicenter evaluation of a simple and sensitive nucleic acid self-testing for SARS-CoV-2
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作者 Xin-Xin Shen Feng-Yu Li +6 位作者 Meng Qin Guo-Hao Zhang Meng-Yi Zhang Hong Liu Xiu-Li Sun Zhen-Jiang Xin Xue-Jun Ma 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期620-626,共7页
A rapid and accurate COVID-19 diagnosis is a prerequisite for blocking the source of infection as soon as possible and taking the appropriate medical action.Herein,we developed GeneClick,a device for nucleic acid self... A rapid and accurate COVID-19 diagnosis is a prerequisite for blocking the source of infection as soon as possible and taking the appropriate medical action.Herein,we developed GeneClick,a device for nucleic acid self-testing of SARS-CoV-2,consisting of three modules:a sampling kit,a microfluidic chip-based disposable cartridge,and an amplification reader.In addition,we evaluated the clinical performance of GeneClick using 2162 nasal swabs collected at three medical institutions,using three commercial RT-qPCR kits and an antigen self-test as references.Compared to RT-qPCR,the sensitivity and specificity of the GeneClick assay were 97.93%and 99.72%,respectively,with a kappa value of 0.979(P<0.01).Of the 2162 samples,2076 were also tested for SARS-CoV-2 antigens.Among the 314 positive samples identified by GeneClick assay,63 samples were undetected by antigen tests.Overall,the GeneClick nucleic acid self-test demonstrated higher accuracy than the antigen-based detection.Based on the additional features,including simple operation,affordable price,portable device,and reliability of smartphone APP-driven sampling and result reporting,GeneClick offers a powerful tool for field-based SARS-CoV-2 detection in primary healthcare institutions or at-home use. 展开更多
关键词 Nucleic acid self-testing SARS-CoV-2 RT-QPCR Antigen-test
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Parallel Software-Based Self-Testing with Bounded Model Checking for Kilo-Core Networks-on-Chip
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作者 张颖 季鹏飞 +3 位作者 朱潘玮 Zebo Peng 李华伟 江建慧 《Journal of Computer Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第2期405-421,共17页
