Sediment carbon sequestration plays an essential role in mitigating atmospheric CO2 increases and the subsequently global greenhouse effect. To clarify the late Quaternary strata and carbon burial records in YeUow Riv...Sediment carbon sequestration plays an essential role in mitigating atmospheric CO2 increases and the subsequently global greenhouse effect. To clarify the late Quaternary strata and carbon burial records in YeUow River delta （YRD）, detailed analysis of benthic foraminifera, total carbon （TC）, organic carbon （Corg）, sedimentary characteristics and moisture contents of sediments, was performed on core ZK3, 30.3 m in length and obtained from YRD in 2007. Eight depositional units （designated U1-U8 in ascending order） were identified. A comprehensive analysis method of historical geography and sedimentary geology was used to de- termine the precise depositional ages of the modem Yellow River delta （MYRD）, from which pre-MYRD ages were deduced. The results indicates that the maximum burial rates of TC, inorganic carbon （IC） and Corg occurred in the delta front （U5）, and the mini- mum in the shallow sea （U3）. Remarkable high sedimentation rates in the MYRD are responsible for burial efficiency of carbon, with an average rate of Corg burial reaching 2087±251 g（m2yr）-1, and that of IC reaching 13741±808g（m2yr）-1, which are much higher than those of other regions with high contents of Corg. Therefore, YRD has a significant burial efficiency for carbon sequestration.展开更多
This work quantified the total carbon and 12 other sediment characteristics at 10 soil depths, in planted and or natural mangrove forests in comparison with non-vegetated soil for four seasons of the year 2009-2010 in...This work quantified the total carbon and 12 other sediment characteristics at 10 soil depths, in planted and or natural mangrove forests in comparison with non-vegetated soil for four seasons of the year 2009-2010 in the Vellar-Coleroon estuarine complex, India. The sedi- ment characteristics varied significantly between mangrove-vegetated and non-vegetated habitats or seasons of analysis, but not between soil depths. The mangrove sediments were rich in total carbon and total or- ganic carbon as compared to non-mangrove sediments （p 〈0.01）. Total carbon was 98.2% higher in mature mangroves and 41.8% in planted mangroves than that in non-mangrove soil. Total organic carbon was as much as 2.5 times greater in mature mangroves and 2 times greater in planted mangroves than that in unvegetated soil. Carbon contents also varied many fold by season. Total carbon content was 8.6 times greater during pre-monsoon, 4.1 times greater during post-monsoon and 2.5 times greater during monsoon than during summer （P〈0.01 in all cases）. Similarly, total organic carbon was 5.9 times greater during pre-monsoon, 3.1 times greater during post-monsoon and 69% greater during monsoon than during summer. In general, higher levels of sediment carbon were recorded during pre and post-monsoon seasons than during other seasons. Total carbon concentration was correlated negatively to temperature, sand and phosphorus （P 〈0.01）; positively correlated with redox potential, silt, clay, C/N ratio, potassium （P 〈0.01） and nitrogen （P〈0.05）; but not correlated with soil depth, pH or salinity. This work revealed that the carbon burial was rapid at the annual rate of 2.8% for total carbon, and 6.7% for total organic carbon in mangrove-planted sediment. Cleating of mangroves can result in significantly and rapidly reduced carbon stores.Our study highlights the importance of natural and plantation mangrove stands for conserving sediment carbon in the tropical coastal domain.展开更多
