Research in the nanofibers field is attracting an ever-increasing attention from the industrial and academic sector. This attention is justified by the high specific surface area and high porosity, diversity of physic...Research in the nanofibers field is attracting an ever-increasing attention from the industrial and academic sector. This attention is justified by the high specific surface area and high porosity, diversity of physical/chemical modification, and simplicity of hybridization. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art progress on the fabrication of polymeric nanofibers(PNFs) with particular emphasis on their scalable productions for emerging applications. First, the engineering processes and equipment for PNFs production are briefly introduced, and the effects of the polymer precursors, operational parameters, and environmental conditions on the nanofiber’s formation are illustrated. The past achievements and current challenges of PNF preparation in industrial production are also discussed. Hybridization methods to prepare multifunctional composite nanofibers are also reviewed, including organic incorporation modification, loading functional inorganic nanomaterials, and biological active components on/into nanofibers. Given these hybridizations and functions, a variety of applications are then discussed, focusing mainly on environmental and biomedical applications. Finally, conclusions are drawn and prospects are given according to the reviewed research.展开更多
By nature, pineapple fiber (PALF) obtained from pineapple leaf is a smooth, shiny and white natural cellulosic fiber. In current investigation of spinning technique for pineapple leaf fiber based on cotton spinning me...By nature, pineapple fiber (PALF) obtained from pineapple leaf is a smooth, shiny and white natural cellulosic fiber. In current investigation of spinning technique for pineapple leaf fiber based on cotton spinning method comparison of produced yarn properties has been reported. For one of the investigations of this study, the fibers were cut into staple length and various properties of fibers were analyzed. Data and results acquired from this illustrated that there is excellent spinnability on the fiber. Two separate researches were conducted with consideration to produce resultant yarn by spinning of PALF. Yarn derived by solo spinning technique of 100% PALF and PALF blending with polyester and cotton fibers through binary blending technique in equal proportion has been spun, then yarn count, tensile properties, yarn evenness, hairiness have been evaluated and analyzed. The results from numerical simulations analysis indicated that yarn obtained from the Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) had great potential to be used in apparels.展开更多
Cerebral blood flow is strongly associated with brain function, and is the main symptom and diagnostic basis for a variety of encephalopathies. However, changes in cerebral blood flow after mild traumatic brain injury...Cerebral blood flow is strongly associated with brain function, and is the main symptom and diagnostic basis for a variety of encephalopathies. However, changes in cerebral blood flow after mild traumatic brain injury remain poorly understood. This study sought to observe changes in cerebral blood flow in different regions after mild traumatic brain injury using pulsed arterial spin labeling. Our results demonstrate maximal cerebral blood flow in gray matter and minimal in the white matter of patients with mild traumatic brain injury. At the acute and subacute stages, cerebral blood flow was reduced in the occipital lobe, parietal lobe, central region, subcutaneous region, and frontal lobe. Cerebral blood flow was restored at the chronic stage. At the acute, subacute, and chronic stages, changes in cerebral blood flow were not apparent in the insula. Cerebral blood flow in the temporal lobe and limbic lobe diminished at the acute and subacute stages, but was restored at the chronic stage. These findings suggest that pulsed arterial spin labeling can precisely measure cerebral blood flow in various brain regions, and may play a reference role in evaluating a patient＇s condition and judging prognosis after traumatic brain injury.展开更多
Three thicknesses of TiO2 films, 174, 195, and 229 nm, were deposited onto quartz substrates by sol–gel spin coating method. The as-deposited thin films were characterized by nano-crystallite with different sizes (19...Three thicknesses of TiO2 films, 174, 195, and 229 nm, were deposited onto quartz substrates by sol–gel spin coating method. The as-deposited thin films were characterized by nano-crystallite with different sizes (19–46 nm) and relatively high porous structure. Optical constants were determined and showed the lowest refractive index of 1.66 for the as-prepared films that ever reported till now. Obtained results were discussed through current theoretical ideas.展开更多
