Relationship between the activity for photocatalytic H_(2)O overall splitting(HOS)and the electron occupancy on d orbits of the active component in photocatalysts shows volcanic diagram,and specially the d^(10)electro...Relationship between the activity for photocatalytic H_(2)O overall splitting(HOS)and the electron occupancy on d orbits of the active component in photocatalysts shows volcanic diagram,and specially the d^(10)electronic configuration in valley bottom exhibits inert activity,which seriously fetters the development of catalytic materials with great potentials.Herein,In d^(10)electronic configuration of In_(2)O_(3)was activated by phosphorus atoms replacing its lattice oxygen to regulate the collocation of the ascended In 5p-band(Inɛ5p)and descended O 2p-band(Oɛ2p)centers as efficient active sites for chemisorption to*OH and*H during forward HOS,respectively,along with a declined In 4d-band center(Inɛ4d)to inhibit its backward reaction.A stable STH efficiency of 2.23%under AM 1.5 G irradiation at 65°C has been obtained over the activated d^(10)electronic configuration with a lowered activation energy for H_(2)evolution,verified by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and theoretical calculations of dynamics.These findings devote to activating d^(10)electronic configuration for resolving the reaction energy barrier and dynamical bottleneck of forward HOS,which expands the exploration of high-efficiency catalytic materials.展开更多
Frame and rocking wall(FRW)structures have excellent resilient performance during earthquakes.However,the concrete at interfacial corners of rocking walls(RWs)is easily crushed due to local extreme compression during ...Frame and rocking wall(FRW)structures have excellent resilient performance during earthquakes.However,the concrete at interfacial corners of rocking walls(RWs)is easily crushed due to local extreme compression during the rocking process.An innovative RW with a curved interface is proposed to prevent interfacial corners from producing local damage,enhancing its earthquake resilient performance(ERP).The precast wall panel with a curved interface is assembled into an integral self-centering hybrid rocking wall(SCRW)by two post-tensioned unbonded prestressed tendons.Moreover,two ordinary energy dissipation steel rebars and two shear reinforcements are arranged to increase the energy dissipation capacity and lateral resistance.Two SCRW specimens and one monolithic reinforced concrete(RC)shear wall(SW)were tested under pseudo-static loading to compare the ERPs of the proposed SCRW and the SW,focusing on studying the effect of the curved interface on the SCRW.The key resilient performance of rocking effects,failure modes,and hysteretic properties of the SCRW were explored.The results show that nonlinear deformations of the SCRW are concentrated along the interface between the SCRW and the foundation,avoiding damage within the SCRW.The restoring force provided by the prestressed tendons can effectively realize self-centering capacity with small residual deformation,and the resilient performance of the SCRW is better than that of monolithic SW.In addition,the curved interface of the SCRW makes the rocking center change and move inward,partially relieving the stress concentration and crush of concrete.The rocking range of the rocking center is about 41.4%of the width of the SCRW.展开更多
Tuning the coordination atoms of central metal is an effective means to improve the electrocatalytic activity of atomic catalysts.Herein,iridium(Ir) is proposed to be asymmetrically anchored by sp-N and pyridinic N of...Tuning the coordination atoms of central metal is an effective means to improve the electrocatalytic activity of atomic catalysts.Herein,iridium(Ir) is proposed to be asymmetrically anchored by sp-N and pyridinic N of hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne(HsGDY),and coordinated with OH as an Ir atomic catalyst(Ir_(1)-N-HsGDY).The electron structures,especially the d-band center of Ir atom,are optimized by these specific coordination atoms.Thus,the as-synthesized Ir_(1)-N-HsGDY exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performances for oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions in both acidic and alkaline media.Benefiting from the unique structure of HsGDY,IrN_(2)(OH)_(3) has been developed and demonstrated to act as the active site in these electrochemical reactions.All those indicate the fresh role of the sp-N in graphdiyne in producing a new anchor way and contributing to promote the electrocatalytic activity,showing a new strategy to design novel electrochemical catalysts.展开更多
Phosphate removal is crucial for eutrophication control and water quality improvement.Electro-assisted adsorption,an eco-friendly elec-trosorption process,exhibited a promising potential for wastewater treatment.Howev...Phosphate removal is crucial for eutrophication control and water quality improvement.Electro-assisted adsorption,an eco-friendly elec-trosorption process,exhibited a promising potential for wastewater treatment.However,there are few works focused on phosphate electro-sorption,and reported electrodes cannot attach satisfactory removal capacities and rates.Herein,electro-assisted adsorption of phosphate via in-situ construction of La active centers on hierarchically porous carbon(LaPC)has been originally demonstrated.The resulted LaPC composite not only possessed a hierarchically porous structure with uniformly dispersed La active sites,but also provided good conductivity for interfacial electron transfer.The LaPC electrode achieved an ultrahigh phosphate electrosorption capability of 462.01 mg g^(-1) at 1 V,outperforming most existing electrodes.The superior phosphate removal performance originates from abundant active centers formed by the coupling of electricfield and capture sites.Besides,the stability and selectivity toward phosphate capture were maintained well even under comprehensive conditions.Moreover,a series of kinetics and isotherms models were employed to validate the electrosorption process.This work demonstrates a deep understanding and promotes a new level of phosphate electrosorption.展开更多
Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical neuroepithelium.One such signaling center is the cortical hem,...Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical neuroepithelium.One such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in mice.The cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)proteins.The cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).展开更多
A nanodiamond with an embedded nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center is one of the experimental systems that can be coherently manipulated within current technologies.Entanglement between NV center electron spin and mechanical r...A nanodiamond with an embedded nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center is one of the experimental systems that can be coherently manipulated within current technologies.Entanglement between NV center electron spin and mechanical rotation of the nanodiamond plays a fundamental role in building a quantum network connecting these microscopic and mesoscopic degrees of motions.Here we present a protocol to asymptotically prepare a highly entangled state of the total quantum angular momentum and electron spin by adiabatically boosting the external magnetic field.展开更多
