Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-relate...Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-related deaths. Taraxacum officinale (TO) known else as Dandelion, exerts many promising activities, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor etc. It demonstrated its effectiveness in case of many types of tumors, through different mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the TO leaves and roots extracts influence on tumor glioblastoma cells line U-138 viability. Material and Methods: TO dry leaves and roots were extracted by DMSO, ethanol, and water. U-138 MG (Cell Lines Service) glioblastoma cells viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide test. TO’s influence was compared with Doxorubicin activity. Results: All TO extracts suppressed the tumor cells viability. The greatest inhibitory influence on glial cells viability was shown by TO roots extracts made in 80% ethanol (50,000 μg/L - 8.49 ± 1.04) and Doxorubicin (54350 μg/L - 8.64 ± 1.65). The lowest influence on astrocytes was determined in case of Doxorubicin at concentration of 1.28 μg/L (96.6 ± 2.76). Conclusions: Taraxacum officinale is a promising source of many substances with multiple benefits for humans. The exercised actions depend on type of extractant and plants’ part. The greatest influence on glial tumors had the extract of roots made in ethanol of 80%. Further investigations are needed to explore the precise composition of the TO extracts, the importance of individual components and of their combination in neoplasms treatment and/or prevention.展开更多
In this study,for the first time a suitable pesticide residue detection system for dandelion(Taraxacum officinale L.)was established based on electronic nose to determine and study the concentration of pesticide resid...In this study,for the first time a suitable pesticide residue detection system for dandelion(Taraxacum officinale L.)was established based on electronic nose to determine and study the concentration of pesticide residue in dandelion.Dandelions were sprayed with different concentrations of pesticides(avermectin,trichlorfon,deltamethrin,and acetamiprid),respectively.Data collection was performed by application of an electronic nose equipped with 12 metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)sensors.Data analysis was conducted using different methods including BP neural network and random forest(RF)as well as the support vector machine(SVM).The results showed the superior effectiveness of SVM in discrimination and classification of non-exceeding maximum residue limits(MRLs)and exceeding MRLs standards.Moreover,the model trained by SVM has the best performance for the classification of pesticide categories in dandelion,and the classification accuracy was 91.7%.The results of this study can provide reference for further development and construction of efficient detection technology of pesticide residues based on electronic nose for agricultural products.展开更多
Aims Successful invasive plants are often assumed to display significant levels of phenotypic plasticity.Three possible strategies by which phenotypic plasticity may allow invasive plant species to thrive in changing ...Aims Successful invasive plants are often assumed to display significant levels of phenotypic plasticity.Three possible strategies by which phenotypic plasticity may allow invasive plant species to thrive in changing environments have been suggested:(i)via plasticity in morphological or physiological traits,invasive plants are able to maintain a higher fitness than native plants in a range of environ-ments,including stressful or low-resource habitats:a‘Jack-of-all-trades’strategy;(ii)phenotypic plasticity allows the invader to better exploit resources available in low stress or favorable habitats,show-ing higher fitness than native ones:a‘Master-of-some’strategy and(iii)a combination of these abilities,the‘Jack-and-Master’strategy.Methods We evaluated these strategies in the successful invader Taraxacum officinale in a controlled experiment mimicking natural environmen-tal gradients.We set up three environmental gradients consisting of factorial arrays of two levels of temperature/light,temperature/water and light/water,respectively.We compared several ecophysiologi-cal traits,as well as the reaction norm in fitness-related traits,in both T.officinale and the closely related native Hypochaeris thrin-cioides subjected to these environmental scenarios.Important Findings Overall,T.officinale showed significantly greater accumulation of biomass and higher survival than the native H.thrincioides,with this difference being more pronounced toward both ends of each gradient.T.officinale also showed significantly higher plasticity than its native counterpart in several ecophysiological traits.Therefore,T.officinale exhibits a Jack-and-Master strategy as it is able to main-tain higher biomass and survival in unfavorable conditions,as well as to increase fitness when conditions are favorable.We suggest that this strategy is partly based on ecophysiological responses to the environment,and that it may contribute to explaining the successful invasion of T.officinale across different habitats.展开更多
AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis ...AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.METHODS: TO at 10 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 75 μg/kg CCK octapeptide injected subcutaneously three times after 1, 3 and 5 h. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 d. We determined the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, the levels of pancreatic HSP60 and HSP72, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Repeated CCK octapeptide treatment resulted in typical laboratory and morphological changes of experimentally-induced pancreatitis.RESULTS: TO significantly decreased the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio in CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis. TO also increased the pancreatic levels of HSP60 and HSP72. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in the animals treated with TO.CONCLUSION: TO may have a protective effect against CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis.展开更多
