Photocatalytic conversion of solar energy into hydrogen and high value-added fine chemicals has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient photocatalytic system for simultaneous hydrogen evolu...Photocatalytic conversion of solar energy into hydrogen and high value-added fine chemicals has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient photocatalytic system for simultaneous hydrogen evolution and benzaldehyde production by dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol over Nidecorated Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution under visible light. The photocatalytic system shows an excellent hydrogen production rate of 666.3 μmol h^(-1) with high stability. The optimal apparent quantum yield of52.5% is obtained at 420 nm. This noble-metal-free photocatalytic system displays much higher activity than pure Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and Pt-loaded Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution. Further studies reveal that the metallic Ni nanocrystals play an important role in accelerating the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the subsequent cleavage of α-C–H bond during dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol.展开更多
Agglomeration-free nanosized ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 composite powders were successfully synthesized by Sol-Gel technique in heated aqueous solution of alcohol, using analytically pure ZrOCl2 · 8H2O, HfOCl2·8H2...Agglomeration-free nanosized ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 composite powders were successfully synthesized by Sol-Gel technique in heated aqueous solution of alcohol, using analytically pure ZrOCl2 · 8H2O, HfOCl2·8H2O, Y（NO3）3·6H2O, and Sc2O3 as raw materials. The effect of synthesis condition on the size and dispersity of the composite powders was investigated by means of XRD, TEM, and TG-DSC techniques. The results showed that well-dispersed predecessor of ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 composite nanopowders could be obtained. The optional condition ： PEG6000 as dispersant was 1%, alcohol/H2O ratio was 5/1, metallic ion concentration in whole solution was 0.5 mol·L^-1 and the pH value of the solution was 12. After calcined at 620 ℃, the powder obtained was in uniform cubic structure, and its average particle size was about 13 nm, which was good for producing nanocrystalline solid electrolyte.展开更多
Catechinone hair dyestuff was produced chemically from (+)-catechin by the oxidation with O2 in basic water/alcohol mixed solution. The effects of reaction conditions such as basicity, sorts of added base, temperature...Catechinone hair dyestuff was produced chemically from (+)-catechin by the oxidation with O2 in basic water/alcohol mixed solution. The effects of reaction conditions such as basicity, sorts of added base, temperature, alcohol molar fraction of solvent and sorts of added alcohols on the catechinone formation were studied in order to increase the efficiency of the dyestuff production. The amount of obtained catechinone increases with increasing basicity of the reaction solution. The dyestuff is obtained by adding monoethanol amine, diethanol amine, triethanol amine, l-arginine, Na2CO3, K2CO3, Na3PO4 or NaOH into the solution as a base and the most preferable base is monoethanol amine. The optimum temperature for the production in water/ethanol solution is 30°C. It was found that water-soluble alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanol and tert-butyl alcohol are available for preparing the dyestuff. The optimum alcohol molar fraction of the mixed solvent used for the dye formation is 0.45 for methanol, 0.25 for ethanol and 0.20 for 2-propanol, 0.15 for 1-propanol and 0.10 for tert-butyl alcohol. The amount of the obtained dyestuff reaches a maximum at 1) 0.35 and 0.59, 2) 0.35 or 3) 0.35 mol·kg¨1 of the concentration of (+)-catechin for the 1) water/methanol, 2) water/ethanol or 3) water/1-propanol system, respectively.展开更多
Nano-sized CeO_2 powders were synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method in alcohol-water solution with HMT as precipitator and the nano-particles were characterized by TEM and BET. The process parameters which i...Nano-sized CeO_2 powders were synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method in alcohol-water solution with HMT as precipitator and the nano-particles were characterized by TEM and BET. The process parameters which influenced the sizes and agglomeration of nanometer CeO_2 powders were studied and the influence mechanism was discussed. The results show that the average size of the particles prepared by the above method with the best process parameters is about 8 nm, and the particles are of smaller size and better dispersion than those obtained from the ordinary powders synthesized by homogeneous precipitation in water solution.展开更多
Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the most common health care associated infections in the surgical population. Preoperative surgical preparation solutions containing alcohol are believed to be best...Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the most common health care associated infections in the surgical population. Preoperative surgical preparation solutions containing alcohol are believed to be best at eradicating skin microorganisms. The efficacy of alcohol is concentration dependant, with a concentration of greater than 60% most bactericidal. Surgical antisepsis guidelines do not stipulate how long alcoholic preparation solutions can be left out prior to use. Method: 30 ml of Alcoholic Iodine (Iodine 1% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) and Alcoholic Chlorhexidine (Chlorhex-idine 2% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) were left to stand in gallipots in an operating theatre equipped with laminar flow. Sam-ples were taken at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes and the alcohol content was analyzed. The experiment was repeated 3 times for each time interval. Results: The Alcoholic Iodine group demonstrated significant decrease in alcohol concen-tration, from a mean of 76% (SD 3.6) to a mean of 37.7% (SD 2.9) in only 30 minutes. This effect was sustained, reaching a mean concentration of 26% (SD 2.9) alcohol at 120 minutes. The Alcoholic Chlorhexidine group did not exhibit the same degree of concentration drop, the concentration dropped marginally to 71.5% (SD 2.7) at 120 minutes from 83.4% (SD 0.4). Conclusion: Alcoholic Iodine exhibits significant evaporation under operating room conditions after 30 minutes. Alcoholic Chlorhexidine does not appear to undergo similar losses in concentration. We recommend that alcoholic surgical preparation solutions must be poured immediately prior to use, and must be discarded if left un-covered for more than a few minutes.展开更多
This paper thoroughly studies the＇. process of obtaining sulfur nanoparticles in aqueous medium from sodium polysulfide. Nanosize sulfur particles with orthorhombic structure were obtained at room temperature by mixi...This paper thoroughly studies the＇. process of obtaining sulfur nanoparticles in aqueous medium from sodium polysulfide. Nanosize sulfur particles with orthorhombic structure were obtained at room temperature by mixing sodium polysulfide aqueous solution with various inorganic and organic acids. Sulfur nanoparticles were characterized by laser particle-size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microscopy. Size of sulfur nanoparticles in aqueous dispersion is affected ;trongly by acid concentration, as well as nature of alcohols, used as wetting agents when measuring sulfur particles size iin aqueous medium. Availability of obtaining sulfur nanoparticles of 22-25 nm average si;,e in aqueous medium was revealed. High biological activity of sulfur nanoparticles and ethylalcohol composition on wheat grain couching was established.展开更多
A magnetically recoverable Ru Co bimetallic catalyst was reported for the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol under ambient H_(2) pressure.The magnetic catalyst was prepared by H_(2) treatment of t...A magnetically recoverable Ru Co bimetallic catalyst was reported for the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol under ambient H_(2) pressure.The magnetic catalyst was prepared by H_(2) treatment of the Ru Co composite precursor from a facile one-pot hydrolysis of Co and Ru salts by NaBH_(4) solution.This catalyst can totally convert furfural to 98–100% furfuryl alcohol at 120°C under 1 bar H_(2) in isopropanol or water using only molecular H_(2) as hydrogen source.Moreover,the catalyst showed excellent stability during recycling test and can be easily and completely recovered by magnet from reaction solution.The influence of Ru/Co ratio and H_(2)-treatment temperature was studied,which were shown to be important for the structural evolution and the metal interaction in Ru Co active sites,based on the comprehensive characterizations including XRD,TGA,TEM,XPS,H_(2)-TPR,CO adsorbed DRIFT-IR.It was demonstrated that the cooperative Ru~0–Co~0 bimetallic active sites in strong interaction can significantly promote activity and selectivity of the catalyst due to an enhanced adsorption and activation of furfural and H_(2),and simultaneously created a strong magnetism in the Ru Co catalyst for simple physical separation.展开更多
Bicomponent fibers were wet-spun from soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol). The fiber was brittle and showed a high frequency of breakage upon drawing and the bad compatibility between soybean protein and poly (vi...Bicomponent fibers were wet-spun from soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol). The fiber was brittle and showed a high frequency of breakage upon drawing and the bad compatibility between soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) was thought to be the causes for the poor drawability. Our effort was then to study the soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) solution, with the aim of trying to improve the components’ compatibility and to determine the proper solution condition for dissolving them. The effects of alkali, sodium sulfite and urea on the compatibility of the solution were examined.展开更多
