In the first article of this series, we presented some evidence of hyperforin as an antibiotic, antiprotozoal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory substance. In the present article, evidence of the permeabilit...In the first article of this series, we presented some evidence of hyperforin as an antibiotic, antiprotozoal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory substance. In the present article, evidence of the permeability of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) to hyperforin and its distribution in other organs of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) are revealed. Seven-month-old male boars with a body mass of 100 kg were fed a diet containing hyperforin. Organs were surgically removed under anesthesia. Organs were suitable prepared and extracted, and then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with supersonic molecular beams (GC-MS with SMB). The presence of hyperforin was recorded in all organs and body fluids. Special attention was paid to the evaluation of the presence of hyperforin in the brain and testes of experimental animals. The presence of hyperforin in the brain and testes of experimental animals was established by GC-MS with SMB. The results are of interest because penicillin and numerous other antibiotics cannot pass through the BTB or BBB if healthy or non-inflamed, which limits their use in patients with meningitis and gonorrhea. The findings are also of interest in cases of penicillin- and multi-antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.展开更多
Early screening for colorectal cancer(CRC) holds the key to combat and control the increasing global burden of CRC morbidity and mortality. However, the current available screening modalities are severely inadequate b...Early screening for colorectal cancer(CRC) holds the key to combat and control the increasing global burden of CRC morbidity and mortality. However, the current available screening modalities are severely inadequate because of their high cost and cumbersome preparatory procedures that ultimately lead to a low participation rate. People simply do not like to have colonoscopies. It would be ideal, therefore, to develop an alternative modality based on blood biomarkers as the first line screening test. This will allow for the differentiation of the general population from high risk individuals. Colonoscopy would then become the secondary test, to further screen the high risk segment of the population. This will encourage participation and therefore help to reach the goal of early detection and thereby reduce the anticipated increasing global CRC incidence rate. A blood-based screening test is anappealing alternative as it is non-invasive and poses minimal risk to patients. It is easy to perform, can be repeated at shorter intervals, and therefore would likely lead to a much higher participation rate. This review surveys various blood-based test strategies currently under investigation, discusses the potency of what is available, and assesses how new technology may contribute to future test design.展开更多
Oxidative stress is a hallmark of secondary injury associated with spinal cord injury.Identifying stable and specific oxidative biomarkers is of important significance for studying spinal cord injury-associated second...Oxidative stress is a hallmark of secondary injury associated with spinal cord injury.Identifying stable and specific oxidative biomarkers is of important significance for studying spinal cord injury-associated secondary injury.Mature erythrocytes do not contain nuclei and mitochondria and cannot be transcribed and translated.Therefore, mature erythrocytes are highly sensitive to oxidative stress and may become a valuable biomarker.In the present study, we revealed the proteome dynamics of protein expression in erythrocytes of beagle dogs in the acute and subacute phases of spinal cord injury using mass spectrometry-based approaches.We found 26 proteins that were differentially expressed in the acute(0–3 days) and subacute(7–21 days) phases of spinal cord injury.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were involved in glutathione metabolism, lipid metabolism, and pentose phosphate and other oxidative stress pathways.Western blot assays validated the differential expression of glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase.This result was consistent with mass spectrometry results, suggesting that erythrocytes can be used as a novel sample source of biological markers of oxidative stress in spinal cord injury.Glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase sourced from erythrocytes are potential biomarkers of oxidative stress after spinal cord injury.This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Centre of Ningxia Medical University, China(approval No.2017-073) on February 13, 2017.展开更多
