Environmental education is an effective approach to addressing environmental issues,and incorporating environmental education into kindergarten through gamified activities aligns with the concept of gamifying teaching...Environmental education is an effective approach to addressing environmental issues,and incorporating environmental education into kindergarten through gamified activities aligns with the concept of gamifying teaching and provides the optimal pathway for implementing environmental education.The purpose of this study is to investigate the specific processes involved in determining the objectives,themes,and content of gamified environmental education activities,as well as the organization,implementation,and evaluation of these activities in kindergarten settings.Five classes from Class G in Xining City Kindergarten were selected as the observational subjects for this study.Interviews were conducted with the teaching staff and the head of the kindergarten.The data obtained from observations and interviews served as the primary data for this research.The results indicate that the activity objectives formulated by teachers lack scientific basis and operability,with limited incorporation of gaming elements.The activity themes and content are narrow in scope and primarily determined by teachers and kindergarten administrators.The organization and implementation of activities often neglect the playful experiences of children,and activity evaluation is not given sufficient attention.展开更多
In this paper,the development status of environmental education in representative urban parks in Zibo City is investigated,studied,analyzed,and summarized.Besides,the role of natural resource commentary systems,waste ...In this paper,the development status of environmental education in representative urban parks in Zibo City is investigated,studied,analyzed,and summarized.Besides,the role of natural resource commentary systems,waste sorting center visitations,and specialty gardens are expounded.In order to provide a reference for the integration of environmental education in the construction and renovation of parks in Zibo City,the problems in several practices like specialty gardens and WeChat public account is discussed.展开更多
Families'large pollution and energy consumption cannot be underestimated.In order to realize and internalize environmental awareness as a social consensus,it is imperative for every member of a household to be inv...Families'large pollution and energy consumption cannot be underestimated.In order to realize and internalize environmental awareness as a social consensus,it is imperative for every member of a household to be involved in transforming everyday behavior.Intergenerational interactions are of paramount importance.Accordingly,the focus of this study was on parent-adolescent interactions,their reciprocal impact on environmental behaviors,and the factors that have an influence on these processes.Questionnaires were employed to collect information of 684 families in 10 districts of Jinan,the capital of Shandong Province.Subsequently,interviews were conducted with 15 of these families to comprehend the tangible reasons underlying intergenerational interactions in environmental behaviors.First,a paired sample T-test was employed to compare the frequency of these interactions.The data showed that while the T values were positive in all eight compared groups,there were significant differences in seven of them.These results suggest that the impact of intergenerational interactions on environmental behaviors is not symmetrical:parents'instructions are far more frequent than adolescents'back-feeding of ecological notions.The interviews revealed that this phenomenon was generated primarily by unequal experiences between parents and adolescents because the latter do not participate in housework and family projects.Furthermore,the traditional concept of intergenerational order appears to be permanent.Second,two linear regression models,a Parent-to-Adolescent model and an Adolescent-to-Parent model that encompassed several factors including family structure,intergenerational relationships,living environment,and families'social class were developed.Among these factors,the intergenerational relationship variable played a particularly significant role:the more equal and open-minded dialogs are incorporated into parent-adolescent communication,the more favorable interactions may occur for development of their environmental behaviors.Thus,when an environmental education system with families is constructed,it is imperative to promote a parent's ecological awareness with the help of grass-roots organizations by means of reasonable rewards and punishments to redress their former behaviors so as to let Big Hands Guide Small Hands.It is also crucial to enhance a more equal intergenerational relationship through parents'schooling or other relevant services so as to create a favorable atmosphere for Small Hands Guide Big Hands.展开更多
The need for environmental education, which incorporates the life cycle concept into the learning program, will become increasingly greater all over the world. In the present study, an e-learning system, which is made...The need for environmental education, which incorporates the life cycle concept into the learning program, will become increasingly greater all over the world. In the present study, an e-learning system, which is made up of 3 parts including text-based learning materials, quizzes to review the content of the learning materials and CO<sub>2</sub> emission simulation, was designed and developed with the purpose of supporting environmental learning. Targeting a wide range of people, the operation period of this system was 1 month. Based on the results of questionnaire survey for users, it was evident that the quiz function and the simulation function of CO<sub>2</sub> emission contributed to the efficiency in environmental learning, and the format of the e-learning system was effective and helpful for environmental learning. Additionally, with the users’ awareness related to environmental conservation before and after using the system, significant changes in awareness were seen in areas such as behavioral intention, sense of urgency and sense of connection. Furthermore, as it was revealed that 62% of the total access numbers were from mobile devices, it was effective to prepare an interface optimized for mobile devices enabling users to use the system from their smartphones and tablet PCs.展开更多
The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate ...The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate the increased pressures on food security. It describes the need for urban cultivation systems using controlled environments and how they can be harnessed to address pressures facing food security. The factors that have contributed to the growth of CEAs, education, environmental justice, and the advantages and disadvantages of growing crops in CEAs in urban areas will be discussed. The article reviews global urban cultivation systems using controlled environments, by identifying the technologies needed to establish them. The practice of CEA is being increasingly adopted worldwide and we describe urban agriculture and compare it with traditional growing systems. Indoor farming systems that integrate into existing urban infrastructure such as vertical farming and plant factories using CEAs are discussed. Indoor farming gives urban areas enhanced access to food sources, but the cost is high, however decreasing due to recent technological advances. The current review extends the literature by incorporating recent research on the topic of agriculture in urban areas and food security. This review seeks to provide additional information regarding the viability of CEA in urban areas.展开更多