The traffic within data centers exhibits bursts and unpredictable patterns.This rapid growth in network traffic has two consequences:it surpasses the inherent capacity of the network’s link bandwidth and creates an i...The traffic within data centers exhibits bursts and unpredictable patterns.This rapid growth in network traffic has two consequences:it surpasses the inherent capacity of the network’s link bandwidth and creates an imbalanced network load.Consequently,persistent overload situations eventually result in network congestion.The Software Defined Network(SDN)technology is employed in data centers as a network architecture to enhance performance.This paper introduces an adaptive congestion control strategy,named DA-DCTCP,for SDN-based Data Centers.It incorporates Explicit Congestion Notification(ECN)and Round-Trip Time(RTT)to establish congestion awareness and an ECN marking model.To mitigate incorrect congestion caused by abrupt flows,an appropriate ECN marking is selected based on the queue length and its growth slope,and the congestion window(CWND)is adjusted by calculating RTT.Simultaneously,the marking threshold for queue length is continuously adapted using the current queue length of the switch as a parameter to accommodate changes in data centers.The evaluation conducted through Mininet simulations demonstrates that DA-DCTCP yields advantages in terms of throughput,flow completion time(FCT),latency,and resistance against packet loss.These benefits contribute to reducing data center congestion,enhancing the stability of data transmission,and improving throughput.展开更多
An integrated quantum probe for magnetic field imaging is proposed,where the nitrogen–vacancy(NV)center fixed at the fiber tip is located on the periphery of flexible ring resonator.Using flexible polyimide(PI)as the...An integrated quantum probe for magnetic field imaging is proposed,where the nitrogen–vacancy(NV)center fixed at the fiber tip is located on the periphery of flexible ring resonator.Using flexible polyimide(PI)as the substrate medium,we design a circular microstrip antenna,which can achieve a bandwidth of 140 MHz at Zeeman splitting frequency of 2.87 GHz,specifically suitable for NV center experiments.Subsequently,this antenna is seamlessly fixed at a three-dimensional-printed cylindrical support,allowing the optical fiber tip to extend out of a dedicated aperture.To mitigate errors originating from processing,precise tuning within a narrow range can be achieved by adjusting the conformal amplitude.Finally,we image the microwave magnetic field around the integrated probe with high resolution,and determine the suitable area for placing the fiber tip(SAP).展开更多
The 6th generation mobile networks(6G)network is a kind of multi-network interconnection and multi-scenario coexistence network,where multiple network domains break the original fixed boundaries to form connections an...The 6th generation mobile networks(6G)network is a kind of multi-network interconnection and multi-scenario coexistence network,where multiple network domains break the original fixed boundaries to form connections and convergence.In this paper,with the optimization objective of maximizing network utility while ensuring flows performance-centric weighted fairness,this paper designs a reinforcement learning-based cloud-edge autonomous multi-domain data center network architecture that achieves single-domain autonomy and multi-domain collaboration.Due to the conflict between the utility of different flows,the bandwidth fairness allocation problem for various types of flows is formulated by considering different defined reward functions.Regarding the tradeoff between fairness and utility,this paper deals with the corresponding reward functions for the cases where the flows undergo abrupt changes and smooth changes in the flows.In addition,to accommodate the Quality of Service(QoS)requirements for multiple types of flows,this paper proposes a multi-domain autonomous routing algorithm called LSTM+MADDPG.Introducing a Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)layer in the actor and critic networks,more information about temporal continuity is added,further enhancing the adaptive ability changes in the dynamic network environment.The LSTM+MADDPG algorithm is compared with the latest reinforcement learning algorithm by conducting experiments on real network topology and traffic traces,and the experimental results show that LSTM+MADDPG improves the delay convergence speed by 14.6%and delays the start moment of packet loss by 18.2%compared with other algorithms.展开更多
Since the D-band center theory was proposed,it has been widely used in the fields of surface chemistry by almost all researchers,due to its easy understanding,convenient operation and relative accuracy.However,with th...Since the D-band center theory was proposed,it has been widely used in the fields of surface chemistry by almost all researchers,due to its easy understanding,convenient operation and relative accuracy.However,with the continuous development of material systems and modification strategies,researchers have gradually found that D-band center theory is usually effective for large metal particle systems,but for small metal particle systems or semiconductors,such as single atom systems,the opposite conclusion to the D-band center theory is often obtained.To solve the issue above,here we propose a bonding and anti-bonding orbitals stable electron intensity difference(BASED)theory for surface chemistry.The newly-proposed BASED theory can not only successfully explain the abnormal phenomena of D-band center theory,but also exhibits a higher accuracy for prediction of adsorption energy and bond length of intermediates on active sites.Importantly,a new phenomenon of the spin transition state in the adsorption process is observed based on the BASED theory,where the active center atom usually yields an unstable high spin transition state to enhance its adsorption capability in the adsorption process of intermediates when their distance is about 2.5Å.In short,the BASED theory can be considered as a general principle to understand catalytic mechanism of intermediates on surfaces.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the application value of a refined quality control management model for a sterilization supply center.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the work situation of the sterilization sup...Objective:To evaluate the application value of a refined quality control management model for a sterilization supply center.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the work situation of the sterilization supply center from January 2021 to January 2023.The work situation before January 31,2022,was classified as the control group;a routine quality control management model was implemented,and the work situation after January 31,2022,was classified as the observation group.The quality of medical device management and department satisfaction between the two groups were compared.Results:The timely recovery and supply rate,classification and cleaning pass rate,disinfection pass rate,packaging pass rate,sterilization pass rate,and department satisfaction score in the observation group were all higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing a refined quality control management model in the sterilization supply center can improve the quality management level of medical devices and department satisfaction and is worthy of promotion.展开更多