Man-made environments such as tropical hydroelectric reservoirs alter the preexisting carbon (C) cycle and remove C from circulation through burial in sediments. Carbon burial (CB) was measured using the silica-tracer...Man-made environments such as tropical hydroelectric reservoirs alter the preexisting carbon (C) cycle and remove C from circulation through burial in sediments. Carbon burial (CB) was measured using the silica-tracer method during four field surveys in the less than six-year-old Belo Monte tropical reservoir. Fresh C sedimentation was also measured. Belo Monte’s CB median rate 276 (n = 84;min 0;max 352,625 mg C·m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup>) is within the range (230 to 436 mg C<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup>) of CB rates measured further downstream at the Xingu Ria and higher than the averaged over 50 years oceanic rate 244 mg C<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup> estimated for an increasingly deoxygenated ocean. Carbon burial median rates of tropical reservoirs with similar age and trophic state correlate inversely with latitude at a rate of 17.5 mg C<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup> per degree. Carbon burial efficiency of these reservoirs correlates positively with latitude at a ratio of 0.22% per degree.展开更多
The well-developed coal electricity generation and coal chemical industries have led to huge carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the northeastern Ordos Basin.The geological storage of CO_(2) in saline aquifers is an ef...The well-developed coal electricity generation and coal chemical industries have led to huge carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the northeastern Ordos Basin.The geological storage of CO_(2) in saline aquifers is an effective backup way to achieve carbon neutrality.In this case,the potential of saline aquifers for CO_(2) storage serves as a critical basis for subsequent geological storage project.This study calculated the technical control capacities of CO_(2) of the saline aquifers in the fifth member of the Shiqianfeng Formation(the Qian-5 member)based on the statistical analysis of the logging and the drilling and core data from more than 200 wells in the northeastern Ordos Basin,as well as the sedimentary facies,formation lithology,and saline aquifer development patterns of the Qian-5 member.The results show that(1)the reservoirs of saline aquifers in the Qian-5 member,which comprise distributary channel sand bodies of deltaic plains,feature low porosities and permeabilities;(2)The study area hosts three NNE-directed saline aquifer zones,where saline aquifers generally have a single-layer thickness of 3‒8 m and a cumulative thickness of 8‒24 m;(3)The saline aquifers of the Qian-5 member have a total technical control capacity of CO_(2) of 119.25×10^(6) t.With the largest scale and the highest technical control capacity(accounting for 61%of the total technical control capacity),the Jinjie-Yulin saline aquifer zone is an important prospect area for the geological storage of CO_(2) in the saline aquifers of the Qian-5 member in the study area.展开更多
In this study, we assessed the burial fluxes and source appointment of different forms of carbon in core sediments collected from culture areas in the Sanggou Bay, and preliminarily analyzed the reasons for the greate...In this study, we assessed the burial fluxes and source appointment of different forms of carbon in core sediments collected from culture areas in the Sanggou Bay, and preliminarily analyzed the reasons for the greater proportion of inorganic carbon burial fluxes （BFTIc）. The average content of total carbon （TC） in the Sanggou Bay was 2.14%. Total organic carbon （TOC） accounted for a small proportion in TC, more than 65% of which derived from terrigenous organic carbon （Ct）, and while the proportion of marine-derived organic carbon （Ca） increased significantly since the beginning of large-scale aquaculture. Total inorganic carbon （TIC） accounted for 60%-75% of TC, an average of which was 60%, with a maximum up to 90% during flourishing periods （1880-1948） of small natural shellfish derived from seashells inorganic carbon （SheU-IC）. The TC burial fluxes ranged from 31 g/（m2.a） to 895 g/（m2.a） with an average of 227 g/（m2.a）, which was dominated by TIC （about 70%）. Shell-IC was the main source of TIC and even TC. As the main food of natural shellfish, biogenic silica （BSi） negatively correlated with BFTIc through affecting shellfish breeding. BFTIc of Sta. S1, influenced greatly by the Yellow Sea Coastal Current, had a certain response to Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） in some specific periods.展开更多
