触发执行编程(Trigger-Action Programming,TAP)为用户联动物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备提供了便捷的编程范式。利用机器学习对用户已编辑的TAP规则进行分析,实现TAP规则推荐和生成等功能可以提升用户体验。但TAP规则可能包含个...触发执行编程(Trigger-Action Programming,TAP)为用户联动物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备提供了便捷的编程范式。利用机器学习对用户已编辑的TAP规则进行分析,实现TAP规则推荐和生成等功能可以提升用户体验。但TAP规则可能包含个人隐私信息,用户对上传和分享TAP信息存在顾虑。文章提出了基于联邦学习和区块链技术的TAP规则处理系统,用户可在本地进行TAP模型训练,无需上传隐私数据。为解决集中式服务器单点故障和防范恶意模型参数上传的问题,文章利用区块链技术改进集中式TAP联邦学习架构。用户将本地模型更新的累积梯度传输给区块链中的矿工,进行异常识别和交叉验证。矿工委员会整合正常用户提供的累积梯度,得到的全局模型作为一个新区块的数据,链接到区块链上,供用户下载使用。文章采用轻量级无监督的非负矩阵分解方法验证了提出的基于联邦学习和区块链的分布式学习架构的有效性。实验证明该联邦学习架构能有效保护TAP数据中的隐私,并且区块链中的矿工能够很好地识别恶意模型参数,确保了模型的稳定性。展开更多
BACKGROUND:Calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II(CaMKII) can be more active in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH),which in turn causes phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors,resulting in inactivation and...BACKGROUND:Calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II(CaMKII) can be more active in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH),which in turn causes phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors,resulting in inactivation and the instability of intracellular calcium homeostasis.The present study aimed to determine the effect of CaMKII-ryanodine receptor pathway signaling in rabbits with left ventricular hypertrophy and triggered ventricular arrhythmia.METHODS:Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into four groups(10 per group):sham group,LVH group,KN-93 group(LVH+KN-93),and ryanodine group(LVH+ryanodine).Rabbits in the LVH,KN-93,and ryanodine groups were used to establish a left ventricular hypertrophy model by the coarctation of the abdominal aorta,while those in the sham group did not undergo the coarctation.After eight weeks,action potentials(APs) were recorded simultaneously in the endocardium and epicardium,and a transmural electrocardiogram(ECG) was also recorded in the rabbit left ventricular wedge model.Drugs were administered to the animals in the KN-93 and ryanodine groups,and the frequency of triggered APs and ventricular tachycardia was recorded after the rabbits were given isoprenaline(1 μmol/L) and high-frequency stimulation.RESULTS:The frequency(animals/group) of triggered APs was 0/10 in the sham group,10/10 in the LVH group,4/10 in the KN-93 group,and 1/10 in the ryanodine group.The frequencies of ventricular tachycardia were 0/10,9/10,3/10,and 1/10,respectively.The frequencies of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation were 0/10,7/10,2/10,and 1/10,respectively.The frequencies of triggered ventricular arrhythmias in the KN-93 and ryanodine groups were much lower than those in the LVH group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:KN-93 and ryanodine can effectively reduce the occurrence of triggered ventricular arrhythmia in rabbits with LVH.The CaMKII-ryanodine signaling pathway can be used as a new means of treating ventricular arrhythmia.展开更多
目的研究兔肺静脉肌袖心肌细胞(PVC)动作电位的特性,并与左房心肌细胞(LAC)进行比较。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术,进行电流钳制。用800 pA×8 m s的刺激脉冲连续刺激5次,刺激间隔为1 s。引出并记录动作电位。结果PVC动作电位的幅度与...目的研究兔肺静脉肌袖心肌细胞(PVC)动作电位的特性,并与左房心肌细胞(LAC)进行比较。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术,进行电流钳制。用800 pA×8 m s的刺激脉冲连续刺激5次,刺激间隔为1 s。引出并记录动作电位。结果PVC动作电位的幅度与LAC的无显著性差异,但前者具有较长的平台期,因而,动作电位时程(APD)较LAC的明显延长,并可以诱发出延迟后除极(DAD)。另外,PVC与LAC的动作电位均具有刺激次数依赖性,但前者更加明显。在APD延长的基础上,PVC可诱发出第二平台反应,表明其具有产生EAD的明显倾向。结论触发活动可能在肺静脉肌袖致心律失常机制中起重要作用。展开更多