Online testing is critical to ensuring reliable operations of the next generation of supercomputers based on a kilo-core network-on-chip(NoC)interconnection fabric.We present a parallel software-based self-testing(SBS... Online testing is critical to ensuring reliable operations of the next generation of supercomputers based on a kilo-core network-on-chip(NoC)interconnection fabric.We present a parallel software-based self-testing(SBST)solution that makes use of the bounded model checking(BMC)technique to generate test sequences and parallel packets.In this method,the parallel SBST with BMC derives the leading sequence for each router’s internal function and detects all functionally-testable faults related to the function.A Monte-Carlo simulation algorithm is then used to search for the approximately optimum configuration of the parallel packets,which guarantees the test quality and minimizes the test cost.Finally,a multi-threading technology is used to ensure that the Monte-Carlo simulation can reach the approximately optimum configuration in a large random space and reduce the generating time of the parallel test.Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a high fault coverage with a reduced test overhead.Moreover,by performing online testing in the functional mode with SBST,it effectively avoids the over-testing problem caused by functionally untestable turns in kilo-core NoCs. 展开更多
关键词 software-based self-testing(SBST) parallel test kilo-core networks-on-chip(NoCs) online testing
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一种基于分压电路的绑定后TSV测试方法
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作者 刘军 项晨 +1 位作者 陈田 吴玺 《微电子学与计算机》 2024年第4期132-140,共9页
对硅通孔(Through Silicon Via,TSV)进行绑定后测试可以有效地提升三维集成电路的性能和良率。现有的测试方法虽然对于开路和桥接故障的测试能力较高,但是对于泄漏故障的测试效果较差,并且所需的总测试时间较长。对此,提出了一种基于分... 对硅通孔(Through Silicon Via,TSV)进行绑定后测试可以有效地提升三维集成电路的性能和良率。现有的测试方法虽然对于开路和桥接故障的测试能力较高,但是对于泄漏故障的测试效果较差,并且所需的总测试时间较长。对此,提出了一种基于分压电路的TSV绑定后测试方法。该方法设计了一种分压电路,进行泄漏故障测试时可以形成一条无分支的电流路径,有效提高了对泄漏故障的测试能力。此外,该方法测试开路故障和泄漏故障时的电流路径不会相互干扰,可以同时测试相邻TSV的开路故障和泄漏故障。实验结果表明,该方法可以测试10 kΩ以下的弱泄漏故障,并且在工艺偏差下依然能够保持较高的测试能力。相比同类测试方法,该方法所需面积开销更小,所需总测试时间更少。 展开更多
关键词 三维集成电路 硅通孔 绑定后测试 内建自测试
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基于新型BIST的LUT测试方法研究
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作者 林晓会 解维坤 宋国栋 《现代电子技术》 北大核心 2024年第4期23-27,共5页
针对FPGA内部的LUT资源覆盖测试,提出一种新型BIST的测试方法。通过改进的LFSR实现了全地址的伪随机向量输入,利用构造的黄金模块电路与被测模块进行输出比较,实现对被测模块功能的快速测试,并在Vivado 2018.3中完成了仿真测试。通过AT... 针对FPGA内部的LUT资源覆盖测试,提出一种新型BIST的测试方法。通过改进的LFSR实现了全地址的伪随机向量输入,利用构造的黄金模块电路与被测模块进行输出比较,实现对被测模块功能的快速测试,并在Vivado 2018.3中完成了仿真测试。通过ATE测试平台,加载设计的BIST测试向量,验证结果与仿真完全一致,仅2次配置即可实现LUT的100%覆盖率测试。此外,还构建了LUT故障注入模拟电路,人为控制被测模块的输入故障,通过新型BIST的测试方法有效诊断出被测模块功能异常,实现了准确识别。以上结果表明,该方法不仅降低了测试配置次数,而且能够准确识别LUT功能故障,适用于大规模量产测试。 展开更多
关键词 查找表 内建自测试 FPGA 故障注入 线性反馈移位寄存器 自动测试设备
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基于共享总线结构的存储器内建自测试电路