Organic carbon （OC）, total nitrogen （TN）, and ^210Pb in core sediment were measured to quantify the burial of organic carbon and the relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous contributions during the ...Organic carbon （OC）, total nitrogen （TN）, and ^210Pb in core sediment were measured to quantify the burial of organic carbon and the relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous contributions during the past one hundred years in Jiaozhou Bay, North China. The core sediment was dated using ^210Pb chronology, which is the most promising method for estimation of sedimentation rate on a time scale of 100-150 years. The variation of the burial flux of organic carbon in the past one hundred years can be divided into the following three stages： （1） relatively steady before 1980s; （2） increasing rapidly from the 1980s to a peak in the 1990s, and （3） decreasing from the 1990s to the present. The change is consistent with the amount of solid waste and sewage emptied into the bay. The OC：TN ratio was used to evaluate the source of organic carbon in the Jiaozhou Bay sediment. In the inner bay and bay mouth, the organic carbon was the main contributor from terrestrial sources, whereas only about half of organic carbon was contributed from terrestrial source in the outer bay. In the inner bay, the terrestrial source of organic carbon showed a steady change with an increase in the range of 69%-77% before 1990 to 93% in 2000, and then decreased from 2000 because of the decrease in the terrestrial input. In the bay mouth, the percentage of organic carbon from land reached the highest value with 94% in 1994. In the outer bay, the sediment source maintained steady for the past one hundred years.展开更多
Long-term changes of composition, sources and burial fluxes of TOC （total organic carbon） in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area and their possible affecting factors are discussed in this paper. Firstly, si...Long-term changes of composition, sources and burial fluxes of TOC （total organic carbon） in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area and their possible affecting factors are discussed in this paper. Firstly, similarity analysis is employed to confirm that the carbon burial features resulted from two collected cores are typical in the central Yellow Sea mud area where YSWC （Yellow Sea Warm Current） is prevalent. On this basis, the burial flux of TOC here was considered to be 235.5-488.4 pmol/（cm^2.a） since the first industrial revolution, accounting for about 70%-90% among burial fluxes of TC （total carbon） in the sediments. Compared TOC/TC ratio in the two cores with that in other marine sediments worldwide, we suggest that the growth of calcareous/non-calcareous organisms and dissolution of IC （inorganic carbon） are important factors controlling the TOC/TC ratio in sediment. Results of two-end mixed model based on fi13C data indicate that marine-derived organic carbon （OCa） is the main part among total burial organic carbon which accounts for a ratio over 85%. Due to the high TOC/TC ratio in the two cores, TC in the sediments also mainly exists as OCa, and the proportion of OCa is about 60%-80%. Away from the shore and relatively high primary production in upper waters are the main reasons that OCa is predominant among all burial OC in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area. Burial of OC in this mud area is probably mainly influenced by the human activities. Although the economic development during the late 19th century caused by the first industrial revolution in China did not obviously increase the TOC burial fluxes in the sediments, the rise of industry and agriculture after the founding of new China has clearly increased the TOC burial flux since 1950s. Otherwise, we also realize that among TC burial fluxes, TIC account for about 10%-30% in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area, so its burial could not be simply ignored here. Distinct from TOC burial, long-term TIC burial fluxes variations relate with climate changes more closely： the East Asian summer monsoon may influence the strength of the Huanghe River （Yellow River） flood, which could further affect the transport of terrestrial IC from land to the central Yellow Sea as well as the burial of these IC in the sediments.展开更多