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique. The sol-gel was prepared from zinc acetate dehydrate as a precursor, 2-me- thoxyethanol as a solvent ...This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique. The sol-gel was prepared from zinc acetate dehydrate as a precursor, 2-me- thoxyethanol as a solvent and di-ethanolamine as a stabilizer, and then deposited on glass substrate using spin coater at the coating speed of 1000 rpm, 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm, 5000 rpm and 6000 rpm. After pre-heated at 150℃, the samples were post-heated at 250oC and also annealed at 400℃. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the films showed polycrystalline hexagonal structure, with (002) orientation as most intense peak having a grain size of 28.1 nm. The absorbance of the film decreases with increasing wavelength and the transmittance was generally high between visible regions from 280 nm - 1200 nm. The ZnO films deposited at a spinning speed of 2000 rpm had highest transmittance of 88% in the visible region from 280 nm - 1200 nm. The energy band gap was found to be in the range of 3.23 - 3.40 eV. The thicknesses of the films decreased with increase in coating speed. Based on these results, ZnO thin films obtained could have useful application in transparent conducting oxide electrode in solar cells.展开更多
Cerebrovascular disease is a disease with high morbidity,disability and mortality rates,which seri-ously affects the daily life of patients and is a heavy burden on families and society.Arterial spin labeling(ASL)is a...Cerebrovascular disease is a disease with high morbidity,disability and mortality rates,which seri-ously affects the daily life of patients and is a heavy burden on families and society.Arterial spin labeling(ASL)is a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)technology that uses the magnetic labeling of hydrogen atoms in arterial blood as tracers to noninvasively evaluate brain blood flow.ASL does not require injection of an exogenous contrast agent,and has the advantages of no radiation,simplicity and low cost.In cerebrovascular diseases,ASL can evaluate the collateral cerebrovascular circulation and abnormal perfusion of brain tissue,which can provide a reliable basis for early diagnosis and clinical decision-making.This study reviewed ASL and its application in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of cerebrovascular diseases.展开更多
目的:评估基于深度学习重建的半傅立叶采集单次激发快速自旋回波(HASTEDL)序列在肝脏检查中的应用价值。方法:使用3.0T MR对36例患者(男28例,女8例)行上腹部MRI扫描,扫描序列包括单次屏气HASTEDL和多次屏气刀锋伪影校正(BLADE)序列。由...目的:评估基于深度学习重建的半傅立叶采集单次激发快速自旋回波(HASTEDL)序列在肝脏检查中的应用价值。方法:使用3.0T MR对36例患者(男28例,女8例)行上腹部MRI扫描,扫描序列包括单次屏气HASTEDL和多次屏气刀锋伪影校正(BLADE)序列。由两位医师分别对肝脏成像质量(锐利度和伪影)进行五分制主观评分。分别在肝门水平肝脏的肝右叶和肝左叶、病灶显示最大层面及其相应层面同一相位方向的右侧背景区放置感兴趣区,测量两组图像上肝脏的信号强度(SI)及其标准差(SD,作为背景噪声),计算图像的信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR)。测量病灶最大径(Dmax),观察和记录图像错层率及病灶检出率。对两组图像上肝右叶和肝左叶内肝实质的SNR、CNR,病灶的SNR、CNR、D值,以及图像错层率、图像质量评分结果分别使用Wilcoxon检验或卡方检验进行组间比较。结果:两位医师对两组图像(HASTEDL和BLADE序列)的主观评分和客观测量数据的一致性均为良好(Kappa和ICC值均大于0.75)。两组之间图像锐利度主观评分的差异无统计学意义(4.62±0.55 vs. 4.27±0.65,P=0.289),HASTE-DL组图像伪影的主观评分显著高于BLADE组(4.78±0.48 vs. 4.14±0.98,P<0.001)。HASTEDL组肝左叶和肝右叶内肝组织的SNR、病灶的SNR和CNR均显著高于BLADE组(P<0.001)。两组之间病灶Dmax的差异无统计学意义(P=0.978)。BLADE组的图像错层率明显高于HASTEDL组(P=0.014)。两组中病灶检出率均为100%。结论:基于深度学习重建的单次屏气HASTE序列能有效提高肝脏T2WI图像质量而不会遗漏病灶,并可显著缩短扫描时间,优化肝脏扫描效率,有较好的临床应用前景。展开更多
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONIn our previous studies the cleavage reaction of Co—C bond of RCo（Salen） L [Salen=bis （salicyladehyde）ethylenediamine, L= H<sub>2</sub>O or without H<sub>2</sub>O, R= CH<...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONIn our previous studies the cleavage reaction of Co—C bond of RCo（Salen） L [Salen=bis （salicyladehyde）ethylenediamine, L= H<sub>2</sub>O or without H<sub>2</sub>O, R= CH<sub>3</sub>·, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>·, n-and i-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>·, n-, i- and t-C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>·] in methanol on photolysis or thermolysis was obtained:展开更多
A novel two-step method is employed, for the first time, to fabricatc nonvolatile memory devices that have metal nanoerystals. First, size-averaged Au nanocrystals are synthesized chemically; second, they are assemble...A novel two-step method is employed, for the first time, to fabricatc nonvolatile memory devices that have metal nanoerystals. First, size-averaged Au nanocrystals are synthesized chemically; second, they are assembled into memory devices by a spin-coating technique at room temperature. This attractive approach makes it possible to tailor the diameter and control the density of nanocrystals individually. In addition, processes at room temperature prevent Au diffusion, which is a main concem for the application of metal nanocrystal-based memory. The experimental results, both the morphology characterization and the electrical measurements, reveal that there is an optimum density of nanocrystal monolayer to balance between long data retention and a large hysteresis memory window. At the same time, density-controllable devices could also feed the preferential emphasis on either memory window or retention time. All these facts confirm the advantages and novelty of our two-step method.展开更多
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.19D110618)the Initial Research Funds for Young Teachers of Donghua University(Grant No.106-07-0053029)+2 种基金the Program for National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2016YFA0201702 and 2016YFA0201700)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.2232018A3-01 and 2232018D3-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51733002).