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作者 雷鹏 纪元法 +1 位作者 肖有军 李尤鹏 《半导体技术》 北大核心 2024年第2期158-163,200,共7页
随着片上系统处理的数据增多,数据存储器测试逻辑相应增加,在保证测试功能的同时减小测试电路面积是当下急需解决的问题。基于共享总线结构的存储器内建自测试(MBIST)电路,通过将多个存储器引脚信号进行复用的方式,对存储器进行层次化设... 随着片上系统处理的数据增多,数据存储器测试逻辑相应增加,在保证测试功能的同时减小测试电路面积是当下急需解决的问题。基于共享总线结构的存储器内建自测试(MBIST)电路,通过将多个存储器引脚信号进行复用的方式,对存储器进行层次化设计,将物理存储器拼接组成逻辑存储器模块,再整合多个逻辑存储器成为一个大的存储器集模块,MBIST控制器针对存储器集进行MBIST,从而减少测试逻辑数量以达到减小测试电路占用面积的目的。通过实验证明,该结构可以满足MBIST相关需求,相较于针对单颗存储器测试的传统MBIST电路面积减小了21.44%。该方案具有良好的实用性,可以为相关存储器测试设计提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 共享总线结构 存储器内建自测试(MBIST) 逻辑存储器 测试电路面积 层次化设计
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蒺藜苜蓿MtCIM基因结构和功能分析
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作者 谢宏 周丽莹 +3 位作者 李舒文 王梦迪 艾晔 晁跃辉 《生物技术通报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期262-269,共8页
【目的】CIM(cytokinin induce messager)属于Expansin蛋白家族,该蛋白是一类在植物生长和发育过程中起关键作用的蛋白质。为分析蒺藜苜蓿MtCIM基因结构、表达、亚细胞定位及在植物生长和发育过程中的功能。【方法】利用生物信息学工具... 【目的】CIM(cytokinin induce messager)属于Expansin蛋白家族,该蛋白是一类在植物生长和发育过程中起关键作用的蛋白质。为分析蒺藜苜蓿MtCIM基因结构、表达、亚细胞定位及在植物生长和发育过程中的功能。【方法】利用生物信息学工具对其进行深入分子量、理论等电点、不稳定系数及蛋白质结构预测和分析;同时,利用RT-qPCR方法,对不同激素处理(IAA、ABA、GA3)下的基因表达进行了检测;并通过融合蛋白瞬时表达及酵母表达方法鉴定其亚细胞定位及转录自激活情况;对MtCIM转基因植株进行低磷环境的适应分析。【结果】生物信息学分析显示,CIM蛋白的相对分子量为29.563 kD,理论等电点为5.54,不稳定系数为41.62,其蛋白质性质不稳定。二级及三级结构预测表明,该蛋白主要由无规则卷曲构成。外施IAA能够显著提高MtCIM的表达,外施ABA和GA3后,MtCIM表达呈现先升高后降低的趋势。亚细胞定位结果显示,其定位于细胞质中。对MtCIM进行转录自激活活性分析显示,蒺藜苜蓿MtCIM不存在自激活活性。对获得的20株转基因株系进行分析表明,转基因株系叶片细胞壁更厚;转基因植株对低磷环境具有更好的适应能力。【结论】对蒺藜苜蓿MtCIM的全面分析,揭示了其作为Expansin蛋白家族成员在植物生长和发育中的关键作用,并提高了植物在低磷环境中适应能力。 展开更多
关键词 蒺藜苜蓿 MtCIM基因 自激活检测 表达分析 亚细胞定位 低磷响应
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逻辑内建自测试技术进展综述
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作者 金敏 向东 《集成技术》 2024年第1期44-61,共18页
逻辑内建自测试(logic buit-in self-test,LBIST)是一种可测试性设计技术,利用芯片、板级或系统上的部分电路测试数字逻辑电路本身。LBIST对于许多应用来说至关重要,尤其是国防、航空航天、自动驾驶等生命和任务关键型的应用。这些应用... 逻辑内建自测试(logic buit-in self-test,LBIST)是一种可测试性设计技术,利用芯片、板级或系统上的部分电路测试数字逻辑电路本身。LBIST对于许多应用来说至关重要,尤其是国防、航空航天、自动驾驶等生命和任务关键型的应用。这些应用需要执行片上、板上或系统内自检,以提高整个系统的可靠性及执行远程诊断的能力。该文首先给出了常用的LBIST分类,并描述了经典的,也是工业界应用最成功的LBIST架构——使用多输入特征寄存器和并行移位序列产生器的自测试架构;其次,对国内外研究团队、研究进展进行了总结;再次,详细剖析了LBIST的基本原理、时序控制、确定性自测试设计、低功耗设计、“X”容忍等关键技术点,列举出了主流的LBIST商业工具,并逐一分析了其软件架构和技术特点;最后,讨论当前LBIST技术仍需进一步解决的问题,并进行展望。 展开更多
关键词 逻辑内建自测试 伪随机序列产生器 多输入特征寄存器 确定性自测试 可测试性设计
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融合改进哈里斯鹰和改进动态窗口的机器人动态路径规划
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作者 黄志锋 刘媛华 +2 位作者 任志豪 张文敏 张孝文 《计算机应用研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期450-458,共9页