The redox sensitive elements, molybdenum （Mo） and uranium （U）, in marine sediments from the latest Permian Dalong （大隆） Formation at the Shangsi （上寺） Section, Northeast Sichnan （四川）, South China, were a...The redox sensitive elements, molybdenum （Mo） and uranium （U）, in marine sediments from the latest Permian Dalong （大隆） Formation at the Shangsi （上寺） Section, Northeast Sichnan （四川）, South China, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） to determine their response to a range of redox conditions, and to estimate the organic carbon burial rate. On the basis of the correlation between anthigenic Mo abundance and organic carbon content in modern oceans, the organic carbon burial rates were calculated for the rocks at Dalong Formation, ranging from 0.48-125.83 mmol/（m^2.d）, which shows a larger range than the mineralization rate of organic carbon at the continental margins （1.6-4.23 mmol/（m^2-d））. The Zr-normalized Mo and U abundances show large fluctuations in the entire section. The maxima of Zr-normalized Mo abundance and thus the maxima of the organic carbon burial rates were observed at the interval between the 155th and 156th beds （404-407 m above the base of Middle Permian）. A decrease （the minimum） in U/Mo ratios is present in this interval. It is speculated that the oxygen-limited conditions and ultimately anoxia or euxinia may develop within this depth interval. In contrast, an enhanced enrichment of Zr-normalized U abundance is found, in association with less enrichment in Zr-normalized Mo abundance in the interval from the 151st to 154th beds （395-404 m above the base of Middle Permian）, inferring the dominance of a suboxic/anoxic depositional condition （denitrifying condition）, or without free H2S. The presence of small quantities of dissolved oxygen may have caused the solubilization and loss of Mo from sediments. It is proposed that the multiple cycles of abrupt oxidation and reduction due to the upwelling at this interval lead to the enhanced accumulation of authigenic U, but less enrichment of Mo. A decrease in the contents of U, Mo, and TOC is found above the 157th bed （407 m above the base of Middle Permian）, in association with the enhanced U/Mo ratio, suggesting the overall oxic conditions at the end of the Dalong Formation.展开更多
【目的】河流筑坝对有机碳具有重要的拦截作用,影响内陆水体碳循环。目前,河道型水库沉积物有机碳空间分布特征和自生有机碳埋藏通量仍不明确。【方法】采用沉积物柱芯法、沉积物物理化学参数和碳同位素二元混合模型,对河道型水库(银盘...【目的】河流筑坝对有机碳具有重要的拦截作用,影响内陆水体碳循环。目前,河道型水库沉积物有机碳空间分布特征和自生有机碳埋藏通量仍不明确。【方法】采用沉积物柱芯法、沉积物物理化学参数和碳同位素二元混合模型,对河道型水库(银盘水库)沉积物有机碳埋藏开展了调研。【结果】结果显示:银盘水库沉积物有机碳含量变化范围为0.99%~1.32%,库中和坝前沉积柱有机碳含量均值分别为1.12%和1.16%;内源有机碳与总磷呈现显著正相关;有机碳埋藏速率变化范围为98.7~348.9 g C·m^(-2)·a^(-1),平均值为223.8 g C·m^(-2)·a^(-1),有机碳埋藏通量和内源有机碳埋藏通量分别为2.5×10^(9)g C·a^(-1)和1.8×10^(9)g C·a^(-1);内源有机碳对沉积物总有机碳的贡献比例为69.0%~75.2%,平均值为71.5%。【结论】结果表明:河道型水库沉积柱有机碳含量从库中到坝前没有明显变化;水库内源有机质的生成与营养盐输入和水体滞留时间密切相关;银盘水库有机碳埋藏通量相当于全球水库有机碳埋藏通量的0.04‰,河道型水库是个重要的潜在碳汇。研究结果能够为河道型水库碳埋藏研究和水电清洁型评估提供参考依据。展开更多
Carbon burial in lake sediments is an important component of the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about the magnitude of carbon sequestered in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region of China(ASAC).I...Carbon burial in lake sediments is an important component of the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about the magnitude of carbon sequestered in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region of China(ASAC).In this study, we estimate both organic and inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800 based on nine lakes in ASAC,and discuss the most plausible factors controlling carbon burial. Our estimates show that the annual organic carbon burial rate(OCBR) ranges from 5.3 to 129.8 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 49.9 g cm-2year-1), leading to a standing stock of 1.1–24.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.6 kg cm-2)and a regional sum of *108 Tg organic carbon sequestered since *AD 1800. The annual inorganic carbon burial rate(ICBR) ranges from 11.4 to 124.0 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 48.3 g cm-2year-1), which is slightly lower than OCBR. The inorganic carbon standing stock ranges from2.4 to 26.