In 2017, the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee proposed that "it is necessary to further promote agricultural supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new kinetic energy for agricultural...In 2017, the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee proposed that "it is necessary to further promote agricultural supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new kinetic energy for agricultural and rural development, and create a new situation in the construction of agricultural modernization". Under the new normal, Zhejiang s agricultural development shows new characteristics and new trends of speed change, structural optimization, and power conversion, and meteorological services for agriculture have stronger demands, higher requirements, and heavier tasks. The socialization of meteorological services is a new type of system arrangement for the provision of meteorological services, and aims to provide high-quality and efficient meteorological service products for the public and promote the equalization of basic meteorological services in urban and rural areas. In this study, through research on the socialization of grassroots meteorological services in a new situation, a new way of the government to provide public weather services is proposed, and a mechanism of the government to purchase public meteorological services is established;social resources and forces are organized and guided to develop the innovation system and mechanism of public weather services, and social resources are fully mobilized to meet the demand for meteorological services in the process of agricultural supply-side structural reform.展开更多
This paper analyzed the institutional deficiencies inherent in China's social security system based on a dissection of various social security fund violations. It holds that the unscientific design in social secur...This paper analyzed the institutional deficiencies inherent in China's social security system based on a dissection of various social security fund violations. It holds that the unscientific design in social security system is the root cause for social security fund violations, which is reflected in low level of social security unification, irrational investment system and legislative loopholes etc. Currently, China's social security funds are facing risks in management and in system; The key of risk control lies in the reforming of the overall framework of social security system through the following aspects: 1) readjust the unified account system structure to raise the level of unification; 2) reform funds investment system to boost ROI; 3) speeding up legislative to regulate the administrative costs and the behaviors of its entities.展开更多
Chinese social and economic history is both influenced by and,to a certain extent,married with Chinese political regimes.Various political dynasties from the past have each exercised significant control of Chinese soc...Chinese social and economic history is both influenced by and,to a certain extent,married with Chinese political regimes.Various political dynasties from the past have each exercised significant control of Chinese social and economic environments,and continue to exert influence even to the present day.Three of these influential periods include the Kang Qian Flourishing Age(1723-1796),the Qing Dynasty Decline(1800s-1912),and the People’s Republic of China Communist Control(1949-present).A review and in-depth examination of each regime helps to both understand where China is today and also how it is likely to evolve in the future.展开更多
The social endeavors for Agrarian Reform in Brazil have a history of at least sixty years. Throughout this time, distinct political regimes, increased land concentration, disordered urbanization and the development of...The social endeavors for Agrarian Reform in Brazil have a history of at least sixty years. Throughout this time, distinct political regimes, increased land concentration, disordered urbanization and the development of a dynamic agribusiness sector inserted in global economy led to both the aggravation of social conflicts over land in Northern and Southern Brazil as well as new inquiries on the features necessary for an efficient Agrarian Reform Plan in the authors＇ country. Focused on the agrarian reform projects in the Brazilian Amazon, this work discusses on the political and methodological perspectives drawn in II PNRA （second National Plan of Agrarian Reform）. The authors frame their account mostly along the theoretical scaffolding provided by the Bloomington School of Institutional Analysis. The authors analyze the multiple challenges facing the organization and the maintenance of the institutional structure designed to facilitate participatory planning and governance of collective resources in periurban settlements. The authors portrait these settlements as highly complex socio-ecological systems wherein socioeconomic asymmetries, cultural diversity and poor social capital and education promote political and ideological disputes that jeopardize safeguarding global commons.展开更多
China's reform and opening-up policy,launched in 1978,marks the start of the internationalization process of its social security system.This paper takes the notion of "a community with a shared future" a...China's reform and opening-up policy,launched in 1978,marks the start of the internationalization process of its social security system.This paper takes the notion of "a community with a shared future" as the perspective to analyze the internationalization of social security in the process of China's reform and opening up.Based on China's developments in globalization,it divides the internationalization process of China's social security from 1978 to 2018 into three stages: the stage of reshaping the domestic social security system with reference to the best international practice; the stage of achieving bilateral or multilateral alignment on the premise of equality and mutual benefit,and the stage of injecting Chinese wisdom in social security into the development of global social security.The trajectory of the development of China's social security internationalization shows the incremental evolution within the country,between nations,and in the world community.This paper studies the internationalization process to show China's grand achievements in the four decades of reform and opening-up and to demonstrate Chinese wisdom and confidence.展开更多
