For technical and other reasons there is a dilemma that data providers cannot find an appropriate way to redistribute spatial forest data and data users who need spatial data cannot access and integrate available fore...For technical and other reasons there is a dilemma that data providers cannot find an appropriate way to redistribute spatial forest data and data users who need spatial data cannot access and integrate available forest resources information. To overcome this dilemma, this paper proposed a spatial forest information system based on Web service using an open source software approach. With Web service based architecture, the system can enable interoperability, integrate Web services from other application servers, reuse codes, and shorten the development time and cost. At the same time, it is possible to extend the local system to a regional or national spatial forest information system. The growth of Open Source Software （OSS） provides an alternative choice to proprietary software for operating systems, web servers, Web-based GIS applications and database management systems. Using open source software to develop spatial forest information systems can greatly reduce the cost while providing high performance and sharing spatial forest information. We chose open source software to build a prototype system for Xixia County, Henan Province, China. By integrating OSS packages Deegree and UMN MapServer which are compliant to the OGC open specifications, the prototype system enables users to access spatial forest information and travelling information of Xixia County which come from two different data servers via a standard Web browser and promotes spatial forest information sharing.展开更多
B2B E Commerce is one of the most potential electronic commerce forms at present. But since traditional B2 B E Commerce system lacks an unified standard and solution of basic architectur e a nd interface, it has m...B2B E Commerce is one of the most potential electronic commerce forms at present. But since traditional B2 B E Commerce system lacks an unified standard and solution of basic architectur e a nd interface, it has many shortcomings such as poor reusability and poor extensi bility. In order to solve the problem, combined with Web Service technology, a B 2B E Commerce system model based on Web Service is proposed and analyzed. The m odel can combine relatively independent Web Service on Intranet and Internet by constructing core application program. As a part of supply chain, it can also pr ovide a standard interface for other applications such as ERP/CRM/SCM, etc. Th er efore, B2B E Commerce system with this form is easy for development, integratio n and maintenance. Finally, a solution of B2B E Commerce system based on Web Se rvice is propounded by introducing an instance.展开更多
Parallel kinematics machine （PKM） is advantageous over the serial machine tools in processing the complex-surface products. A manufacturing service system for PKM is developed to provide the services of the complex-...Parallel kinematics machine （PKM） is advantageous over the serial machine tools in processing the complex-surface products. A manufacturing service system for PKM is developed to provide the services of the complex-surface machining for potential geographically-dispersed manufacturing enterprises. In order to easily in- tegrate the external system, Web services are used to encapsulate post-processing functions of PKM legacy sys- tems, including compilation, workspace calculation, interfere calibration, and kinematics transformation. A ser- vice-oriented architecture（SOA） is proposed for the cooperative work between the PKM system and its client. The workflow and the function module of this manufacturing service system are presented. An example shows that as a result of SOA and loose coupling, such a Web service-based manufacturing service system is easier to in- tegrate and interoperate with its client. Meanwhile, the system decreases the manufacturing cost and improves the efficiency than its former kind of distributed system.展开更多
In the Internet of Things(IoT),the users have complex needs,and the Web Service Composition(WSC)was introduced to address these needs.The WSC’s main objective is to search for the optimal combination of web services ...In the Internet of Things(IoT),the users have complex needs,and the Web Service Composition(WSC)was introduced to address these needs.The WSC’s main objective is to search for the optimal combination of web services in response to the user needs and the level of Quality of Services(QoS)constraints.The challenge of this problem is the huge number of web services that achieve similar functionality with different levels of QoS constraints.In this paper,we introduce an extension of our previous works on the Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)and Bat Algorithm(BA).A new hybrid algorithm was proposed between the ABC and BA to achieve a better tradeoff between local exploitation and global search.The bat agent is used to improve the solution of exhausted bees after a threshold(limits),and also an Elitist Strategy(ES)is added to BA to increase the convergence rate.The performance and convergence behavior of the proposed hybrid algorithm was tested using extensive comparative experiments with current state-ofthe-art nature-inspired algorithms on 12 benchmark datasets using three evaluation criteria(average fitness values,best fitness values,and execution time)that were measured for 30 different runs.These datasets are created from real-world datasets and artificially to form different scale sizes of WSC datasets.The results show that the proposed algorithm enhances the search performance and convergence rate on finding the near-optimal web services combination compared to competitors.TheWilcoxon signed-rank significant test is usedwhere the proposed algorithm results significantly differ fromother algorithms on 100%of datasets.展开更多