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.1 kg cm-2),resulting in a sum of *101 Tg regional inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800, which is slightly lower than the organic carbon sequestration. OCBR in ASAC shows a continuously increasing trend since *AD 1950, which is possibly due to the high autochthonous and allochthonous primary production and subsequently high sedimentation rate in the lakes. This increasing carbon burial is possibly related to both climatic changes and enhanced anthropogenic activities, such as land use change, deforestation, and eutrophication in the lake. Furthermore, OCBR and ICBR are expected to continuously increase under the scenario of increasing precipitation and runoff and enhanced anthropogenic activities.The results of this research show that the buried carbon in lake sediments of the ASAC region constitutes a significant and large carbon pool, which should be considered and integrated into the global carbon cycle.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41406082, ZR2014DQ010, 40872167 and 41240022)Governmental Public Research Funds of China (Grant Nos. 201111023, 1212010611402 and GZH201200503)
文摘Sediment carbon sequestration plays an essential role in mitigating atmospheric CO2 increases and the subsequently global greenhouse effect. To clarify the late Quaternary strata and carbon burial records in YeUow River delta （YRD）, detailed analysis of benthic foraminifera, total carbon （TC）, organic carbon （Corg）, sedimentary characteristics and moisture contents of sediments, was performed on core ZK3, 30.3 m in length and obtained from YRD in 2007. Eight depositional units （designated U1-U8 in ascending order） were identified. A comprehensive analysis method of historical geography and sedimentary geology was used to de- termine the precise depositional ages of the modem Yellow River delta （MYRD）, from which pre-MYRD ages were deduced. The results indicates that the maximum burial rates of TC, inorganic carbon （IC） and Corg occurred in the delta front （U5）, and the mini- mum in the shallow sea （U3）. Remarkable high sedimentation rates in the MYRD are responsible for burial efficiency of carbon, with an average rate of Corg burial reaching 2087±251 g（m2yr）-1, and that of IC reaching 13741±808g（m2yr）-1, which are much higher than those of other regions with high contents of Corg. Therefore, YRD has a significant burial efficiency for carbon sequestration.
基金the Ministry of Earth Science for financial support
文摘This work quantified the total carbon and 12 other sediment characteristics at 10 soil depths, in planted and or natural mangrove forests in comparison with non-vegetated soil for four seasons of the year 2009-2010 in the Vellar-Coleroon estuarine complex, India. The sedi- ment characteristics varied significantly between mangrove-vegetated and non-vegetated habitats or seasons of analysis, but not between soil depths. The mangrove sediments were rich in total carbon and total or- ganic carbon as compared to non-mangrove sediments （p 〈0.01）. Total carbon was 98.2% higher in mature mangroves and 41.8% in planted mangroves than that in non-mangrove soil. Total organic carbon was as much as 2.5 times greater in mature mangroves and 2 times greater in planted mangroves than that in unvegetated soil. Carbon contents also varied many fold by season. Total carbon content was 8.6 times greater during pre-monsoon, 4.1 times greater during post-monsoon and 2.5 times greater during monsoon than during summer （P〈0.01 in all cases）. Similarly, total organic carbon was 5.9 times greater during pre-monsoon, 3.1 times greater during post-monsoon and 69% greater during monsoon than during summer. In general, higher levels of sediment carbon were recorded during pre and post-monsoon seasons than during other seasons. Total carbon concentration was correlated negatively to temperature, sand and phosphorus （P 〈0.01）; positively correlated with redox potential, silt, clay, C/N ratio, potassium （P 〈0.01） and nitrogen （P〈0.05）; but not correlated with soil depth, pH or salinity. This work revealed that the carbon burial was rapid at the annual rate of 2.8% for total carbon, and 6.7% for total organic carbon in mangrove-planted sediment. Cleating of mangroves can result in significantly and rapidly reduced carbon stores.Our study highlights the importance of natural and plantation mangrove stands for conserving sediment carbon in the tropical coastal domain.