Entanglement in macroscopic systems,as a fundamental quantum resource,has been utilized to propel the advancement of quantum technology and probe the boundary between the quantum and classical realms.This study focuse...Entanglement in macroscopic systems,as a fundamental quantum resource,has been utilized to propel the advancement of quantum technology and probe the boundary between the quantum and classical realms.This study focuses on a unique hybrid quantum system comprising of an ensemble of silicon vacancy(SiV)centers coupled to phononic waveguides in diamond via strain interactions.By employing two sets of time-dependent,non-overlapping driving fields,we investigate the generation process and dynamic properties of macroscopic quantum entanglement,providing fresh insights into the behavior of such hybrid quantum systems.Furthermore,it paves the way for new possibilities in utilizing quantum entanglement as an information carrier in quantum information processing and quantum communication.展开更多
Cloud Datacenter Network(CDN)providers usually have the option to scale their network structures to allow for far more resource capacities,though such scaling options may come with exponential costs that contradict th...Cloud Datacenter Network(CDN)providers usually have the option to scale their network structures to allow for far more resource capacities,though such scaling options may come with exponential costs that contradict their utility objectives.Yet,besides the cost of the physical assets and network resources,such scaling may also imposemore loads on the electricity power grids to feed the added nodes with the required energy to run and cool,which comes with extra costs too.Thus,those CDNproviders who utilize their resources better can certainly afford their services at lower price-units when compared to others who simply choose the scaling solutions.Resource utilization is a quite challenging process;indeed,clients of CDNs usually tend to exaggerate their true resource requirements when they lease their resources.Service providers are committed to their clients with Service Level Agreements(SLAs).Therefore,any amendment to the resource allocations needs to be approved by the clients first.In this work,we propose deploying a Stackelberg leadership framework to formulate a negotiation game between the cloud service providers and their client tenants.Through this,the providers seek to retrieve those leased unused resources from their clients.Cooperation is not expected from the clients,and they may ask high price units to return their extra resources to the provider’s premises.Hence,to motivate cooperation in such a non-cooperative game,as an extension to theVickery auctions,we developed an incentive-compatible pricingmodel for the returned resources.Moreover,we also proposed building a behavior belief function that shapes the way of negotiation and compensation for each client.Compared to other benchmark models,the assessment results showthat our proposed models provide for timely negotiation schemes,allowing for better resource utilization rates,higher utilities,and grid-friend CDNs.展开更多
The classical Pauli particle(CPP) serves as a slow manifold, substituting the conventional guiding center dynamics. Based on the CPP, we utilize the averaged vector field(AVF) method in the computations of drift orbit...The classical Pauli particle(CPP) serves as a slow manifold, substituting the conventional guiding center dynamics. Based on the CPP, we utilize the averaged vector field(AVF) method in the computations of drift orbits. Demonstrating significantly higher efficiency, this advanced method is capable of accomplishing the simulation in less than one-third of the time of directly computing the guiding center motion. In contrast to the CPP-based Boris algorithm, this approach inherits the advantages of the AVF method, yielding stable trajectories even achieved with a tenfold time step and reducing the energy error by two orders of magnitude. By comparing these two CPP algorithms with the traditional RK4 method, the numerical results indicate a remarkable performance in terms of both the computational efficiency and error elimination. Moreover, we verify the properties of slow manifold integrators and successfully observe the bounce on both sides of the limiting slow manifold with deliberately chosen perturbed initial conditions. To evaluate the practical value of the methods, we conduct simulations in non-axisymmetric perturbation magnetic fields as part of the experiments,demonstrating that our CPP-based AVF method can handle simulations under complex magnetic field configurations with high accuracy, which the CPP-based Boris algorithm lacks. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate that the CPP can replace guiding center dynamics in using energy-preserving algorithms for computations, providing a new, efficient, as well as stable approach for applying structure-preserving algorithms in plasma simulations.展开更多
When the amphibious vehicle navigates in water,the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity greatly influence the navigation characteristics.In the relevant research on reducing the navig...When the amphibious vehicle navigates in water,the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity greatly influence the navigation characteristics.In the relevant research on reducing the navigation resistance of amphibious vehicles by adjusting the angle of the anti-wave plate,there is a lack of scientific selection of parameters and reasonable research of simulation results by using mathematical methods,and the influence of the center of gravity position on navigation characteristics is not considered at the same time.To study the influence of the combinations of the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity on the resistance reduction characteristics,a numerical calculation model of the amphibious unmanned vehicle was established by using the theory of computational fluid dynamics,and the experimental data verified the correctness of the numerical model.Based on this numerical model,the navigation characteristics of the amphibious unmanned vehicle were studied when the center of gravity was located at different positions,and the orthogonal experimental design method was used to optimize the parameters of the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity.The results show that through the parameter optimization analysis based on the orthogonal experimental method,the combination of the optimal angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity is obtained.And the numerical simulation result of resistance is consistent with the predicted optimal solution.Compared with the maximum navigational resistance,the parameter optimization reduces the navigational resistance of the amphibious unmanned vehicle by 24%.展开更多