SPR sensor with matrix arrangement of nanostructured golden spots enables both the study of low concentrations of substances in solution and the acquisition of information on the spatial layout of the diagnosed medium...SPR sensor with matrix arrangement of nanostructured golden spots enables both the study of low concentrations of substances in solution and the acquisition of information on the spatial layout of the diagnosed medium in solution. The linear response of this sensor was experimentally specified for standard solutions of alcohols in a concentration range of 0.01 - 0.5 wt%. The influence of signal noise generated by carrier substance flowing through sensing dots has been removed by data processing. This approach enables to determine refractive index changes less than 3 × 10-6.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0402800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.51772285,21473170)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Photocatalytic conversion of solar energy into hydrogen and high value-added fine chemicals has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient photocatalytic system for simultaneous hydrogen evolution and benzaldehyde production by dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol over Nidecorated Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution under visible light. The photocatalytic system shows an excellent hydrogen production rate of 666.3 μmol h^(-1) with high stability. The optimal apparent quantum yield of52.5% is obtained at 420 nm. This noble-metal-free photocatalytic system displays much higher activity than pure Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and Pt-loaded Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution. Further studies reveal that the metallic Ni nanocrystals play an important role in accelerating the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the subsequent cleavage of α-C–H bond during dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20101006)Nano Technology Special Foundationof Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (0452nm073) and Shanghai Education Committee
文摘Agglomeration-free nanosized ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 composite powders were successfully synthesized by Sol-Gel technique in heated aqueous solution of alcohol, using analytically pure ZrOCl2 · 8H2O, HfOCl2·8H2O, Y（NO3）3·6H2O, and Sc2O3 as raw materials. The effect of synthesis condition on the size and dispersity of the composite powders was investigated by means of XRD, TEM, and TG-DSC techniques. The results showed that well-dispersed predecessor of ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 composite nanopowders could be obtained. The optional condition ： PEG6000 as dispersant was 1%, alcohol/H2O ratio was 5/1, metallic ion concentration in whole solution was 0.5 mol·L^-1 and the pH value of the solution was 12. After calcined at 620 ℃, the powder obtained was in uniform cubic structure, and its average particle size was about 13 nm, which was good for producing nanocrystalline solid electrolyte.
文摘Catechinone hair dyestuff was produced chemically from (+)-catechin by the oxidation with O2 in basic water/alcohol mixed solution. The effects of reaction conditions such as basicity, sorts of added base, temperature, alcohol molar fraction of solvent and sorts of added alcohols on the catechinone formation were studied in order to increase the efficiency of the dyestuff production. The amount of obtained catechinone increases with increasing basicity of the reaction solution. The dyestuff is obtained by adding monoethanol amine, diethanol amine, triethanol amine, l-arginine, Na2CO3, K2CO3, Na3PO4 or NaOH into the solution as a base and the most preferable base is monoethanol amine. The optimum temperature for the production in water/ethanol solution is 30°C. It was found that water-soluble alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanol and tert-butyl alcohol are available for preparing the dyestuff. The optimum alcohol molar fraction of the mixed solvent used for the dye formation is 0.45 for methanol, 0.25 for ethanol and 0.20 for 2-propanol, 0.15 for 1-propanol and 0.10 for tert-butyl alcohol. The amount of the obtained dyestuff reaches a maximum at 1) 0.35 and 0.59, 2) 0.35 or 3) 0.35 mol·kg¨1 of the concentration of (+)-catechin for the 1) water/methanol, 2) water/ethanol or 3) water/1-propanol system, respectively.
文摘Nano-sized CeO_2 powders were synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method in alcohol-water solution with HMT as precipitator and the nano-particles were characterized by TEM and BET. The process parameters which influenced the sizes and agglomeration of nanometer CeO_2 powders were studied and the influence mechanism was discussed. The results show that the average size of the particles prepared by the above method with the best process parameters is about 8 nm, and the particles are of smaller size and better dispersion than those obtained from the ordinary powders synthesized by homogeneous precipitation in water solution.