文摘Man-made environments such as tropical hydroelectric reservoirs alter the preexisting carbon (C) cycle and remove C from circulation through burial in sediments. Carbon burial (CB) was measured using the silica-tracer method during four field surveys in the less than six-year-old Belo Monte tropical reservoir. Fresh C sedimentation was also measured. Belo Monte’s CB median rate 276 (n = 84;min 0;max 352,625 mg C·m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup>) is within the range (230 to 436 mg C<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup>) of CB rates measured further downstream at the Xingu Ria and higher than the averaged over 50 years oceanic rate 244 mg C<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup> estimated for an increasingly deoxygenated ocean. Carbon burial median rates of tropical reservoirs with similar age and trophic state correlate inversely with latitude at a rate of 17.5 mg C<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>m<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>2</sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">·</span>d<sup><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span>1</sup> per degree. Carbon burial efficiency of these reservoirs correlates positively with latitude at a ratio of 0.22% per degree.
基金funded by the Top 10 key scientific and technological projects of CHN Energy in 2021 entitled Research and Demonstration of Technology for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Energy Recycling Utilization(GJNYKJ[2021]No.128,No.:GJNY-21-51)the Carbon Neutrality College(Yulin)Northwest University project entitled Design and research of large-scale CCUS cluster construction in Yulin area,Shaanxi Province(YL2022-38-01).
文摘The well-developed coal electricity generation and coal chemical industries have led to huge carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the northeastern Ordos Basin.The geological storage of CO_(2) in saline aquifers is an effective backup way to achieve carbon neutrality.In this case,the potential of saline aquifers for CO_(2) storage serves as a critical basis for subsequent geological storage project.This study calculated the technical control capacities of CO_(2) of the saline aquifers in the fifth member of the Shiqianfeng Formation(the Qian-5 member)based on the statistical analysis of the logging and the drilling and core data from more than 200 wells in the northeastern Ordos Basin,as well as the sedimentary facies,formation lithology,and saline aquifer development patterns of the Qian-5 member.The results show that(1)the reservoirs of saline aquifers in the Qian-5 member,which comprise distributary channel sand bodies of deltaic plains,feature low porosities and permeabilities;(2)The study area hosts three NNE-directed saline aquifer zones,where saline aquifers generally have a single-layer thickness of 3‒8 m and a cumulative thickness of 8‒24 m;(3)The saline aquifers of the Qian-5 member have a total technical control capacity of CO_(2) of 119.25×10^(6) t.With the largest scale and the highest technical control capacity(accounting for 61%of the total technical control capacity),the Jinjie-Yulin saline aquifer zone is an important prospect area for the geological storage of CO_(2) in the saline aquifers of the Qian-5 member in the study area.
基金The National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China under contract No.2010CB428902the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences under contract No.2014A01YY01the Management of Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund under contract No.20603022013003
文摘In this study, we assessed the burial fluxes and source appointment of different forms of carbon in core sediments collected from culture areas in the Sanggou Bay, and preliminarily analyzed the reasons for the greater proportion of inorganic carbon burial fluxes （BFTIc）. The average content of total carbon （TC） in the Sanggou Bay was 2.14%. Total organic carbon （TOC） accounted for a small proportion in TC, more than 65% of which derived from terrigenous organic carbon （Ct）, and while the proportion of marine-derived organic carbon （Ca） increased significantly since the beginning of large-scale aquaculture. Total inorganic carbon （TIC） accounted for 60%-75% of TC, an average of which was 60%, with a maximum up to 90% during flourishing periods （1880-1948） of small natural shellfish derived from seashells inorganic carbon （SheU-IC）. The TC burial fluxes ranged from 31 g/（m2.a） to 895 g/（m2.a） with an average of 227 g/（m2.a）, which was dominated by TIC （about 70%）. Shell-IC was the main source of TIC and even TC. As the main food of natural shellfish, biogenic silica （BSi） negatively correlated with BFTIc through affecting shellfish breeding. BFTIc of Sta. S1, influenced greatly by the Yellow Sea Coastal Current, had a certain response to Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） in some specific periods.