Objective To develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) screening method for 45 poisonous alkaloids in blood. Methods Identification was based on the compound's retention time and two precu...Objective To develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) screening method for 45 poisonous alkaloids in blood. Methods Identification was based on the compound's retention time and two precursor-to-production transitions. The method involved a liquid-liquid extraction(LLE) followed by LC-MS/MS with multiple-reaction monitoring(MRM). When 1 m L of blood was extracted with diethyl ether at p H=9.2 with SKF525 Aas the internal standard, the target compounds were analyzed with LC-MS/MS in the positive ionization mode. Results The target alkaloids had good linearity(r>0.995 1), both the intra-day precision and inter-day precision being less than 14.77%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.05 to 25 ng/m L in blood. Conclusion The method is selective and sensitive in detecting poisonous alkaloids with a total running time of 12 minutes; therefore it was successfully applied to some actual cases of suspected alkaloids poisoning.展开更多
[Objectives]To optimize the determination method of oleandrin and adynerin in blood. [Methods]High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( HPLC-MS/MS) was applied to determine oleandrin and adynerin in bl...[Objectives]To optimize the determination method of oleandrin and adynerin in blood. [Methods]High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( HPLC-MS/MS) was applied to determine oleandrin and adynerin in blood. The blood sample was dispersed and fixed on a solid phase supported liquid-liquid extraction column and eluted with ethyl acetate. The resulting eluent was used for chromatographic separation with Kinetex C_(18) column as the separation column and gradient elution was performed using 10 mmol/L ammonium formate solution containing 0. 1%( volume fraction) formic acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. In the tandem mass spectrometry analysis,the detection was carried out using the electrospray positive ion source multiple reaction monitoring mode. [Results] The mass concentration of oleandrin and adynerin showed linear relationship in the range of 2-100 μg/L. The limit of detection( 3 S/N) of the method was 0. 5 μg/L.A blank sample was used as the substrate for the spike recovery test. The recovery rate was in the range of 90. 0%-98. 0%,and the relative standard deviation( RSD) of the measured values( n = 6) was in the range of 2. 1%-7. 3%. [Conclusions]The method established in this experiment has the benefits of simple pretreatment,good recovery,high sensitivity and strong specificity,and is expected to provide an ideal method for the determination of such drugs in blood.展开更多
The aim of the present work was to investigate the exposure to the medical and industrial toxic chemicals. The research was carried out on hair, nail and blood samples in a panel of 40 healthy volunteers aged 7 to 77 ...The aim of the present work was to investigate the exposure to the medical and industrial toxic chemicals. The research was carried out on hair, nail and blood samples in a panel of 40 healthy volunteers aged 7 to 77 with an average of 45 ± 19 years (18 women (45%) and 22 men (55%)). All of these individuals had not received medication for at least 1 year, including antibiotics and psychotropic. This study was realized from July 2013 to March 2014 in Beijing, China. The method for an accurate and reliable screening of medical and an industrial toxic chemical was based on detection and assay by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection type of diode arrays. Also more than 10,000 toxic molecules commonly found in western industrial countries were screened by coupling gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The main results indicate that the molecules analyzed are mainly antibiotic (Gentamycine and Tobramycine), antidepressant (Amitriptylin and its metabolites), narcotic (MDMA and Clonitazene), ingredient in cosmetics (Benzenediol and Benzoic acid), insecticide (Carbamate derivative), ketamine, chlorhexidine and phthalate derivatives. There are no detailed documented baseline data of the analysis of medical and Industrial toxic pollutants in hair, nail and blood samples in Beijing;however, this study should be completed on samples from other provinces of China. This study is the first of its kind. Therefore, further studies should be conducted in other cities and provinces of China to be compared with each other.展开更多
To develop a simple,validated method for identifying and quantifying 1,3-butadiene(BD) in human blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and head-space gas chromatography(HS-GC).BD was identified by GC-MS ...To develop a simple,validated method for identifying and quantifying 1,3-butadiene(BD) in human blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and head-space gas chromatography(HS-GC).BD was identified by GC-MS and HS-GC,and quantified by HS-GC.The method showed that BD had a good linearity from 50 to 500μg/mL(r>0.99).The limits of detection and quantification were 10 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL,respectively.Both the intra-day precision and inter-day precision were <6.08%,and the accuracy was 96.98%-103.81%.The method was applied to an actual case,and the concentration of BD in the case was 242 μg/mL in human blood.This simple method is found to be useful for the routine forensic analysis of acute exposure to BD.展开更多