文摘Research in the nanofibers field is attracting an ever-increasing attention from the industrial and academic sector. This attention is justified by the high specific surface area and high porosity, diversity of physical/chemical modification, and simplicity of hybridization. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art progress on the fabrication of polymeric nanofibers(PNFs) with particular emphasis on their scalable productions for emerging applications. First, the engineering processes and equipment for PNFs production are briefly introduced, and the effects of the polymer precursors, operational parameters, and environmental conditions on the nanofiber’s formation are illustrated. The past achievements and current challenges of PNF preparation in industrial production are also discussed. Hybridization methods to prepare multifunctional composite nanofibers are also reviewed, including organic incorporation modification, loading functional inorganic nanomaterials, and biological active components on/into nanofibers. Given these hybridizations and functions, a variety of applications are then discussed, focusing mainly on environmental and biomedical applications. Finally, conclusions are drawn and prospects are given according to the reviewed research.
文摘By nature, pineapple fiber (PALF) obtained from pineapple leaf is a smooth, shiny and white natural cellulosic fiber. In current investigation of spinning technique for pineapple leaf fiber based on cotton spinning method comparison of produced yarn properties has been reported. For one of the investigations of this study, the fibers were cut into staple length and various properties of fibers were analyzed. Data and results acquired from this illustrated that there is excellent spinnability on the fiber. Two separate researches were conducted with consideration to produce resultant yarn by spinning of PALF. Yarn derived by solo spinning technique of 100% PALF and PALF blending with polyester and cotton fibers through binary blending technique in equal proportion has been spun, then yarn count, tensile properties, yarn evenness, hairiness have been evaluated and analyzed. The results from numerical simulations analysis indicated that yarn obtained from the Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) had great potential to be used in apparels.
文摘Cerebral blood flow is strongly associated with brain function, and is the main symptom and diagnostic basis for a variety of encephalopathies. However, changes in cerebral blood flow after mild traumatic brain injury remain poorly understood. This study sought to observe changes in cerebral blood flow in different regions after mild traumatic brain injury using pulsed arterial spin labeling. Our results demonstrate maximal cerebral blood flow in gray matter and minimal in the white matter of patients with mild traumatic brain injury. At the acute and subacute stages, cerebral blood flow was reduced in the occipital lobe, parietal lobe, central region, subcutaneous region, and frontal lobe. Cerebral blood flow was restored at the chronic stage. At the acute, subacute, and chronic stages, changes in cerebral blood flow were not apparent in the insula. Cerebral blood flow in the temporal lobe and limbic lobe diminished at the acute and subacute stages, but was restored at the chronic stage. These findings suggest that pulsed arterial spin labeling can precisely measure cerebral blood flow in various brain regions, and may play a reference role in evaluating a patient＇s condition and judging prognosis after traumatic brain injury.
文摘Three thicknesses of TiO2 films, 174, 195, and 229 nm, were deposited onto quartz substrates by sol–gel spin coating method. The as-deposited thin films were characterized by nano-crystallite with different sizes (19–46 nm) and relatively high porous structure. Optical constants were determined and showed the lowest refractive index of 1.66 for the as-prepared films that ever reported till now. Obtained results were discussed through current theoretical ideas.