文摘Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the most common health care associated infections in the surgical population. Preoperative surgical preparation solutions containing alcohol are believed to be best at eradicating skin microorganisms. The efficacy of alcohol is concentration dependant, with a concentration of greater than 60% most bactericidal. Surgical antisepsis guidelines do not stipulate how long alcoholic preparation solutions can be left out prior to use. Method: 30 ml of Alcoholic Iodine (Iodine 1% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) and Alcoholic Chlorhexidine (Chlorhex-idine 2% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) were left to stand in gallipots in an operating theatre equipped with laminar flow. Sam-ples were taken at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes and the alcohol content was analyzed. The experiment was repeated 3 times for each time interval. Results: The Alcoholic Iodine group demonstrated significant decrease in alcohol concen-tration, from a mean of 76% (SD 3.6) to a mean of 37.7% (SD 2.9) in only 30 minutes. This effect was sustained, reaching a mean concentration of 26% (SD 2.9) alcohol at 120 minutes. The Alcoholic Chlorhexidine group did not exhibit the same degree of concentration drop, the concentration dropped marginally to 71.5% (SD 2.7) at 120 minutes from 83.4% (SD 0.4). Conclusion: Alcoholic Iodine exhibits significant evaporation under operating room conditions after 30 minutes. Alcoholic Chlorhexidine does not appear to undergo similar losses in concentration. We recommend that alcoholic surgical preparation solutions must be poured immediately prior to use, and must be discarded if left un-covered for more than a few minutes.
文摘This paper thoroughly studies the＇. process of obtaining sulfur nanoparticles in aqueous medium from sodium polysulfide. Nanosize sulfur particles with orthorhombic structure were obtained at room temperature by mixing sodium polysulfide aqueous solution with various inorganic and organic acids. Sulfur nanoparticles were characterized by laser particle-size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microscopy. Size of sulfur nanoparticles in aqueous dispersion is affected ;trongly by acid concentration, as well as nature of alcohols, used as wetting agents when measuring sulfur particles size iin aqueous medium. Availability of obtaining sulfur nanoparticles of 22-25 nm average si;,e in aqueous medium was revealed. High biological activity of sulfur nanoparticles and ethylalcohol composition on wheat grain couching was established.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22062025,21763031)National Special Funds of China(C176220100063)+1 种基金Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202001AW070012,202101AT070171)Program for Excellent Young Talents of Yunnan University。
文摘A magnetically recoverable Ru Co bimetallic catalyst was reported for the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol under ambient H_(2) pressure.The magnetic catalyst was prepared by H_(2) treatment of the Ru Co composite precursor from a facile one-pot hydrolysis of Co and Ru salts by NaBH_(4) solution.This catalyst can totally convert furfural to 98–100% furfuryl alcohol at 120°C under 1 bar H_(2) in isopropanol or water using only molecular H_(2) as hydrogen source.Moreover,the catalyst showed excellent stability during recycling test and can be easily and completely recovered by magnet from reaction solution.The influence of Ru/Co ratio and H_(2)-treatment temperature was studied,which were shown to be important for the structural evolution and the metal interaction in Ru Co active sites,based on the comprehensive characterizations including XRD,TGA,TEM,XPS,H_(2)-TPR,CO adsorbed DRIFT-IR.It was demonstrated that the cooperative Ru~0–Co~0 bimetallic active sites in strong interaction can significantly promote activity and selectivity of the catalyst due to an enhanced adsorption and activation of furfural and H_(2),and simultaneously created a strong magnetism in the Ru Co catalyst for simple physical separation.
文摘Bicomponent fibers were wet-spun from soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol). The fiber was brittle and showed a high frequency of breakage upon drawing and the bad compatibility between soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) was thought to be the causes for the poor drawability. Our effort was then to study the soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) solution, with the aim of trying to improve the components’ compatibility and to determine the proper solution condition for dissolving them. The effects of alkali, sodium sulfite and urea on the compatibility of the solution were examined.
基金This paper was created in the Project No.LO1203“Regional Materials Science and Technology Centre—Feasibility Program”funded by Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic.
文摘SPR sensor with matrix arrangement of nanostructured golden spots enables both the study of low concentrations of substances in solution and the acquisition of information on the spatial layout of the diagnosed medium in solution. The linear response of this sensor was experimentally specified for standard solutions of alcohols in a concentration range of 0.01 - 0.5 wt%. The influence of signal noise generated by carrier substance flowing through sensing dots has been removed by data processing. This approach enables to determine refractive index changes less than 3 × 10-6.