针对动态环境的移动机器人路径规划问题,提出了一种改进哈里斯鹰算法(IHHO)与改进动态窗口算法(IDWA)的融合算法(IHHO-IDWA)。首先,针对哈里斯鹰算法后期搜索性能不足等问题,提出了融合自适应混沌和核心种群动态划分策略、融合黄金正弦... 针对动态环境的移动机器人路径规划问题,提出了一种改进哈里斯鹰算法(IHHO)与改进动态窗口算法(IDWA)的融合算法(IHHO-IDWA)。首先,针对哈里斯鹰算法后期搜索性能不足等问题,提出了融合自适应混沌和核心种群动态划分策略、融合黄金正弦策略以及动态云最优解扰动策略来提高算法的性能。其次,针对动态窗口算法存在规划的路径长和易陷入死锁等问题,提出了三个改进策略:增加子函数,保证算法能够规划出更短的路径;提出自适应权重策略,平衡算法局部避障能力和全局搜索性能;设定初始航向角,避免路径冗余。最后,通过测试函数、CEC2014函数的数值实验和静态、动态路径规划实验,验证了IHHO和IDWA性能有明显提升;通过50×50大型动态地图验证了融合算法较对照组算法规划的路径缩短了11.51%,证明了该方法的优越性。 展开更多
关键词 动态窗口算法 哈里斯鹰算法 自适应 路径规划 测试函数
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基于原位测量的交直流复合电压对金属化膜自愈特性影响的研究
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作者 吴致远 王卓容 +7 位作者 刘靖舟 刘尚书 仝殿杰 齐红斌 王建涛 党智敏 王伟 屠幼萍 《电力电容器与无功补偿》 2024年第1期76-82,共7页
干式直流金属化膜电容器由于其具有特殊的“自愈”特性,在投入使用前可通过“赋能”工艺去除电弱点,相比于箔式电容器,其工作电压更高,储能密度更大。为此,搭建了金属化膜自愈特性原位测试平台,研究了交直流叠加下金属化膜自愈特性的演... 干式直流金属化膜电容器由于其具有特殊的“自愈”特性,在投入使用前可通过“赋能”工艺去除电弱点,相比于箔式电容器,其工作电压更高,储能密度更大。为此,搭建了金属化膜自愈特性原位测试平台,研究了交直流叠加下金属化膜自愈特性的演变规律,分析了在温度、压强等复杂应力作用下,不同交直流复合电压对金属化膜自愈特性的作用机制。同时依据温度实验中发现的现象和得出的结论,搭建了自愈热力学模型,从热力学理论的角度上明确了焦耳热为自愈能量的主要来源,经过仿真计算后发现,热力学模型在0.1 MPa低压强下呈现很好的拟合效果,但在10 MPa高压强下误差较大。 展开更多
关键词 自愈特性 原位测量 交直流 热力学模型
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L波段集成自检源小型化多通道前端
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作者 陆平 刘志伟 《微波学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期70-73,共4页
L波段射频系统的前端模块,在完成放大滤波功能的基础上,还需要具有产生自检信号的功能,以及与上位机进行通信的能力。为了适应现代社会对设备功能完备、体积小、质量轻的要求,通过选用小型集成化跳频源,将数字控制、接口电路与微波控制... L波段射频系统的前端模块,在完成放大滤波功能的基础上,还需要具有产生自检信号的功能,以及与上位机进行通信的能力。为了适应现代社会对设备功能完备、体积小、质量轻的要求,通过选用小型集成化跳频源,将数字控制、接口电路与微波控制电路相集成,将自检功分电路与微波控制电路集成,研制出一款集成自检源的多通道射频前端。在保证原有射频前端放大滤波功能、产生自检信号功能、与上位机进行通信功能的基础上,大幅度地减小了射频前端的体积与质量。通过实物制作与测试,验证了上述设计方法在保证多通道射频前端功能完整性的情况下可以大幅度减小整体模块的体积、减轻模块的质量。 展开更多
关键词 射频前端 多通道前端 小型化 集成自检源
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基于时序聚类及改进Pettitt的系统谐波阻抗估计
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作者 杨勇 李文涛 +3 位作者 刘文飞 张旭军 谢映洲 苗虹 《电力系统及其自动化学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期89-98,共10页
针对谐波电压与电流数据出现严重无序性,导致常规非干预式方法难以对系统谐波阻抗进行准确的实时估计,提出一种基于时序聚类及改进Pettitt的系统谐波阻抗估计方法。首先,运用时序聚类中互相关系数原理使谐波电压和电流序列平移对齐并筛... 针对谐波电压与电流数据出现严重无序性,导致常规非干预式方法难以对系统谐波阻抗进行准确的实时估计,提出一种基于时序聚类及改进Pettitt的系统谐波阻抗估计方法。首先,运用时序聚类中互相关系数原理使谐波电压和电流序列平移对齐并筛选出强相关性的数据。然后,为了规避阻抗突变的影响,提出基于二元分割的Pettitt方法对阻抗突变点进行检验。最后,使用再生权最小二乘法,通过赋权重系数进一步减小异常值对结果的影响。仿真与实例结果表明,本文方法可以有效降低背景谐波波动和阻抗突变对系统谐波阻抗估计带来的误差。 展开更多
关键词 谐波阻抗 互相关系数 Pettitt突变检验 再生权最小二乘法 电能质量
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