The screening practices for hepatitis D virus(HDV)are diverse and nonstandardized worldwide,and the exact prevalence of HDV is uncertain.AIM To estimate HDV prevalence and investigate viral marker quantity trends in p...The screening practices for hepatitis D virus(HDV)are diverse and nonstandardized worldwide,and the exact prevalence of HDV is uncertain.AIM To estimate HDV prevalence and investigate viral marker quantity trends in patients with hepatitis D.METHODS We collected 5594 serum samples from patients with hepatitis B in Jilin Province,China(3293 males and 2301 females,age range of 2 to 89 years).We then conducted tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B Virus(HBV)DNA,anti-hepatitis D antigen(HDAg),and HDV RNA.RESULTS We found that the prevalence of anti-HDAg and HDV RNA among hepatitis B patient were 3.6%(3.2-4.2%)and 1.2%(0.9-1.5%),respectively,87.69%of hepatitis D patients were 51-70 years old.HDV infection screening positive rate of patients with HBV DNA levels below 2000 IU/mL(2.0%)was higher than those above 2000 IU/mL(0.2%).Among anti-HDAg positive patients,the HDV RNA positive rate was positively correlated with the HBsAg level and anti-HDAg level.There was a weak correlation between HBsAg and anti-HDAg levels among hepatitis D patients.CONCLUSION Our study highlights the importance of considering multiple factors when assessing the severity of HDV infection,comprehensive evaluation of patients’clinical and laboratory parameters is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Objective:To report high co-positivity of anti-dengue virus(DV)and anti-Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)IgM in an area endemic for both the viruses and to discuss the possibilities of coinfection.Methods:Serum samples...Objective:To report high co-positivity of anti-dengue virus(DV)and anti-Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)IgM in an area endemic for both the viruses and to discuss the possibilities of coinfection.Methods:Serum samples from the patients who presented with fever,suspected central nervous system infection and thrombocytopenia,were tested for anti-DV IgM and antiJEV IgM antibodies.Conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was done for detection of DV RNA and JEV RNA.Results:Of 1 410 patient sera tested for anti-DV and antiJEV antibodies,129(9.14%)were co-positive for both.This co-positivity was observed only in those months when anli-JEV IgM positivily was high.Tilers of both anli-DV IgM and anti-JEV IgM were high in most of the co-positive eases.Among these 129 co-positive cases,76 were lesled by conventional reverse Iranscriplase polymerase chain reaction for both flaviviruses,of which eight cases were co-positive for DV and JEV.Conclusions:Co-infection with more than one fluvivirus species can occur in hyperendemic areas.展开更多
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common pathogen that leads to lifelong latent infection and may be associated with transmission from mother to their fetus. A total of 191 blood samples of pregnant women were collected...Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common pathogen that leads to lifelong latent infection and may be associated with transmission from mother to their fetus. A total of 191 blood samples of pregnant women were collected to check the prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). It was observed that 124 (64.9%) and 04 (2.1%) samples were positive for HSV IgG and HSV IgM, respectively. Seropositivity of HSV IgG was the highest for third trimester and it was followed by second and first trimester;while it was the highest for first trimester for HSV IgM and it was followed by third and second trimester. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG and IgM was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05) according to gestation age. A significant correlation was observed between HSV IgG and age groups of pregnant women;while it was insignificant for HSV IgM. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG+ IgM- was 32 (53.3%), 61 (66.3%), and 27 (69.2%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG+ IgM+ group was 02 (3.3%), 01 (1.1%) and 01 (2.6%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG- IgM- group was 26 (43.3%), 30 (32.6%), and 11 (28.2%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively.展开更多
Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a global health concern which is responsible for most of the liver diseases.Currently,there is no vaccine available for prevention of HCV infection due to the high degree of strain variation.T...Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a global health concern which is responsible for most of the liver diseases.Currently,there is no vaccine available for prevention of HCV infection due to the high degree of strain variation.The current standard of care is a combination of pegylated interferonαwith ribavirin and boceprevir/telaprevir.This treatment was partially effective and had significant side effects.Hence,there is a need to develop new antiviral agents that interfere with different stages of the HCV life cycle.Recent advances in the understanding of both the cellular and molecular mechanisms of HCV replication have provided the basis for novel therapeutic strategies.Several hundred plant species and their phyto-constituents have been isolated for screening against HCV,and some have been shown to have great medicinal value in preventing and/or ameliorating viral diseases in pre-clinical and clinical trials.This review summarizes medicinal plants and their phytochemicals which inhibit different stages of HCV life cycle and discuss their potential use in HCV therapy.展开更多