Nitrogen vacancy(NV)color centers in diamond have useful applications in quantum sensing andfluorescent marking.They can be gen-erated experimentally by ion implantation,femtosecond lasers,and chemical vapor deposition...Nitrogen vacancy(NV)color centers in diamond have useful applications in quantum sensing andfluorescent marking.They can be gen-erated experimentally by ion implantation,femtosecond lasers,and chemical vapor deposition.However,there is a lack of studies of the yield of NV color centers at the atomic scale.In the molecular dynamics simulations described in this paper,NV color centers are pre-pared by ion implantation in diamond with pre-doped nitrogen and subsequent annealing.The differences between the yields of NV color centers produced by implantation of carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)ions,respectively,are investigated.It is found that C-ion implantation gives a greater yield of NV color centers and superior location accuracy.The effects of different pre-doping concentrations(400–1500 ppm)and implantation energies(1.0–3.0 keV)on the NV color center yield are analyzed,and it is shown that a pre-doping concentra-tion of 1000 ppm with 2 keV C-ion implantation can produce a 13%yield of NV color centers after 1600 K annealing for 7.4 ns.Finally,a brief comparison of the NV color center identification methods is presented,and it is found that the error rate of an analysis utiliz-ing the identify diamond structure coordination analysis method is reduced by about 7%compared with conventional identification+methods.展开更多
To the Editor:We read with great interest the article by Schulze et al.entitled“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”[1].It is the first single-cent...To the Editor:We read with great interest the article by Schulze et al.entitled“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”[1].It is the first single-center report including over 500 fully robotic donor hepatectomies.For the donors,the overall complication rate was 6.4%(n=32).Postoperative self-limiting bleeding(0.4%)and bile leakage from the resection plane(1.8%)were rare.展开更多
BACKGROUND The continuous development of social and economic progress and ongoing enhancement of infrastructure construction has led to drastic changes in the occurrence of trauma.AIM To analyze the epidemiological ch...BACKGROUND The continuous development of social and economic progress and ongoing enhancement of infrastructure construction has led to drastic changes in the occurrence of trauma.AIM To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of trauma in Lanzhou City to provide theoretical references for improving quality of trauma care.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 16585 trauma patients treated at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University Trauma Center from November 1,2021 to October 31,2023 was conducted.Data including age,sex,time of trauma,cause of trauma,and major injured body parts were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 18235 patients were admitted,with complete data for 16585 cases.Of these,9793 were male and 6792 were female(male-to-female ratio of 1.44:1).The peak times for trauma occurrence were 10 AM-12 PM and 6-10 PM,and the peak months were from May to October.The leading causes of trauma were falls(45.32%),other trauma(15.88%),road traffic accidents(15.15%),violence(10.82%),cutting/stabbing(9.41%),mechanical injuries(2.65%),winter sports injuries(0.36%),animal bites(0.22%),burns(0.09%),and electrical injuries(0.02%).The distribution of majorly injured body parts showed statistical significance,with limbs/skin being the most affected followed by the head/neck,chest/abdomen,and back.CONCLUSION Medical institutions and government agencies can implement preventive measures and policies based on the characteristics of trauma determined in this study to enhance the quality and level of trauma care.展开更多
Method: In Cameroon limited data are available regarding the prevalence of enteric bacteria associated with table egg consuming infections. As such, a situational-based study was performed in patients with complains o...Method: In Cameroon limited data are available regarding the prevalence of enteric bacteria associated with table egg consuming infections. As such, a situational-based study was performed in patients with complains of stomach disorders after egg consumption. Data related to sociodemographic characteristics and other factors were collected using a structured based questionnaire. Stool culture of utmost importance in stomach disorders patients and serum were collected for typhoid serological test. Results: A total of 207 participants took part in the survey, Results indicated nontyphoidal Salmonella infections were highest in the 3 areas of study with Mfoundi (73.44%) having the highest level of infection compared to other bacterial infection. other enteric bacteria associated to this infection were E. coli serotype 157, Aeromonas, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloaca and typhi salmonella. Meanwhile salmonelosis caused by typhic salmonella had highest prevalence in the Lekie Division (13.11%) as a result of poor hygienic practices associated with the conservation and preparation of eggs, Stool culture was observed to detect more positive cases in the diagnosis of typhoid fever than Widal test, but with no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference between the stool culture and Widal test in the 3 areas of study. Conclusion: this study revealed that egg consumers are pruned to enteric bacterial and salmonella infections depending on how and where egg is consumed.展开更多
Tartaric acid, oxalic acid, glucose, and fructose are highly important compounds. A comprehensive study of these substances is fascinating from a scientific perspective. They are key components found in wine, vegetabl...Tartaric acid, oxalic acid, glucose, and fructose are highly important compounds. A comprehensive study of these substances is fascinating from a scientific perspective. They are key components found in wine, vegetables, and fruits. Understanding the isotopic compositions in organic compounds is crucial for comprehending various biochemical processes and the nature of substances present in different natural products. Tartaric acid, oxalic acid, glucose, and fructose are widely distributed compounds, including in vegetables and fruits. Tartaric acid plays a significant role in determining the quality and taste properties of wine, while oxalic acid is also prevalent but holds great interest for further research, especially in terms of carbon isotopic composition. We can unveil the mechanisms of processes that were previously impossible to study. Glucose and fructose are