文摘This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique. The sol-gel was prepared from zinc acetate dehydrate as a precursor, 2-me- thoxyethanol as a solvent and di-ethanolamine as a stabilizer, and then deposited on glass substrate using spin coater at the coating speed of 1000 rpm, 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm, 5000 rpm and 6000 rpm. After pre-heated at 150℃, the samples were post-heated at 250oC and also annealed at 400℃. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the films showed polycrystalline hexagonal structure, with (002) orientation as most intense peak having a grain size of 28.1 nm. The absorbance of the film decreases with increasing wavelength and the transmittance was generally high between visible regions from 280 nm - 1200 nm. The ZnO films deposited at a spinning speed of 2000 rpm had highest transmittance of 88% in the visible region from 280 nm - 1200 nm. The energy band gap was found to be in the range of 3.23 - 3.40 eV. The thicknesses of the films decreased with increase in coating speed. Based on these results, ZnO thin films obtained could have useful application in transparent conducting oxide electrode in solar cells.
文摘Cerebrovascular disease is a disease with high morbidity,disability and mortality rates,which seri-ously affects the daily life of patients and is a heavy burden on families and society.Arterial spin labeling(ASL)is a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)technology that uses the magnetic labeling of hydrogen atoms in arterial blood as tracers to noninvasively evaluate brain blood flow.ASL does not require injection of an exogenous contrast agent,and has the advantages of no radiation,simplicity and low cost.In cerebrovascular diseases,ASL can evaluate the collateral cerebrovascular circulation and abnormal perfusion of brain tissue,which can provide a reliable basis for early diagnosis and clinical decision-making.This study reviewed ASL and its application in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of cerebrovascular diseases.
文摘目的:评估基于深度学习重建的半傅立叶采集单次激发快速自旋回波(HASTEDL)序列在肝脏检查中的应用价值。方法:使用3.0T MR对36例患者(男28例,女8例)行上腹部MRI扫描,扫描序列包括单次屏气HASTEDL和多次屏气刀锋伪影校正(BLADE)序列。由两位医师分别对肝脏成像质量(锐利度和伪影)进行五分制主观评分。分别在肝门水平肝脏的肝右叶和肝左叶、病灶显示最大层面及其相应层面同一相位方向的右侧背景区放置感兴趣区,测量两组图像上肝脏的信号强度(SI)及其标准差(SD,作为背景噪声),计算图像的信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR)。测量病灶最大径(Dmax),观察和记录图像错层率及病灶检出率。对两组图像上肝右叶和肝左叶内肝实质的SNR、CNR,病灶的SNR、CNR、D值,以及图像错层率、图像质量评分结果分别使用Wilcoxon检验或卡方检验进行组间比较。结果:两位医师对两组图像(HASTEDL和BLADE序列)的主观评分和客观测量数据的一致性均为良好(Kappa和ICC值均大于0.75)。两组之间图像锐利度主观评分的差异无统计学意义(4.62±0.55 vs. 4.27±0.65,P=0.289),HASTE-DL组图像伪影的主观评分显著高于BLADE组(4.78±0.48 vs. 4.14±0.98,P<0.001)。HASTEDL组肝左叶和肝右叶内肝组织的SNR、病灶的SNR和CNR均显著高于BLADE组(P<0.001)。两组之间病灶Dmax的差异无统计学意义(P=0.978)。BLADE组的图像错层率明显高于HASTEDL组(P=0.014)。两组中病灶检出率均为100%。结论:基于深度学习重建的单次屏气HASTE序列能有效提高肝脏T2WI图像质量而不会遗漏病灶,并可显著缩短扫描时间,优化肝脏扫描效率,有较好的临床应用前景。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONIn our previous studies the cleavage reaction of Co—C bond of RCo（Salen） L [Salen=bis （salicyladehyde）ethylenediamine, L= H<sub>2</sub>O or without H<sub>2</sub>O, R= CH<sub>3</sub>·, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>·, n-and i-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>·, n-, i- and t-C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>·] in methanol on photolysis or thermolysis was obtained:
文摘A novel two-step method is employed, for the first time, to fabricatc nonvolatile memory devices that have metal nanoerystals. First, size-averaged Au nanocrystals are synthesized chemically; second, they are assembled into memory devices by a spin-coating technique at room temperature. This attractive approach makes it possible to tailor the diameter and control the density of nanocrystals individually. In addition, processes at room temperature prevent Au diffusion, which is a main concem for the application of metal nanocrystal-based memory. The experimental results, both the morphology characterization and the electrical measurements, reveal that there is an optimum density of nanocrystal monolayer to balance between long data retention and a large hysteresis memory window. At the same time, density-controllable devices could also feed the preferential emphasis on either memory window or retention time. All these facts confirm the advantages and novelty of our two-step method.