This paper presents a novel Web Service based distributed collaborative CAD system employing feature as its collaborative design element and uses XML to define feature operations and communication protocol between the...This paper presents a novel Web Service based distributed collaborative CAD system employing feature as its collaborative design element and uses XML to define feature operations and communication protocol between the server and the client. To reduce network load and increase response ability of the system, the feature information is updated incrementally on the client. The system supports collaborative designing on heterogeneous platforms. Its framework and communication protocols are analyzed in detail. The experimental results from the developed prototype system showed that it can effectively support collaborative design under the distributed environment.展开更多
Web services are provided as reusable software components in the services-oriented architecture.More complicated composite services can be combined from these components to satisfy the user requirements represented as...Web services are provided as reusable software components in the services-oriented architecture.More complicated composite services can be combined from these components to satisfy the user requirements represented as a workflow with specified Quality of Service(QoS)limitations.The workflow consists of tasks where many services can be considered for each task.Searching for optimal services combination and optimizing the overall QoS limitations is a Non-deterministic Polynomial(NP)-hard problem.This work focuses on the Web Service Composition(WSC)problem and proposes a new service composition algorithm based on the micro-bats behavior while hunting the prey.The proposed algorithm determines the optimal combination of the web services to satisfy the complex user needs.It also addresses the Bat Algorithm(BA)shortcomings,such as the tradeoff among exploration and exploitation searching mechanisms,local optima,and convergence rate.The proposed enhancement includes a developed cooperative and adaptive population initialization mechanism.An elitist mechanism is utilized to address the BA convergence rate.The tradeoff between exploration and exploitation is handled through a neighborhood search mechanism.Several benchmark datasets are selected to evaluate the proposed bat algorithm’s performance.The simulation results are estimated using the average fitness value,the standard deviation of the fitness value,and an average of the execution time and compared with four bat-inspired algorithms.It is observed from the simulation results that introduced enhancement obtains significant results.展开更多
The aim is to solve the problem that how to share dispersive and heterogeneous data inside business information system or some other information source. On the basis of Web service, this paper adopts the notion of Dat...The aim is to solve the problem that how to share dispersive and heterogeneous data inside business information system or some other information source. On the basis of Web service, this paper adopts the notion of Data As ,Service to build service-oriented data integration architecture. According to this architecture, we develop data collection system which effectively integrates data from heterogeneous informa tion source and present a uniform data view to end users by implementing sharing data from heterogeneous systems and information source . At last, this paper gives an example of a compositive information collection platform system.展开更多
It is essential to build a modern information management system to store and manage data of our circumlunar explorer in order to realize the scientific objectives. It is difficult for an information system based on tr...It is essential to build a modern information management system to store and manage data of our circumlunar explorer in order to realize the scientific objectives. It is difficult for an information system based on traditional distributed technology to communicate information and work together among heterogeneous systems in order to meet the new requirement of Internet development. XML and Web Services, because of their open standards and self-containing properties, have changed the mode of information organization and data management. Now they can provide a good solution for building an open, extendable, and compatible information management system, and facilitate interchanging and transferring of data among heterogeneous systems. On the basis of the three-tiered browse/server architectures and the Oracle 9i Database as an information storage platform, we have designed and implemented a data archiving and retrieval system for the circumlunar explorer-LUNARINFO. We have also successfully realized the integration between LUNARINFO and the cosmic dust database system. LUNARINFO consists of five function modules for data management, information publishing, system management, data retrieval, and interface integration. Based on XML and Web Services, it not only is an information database system for archiving, long-term storing, retrieving and publication of lunar reference data related to the circumlunar explorer, but also provides data web Services which can be easily developed by various expert groups and connected to the common information system to realize data resource integration.展开更多
Mold manufacturing Extended Enterprise （EE） has the following characteristics： distributed in locality, tight cooperation and frequent information exchange. It needs a collaborative, highly efficient, reliable and ...Mold manufacturing Extended Enterprise （EE） has the following characteristics： distributed in locality, tight cooperation and frequent information exchange. It needs a collaborative, highly efficient, reliable and intelligent manufacturing management system. The background of the Collaborative Manufacturing is introduced. A mold Collaborative Manufacturing Execution System （c-MES） is proposed. The feature of Web Service platform is analyzed. The necessity and feasibility of importing the Web Service to mold c-MES are discussed. Based on Web Service, the model of mold c-MES is built. Every module＇ s function is described in detail, including the functions it supplies and the mechanism of information interaction among them. The feasibility of mold c-MES model is validated by a real mold manufacturing case.展开更多