目的建立人体血液中15种金属元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICPMS)同时快速测定的方法,为快速、准确地测定全血中金属元素提供技术支持。方法选取2022年2—6月济南市健康人群体检血液样本...目的建立人体血液中15种金属元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICPMS)同时快速测定的方法,为快速、准确地测定全血中金属元素提供技术支持。方法选取2022年2—6月济南市健康人群体检血液样本经稀释剂稀释,离心后上机,采用碰撞反应池(kinetic energy discrimination,KED)模式同时测定全血中15种元素。结果15种元素在测定范围内具有良好的线性,相关系数均>0.999;方法检出限为0.05~0.40μg/L;平均回收率为87%~118%;相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为0.8%~4.2%;与全血标准物质检测结果吻合。结论本方法能够快速、准确地测定全血中15种元素,节省了分析时间,对环境友好,适用于批量全血样本中多元素的分析检测工作。展开更多
文摘In the first article of this series, we presented some evidence of hyperforin as an antibiotic, antiprotozoal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory substance. In the present article, evidence of the permeability of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) to hyperforin and its distribution in other organs of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) are revealed. Seven-month-old male boars with a body mass of 100 kg were fed a diet containing hyperforin. Organs were surgically removed under anesthesia. Organs were suitable prepared and extracted, and then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with supersonic molecular beams (GC-MS with SMB). The presence of hyperforin was recorded in all organs and body fluids. Special attention was paid to the evaluation of the presence of hyperforin in the brain and testes of experimental animals. The presence of hyperforin in the brain and testes of experimental animals was established by GC-MS with SMB. The results are of interest because penicillin and numerous other antibiotics cannot pass through the BTB or BBB if healthy or non-inflamed, which limits their use in patients with meningitis and gonorrhea. The findings are also of interest in cases of penicillin- and multi-antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
基金Supported by The Valley Hospital Foundation Research FundThe community of The Valley Hospital in Ridgewood,NJ,especially Ms.Audrey Meyers,CEO,Mr.Anastasios Kozaitis,president of the Valley Hospital Foundation
文摘Early screening for colorectal cancer(CRC) holds the key to combat and control the increasing global burden of CRC morbidity and mortality. However, the current available screening modalities are severely inadequate because of their high cost and cumbersome preparatory procedures that ultimately lead to a low participation rate. People simply do not like to have colonoscopies. It would be ideal, therefore, to develop an alternative modality based on blood biomarkers as the first line screening test. This will allow for the differentiation of the general population from high risk individuals. Colonoscopy would then become the secondary test, to further screen the high risk segment of the population. This will encourage participation and therefore help to reach the goal of early detection and thereby reduce the anticipated increasing global CRC incidence rate. A blood-based screening test is anappealing alternative as it is non-invasive and poses minimal risk to patients. It is easy to perform, can be repeated at shorter intervals, and therefore would likely lead to a much higher participation rate. This review surveys various blood-based test strategies currently under investigation, discusses the potency of what is available, and assesses how new technology may contribute to future test design.
基金supported by the Key Research Projects of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, No.2018 BCG01002(to HCX)the Plan of Postgraduate Education Innovation, Discipline Construction Project of Ningxia, China(2017), No.YXW2017014(to LJZ)。
文摘Oxidative stress is a hallmark of secondary injury associated with spinal cord injury.Identifying stable and specific oxidative biomarkers is of important significance for studying spinal cord injury-associated secondary injury.Mature erythrocytes do not contain nuclei and mitochondria and cannot be transcribed and translated.Therefore, mature erythrocytes are highly sensitive to oxidative stress and may become a valuable biomarker.In the present study, we revealed the proteome dynamics of protein expression in erythrocytes of beagle dogs in the acute and subacute phases of spinal cord injury using mass spectrometry-based approaches.We found 26 proteins that were differentially expressed in the acute(0–3 days) and subacute(7–21 days) phases of spinal cord injury.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were involved in glutathione metabolism, lipid metabolism, and pentose phosphate and other oxidative stress pathways.Western blot assays validated the differential expression of glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase.This result was consistent with mass spectrometry results, suggesting that erythrocytes can be used as a novel sample source of biological markers of oxidative stress in spinal cord injury.Glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase sourced from erythrocytes are potential biomarkers of oxidative stress after spinal cord injury.This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Centre of Ningxia Medical University, China(approval No.2017-073) on February 13, 2017.