Hepatitis E is a common infection caused by the Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a primarily enteric virus. HEV disease is mainly spread via stool contamination of water and food supplies. The virus has recently been identifi...Hepatitis E is a common infection caused by the Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a primarily enteric virus. HEV disease is mainly spread via stool contamination of water and food supplies. The virus has recently been identified as a global threat to blood safety. The seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors in Kenya remains unknown. This study was carried out as a pilot study to determine the seroprevalence of the virus among blood donors at Nairobi Blood Transfusion Center during the period from September 2018 to January 2019. A total of three hundred and fifty eight (n = 358) plasma samples were used in this study. The plasma was tested for HEV IgM and IgG antibody using a qualitative membrane-based immunoassay (Biopanda reagents Belfast UK). Demographic characteristics of the blood donors were also collected. The age of the blood donors ranged from 16 to 61 years with a mean age of 29 years (±14). Of the study subjects, 36% (n = 130) were females while 64% (n = 228) were males. Overall, 10.6% (38) and 7.8% (28) of the samples were HEV IgG and IgM seropositive respectively. Anti-HEV was distributed among all age groups;however donors aged 20 - 40 years had the highest prevalence. This study shows a relatively high prevalence of anti-HEV among healthy blood donors in Nairobi, Kenya. Further studies would be needed in other population groups to assess the potential benefit of incorporating HEV screening of blood products to the current blood donor selection criteria. Moreover, further studies to determine the circulating genotypes of HEV among this group are required for epidemiological reasons.展开更多
In the present study, we analysed the results from the use of serological tests for the evaluation of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 virus, with the aim of verifying the seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 virus infect...In the present study, we analysed the results from the use of serological tests for the evaluation of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 virus, with the aim of verifying the seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in Rome. Evaluations related to the seroprevalence are important for defining the epidemiological parameters of this disease. We therefore analysed the data deriving from 1586 subjects, residing in the geographical area of Rome, subjected to a rapid test, capable of detecting the presence of specific IgM and IgG class antibodies directed against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Among the 1586 cases, 83 had positive conversion of IgM antibody and/or IgG antibody and 1503 tested negative. Out of 83 positive cases, 48% (40/83) samples resulted positively for both IgM and IgG, while 45% (37/83) were positive for IgG only, and 7% (6/83) for IgM only. The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the considered geographical area was 5% (83/1586), and 54% (45/83) of our population was an asymptomatic carrier. The study was performed to better evaluate the population prevalence in the studied geographic area. To our knowledge, this is the first study carried out in the Lazio region reporting data related to the asymptomatic carriers.展开更多
Das Zytomegalie-Virus ist angesichts seiner hohen Pravalenz das haufigste interuterin ubertragene Virus. Zur Diagnose der Zytomegalie-Virus-Infektion stehen mehrere Moglichkeiten zur Verfu...Das Zytomegalie-Virus ist angesichts seiner hohen Pravalenz das haufigste interuterin ubertragene Virus. Zur Diagnose der Zytomegalie-Virus-Infektion stehen mehrere Moglichkeiten zur Verfugun, z.B. die Viruskultur aus verschiedenen Materialen und die DNA-Hybridisierung. Die schnelle und zuerlassige Diagnostik ist die Bestimmung von Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorpern, naemlich quantitativer Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-IgG-Antikorpern und qualitativer Nachweis von Zytomeglie-Virus Spezifischen IgM-Antikorpern. Der Nachweis von IgM-Antikorpern oder der Anstieg des IgG-Antikorpers bei einer Serokonversion sind Zeichen der aktiven Zytomegalie-Virus-Infektion, wonach diese Infektion gewertet werden kann. Um die Frage der Brauchbarkeit der methode fur den Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorper-Nachweis zu beantworten und die Technik zum Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorpern zu prufen, wurde in der Studie der Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-IgG und IgM-Antikorpern aus filtergetrocknetem Blut durchgefuhrt. Dabei wurde festgestellt, da diese Filterpapier-Technik zum Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorpern durchfuhrbar ist.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Provence,No.YDZJ202201ZTYS016and Jilin Provincial Health Commission,No.2022JC053.