China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With th...China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With the further improvement of the socialist market economy, the existing sports administrative functions are incompatible with the economic and social side of the market gradually. The current sports administrative functions can no longer adapt to the development and deeper reforms of sports system are imminent. Only by speeding up the reform of sports administration, can eliminate obstacles and promote rapid and healthy development of China＇s sports industry. In this paper, the object is the administrative functions of the sport in the social transformation period, through expert interviews, literature, and logical analysis, comparative study to discuss the problems of the administrative functions of sport in the social transformation period and propose appropriate countermeasures. Studies suggest that： sports administration departments should focus to implementing national policies, the development of the sports industry policy research and development planning, management and delivery of services. In accordance with the uniform principles of responsibility, rights and interests, to further clarify the responsibilities of all levels of sports administration, handling good working relationship between them. By Complete separation between rowing and steering, governance and administration, government and industry, to achieve ＂four transformations＂, and to break plan ＂all-round＂ type of government in the economic system, and establish ＂limited＂ government, effectively carry out the functions of guidance, policy regulation, market supervision, social management and public services.展开更多
The planned economy period after the founding of New China, there are a number of defects caused by the social welfare system of the country arranged the comprehensive safeguards, cannot meet the needs of the members ...The planned economy period after the founding of New China, there are a number of defects caused by the social welfare system of the country arranged the comprehensive safeguards, cannot meet the needs of the members of the community welfare. Since the reform and opening up, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China＇s social welfare undertakings made progress in the reform, old-age benefits, disability benefits, women＇s welfare, child welfare and so on can be further developed. In aging relatively serious today, social pension needs of rapid growth, the urgent need to support the people＇s participation and social forces, to promote the socialization of social welfare, accelerate the development of social welfare, the early establishment of an appropriate type social welfare undertakings Pratt ＆ Whitney.展开更多
Along with the advent of higher educational popularization, the number of graduates will be on the rise with increasingly salientcontradictions between the employment of students and social demands. Therefore, before ...Along with the advent of higher educational popularization, the number of graduates will be on the rise with increasingly salientcontradictions between the employment of students and social demands. Therefore, before the popularization stage of higher education, it is ofprime importance to properly handle the contradiction between employment of students and social demands. From the perspective of the socialdemands, this paper offers a detailed study of seeking the correct reform approaches through the analysis of the social demands for talents andeducational and teaching reform with a view to alleviating the employment pressure of graduates.展开更多
As the social employment situation is getting grueling, the issue of the diffi cult employment of students has become increasinglysalient. It is of prime importance to resolve these issues through educational and teac...As the social employment situation is getting grueling, the issue of the diffi cult employment of students has become increasinglysalient. It is of prime importance to resolve these issues through educational and teaching reform under such urgent situation. Therefore,educational institutions and departments should re-position the teaching model according to employment and social demands to explore afeasible educational and teaching model and provide an effective approach to the increasing employment rate of graduates. From the perspectiveof employment and social demands, this paper offers a study of the educational and teaching model in colleges and universities on this basisand proposes relevant suggestions for the employment of college students with a view to provide concrete help for the alleviation of college students’ employment pressure.展开更多
China,already possessing a large number of retirees,will become one of the countries with a predominant-ly aged population by the end of the century.A retirement boom is ex-pected for the year 2030,when China will hav...China,already possessing a large number of retirees,will become one of the countries with a predominant-ly aged population by the end of the century.A retirement boom is ex-pected for the year 2030,when China will have over 100 million senior citizens living on an annual pension of billions of yuan.There-fore China is working to legislate a Chinese style social insurance system by the year 2000.This system will be independent of enterprises and cov-er workers in both rural and urban areas.It will be reasonable in its.expenditures because its funding will come from a wide range of sources.It will make a balanced and rational use of these funds and will be run by a highly socialized and coordinated administration.展开更多