文摘Objective To develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) screening method for 45 poisonous alkaloids in blood. Methods Identification was based on the compound's retention time and two precursor-to-production transitions. The method involved a liquid-liquid extraction(LLE) followed by LC-MS/MS with multiple-reaction monitoring(MRM). When 1 m L of blood was extracted with diethyl ether at p H=9.2 with SKF525 Aas the internal standard, the target compounds were analyzed with LC-MS/MS in the positive ionization mode. Results The target alkaloids had good linearity(r>0.995 1), both the intra-day precision and inter-day precision being less than 14.77%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.05 to 25 ng/m L in blood. Conclusion The method is selective and sensitive in detecting poisonous alkaloids with a total running time of 12 minutes; therefore it was successfully applied to some actual cases of suspected alkaloids poisoning.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(81273346)
文摘[Objectives]To optimize the determination method of oleandrin and adynerin in blood. [Methods]High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( HPLC-MS/MS) was applied to determine oleandrin and adynerin in blood. The blood sample was dispersed and fixed on a solid phase supported liquid-liquid extraction column and eluted with ethyl acetate. The resulting eluent was used for chromatographic separation with Kinetex C_(18) column as the separation column and gradient elution was performed using 10 mmol/L ammonium formate solution containing 0. 1%( volume fraction) formic acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. In the tandem mass spectrometry analysis,the detection was carried out using the electrospray positive ion source multiple reaction monitoring mode. [Results] The mass concentration of oleandrin and adynerin showed linear relationship in the range of 2-100 μg/L. The limit of detection( 3 S/N) of the method was 0. 5 μg/L.A blank sample was used as the substrate for the spike recovery test. The recovery rate was in the range of 90. 0%-98. 0%,and the relative standard deviation( RSD) of the measured values( n = 6) was in the range of 2. 1%-7. 3%. [Conclusions]The method established in this experiment has the benefits of simple pretreatment,good recovery,high sensitivity and strong specificity,and is expected to provide an ideal method for the determination of such drugs in blood.
文摘The aim of the present work was to investigate the exposure to the medical and industrial toxic chemicals. The research was carried out on hair, nail and blood samples in a panel of 40 healthy volunteers aged 7 to 77 with an average of 45 ± 19 years (18 women (45%) and 22 men (55%)). All of these individuals had not received medication for at least 1 year, including antibiotics and psychotropic. This study was realized from July 2013 to March 2014 in Beijing, China. The method for an accurate and reliable screening of medical and an industrial toxic chemical was based on detection and assay by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection type of diode arrays. Also more than 10,000 toxic molecules commonly found in western industrial countries were screened by coupling gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The main results indicate that the molecules analyzed are mainly antibiotic (Gentamycine and Tobramycine), antidepressant (Amitriptylin and its metabolites), narcotic (MDMA and Clonitazene), ingredient in cosmetics (Benzenediol and Benzoic acid), insecticide (Carbamate derivative), ketamine, chlorhexidine and phthalate derivatives. There are no detailed documented baseline data of the analysis of medical and Industrial toxic pollutants in hair, nail and blood samples in Beijing;however, this study should be completed on samples from other provinces of China. This study is the first of its kind. Therefore, further studies should be conducted in other cities and provinces of China to be compared with each other.
基金This research was supported by grants from the 12th Five-year Plan National Key Technology R＆D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of P.R.China （2012BAK16B02）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （81302614）, the Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality （14DZ2270800, 13ZR1443000） and grants from Ministry of Finance, P.R.China （GY2015G-3）.
文摘To develop a simple,validated method for identifying and quantifying 1,3-butadiene(BD) in human blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and head-space gas chromatography(HS-GC).BD was identified by GC-MS and HS-GC,and quantified by HS-GC.The method showed that BD had a good linearity from 50 to 500μg/mL(r>0.99).The limits of detection and quantification were 10 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL,respectively.Both the intra-day precision and inter-day precision were <6.08%,and the accuracy was 96.98%-103.81%.The method was applied to an actual case,and the concentration of BD in the case was 242 μg/mL in human blood.This simple method is found to be useful for the routine forensic analysis of acute exposure to BD.
文摘目的建立人体血液中15种金属元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICPMS)同时快速测定的方法,为快速、准确地测定全血中金属元素提供技术支持。方法选取2022年2—6月济南市健康人群体检血液样本经稀释剂稀释,离心后上机,采用碰撞反应池(kinetic energy discrimination,KED)模式同时测定全血中15种元素。结果15种元素在测定范围内具有良好的线性,相关系数均>0.999;方法检出限为0.05~0.40μg/L;平均回收率为87%~118%;相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为0.8%~4.2%;与全血标准物质检测结果吻合。结论本方法能够快速、准确地测定全血中15种元素,节省了分析时间,对环境友好,适用于批量全血样本中多元素的分析检测工作。