the most common monosaccharides in the hexose group, and both are found in fruits, with sweeter fruits containing higher amounts of these substances. In addition to fruits, wheat, barley, rye, onions, garlic, lentils, peppers, dried fruits, beans, broccoli, cabbage, tomatoes, and other foods are also rich sources of fructose and glucose. To determine the mass fraction of the carbon-13 isotope in these compounds, it is important to study their changes during natural synthesis. These compounds can be modified with a carbon center. According to the existing isotopic analysis method, these compounds are converted into carbon oxide or dioxide [1]. At this point, the average carbon content in the given compound is determined, but information about isotope-modified centers is lost. Dilution may occur through the transfer of other carbon-containing organic compounds in the sample or by dilution with natural carbon or carbon dioxide during the transfer process. This article discusses the possibility of carbon-13 isotope propagation directly in these compounds, both completely modified and modified with individual carbon centers. The literature provides information on determining carbon-13 substance in organic compounds, both with a general approach and for individual compounds [2] [3].展开更多
文摘Relationship between the activity for photocatalytic H_(2)O overall splitting(HOS)and the electron occupancy on d orbits of the active component in photocatalysts shows volcanic diagram,and specially the d^(10)electronic configuration in valley bottom exhibits inert activity,which seriously fetters the development of catalytic materials with great potentials.Herein,In d^(10)electronic configuration of In_(2)O_(3)was activated by phosphorus atoms replacing its lattice oxygen to regulate the collocation of the ascended In 5p-band(Inɛ5p)and descended O 2p-band(Oɛ2p)centers as efficient active sites for chemisorption to*OH and*H during forward HOS,respectively,along with a declined In 4d-band center(Inɛ4d)to inhibit its backward reaction.A stable STH efficiency of 2.23%under AM 1.5 G irradiation at 65°C has been obtained over the activated d^(10)electronic configuration with a lowered activation energy for H_(2)evolution,verified by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and theoretical calculations of dynamics.These findings devote to activating d^(10)electronic configuration for resolving the reaction energy barrier and dynamical bottleneck of forward HOS,which expands the exploration of high-efficiency catalytic materials.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2018YFC0705602。
文摘Frame and rocking wall(FRW)structures have excellent resilient performance during earthquakes.However,the concrete at interfacial corners of rocking walls(RWs)is easily crushed due to local extreme compression during the rocking process.An innovative RW with a curved interface is proposed to prevent interfacial corners from producing local damage,enhancing its earthquake resilient performance(ERP).The precast wall panel with a curved interface is assembled into an integral self-centering hybrid rocking wall(SCRW)by two post-tensioned unbonded prestressed tendons.Moreover,two ordinary energy dissipation steel rebars and two shear reinforcements are arranged to increase the energy dissipation capacity and lateral resistance.Two SCRW specimens and one monolithic reinforced concrete(RC)shear wall(SW)were tested under pseudo-static loading to compare the ERPs of the proposed SCRW and the SW,focusing on studying the effect of the curved interface on the SCRW.The key resilient performance of rocking effects,failure modes,and hysteretic properties of the SCRW were explored.The results show that nonlinear deformations of the SCRW are concentrated along the interface between the SCRW and the foundation,avoiding damage within the SCRW.The restoring force provided by the prestressed tendons can effectively realize self-centering capacity with small residual deformation,and the resilient performance of the SCRW is better than that of monolithic SW.In addition,the curved interface of the SCRW makes the rocking center change and move inward,partially relieving the stress concentration and crush of concrete.The rocking range of the rocking center is about 41.4%of the width of the SCRW.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22172090,21790051)the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2022YFA1204500,2022YFA1204501)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shan-dong Province(ZR2021MB015)the Open Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry(SKLEAC202202)the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University。
文摘Tuning the coordination atoms of central metal is an effective means to improve the electrocatalytic activity of atomic catalysts.Herein,iridium(Ir) is proposed to be asymmetrically anchored by sp-N and pyridinic N of hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne(HsGDY),and coordinated with OH as an Ir atomic catalyst(Ir_(1)-N-HsGDY).The electron structures,especially the d-band center of Ir atom,are optimized by these specific coordination atoms.Thus,the as-synthesized Ir_(1)-N-HsGDY exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performances for oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions in both acidic and alkaline media.Benefiting from the unique structure of HsGDY,IrN_(2)(OH)_(3) has been developed and demonstrated to act as the active site in these electrochemical reactions.All those indicate the fresh role of the sp-N in graphdiyne in producing a new anchor way and contributing to promote the electrocatalytic activity,showing a new strategy to design novel electrochemical catalysts.
基金This work is financially supported by the National Science Foundation of Tianjin(17JCYBJC23300).
文摘Phosphate removal is crucial for eutrophication control and water quality improvement.Electro-assisted adsorption,an eco-friendly elec-trosorption process,exhibited a promising potential for wastewater treatment.However,there are few works focused on phosphate electro-sorption,and reported electrodes cannot attach satisfactory removal capacities and rates.Herein,electro-assisted adsorption of phosphate via in-situ construction of La active centers on hierarchically porous carbon(LaPC)has been originally demonstrated.The resulted LaPC composite not only possessed a hierarchically porous structure with uniformly dispersed La active sites,but also provided good conductivity for interfacial electron transfer.The LaPC electrode achieved an ultrahigh phosphate electrosorption capability of 462.01 mg g^(-1) at 1 V,outperforming most existing electrodes.The superior phosphate removal performance originates from abundant active centers formed by the coupling of electricfield and capture sites.Besides,the stability and selectivity toward phosphate capture were maintained well even under comprehensive conditions.Moreover,a series of kinetics and isotherms models were employed to validate the electrosorption process.This work demonstrates a deep understanding and promotes a new level of phosphate electrosorption.