In a networked manufacturing environment, product data integration is the foundation of collaborative manufacturing among manufacturing enterprises. It is very important to build an effective integration mechanism for...In a networked manufacturing environment, product data integration is the foundation of collaborative manufacturing among manufacturing enterprises. It is very important to build an effective integration mechanism for product data sharing of manufacturing enterprises in geographically dispersed, heterogeneous system platform. In order to integrate enterprise level product data management (PDM) system and shop floor level distributed numerical control (DNC) system, based on the description of Web services technology, a Web-services-based integration approach is presented for facilitating seamless sharing of product data between PDM and DNC systems in a networked manufacturing environment. In order to verify the validity of the proposed approach, an example-based integration development has been implemented with Java 2 Software Development Kit and Java Web Services Developer Pack in Windows 2000 Professional environment.展开更多
FL-Online(http://fanlab.ac.cn) is an out-of-box modern web service featuring a user-friendly interface and simplified parameters, providing academic users with access to a series of online programs for biomolecular cr...FL-Online(http://fanlab.ac.cn) is an out-of-box modern web service featuring a user-friendly interface and simplified parameters, providing academic users with access to a series of online programs for biomolecular crystallography, including SAPI-online, OASIS-online, C-IPCAS-online and a series of upcoming software releases. Meanwhile, it is a highly scalable and maintainable web application framework that provides a powerful and flexible solution for academic web development needs. All the codes are open-source under MIT licenses in GitHub.展开更多
Now computer terminals, communication control, and network technology continues rapidly developed, the rapidly expanding range of information exchange, has been covering the field device to the control and management ...Now computer terminals, communication control, and network technology continues rapidly developed, the rapidly expanding range of information exchange, has been covering the field device to the control and management at all levels of networking, industrial control monitoring is not only limited to on-site monitoring, on-site scheduling. The development of industrial monitoring control system is a history of development of centralized monitoring and control to the network monitoring control. The previous system, the various important instruments＇ status were monitored by the large-scale instruments.展开更多
In order to enable quality-aware web services selection in the process of service composition,this paper first describes the non-functional requirements of service consumers and the quality of elementary service or co...In order to enable quality-aware web services selection in the process of service composition,this paper first describes the non-functional requirements of service consumers and the quality of elementary service or composite service as a quality vector,and then models the QoS（quality of service）-aware composition as a multiple criteria optimization problem in extending directed graph.A novel simulated annealing algorithm for QoS-aware web services composition is presented.A normalizing for composite service QoS values is made,and a secondary iterative optimization is used in the algorithm.Experimental results show that the simulated annealing algorithm can satisfy the multiple criteria and global QoS requirements of service consumers.The algorithm produces near optimum solution with much less computation cost.展开更多
In order to solve the problem that the current matchmaking methods for semantic web service mainly focus on the matchmaking of IO （inputs, outputs） descriptions which may result in one-sidedness, a description-logic...In order to solve the problem that the current matchmaking methods for semantic web service mainly focus on the matchmaking of IO （inputs, outputs） descriptions which may result in one-sidedness, a description-logic-based IOPE （inputs, outputs, preconditions, effects） description and matchmaking method is proposed for semantic web service. The description logic concept is used to annotate service IO and the description logic assertion is employed to describe service PE（preconditions, effects）. TBox subsumption checking is used to measure the subsumption relationship between IO descriptions of service request and advertising; ABox consistency checking is used for checking the logical implication between PE descriptions of service request and advertising. Based upon the logical implication, four kinds of PE matching degrees are proposed to measure and compare the pros and cons of the results of matchmaking. They are the exact, perfect, side-effect and common match. Experiments show that the method has a higher precision rate under the same recall rate compared with the existing method.展开更多
In order to achieve adaptive and efficient service composition, a task-oriented algorithm for discovering services is proposed. The traditional process of service composition is divided into semantic discovery and fun...In order to achieve adaptive and efficient service composition, a task-oriented algorithm for discovering services is proposed. The traditional process of service composition is divided into semantic discovery and functional matching and makes tasks be operation objects. Semantic similarity is used to discover services matching a specific task and then generate a corresponding task-oriented web service composition （TWC） graph. Moreover, an algorithm for the new service is designed to update the TWC. The approach is applied to the composition model, in which the TWC is searched to obtain an optimal path and the final service composition is output. Also, the model can implement realtime updating with changing environments. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm and indicate that the maximum searching radius can be set to 2 to achieve an equilibrium point of quality and quantity.展开更多
基金the National 863 program (2003AA131020-06)the programme Young scientists from extra-European countries to Lower Saxony.