In the process of transition from the rural China to modern society,the people's assessor system mainly reflects the citizens' individual participation.However,organized judicial participation has not been pai...In the process of transition from the rural China to modern society,the people's assessor system mainly reflects the citizens' individual participation.However,organized judicial participation has not been paid enough attention in either institutional design or in the actual operation.Judicial participation of social organizations has important significance not only in highlighting the value of people's assessor system,but also in getting out of the "presenting without substantive hearing"predicament in practice.Therefore,the people's court shall guide the orderly participation of social organizations in justice,and make social organizations play a more important role in people's assessor system.展开更多
基金Supported by the Independent Project for Meteorological Soft Scientific Research of China Meteorological Administration in 2017(2017[18])
文摘In 2017, the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee proposed that "it is necessary to further promote agricultural supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new kinetic energy for agricultural and rural development, and create a new situation in the construction of agricultural modernization". Under the new normal, Zhejiang s agricultural development shows new characteristics and new trends of speed change, structural optimization, and power conversion, and meteorological services for agriculture have stronger demands, higher requirements, and heavier tasks. The socialization of meteorological services is a new type of system arrangement for the provision of meteorological services, and aims to provide high-quality and efficient meteorological service products for the public and promote the equalization of basic meteorological services in urban and rural areas. In this study, through research on the socialization of grassroots meteorological services in a new situation, a new way of the government to provide public weather services is proposed, and a mechanism of the government to purchase public meteorological services is established;social resources and forces are organized and guided to develop the innovation system and mechanism of public weather services, and social resources are fully mobilized to meet the demand for meteorological services in the process of agricultural supply-side structural reform.
文摘This paper analyzed the institutional deficiencies inherent in China's social security system based on a dissection of various social security fund violations. It holds that the unscientific design in social security system is the root cause for social security fund violations, which is reflected in low level of social security unification, irrational investment system and legislative loopholes etc. Currently, China's social security funds are facing risks in management and in system; The key of risk control lies in the reforming of the overall framework of social security system through the following aspects: 1) readjust the unified account system structure to raise the level of unification; 2) reform funds investment system to boost ROI; 3) speeding up legislative to regulate the administrative costs and the behaviors of its entities.
文摘Chinese social and economic history is both influenced by and,to a certain extent,married with Chinese political regimes.Various political dynasties from the past have each exercised significant control of Chinese social and economic environments,and continue to exert influence even to the present day.Three of these influential periods include the Kang Qian Flourishing Age(1723-1796),the Qing Dynasty Decline(1800s-1912),and the People’s Republic of China Communist Control(1949-present).A review and in-depth examination of each regime helps to both understand where China is today and also how it is likely to evolve in the future.
文摘The social endeavors for Agrarian Reform in Brazil have a history of at least sixty years. Throughout this time, distinct political regimes, increased land concentration, disordered urbanization and the development of a dynamic agribusiness sector inserted in global economy led to both the aggravation of social conflicts over land in Northern and Southern Brazil as well as new inquiries on the features necessary for an efficient Agrarian Reform Plan in the authors＇ country. Focused on the agrarian reform projects in the Brazilian Amazon, this work discusses on the political and methodological perspectives drawn in II PNRA （second National Plan of Agrarian Reform）. The authors frame their account mostly along the theoretical scaffolding provided by the Bloomington School of Institutional Analysis. The authors analyze the multiple challenges facing the organization and the maintenance of the institutional structure designed to facilitate participatory planning and governance of collective resources in periurban settlements. The authors portrait these settlements as highly complex socio-ecological systems wherein socioeconomic asymmetries, cultural diversity and poor social capital and education promote political and ideological disputes that jeopardize safeguarding global commons.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesProgram of Jilin University for Supporting Young Researchers in Philosophy and Social Sciences(Project No.2015FRGG01)Program of Jilin University for Supporting Outstanding Young Teachers
文摘China's reform and opening-up policy,launched in 1978,marks the start of the internationalization process of its social security system.This paper takes the notion of "a community with a shared future" as the perspective to analyze the internationalization of social security in the process of China's reform and opening up.Based on China's developments in globalization,it divides the internationalization process of China's social security from 1978 to 2018 into three stages: the stage of reshaping the domestic social security system with reference to the best international practice; the stage of achieving bilateral or multilateral alignment on the premise of equality and mutual benefit,and the stage of injecting Chinese wisdom in social security into the development of global social security.The trajectory of the development of China's social security internationalization shows the incremental evolution within the country,between nations,and in the world community.This paper studies the internationalization process to show China's grand achievements in the four decades of reform and opening-up and to demonstrate Chinese wisdom and confidence.