基金supported by R01 NS093009 grant from NIH(to VVC).
文摘Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical neuroepithelium.One such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in mice.The cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)proteins.The cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA0718302 and 2021YFA1402104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12075310)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB28000000).
文摘A nanodiamond with an embedded nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center is one of the experimental systems that can be coherently manipulated within current technologies.Entanglement between NV center electron spin and mechanical rotation of the nanodiamond plays a fundamental role in building a quantum network connecting these microscopic and mesoscopic degrees of motions.Here we present a protocol to asymptotically prepare a highly entangled state of the total quantum angular momentum and electron spin by adiabatically boosting the external magnetic field.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB2700800)the GHfund B(No.202302024490).
文摘The traffic within data centers exhibits bursts and unpredictable patterns.This rapid growth in network traffic has two consequences:it surpasses the inherent capacity of the network’s link bandwidth and creates an imbalanced network load.Consequently,persistent overload situations eventually result in network congestion.The Software Defined Network(SDN)technology is employed in data centers as a network architecture to enhance performance.This paper introduces an adaptive congestion control strategy,named DA-DCTCP,for SDN-based Data Centers.It incorporates Explicit Congestion Notification(ECN)and Round-Trip Time(RTT)to establish congestion awareness and an ECN marking model.To mitigate incorrect congestion caused by abrupt flows,an appropriate ECN marking is selected based on the queue length and its growth slope,and the congestion window(CWND)is adjusted by calculating RTT.Simultaneously,the marking threshold for queue length is continuously adapted using the current queue length of the switch as a parameter to accommodate changes in data centers.The evaluation conducted through Mininet simulations demonstrates that DA-DCTCP yields advantages in terms of throughput,flow completion time(FCT),latency,and resistance against packet loss.These benefits contribute to reducing data center congestion,enhancing the stability of data transmission,and improving throughput.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB2012600)the Science and Technology Plan Project of State Administration of Market Regulation,China(Grant No.2021MK039)。
文摘An integrated quantum probe for magnetic field imaging is proposed,where the nitrogen–vacancy(NV)center fixed at the fiber tip is located on the periphery of flexible ring resonator.Using flexible polyimide(PI)as the substrate medium,we design a circular microstrip antenna,which can achieve a bandwidth of 140 MHz at Zeeman splitting frequency of 2.87 GHz,specifically suitable for NV center experiments.Subsequently,this antenna is seamlessly fixed at a three-dimensional-printed cylindrical support,allowing the optical fiber tip to extend out of a dedicated aperture.To mitigate errors originating from processing,precise tuning within a narrow range can be achieved by adjusting the conformal amplitude.Finally,we image the microwave magnetic field around the integrated probe with high resolution,and determine the suitable area for placing the fiber tip(SAP).
文摘The 6th generation mobile networks(6G)network is a kind of multi-network interconnection and multi-scenario coexistence network,where multiple network domains break the original fixed boundaries to form connections and convergence.In this paper,with the optimization objective of maximizing network utility while ensuring flows performance-centric weighted fairness,this paper designs a reinforcement learning-based cloud-edge autonomous multi-domain data center network architecture that achieves single-domain autonomy and multi-domain collaboration.Due to the conflict between the utility of different flows,the bandwidth fairness allocation problem for various types of flows is formulated by considering different defined reward functions.Regarding the tradeoff between fairness and utility,this paper deals with the corresponding reward functions for the cases where the flows undergo abrupt changes and smooth changes in the flows.In addition,to accommodate the Quality of Service(QoS)requirements for multiple types of flows,this paper proposes a multi-domain autonomous routing algorithm called LSTM+MADDPG.Introducing a Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)layer in the actor and critic networks,more information about temporal continuity is added,further enhancing the adaptive ability changes in the dynamic network environment.The LSTM+MADDPG algorithm is compared with the latest reinforcement learning algorithm by conducting experiments on real network topology and traffic traces,and the experimental results show that LSTM+MADDPG improves the delay convergence speed by 14.6%and delays the start moment of packet loss by 18.2%compared with other algorithms.
文摘Since the D-band center theory was proposed,it has been widely used in the fields of surface chemistry by almost all researchers,due to its easy understanding,convenient operation and relative accuracy.However,with the continuous development of material systems and modification strategies,researchers have gradually found that D-band center theory is usually effective for large metal particle systems,but for small metal particle systems or semiconductors,such as single atom systems,the opposite conclusion to the D-band center theory is often obtained.To solve the issue above,here we propose a bonding and anti-bonding orbitals stable electron intensity difference(BASED)theory for surface chemistry.The newly-proposed BASED theory can not only successfully explain the abnormal phenomena of D-band center theory,but also exhibits a higher accuracy for prediction of adsorption energy and bond length of intermediates on active sites.Importantly,a new phenomenon of the spin transition state in the adsorption process is observed based on the BASED theory,where the active center atom usually yields an unstable high spin transition state to enhance its adsorption capability in the adsorption process of intermediates when their distance is about 2.5Å.In short,the BASED theory can be considered as a general principle to understand catalytic mechanism of intermediates on surfaces.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the application value of a refined quality control management model for a sterilization supply center.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the work situation of the sterilization supply center from January 2021 to January 2023.The work situation before January 31,2022,was classified as the control group;a routine quality control management model was implemented,and the work situation after January 31,2022,was classified as the observation group.The quality of medical device management and department satisfaction between the two groups were compared.Results:The timely recovery and supply rate,classification and cleaning pass rate,disinfection pass rate,packaging pass rate,sterilization pass rate,and department satisfaction score in the observation group were all higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing a refined quality control management model in the sterilization supply center can improve the quality management level of medical devices and department satisfaction and is worthy of promotion.