文摘For technical and other reasons there is a dilemma that data providers cannot find an appropriate way to redistribute spatial forest data and data users who need spatial data cannot access and integrate available forest resources information. To overcome this dilemma, this paper proposed a spatial forest information system based on Web service using an open source software approach. With Web service based architecture, the system can enable interoperability, integrate Web services from other application servers, reuse codes, and shorten the development time and cost. At the same time, it is possible to extend the local system to a regional or national spatial forest information system. The growth of Open Source Software （OSS） provides an alternative choice to proprietary software for operating systems, web servers, Web-based GIS applications and database management systems. Using open source software to develop spatial forest information systems can greatly reduce the cost while providing high performance and sharing spatial forest information. We chose open source software to build a prototype system for Xixia County, Henan Province, China. By integrating OSS packages Deegree and UMN MapServer which are compliant to the OGC open specifications, the prototype system enables users to access spatial forest information and travelling information of Xixia County which come from two different data servers via a standard Web browser and promotes spatial forest information sharing.
文摘B2B E Commerce is one of the most potential electronic commerce forms at present. But since traditional B2 B E Commerce system lacks an unified standard and solution of basic architectur e a nd interface, it has many shortcomings such as poor reusability and poor extensi bility. In order to solve the problem, combined with Web Service technology, a B 2B E Commerce system model based on Web Service is proposed and analyzed. The m odel can combine relatively independent Web Service on Intranet and Internet by constructing core application program. As a part of supply chain, it can also pr ovide a standard interface for other applications such as ERP/CRM/SCM, etc. Th er efore, B2B E Commerce system with this form is easy for development, integratio n and maintenance. Finally, a solution of B2B E Commerce system based on Web Se rvice is propounded by introducing an instance.
文摘Parallel kinematics machine （PKM） is advantageous over the serial machine tools in processing the complex-surface products. A manufacturing service system for PKM is developed to provide the services of the complex-surface machining for potential geographically-dispersed manufacturing enterprises. In order to easily in- tegrate the external system, Web services are used to encapsulate post-processing functions of PKM legacy sys- tems, including compilation, workspace calculation, interfere calibration, and kinematics transformation. A ser- vice-oriented architecture（SOA） is proposed for the cooperative work between the PKM system and its client. The workflow and the function module of this manufacturing service system are presented. An example shows that as a result of SOA and loose coupling, such a Web service-based manufacturing service system is easier to in- tegrate and interoperate with its client. Meanwhile, the system decreases the manufacturing cost and improves the efficiency than its former kind of distributed system.
基金The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research and Innovation,Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number 2022/01/22636.
文摘In the Internet of Things(IoT),the users have complex needs,and the Web Service Composition(WSC)was introduced to address these needs.The WSC’s main objective is to search for the optimal combination of web services in response to the user needs and the level of Quality of Services(QoS)constraints.The challenge of this problem is the huge number of web services that achieve similar functionality with different levels of QoS constraints.In this paper,we introduce an extension of our previous works on the Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)and Bat Algorithm(BA).A new hybrid algorithm was proposed between the ABC and BA to achieve a better tradeoff between local exploitation and global search.The bat agent is used to improve the solution of exhausted bees after a threshold(limits),and also an Elitist Strategy(ES)is added to BA to increase the convergence rate.The performance and convergence behavior of the proposed hybrid algorithm was tested using extensive comparative experiments with current state-ofthe-art nature-inspired algorithms on 12 benchmark datasets using three evaluation criteria(average fitness values,best fitness values,and execution time)that were measured for 30 different runs.These datasets are created from real-world datasets and artificially to form different scale sizes of WSC datasets.The results show that the proposed algorithm enhances the search performance and convergence rate on finding the near-optimal web services combination compared to competitors.TheWilcoxon signed-rank significant test is usedwhere the proposed algorithm results significantly differ fromother algorithms on 100%of datasets.