文摘Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-related deaths. Taraxacum officinale (TO) known else as Dandelion, exerts many promising activities, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor etc. It demonstrated its effectiveness in case of many types of tumors, through different mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the TO leaves and roots extracts influence on tumor glioblastoma cells line U-138 viability. Material and Methods: TO dry leaves and roots were extracted by DMSO, ethanol, and water. U-138 MG (Cell Lines Service) glioblastoma cells viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide test. TO’s influence was compared with Doxorubicin activity. Results: All TO extracts suppressed the tumor cells viability. The greatest inhibitory influence on glial cells viability was shown by TO roots extracts made in 80% ethanol (50,000 μg/L - 8.49 ± 1.04) and Doxorubicin (54350 μg/L - 8.64 ± 1.65). The lowest influence on astrocytes was determined in case of Doxorubicin at concentration of 1.28 μg/L (96.6 ± 2.76). Conclusions: Taraxacum officinale is a promising source of many substances with multiple benefits for humans. The exercised actions depend on type of extractant and plants’ part. The greatest influence on glial tumors had the extract of roots made in ethanol of 80%. Further investigations are needed to explore the precise composition of the TO extracts, the importance of individual components and of their combination in neoplasms treatment and/or prevention.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Found of China(Grant No.51875245)the Science-Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province(Grant No.20210203099SF+4 种基金No.20210203004SF)the“13th Five-Year Plan”Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jilin Province(Grant No.JJKH20200871KJNo.JJKH20200870KJNo.JJKH20200334KJNo.JJKH20210338KJ).
文摘In this study,for the first time a suitable pesticide residue detection system for dandelion(Taraxacum officinale L.)was established based on electronic nose to determine and study the concentration of pesticide residue in dandelion.Dandelions were sprayed with different concentrations of pesticides(avermectin,trichlorfon,deltamethrin,and acetamiprid),respectively.Data collection was performed by application of an electronic nose equipped with 12 metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)sensors.Data analysis was conducted using different methods including BP neural network and random forest(RF)as well as the support vector machine(SVM).The results showed the superior effectiveness of SVM in discrimination and classification of non-exceeding maximum residue limits(MRLs)and exceeding MRLs standards.Moreover,the model trained by SVM has the best performance for the classification of pesticide categories in dandelion,and the classification accuracy was 91.7%.The results of this study can provide reference for further development and construction of efficient detection technology of pesticide residues based on electronic nose for agricultural products.
文摘Aims Successful invasive plants are often assumed to display significant levels of phenotypic plasticity.Three possible strategies by which phenotypic plasticity may allow invasive plant species to thrive in changing environments have been suggested:(i)via plasticity in morphological or physiological traits,invasive plants are able to maintain a higher fitness than native plants in a range of environ-ments,including stressful or low-resource habitats:a‘Jack-of-all-trades’strategy;(ii)phenotypic plasticity allows the invader to better exploit resources available in low stress or favorable habitats,show-ing higher fitness than native ones:a‘Master-of-some’strategy and(iii)a combination of these abilities,the‘Jack-and-Master’strategy.Methods We evaluated these strategies in the successful invader Taraxacum officinale in a controlled experiment mimicking natural environmen-tal gradients.We set up three environmental gradients consisting of factorial arrays of two levels of temperature/light,temperature/water and light/water,respectively.We compared several ecophysiologi-cal traits,as well as the reaction norm in fitness-related traits,in both T.officinale and the closely related native Hypochaeris thrin-cioides subjected to these environmental scenarios.Important Findings Overall,T.officinale showed significantly greater accumulation of biomass and higher survival than the native H.thrincioides,with this difference being more pronounced toward both ends of each gradient.T.officinale also showed significantly higher plasticity than its native counterpart in several ecophysiological traits.Therefore,T.officinale exhibits a Jack-and-Master strategy as it is able to main-tain higher biomass and survival in unfavorable conditions,as well as to increase fitness when conditions are favorable.We suggest that this strategy is partly based on ecophysiological responses to the environment,and that it may contribute to explaining the successful invasion of T.officinale across different habitats.
文摘AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.METHODS: TO at 10 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 75 μg/kg CCK octapeptide injected subcutaneously three times after 1, 3 and 5 h. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 d. We determined the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, the levels of pancreatic HSP60 and HSP72, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Repeated CCK octapeptide treatment resulted in typical laboratory and morphological changes of experimentally-induced pancreatitis.RESULTS: TO significantly decreased the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio in CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis. TO also increased the pancreatic levels of HSP60 and HSP72. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in the animals treated with TO.CONCLUSION: TO may have a protective effect against CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis.