基金the National Natural Science Foundationof China (Grant No. 12265022)the Natural ScienceFoundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China(Grant No. 2021MS01012)the Inner Mongolia FundamentalResearch Funds for the Directly Affiliated Universities(Grant No. 2023RCTD014).
文摘Entanglement in macroscopic systems,as a fundamental quantum resource,has been utilized to propel the advancement of quantum technology and probe the boundary between the quantum and classical realms.This study focuses on a unique hybrid quantum system comprising of an ensemble of silicon vacancy(SiV)centers coupled to phononic waveguides in diamond via strain interactions.By employing two sets of time-dependent,non-overlapping driving fields,we investigate the generation process and dynamic properties of macroscopic quantum entanglement,providing fresh insights into the behavior of such hybrid quantum systems.Furthermore,it paves the way for new possibilities in utilizing quantum entanglement as an information carrier in quantum information processing and quantum communication.
基金The Deanship of Scientific Research at Hashemite University partially funds this workDeanship of Scientific Research at the Northern Border University,Arar,KSA for funding this research work through the project number“NBU-FFR-2024-1580-08”.
文摘Cloud Datacenter Network(CDN)providers usually have the option to scale their network structures to allow for far more resource capacities,though such scaling options may come with exponential costs that contradict their utility objectives.Yet,besides the cost of the physical assets and network resources,such scaling may also imposemore loads on the electricity power grids to feed the added nodes with the required energy to run and cool,which comes with extra costs too.Thus,those CDNproviders who utilize their resources better can certainly afford their services at lower price-units when compared to others who simply choose the scaling solutions.Resource utilization is a quite challenging process;indeed,clients of CDNs usually tend to exaggerate their true resource requirements when they lease their resources.Service providers are committed to their clients with Service Level Agreements(SLAs).Therefore,any amendment to the resource allocations needs to be approved by the clients first.In this work,we propose deploying a Stackelberg leadership framework to formulate a negotiation game between the cloud service providers and their client tenants.Through this,the providers seek to retrieve those leased unused resources from their clients.Cooperation is not expected from the clients,and they may ask high price units to return their extra resources to the provider’s premises.Hence,to motivate cooperation in such a non-cooperative game,as an extension to theVickery auctions,we developed an incentive-compatible pricingmodel for the returned resources.Moreover,we also proposed building a behavior belief function that shapes the way of negotiation and compensation for each client.Compared to other benchmark models,the assessment results showthat our proposed models provide for timely negotiation schemes,allowing for better resource utilization rates,higher utilities,and grid-friend CDNs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11975068 and 11925501)the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFE03090000)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. DUT22ZD215)。
文摘The classical Pauli particle(CPP) serves as a slow manifold, substituting the conventional guiding center dynamics. Based on the CPP, we utilize the averaged vector field(AVF) method in the computations of drift orbits. Demonstrating significantly higher efficiency, this advanced method is capable of accomplishing the simulation in less than one-third of the time of directly computing the guiding center motion. In contrast to the CPP-based Boris algorithm, this approach inherits the advantages of the AVF method, yielding stable trajectories even achieved with a tenfold time step and reducing the energy error by two orders of magnitude. By comparing these two CPP algorithms with the traditional RK4 method, the numerical results indicate a remarkable performance in terms of both the computational efficiency and error elimination. Moreover, we verify the properties of slow manifold integrators and successfully observe the bounce on both sides of the limiting slow manifold with deliberately chosen perturbed initial conditions. To evaluate the practical value of the methods, we conduct simulations in non-axisymmetric perturbation magnetic fields as part of the experiments,demonstrating that our CPP-based AVF method can handle simulations under complex magnetic field configurations with high accuracy, which the CPP-based Boris algorithm lacks. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate that the CPP can replace guiding center dynamics in using energy-preserving algorithms for computations, providing a new, efficient, as well as stable approach for applying structure-preserving algorithms in plasma simulations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52174154).
文摘When the amphibious vehicle navigates in water,the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity greatly influence the navigation characteristics.In the relevant research on reducing the navigation resistance of amphibious vehicles by adjusting the angle of the anti-wave plate,there is a lack of scientific selection of parameters and reasonable research of simulation results by using mathematical methods,and the influence of the center of gravity position on navigation characteristics is not considered at the same time.To study the influence of the combinations of the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity on the resistance reduction characteristics,a numerical calculation model of the amphibious unmanned vehicle was established by using the theory of computational fluid dynamics,and the experimental data verified the correctness of the numerical model.Based on this numerical model,the navigation characteristics of the amphibious unmanned vehicle were studied when the center of gravity was located at different positions,and the orthogonal experimental design method was used to optimize the parameters of the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity.The results show that through the parameter optimization analysis based on the orthogonal experimental method,the combination of the optimal angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity is obtained.And the numerical simulation result of resistance is consistent with the predicted optimal solution.Compared with the maximum navigational resistance,the parameter optimization reduces the navigational resistance of the amphibious unmanned vehicle by 24%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52035009 and 51761135106)the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments(Pilt1705)+1 种基金the Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Integration for Superhard Materials(JDKJ2022-01)the“111”project by the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs and the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.B07014).