文摘China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With the further improvement of the socialist market economy, the existing sports administrative functions are incompatible with the economic and social side of the market gradually. The current sports administrative functions can no longer adapt to the development and deeper reforms of sports system are imminent. Only by speeding up the reform of sports administration, can eliminate obstacles and promote rapid and healthy development of China＇s sports industry. In this paper, the object is the administrative functions of the sport in the social transformation period, through expert interviews, literature, and logical analysis, comparative study to discuss the problems of the administrative functions of sport in the social transformation period and propose appropriate countermeasures. Studies suggest that： sports administration departments should focus to implementing national policies, the development of the sports industry policy research and development planning, management and delivery of services. In accordance with the uniform principles of responsibility, rights and interests, to further clarify the responsibilities of all levels of sports administration, handling good working relationship between them. By Complete separation between rowing and steering, governance and administration, government and industry, to achieve ＂four transformations＂, and to break plan ＂all-round＂ type of government in the economic system, and establish ＂limited＂ government, effectively carry out the functions of guidance, policy regulation, market supervision, social management and public services.
文摘The planned economy period after the founding of New China, there are a number of defects caused by the social welfare system of the country arranged the comprehensive safeguards, cannot meet the needs of the members of the community welfare. Since the reform and opening up, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China＇s social welfare undertakings made progress in the reform, old-age benefits, disability benefits, women＇s welfare, child welfare and so on can be further developed. In aging relatively serious today, social pension needs of rapid growth, the urgent need to support the people＇s participation and social forces, to promote the socialization of social welfare, accelerate the development of social welfare, the early establishment of an appropriate type social welfare undertakings Pratt ＆ Whitney.
文摘Along with the advent of higher educational popularization, the number of graduates will be on the rise with increasingly salientcontradictions between the employment of students and social demands. Therefore, before the popularization stage of higher education, it is ofprime importance to properly handle the contradiction between employment of students and social demands. From the perspective of the socialdemands, this paper offers a detailed study of seeking the correct reform approaches through the analysis of the social demands for talents andeducational and teaching reform with a view to alleviating the employment pressure of graduates.
文摘As the social employment situation is getting grueling, the issue of the diffi cult employment of students has become increasinglysalient. It is of prime importance to resolve these issues through educational and teaching reform under such urgent situation. Therefore,educational institutions and departments should re-position the teaching model according to employment and social demands to explore afeasible educational and teaching model and provide an effective approach to the increasing employment rate of graduates. From the perspectiveof employment and social demands, this paper offers a study of the educational and teaching model in colleges and universities on this basisand proposes relevant suggestions for the employment of college students with a view to provide concrete help for the alleviation of college students’ employment pressure.
文摘China,already possessing a large number of retirees,will become one of the countries with a predominant-ly aged population by the end of the century.A retirement boom is ex-pected for the year 2030,when China will have over 100 million senior citizens living on an annual pension of billions of yuan.There-fore China is working to legislate a Chinese style social insurance system by the year 2000.This system will be independent of enterprises and cov-er workers in both rural and urban areas.It will be reasonable in its.expenditures because its funding will come from a wide range of sources.It will make a balanced and rational use of these funds and will be run by a highly socialized and coordinated administration.
文摘In the process of transition from the rural China to modern society,the people's assessor system mainly reflects the citizens' individual participation.However,organized judicial participation has not been paid enough attention in either institutional design or in the actual operation.Judicial participation of social organizations has important significance not only in highlighting the value of people's assessor system,but also in getting out of the "presenting without substantive hearing"predicament in practice.Therefore,the people's court shall guide the orderly participation of social organizations in justice,and make social organizations play a more important role in people's assessor system.