文摘Organic carbon （OC）, total nitrogen （TN）, and ^210Pb in core sediment were measured to quantify the burial of organic carbon and the relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous contributions during the past one hundred years in Jiaozhou Bay, North China. The core sediment was dated using ^210Pb chronology, which is the most promising method for estimation of sedimentation rate on a time scale of 100-150 years. The variation of the burial flux of organic carbon in the past one hundred years can be divided into the following three stages： （1） relatively steady before 1980s; （2） increasing rapidly from the 1980s to a peak in the 1990s, and （3） decreasing from the 1990s to the present. The change is consistent with the amount of solid waste and sewage emptied into the bay. The OC：TN ratio was used to evaluate the source of organic carbon in the Jiaozhou Bay sediment. In the inner bay and bay mouth, the organic carbon was the main contributor from terrestrial sources, whereas only about half of organic carbon was contributed from terrestrial source in the outer bay. In the inner bay, the terrestrial source of organic carbon showed a steady change with an increase in the range of 69%-77% before 1990 to 93% in 2000, and then decreased from 2000 because of the decrease in the terrestrial input. In the bay mouth, the percentage of organic carbon from land reached the highest value with 94% in 1994. In the outer bay, the sediment source maintained steady for the past one hundred years.
基金The National Key Basic Research Program of China under contract No.2010CB428902the United Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shandong Province under contract No.U1406403the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business of Central Public Research Institutes under contrast No.20603022013003
文摘Long-term changes of composition, sources and burial fluxes of TOC （total organic carbon） in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area and their possible affecting factors are discussed in this paper. Firstly, similarity analysis is employed to confirm that the carbon burial features resulted from two collected cores are typical in the central Yellow Sea mud area where YSWC （Yellow Sea Warm Current） is prevalent. On this basis, the burial flux of TOC here was considered to be 235.5-488.4 pmol/（cm^2.a） since the first industrial revolution, accounting for about 70%-90% among burial fluxes of TC （total carbon） in the sediments. Compared TOC/TC ratio in the two cores with that in other marine sediments worldwide, we suggest that the growth of calcareous/non-calcareous organisms and dissolution of IC （inorganic carbon） are important factors controlling the TOC/TC ratio in sediment. Results of two-end mixed model based on fi13C data indicate that marine-derived organic carbon （OCa） is the main part among total burial organic carbon which accounts for a ratio over 85%. Due to the high TOC/TC ratio in the two cores, TC in the sediments also mainly exists as OCa, and the proportion of OCa is about 60%-80%. Away from the shore and relatively high primary production in upper waters are the main reasons that OCa is predominant among all burial OC in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area. Burial of OC in this mud area is probably mainly influenced by the human activities. Although the economic development during the late 19th century caused by the first industrial revolution in China did not obviously increase the TOC burial fluxes in the sediments, the rise of industry and agriculture after the founding of new China has clearly increased the TOC burial flux since 1950s. Otherwise, we also realize that among TC burial fluxes, TIC account for about 10%-30% in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area, so its burial could not be simply ignored here. Distinct from TOC burial, long-term TIC burial fluxes variations relate with climate changes more closely： the East Asian summer monsoon may influence the strength of the Huanghe River （Yellow River） flood, which could further affect the transport of terrestrial IC from land to the central Yellow Sea as well as the burial of these IC in the sediments.
基金supported by the SINOPEC project (G0800-06-ZS-319)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40673020 and 90714010)
文摘The redox sensitive elements, molybdenum （Mo） and uranium （U）, in marine sediments from the latest Permian Dalong （大隆） Formation at the Shangsi （上寺） Section, Northeast Sichnan （四川）, South China, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） to determine their response to a range of redox conditions, and to estimate the organic carbon burial rate. On the basis of the correlation between anthigenic Mo abundance and organic carbon content in modern oceans, the organic carbon burial rates were calculated for the rocks at Dalong Formation, ranging from 0.48-125.83 mmol/（m^2.d）, which shows a larger range than the mineralization rate of organic carbon at the continental margins （1.6-4.23 mmol/（m^2-d））. The Zr-normalized Mo and U abundances show large fluctuations in the entire section. The maxima of Zr-normalized Mo abundance and thus the maxima of the organic carbon burial rates were observed at the interval between the 155th and 156th beds （404-407 m above the base of Middle Permian）. A decrease （the minimum） in U/Mo ratios is present in this interval. It is speculated that the oxygen-limited conditions and ultimately anoxia or euxinia may develop within this depth interval. In contrast, an enhanced enrichment of Zr-normalized U abundance is found, in association with less enrichment in Zr-normalized Mo abundance in the interval from the 151st to 154th beds （395-404 m above the base of Middle Permian）, inferring the dominance of a suboxic/anoxic depositional condition （denitrifying condition）, or without free H2S. The presence of small quantities of dissolved oxygen may have caused the solubilization and loss of Mo from sediments. It is proposed that the multiple cycles of abrupt oxidation and reduction due to the upwelling at this interval lead to the enhanced accumulation of authigenic U, but less enrichment of Mo. A decrease in the contents of U, Mo, and TOC is found above the 157th bed （407 m above the base of Middle Permian）, in association with the enhanced U/Mo ratio, suggesting the overall oxic conditions at the end of the Dalong Formation.