文摘Nitrogen vacancy(NV)color centers in diamond have useful applications in quantum sensing andfluorescent marking.They can be gen-erated experimentally by ion implantation,femtosecond lasers,and chemical vapor deposition.However,there is a lack of studies of the yield of NV color centers at the atomic scale.In the molecular dynamics simulations described in this paper,NV color centers are pre-pared by ion implantation in diamond with pre-doped nitrogen and subsequent annealing.The differences between the yields of NV color centers produced by implantation of carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)ions,respectively,are investigated.It is found that C-ion implantation gives a greater yield of NV color centers and superior location accuracy.The effects of different pre-doping concentrations(400–1500 ppm)and implantation energies(1.0–3.0 keV)on the NV color center yield are analyzed,and it is shown that a pre-doping concentra-tion of 1000 ppm with 2 keV C-ion implantation can produce a 13%yield of NV color centers after 1600 K annealing for 7.4 ns.Finally,a brief comparison of the NV color center identification methods is presented,and it is found that the error rate of an analysis utiliz-ing the identify diamond structure coordination analysis method is reduced by about 7%compared with conventional identification+methods.
文摘To the Editor:We read with great interest the article by Schulze et al.entitled“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”[1].It is the first single-center report including over 500 fully robotic donor hepatectomies.For the donors,the overall complication rate was 6.4%(n=32).Postoperative self-limiting bleeding(0.4%)and bile leakage from the resection plane(1.8%)were rare.
基金Supported by Ministry of Science and Technology Senior Foreign Expert Program,No.G2019028023 and No.G2020028007National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program,No.202210730172+1 种基金Medical Innovation and Development Project of Lanzhou University,No.lzuyxcx-2022-99Joint Research Fund Project of Gansu Province,No.23JRRA1496.
文摘BACKGROUND The continuous development of social and economic progress and ongoing enhancement of infrastructure construction has led to drastic changes in the occurrence of trauma.AIM To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of trauma in Lanzhou City to provide theoretical references for improving quality of trauma care.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 16585 trauma patients treated at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University Trauma Center from November 1,2021 to October 31,2023 was conducted.Data including age,sex,time of trauma,cause of trauma,and major injured body parts were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 18235 patients were admitted,with complete data for 16585 cases.Of these,9793 were male and 6792 were female(male-to-female ratio of 1.44:1).The peak times for trauma occurrence were 10 AM-12 PM and 6-10 PM,and the peak months were from May to October.The leading causes of trauma were falls(45.32%),other trauma(15.88%),road traffic accidents(15.15%),violence(10.82%),cutting/stabbing(9.41%),mechanical injuries(2.65%),winter sports injuries(0.36%),animal bites(0.22%),burns(0.09%),and electrical injuries(0.02%).The distribution of majorly injured body parts showed statistical significance,with limbs/skin being the most affected followed by the head/neck,chest/abdomen,and back.CONCLUSION Medical institutions and government agencies can implement preventive measures and policies based on the characteristics of trauma determined in this study to enhance the quality and level of trauma care.
文摘Method: In Cameroon limited data are available regarding the prevalence of enteric bacteria associated with table egg consuming infections. As such, a situational-based study was performed in patients with complains of stomach disorders after egg consumption. Data related to sociodemographic characteristics and other factors were collected using a structured based questionnaire. Stool culture of utmost importance in stomach disorders patients and serum were collected for typhoid serological test. Results: A total of 207 participants took part in the survey, Results indicated nontyphoidal Salmonella infections were highest in the 3 areas of study with Mfoundi (73.44%) having the highest level of infection compared to other bacterial infection. other enteric bacteria associated to this infection were E. coli serotype 157, Aeromonas, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloaca and typhi salmonella. Meanwhile salmonelosis caused by typhic salmonella had highest prevalence in the Lekie Division (13.11%) as a result of poor hygienic practices associated with the conservation and preparation of eggs, Stool culture was observed to detect more positive cases in the diagnosis of typhoid fever than Widal test, but with no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference between the stool culture and Widal test in the 3 areas of study. Conclusion: this study revealed that egg consumers are pruned to enteric bacterial and salmonella infections depending on how and where egg is consumed.
文摘Tartaric acid, oxalic acid, glucose, and fructose are highly important compounds. A comprehensive study of these substances is fascinating from a scientific perspective. They are key components found in wine, vegetables, and fruits. Understanding the isotopic compositions in organic compounds is crucial for comprehending various biochemical processes and the nature of substances present in different natural products. Tartaric acid, oxalic acid, glucose, and fructose are widely distributed compounds, including in vegetables and fruits. Tartaric acid plays a significant role in determining the quality and taste properties of wine, while oxalic acid is also prevalent but holds great interest for further research, especially in terms of carbon isotopic composition. We can unveil the mechanisms of processes that were previously impossible to study. Glucose and fructose are the most common monosaccharides in the hexose group, and both are found in fruits, with sweeter fruits containing higher amounts of these substances. In addition to fruits, wheat, barley, rye, onions, garlic, lentils, peppers, dried fruits, beans, broccoli, cabbage, tomatoes, and other foods are also rich sources of fructose and glucose. To determine the mass fraction of the carbon-13 isotope in these compounds, it is important to study their changes during natural synthesis. These compounds can be modified with a carbon center. According to the existing isotopic analysis method, these compounds are converted into carbon oxide or dioxide [1]. At this point, the average carbon content in the given compound is determined, but information about isotope-modified centers is lost. Dilution may occur through the transfer of other carbon-containing organic compounds in the sample or by dilution with natural carbon or carbon dioxide during the transfer process. This article discusses the possibility of carbon-13 isotope propagation directly in these compounds, both completely modified and modified with individual carbon centers. The literature provides information on determining carbon-13 substance in organic compounds, both with a general approach and for individual compounds [2] [3].