文摘The screening practices for hepatitis D virus(HDV)are diverse and nonstandardized worldwide,and the exact prevalence of HDV is uncertain.AIM To estimate HDV prevalence and investigate viral marker quantity trends in patients with hepatitis D.METHODS We collected 5594 serum samples from patients with hepatitis B in Jilin Province,China(3293 males and 2301 females,age range of 2 to 89 years).We then conducted tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B Virus(HBV)DNA,anti-hepatitis D antigen(HDAg),and HDV RNA.RESULTS We found that the prevalence of anti-HDAg and HDV RNA among hepatitis B patient were 3.6%(3.2-4.2%)and 1.2%(0.9-1.5%),respectively,87.69%of hepatitis D patients were 51-70 years old.HDV infection screening positive rate of patients with HBV DNA levels below 2000 IU/mL(2.0%)was higher than those above 2000 IU/mL(0.2%).Among anti-HDAg positive patients,the HDV RNA positive rate was positively correlated with the HBsAg level and anti-HDAg level.There was a weak correlation between HBsAg and anti-HDAg levels among hepatitis D patients.CONCLUSION Our study highlights the importance of considering multiple factors when assessing the severity of HDV infection,comprehensive evaluation of patients’clinical and laboratory parameters is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment.
基金Financial support from Indian Council of Medical Research.New DelhiCouncil of Scientific,Industrial Research,New Delhi
文摘Objective:To report high co-positivity of anti-dengue virus(DV)and anti-Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)IgM in an area endemic for both the viruses and to discuss the possibilities of coinfection.Methods:Serum samples from the patients who presented with fever,suspected central nervous system infection and thrombocytopenia,were tested for anti-DV IgM and antiJEV IgM antibodies.Conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was done for detection of DV RNA and JEV RNA.Results:Of 1 410 patient sera tested for anti-DV and antiJEV antibodies,129(9.14%)were co-positive for both.This co-positivity was observed only in those months when anli-JEV IgM positivily was high.Tilers of both anli-DV IgM and anti-JEV IgM were high in most of the co-positive eases.Among these 129 co-positive cases,76 were lesled by conventional reverse Iranscriplase polymerase chain reaction for both flaviviruses,of which eight cases were co-positive for DV and JEV.Conclusions:Co-infection with more than one fluvivirus species can occur in hyperendemic areas.
文摘Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common pathogen that leads to lifelong latent infection and may be associated with transmission from mother to their fetus. A total of 191 blood samples of pregnant women were collected to check the prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). It was observed that 124 (64.9%) and 04 (2.1%) samples were positive for HSV IgG and HSV IgM, respectively. Seropositivity of HSV IgG was the highest for third trimester and it was followed by second and first trimester;while it was the highest for first trimester for HSV IgM and it was followed by third and second trimester. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG and IgM was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05) according to gestation age. A significant correlation was observed between HSV IgG and age groups of pregnant women;while it was insignificant for HSV IgM. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG+ IgM- was 32 (53.3%), 61 (66.3%), and 27 (69.2%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG+ IgM+ group was 02 (3.3%), 01 (1.1%) and 01 (2.6%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG- IgM- group was 26 (43.3%), 30 (32.6%), and 11 (28.2%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively.