文摘【目的】河流筑坝对有机碳具有重要的拦截作用,影响内陆水体碳循环。目前,河道型水库沉积物有机碳空间分布特征和自生有机碳埋藏通量仍不明确。【方法】采用沉积物柱芯法、沉积物物理化学参数和碳同位素二元混合模型,对河道型水库(银盘水库)沉积物有机碳埋藏开展了调研。【结果】结果显示:银盘水库沉积物有机碳含量变化范围为0.99%~1.32%,库中和坝前沉积柱有机碳含量均值分别为1.12%和1.16%;内源有机碳与总磷呈现显著正相关;有机碳埋藏速率变化范围为98.7~348.9 g C·m^(-2)·a^(-1),平均值为223.8 g C·m^(-2)·a^(-1),有机碳埋藏通量和内源有机碳埋藏通量分别为2.5×10^(9)g C·a^(-1)和1.8×10^(9)g C·a^(-1);内源有机碳对沉积物总有机碳的贡献比例为69.0%~75.2%,平均值为71.5%。【结论】结果表明:河道型水库沉积柱有机碳含量从库中到坝前没有明显变化;水库内源有机质的生成与营养盐输入和水体滞留时间密切相关;银盘水库有机碳埋藏通量相当于全球水库有机碳埋藏通量的0.04‰,河道型水库是个重要的潜在碳汇。研究结果能够为河道型水库碳埋藏研究和水电清洁型评估提供参考依据。
基金funded by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Strategic Priority Research Program (Grant No. XDA05120404)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB955903)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (No. SKLLQG1406)the Western Light Talent Culture Project of CAS
文摘Carbon burial in lake sediments is an important component of the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about the magnitude of carbon sequestered in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region of China(ASAC).In this study, we estimate both organic and inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800 based on nine lakes in ASAC,and discuss the most plausible factors controlling carbon burial. Our estimates show that the annual organic carbon burial rate(OCBR) ranges from 5.3 to 129.8 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 49.9 g cm-2year-1), leading to a standing stock of 1.1–24.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.6 kg cm-2)and a regional sum of *108 Tg organic carbon sequestered since *AD 1800. The annual inorganic carbon burial rate(ICBR) ranges from 11.4 to 124.0 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 48.3 g cm-2year-1), which is slightly lower than OCBR. The inorganic carbon standing stock ranges from2.4 to 26.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.1 kg cm-2),resulting in a sum of *101 Tg regional inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800, which is slightly lower than the organic carbon sequestration. OCBR in ASAC shows a continuously increasing trend since *AD 1950, which is possibly due to the high autochthonous and allochthonous primary production and subsequently high sedimentation rate in the lakes. This increasing carbon burial is possibly related to both climatic changes and enhanced anthropogenic activities, such as land use change, deforestation, and eutrophication in the lake. Furthermore, OCBR and ICBR are expected to continuously increase under the scenario of increasing precipitation and runoff and enhanced anthropogenic activities.The results of this research show that the buried carbon in lake sediments of the ASAC region constitutes a significant and large carbon pool, which should be considered and integrated into the global carbon cycle.