基金Project supported by the National Research Foundation for theDoctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 2000-033554) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Provinceof China (No. 6001107)
文摘This paper presents a novel Web Service based distributed collaborative CAD system employing feature as its collaborative design element and uses XML to define feature operations and communication protocol between the server and the client. To reduce network load and increase response ability of the system, the feature information is updated incrementally on the client. The system supports collaborative designing on heterogeneous platforms. Its framework and communication protocols are analyzed in detail. The experimental results from the developed prototype system showed that it can effectively support collaborative design under the distributed environment.
基金The author extend their appreciation to Deputyship for research&Innovation,Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the Project Number(IF-PSAU-2022/01/19619).
文摘Web services are provided as reusable software components in the services-oriented architecture.More complicated composite services can be combined from these components to satisfy the user requirements represented as a workflow with specified Quality of Service(QoS)limitations.The workflow consists of tasks where many services can be considered for each task.Searching for optimal services combination and optimizing the overall QoS limitations is a Non-deterministic Polynomial(NP)-hard problem.This work focuses on the Web Service Composition(WSC)problem and proposes a new service composition algorithm based on the micro-bats behavior while hunting the prey.The proposed algorithm determines the optimal combination of the web services to satisfy the complex user needs.It also addresses the Bat Algorithm(BA)shortcomings,such as the tradeoff among exploration and exploitation searching mechanisms,local optima,and convergence rate.The proposed enhancement includes a developed cooperative and adaptive population initialization mechanism.An elitist mechanism is utilized to address the BA convergence rate.The tradeoff between exploration and exploitation is handled through a neighborhood search mechanism.Several benchmark datasets are selected to evaluate the proposed bat algorithm’s performance.The simulation results are estimated using the average fitness value,the standard deviation of the fitness value,and an average of the execution time and compared with four bat-inspired algorithms.It is observed from the simulation results that introduced enhancement obtains significant results.
基金Supported by the Plan of Research on Science andTechnology and Development in Hebei Province (04213534)
文摘The aim is to solve the problem that how to share dispersive and heterogeneous data inside business information system or some other information source. On the basis of Web service, this paper adopts the notion of Data As ,Service to build service-oriented data integration architecture. According to this architecture, we develop data collection system which effectively integrates data from heterogeneous informa tion source and present a uniform data view to end users by implementing sharing data from heterogeneous systems and information source . At last, this paper gives an example of a compositive information collection platform system.
文摘It is essential to build a modern information management system to store and manage data of our circumlunar explorer in order to realize the scientific objectives. It is difficult for an information system based on traditional distributed technology to communicate information and work together among heterogeneous systems in order to meet the new requirement of Internet development. XML and Web Services, because of their open standards and self-containing properties, have changed the mode of information organization and data management. Now they can provide a good solution for building an open, extendable, and compatible information management system, and facilitate interchanging and transferring of data among heterogeneous systems. On the basis of the three-tiered browse/server architectures and the Oracle 9i Database as an information storage platform, we have designed and implemented a data archiving and retrieval system for the circumlunar explorer-LUNARINFO. We have also successfully realized the integration between LUNARINFO and the cosmic dust database system. LUNARINFO consists of five function modules for data management, information publishing, system management, data retrieval, and interface integration. Based on XML and Web Services, it not only is an information database system for archiving, long-term storing, retrieving and publication of lunar reference data related to the circumlunar explorer, but also provides data web Services which can be easily developed by various expert groups and connected to the common information system to realize data resource integration.
文摘Mold manufacturing Extended Enterprise （EE） has the following characteristics： distributed in locality, tight cooperation and frequent information exchange. It needs a collaborative, highly efficient, reliable and intelligent manufacturing management system. The background of the Collaborative Manufacturing is introduced. A mold Collaborative Manufacturing Execution System （c-MES） is proposed. The feature of Web Service platform is analyzed. The necessity and feasibility of importing the Web Service to mold c-MES are discussed. Based on Web Service, the model of mold c-MES is built. Every module＇ s function is described in detail, including the functions it supplies and the mechanism of information interaction among them. The feasibility of mold c-MES model is validated by a real mold manufacturing case.