文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a global health concern which is responsible for most of the liver diseases.Currently,there is no vaccine available for prevention of HCV infection due to the high degree of strain variation.The current standard of care is a combination of pegylated interferonαwith ribavirin and boceprevir/telaprevir.This treatment was partially effective and had significant side effects.Hence,there is a need to develop new antiviral agents that interfere with different stages of the HCV life cycle.Recent advances in the understanding of both the cellular and molecular mechanisms of HCV replication have provided the basis for novel therapeutic strategies.Several hundred plant species and their phyto-constituents have been isolated for screening against HCV,and some have been shown to have great medicinal value in preventing and/or ameliorating viral diseases in pre-clinical and clinical trials.This review summarizes medicinal plants and their phytochemicals which inhibit different stages of HCV life cycle and discuss their potential use in HCV therapy.
文摘Hepatitis E is a common infection caused by the Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a primarily enteric virus. HEV disease is mainly spread via stool contamination of water and food supplies. The virus has recently been identified as a global threat to blood safety. The seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors in Kenya remains unknown. This study was carried out as a pilot study to determine the seroprevalence of the virus among blood donors at Nairobi Blood Transfusion Center during the period from September 2018 to January 2019. A total of three hundred and fifty eight (n = 358) plasma samples were used in this study. The plasma was tested for HEV IgM and IgG antibody using a qualitative membrane-based immunoassay (Biopanda reagents Belfast UK). Demographic characteristics of the blood donors were also collected. The age of the blood donors ranged from 16 to 61 years with a mean age of 29 years (±14). Of the study subjects, 36% (n = 130) were females while 64% (n = 228) were males. Overall, 10.6% (38) and 7.8% (28) of the samples were HEV IgG and IgM seropositive respectively. Anti-HEV was distributed among all age groups;however donors aged 20 - 40 years had the highest prevalence. This study shows a relatively high prevalence of anti-HEV among healthy blood donors in Nairobi, Kenya. Further studies would be needed in other population groups to assess the potential benefit of incorporating HEV screening of blood products to the current blood donor selection criteria. Moreover, further studies to determine the circulating genotypes of HEV among this group are required for epidemiological reasons.
文摘In the present study, we analysed the results from the use of serological tests for the evaluation of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 virus, with the aim of verifying the seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in Rome. Evaluations related to the seroprevalence are important for defining the epidemiological parameters of this disease. We therefore analysed the data deriving from 1586 subjects, residing in the geographical area of Rome, subjected to a rapid test, capable of detecting the presence of specific IgM and IgG class antibodies directed against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Among the 1586 cases, 83 had positive conversion of IgM antibody and/or IgG antibody and 1503 tested negative. Out of 83 positive cases, 48% (40/83) samples resulted positively for both IgM and IgG, while 45% (37/83) were positive for IgG only, and 7% (6/83) for IgM only. The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the considered geographical area was 5% (83/1586), and 54% (45/83) of our population was an asymptomatic carrier. The study was performed to better evaluate the population prevalence in the studied geographic area. To our knowledge, this is the first study carried out in the Lazio region reporting data related to the asymptomatic carriers.
文摘Das Zytomegalie-Virus ist angesichts seiner hohen Pravalenz das haufigste interuterin ubertragene Virus. Zur Diagnose der Zytomegalie-Virus-Infektion stehen mehrere Moglichkeiten zur Verfugun, z.B. die Viruskultur aus verschiedenen Materialen und die DNA-Hybridisierung. Die schnelle und zuerlassige Diagnostik ist die Bestimmung von Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorpern, naemlich quantitativer Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-IgG-Antikorpern und qualitativer Nachweis von Zytomeglie-Virus Spezifischen IgM-Antikorpern. Der Nachweis von IgM-Antikorpern oder der Anstieg des IgG-Antikorpers bei einer Serokonversion sind Zeichen der aktiven Zytomegalie-Virus-Infektion, wonach diese Infektion gewertet werden kann. Um die Frage der Brauchbarkeit der methode fur den Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorper-Nachweis zu beantworten und die Technik zum Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorpern zu prufen, wurde in der Studie der Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-IgG und IgM-Antikorpern aus filtergetrocknetem Blut durchgefuhrt. Dabei wurde festgestellt, da diese Filterpapier-Technik zum Nachweis von Zytomegalie-Virus-Antikorpern durchfuhrbar ist.