针对冯屯500 k V可控串补站在区内瞬时性单相接地故障过程中的火花间隙系自触发问题,笔者根据火花间隙的结构和原理,结合伊冯甲线可控串补保护动作和录波数据,分析了火花间隙的自触发原因,结果表明,火花间隙的自触发与火花间隙元件本身...针对冯屯500 k V可控串补站在区内瞬时性单相接地故障过程中的火花间隙系自触发问题,笔者根据火花间隙的结构和原理,结合伊冯甲线可控串补保护动作和录波数据,分析了火花间隙的自触发原因,结果表明,火花间隙的自触发与火花间隙元件本身和环境因素有关,伊冯甲线可控串补火花间隙自触发属于误触发。同时,为保证伊冯甲线可控串补系统安全运行,提出对投运火花间隙进行定期维检建议。展开更多
文摘触发执行编程(Trigger-Action Programming,TAP)为用户联动物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备提供了便捷的编程范式。利用机器学习对用户已编辑的TAP规则进行分析,实现TAP规则推荐和生成等功能可以提升用户体验。但TAP规则可能包含个人隐私信息,用户对上传和分享TAP信息存在顾虑。文章提出了基于联邦学习和区块链技术的TAP规则处理系统,用户可在本地进行TAP模型训练,无需上传隐私数据。为解决集中式服务器单点故障和防范恶意模型参数上传的问题,文章利用区块链技术改进集中式TAP联邦学习架构。用户将本地模型更新的累积梯度传输给区块链中的矿工,进行异常识别和交叉验证。矿工委员会整合正常用户提供的累积梯度,得到的全局模型作为一个新区块的数据,链接到区块链上,供用户下载使用。文章采用轻量级无监督的非负矩阵分解方法验证了提出的基于联邦学习和区块链的分布式学习架构的有效性。实验证明该联邦学习架构能有效保护TAP数据中的隐私,并且区块链中的矿工能够很好地识别恶意模型参数,确保了模型的稳定性。
基金supported by a grant from Surface Project of Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2008J0075)
文摘BACKGROUND:Calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II(CaMKII) can be more active in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH),which in turn causes phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors,resulting in inactivation and the instability of intracellular calcium homeostasis.The present study aimed to determine the effect of CaMKII-ryanodine receptor pathway signaling in rabbits with left ventricular hypertrophy and triggered ventricular arrhythmia.METHODS:Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into four groups(10 per group):sham group,LVH group,KN-93 group(LVH+KN-93),and ryanodine group(LVH+ryanodine).Rabbits in the LVH,KN-93,and ryanodine groups were used to establish a left ventricular hypertrophy model by the coarctation of the abdominal aorta,while those in the sham group did not undergo the coarctation.After eight weeks,action potentials(APs) were recorded simultaneously in the endocardium and epicardium,and a transmural electrocardiogram(ECG) was also recorded in the rabbit left ventricular wedge model.Drugs were administered to the animals in the KN-93 and ryanodine groups,and the frequency of triggered APs and ventricular tachycardia was recorded after the rabbits were given isoprenaline(1 μmol/L) and high-frequency stimulation.RESULTS:The frequency(animals/group) of triggered APs was 0/10 in the sham group,10/10 in the LVH group,4/10 in the KN-93 group,and 1/10 in the ryanodine group.The frequencies of ventricular tachycardia were 0/10,9/10,3/10,and 1/10,respectively.The frequencies of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation were 0/10,7/10,2/10,and 1/10,respectively.The frequencies of triggered ventricular arrhythmias in the KN-93 and ryanodine groups were much lower than those in the LVH group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:KN-93 and ryanodine can effectively reduce the occurrence of triggered ventricular arrhythmia in rabbits with LVH.The CaMKII-ryanodine signaling pathway can be used as a new means of treating ventricular arrhythmia.
文摘目的研究兔肺静脉肌袖心肌细胞(PVC)动作电位的特性,并与左房心肌细胞(LAC)进行比较。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术,进行电流钳制。用800 pA×8 m s的刺激脉冲连续刺激5次,刺激间隔为1 s。引出并记录动作电位。结果PVC动作电位的幅度与LAC的无显著性差异,但前者具有较长的平台期,因而,动作电位时程(APD)较LAC的明显延长,并可以诱发出延迟后除极(DAD)。另外,PVC与LAC的动作电位均具有刺激次数依赖性,但前者更加明显。在APD延长的基础上,PVC可诱发出第二平台反应,表明其具有产生EAD的明显倾向。结论触发活动可能在肺静脉肌袖致心律失常机制中起重要作用。
文摘针对冯屯500 k V可控串补站在区内瞬时性单相接地故障过程中的火花间隙系自触发问题,笔者根据火花间隙的结构和原理,结合伊冯甲线可控串补保护动作和录波数据,分析了火花间隙的自触发原因,结果表明,火花间隙的自触发与火花间隙元件本身和环境因素有关,伊冯甲线可控串补火花间隙自触发属于误触发。同时,为保证伊冯甲线可控串补系统安全运行,提出对投运火花间隙进行定期维检建议。