基金Project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation, China (Grant No60574054)Program for NewCentury Excellent Talents in University (2006) the Shanghai Science and Technology Climb Action Foundation( Grant No06DZ11202)
文摘In a networked manufacturing environment, product data integration is the foundation of collaborative manufacturing among manufacturing enterprises. It is very important to build an effective integration mechanism for product data sharing of manufacturing enterprises in geographically dispersed, heterogeneous system platform. In order to integrate enterprise level product data management (PDM) system and shop floor level distributed numerical control (DNC) system, based on the description of Web services technology, a Web-services-based integration approach is presented for facilitating seamless sharing of product data between PDM and DNC systems in a networked manufacturing environment. In order to verify the validity of the proposed approach, an example-based integration development has been implemented with Java 2 Software Development Kit and Java Web Services Developer Pack in Windows 2000 Professional environment.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32371280 and T2350011)。
文摘FL-Online(http://fanlab.ac.cn) is an out-of-box modern web service featuring a user-friendly interface and simplified parameters, providing academic users with access to a series of online programs for biomolecular crystallography, including SAPI-online, OASIS-online, C-IPCAS-online and a series of upcoming software releases. Meanwhile, it is a highly scalable and maintainable web application framework that provides a powerful and flexible solution for academic web development needs. All the codes are open-source under MIT licenses in GitHub.
文摘Now computer terminals, communication control, and network technology continues rapidly developed, the rapidly expanding range of information exchange, has been covering the field device to the control and management at all levels of networking, industrial control monitoring is not only limited to on-site monitoring, on-site scheduling. The development of industrial monitoring control system is a history of development of centralized monitoring and control to the network monitoring control. The previous system, the various important instruments＇ status were monitored by the large-scale instruments.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60773217)Free Exploration Project(985 Project of Renmin University of China)(No.21361231)
文摘In order to enable quality-aware web services selection in the process of service composition,this paper first describes the non-functional requirements of service consumers and the quality of elementary service or composite service as a quality vector,and then models the QoS（quality of service）-aware composition as a multiple criteria optimization problem in extending directed graph.A novel simulated annealing algorithm for QoS-aware web services composition is presented.A normalizing for composite service QoS values is made,and a secondary iterative optimization is used in the algorithm.Experimental results show that the simulated annealing algorithm can satisfy the multiple criteria and global QoS requirements of service consumers.The algorithm produces near optimum solution with much less computation cost.
文摘In order to solve the problem that the current matchmaking methods for semantic web service mainly focus on the matchmaking of IO （inputs, outputs） descriptions which may result in one-sidedness, a description-logic-based IOPE （inputs, outputs, preconditions, effects） description and matchmaking method is proposed for semantic web service. The description logic concept is used to annotate service IO and the description logic assertion is employed to describe service PE（preconditions, effects）. TBox subsumption checking is used to measure the subsumption relationship between IO descriptions of service request and advertising; ABox consistency checking is used for checking the logical implication between PE descriptions of service request and advertising. Based upon the logical implication, four kinds of PE matching degrees are proposed to measure and compare the pros and cons of the results of matchmaking. They are the exact, perfect, side-effect and common match. Experiments show that the method has a higher precision rate under the same recall rate compared with the existing method.
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program of Chinaduring the 11th Five-Year Plan Period(No2007BAF23B0302)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No90818028)
文摘In order to achieve adaptive and efficient service composition, a task-oriented algorithm for discovering services is proposed. The traditional process of service composition is divided into semantic discovery and functional matching and makes tasks be operation objects. Semantic similarity is used to discover services matching a specific task and then generate a corresponding task-oriented web service composition （TWC） graph. Moreover, an algorithm for the new service is designed to update the TWC. The approach is applied to the composition model, in which the TWC is searched to obtain an optimal path and the final service composition is output. Also, the model can implement realtime updating with changing environments. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm and indicate that the maximum searching radius can be set to 2 to achieve an equilibrium point of quality and quantity.