The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore and gain an understanding of Louisiana homeowners’ perceptions and practices in preparing for hurricanes;contribute to academic research and student learning, while...The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore and gain an understanding of Louisiana homeowners’ perceptions and practices in preparing for hurricanes;contribute to academic research and student learning, while guiding the development of future projects. We focused specifically on how homeowners in Louisiana would protect their important documents and possessions. These documents and possessions include but are not limited to photographs, social security cards, birth certificates, and insurance paperwork. We collected the data throughout the fall semester of 2022 at Louisiana State University (LSU) by conducting a focus group and in-depth interviews. We collected a variety of answers, but most participants expressed a strong need to have their important documents and possessions protected and gave different strategies for how this was carried out, such as digitizing or protective storage. Participants also expressed a strong need for more information to be delivered to residents to talk more about ways they can protect their own documents and possessions. Emphases were also made on the need for: leaders of large institutions to be especially concerned with preparedness for vulnerable populations;outreach programs to be put in place to spread awareness of the importance of protecting important documents and possessions during a disaster;news outlets to switch their focus from normal survival tips to discussions on the importance of protecting documents and possessions;government and non-profit agencies to work together to share tips and information through social media and other forms of handouts.展开更多
Purpose:This paper adds to the understandings of how face-to-face meetings contribute to the network governance and global mobility of United Nations(UN)policy programs on environmental and sustainability education(ES...Purpose:This paper adds to the understandings of how face-to-face meetings contribute to the network governance and global mobility of United Nations(UN)policy programs on environmental and sustainability education(ESE).Design/Approach/Methods:Data from interviews with 13 international ESE policy leaders were transcribed,coded,and analyzed for key themes related to the research purpose.Findings:The findings indicate that meetings provide an arena for collaboration and influence on UN ESE policy programs,as well as facilitating the impact of the policy programs on UN member country policy.In addition,attending meetings enables the production of network relations that bind ESE policy communities together across distant locations.They are also a venue for the networking labor involved in forging new relationships and facilitating the social learning that supports global policy mobility.Originality/Value:This pilot study enriches understanding of face-to-face meetings as a key vector of policy mobility and a significant factor in the overall network governance of UN organizations and their policy programs.We hope the study contributes to the fields of critical policy studies and ESE,as well as to informing policy actors on how important their participation in meetings can be for the network governance and mobility of UN policy programs.展开更多
Deforestation leads to habitat loss while preservation and conservation of the natural forest increase biological diversity.Multiple factors have been reported to be responsible for deforestation and habitat loss,whic...Deforestation leads to habitat loss while preservation and conservation of the natural forest increase biological diversity.Multiple factors have been reported to be responsible for deforestation and habitat loss,which could either be of human or natural origin.Natural causes of deforestation could be as a result of forest fires,droughts,exotic animals,floods,overpopulation of foreign animals and climate change.That notwithstanding,human activities are among the principal causes of global deforestation and habitat loss with agricultural expansion,cattle breeding,timber extraction,mining,oil extraction,dam construction and infrastructure development as some examples of these human influences.This study identifies agricultural activities and urbanization as the chief causes of human induced deforestation and habitat loss on a large scale.The simple and more practicable approach to curb the already alarming effects of deforestation and habitat loss is through environmental education of everyone still surviving on our planet.Environmental education is the key to reversing continuous and deliberate human actions through the protection of every natural forest and afforestation where necessary.展开更多
The fishing and ostreiculture activities practiced in the coast of the Eastern Amazon in the state of Pará,Brazil,became important to be inserted in rural education.Thus,this literature review aimed to real...The fishing and ostreiculture activities practiced in the coast of the Eastern Amazon in the state of Pará,Brazil,became important to be inserted in rural education.Thus,this literature review aimed to realize a brief theoretical discussion about the important aspects of rural education in promoting the development of fishing and osteiculture.For the accomplishment of the literary research it was sought to explain the definition in education;rural education and valorization of the rural environment;environmental education as a transversal theme;fishing and aquaculture as a teaching strategy;considerations of fishing and ostreiculture;challenges and perspectives of the teaching of fishing and aquaculture in education;and booklet as a pedagogical tool in education.In conclusion,the use of fishing and ostreiculture as a strategy for rural schools through environmental education is important to foster fishing activity in communities,as well as the sustainable use of natural resources.展开更多
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the Six Sigma (SS) methodology can be used to improve the performance of students in English as a second language and enhance the teaching process by utilizing qual...Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the Six Sigma (SS) methodology can be used to improve the performance of students in English as a second language and enhance the teaching process by utilizing quality tools in an educational environment. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper uses the different quality improvement tools within the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC) phases to improve student performance in an English language class at a private school. Findings: Quality tools, such as cause and effect diagrams and quality function deployment, have been successfully applied within the Six Sigma DMAIC framework in the educational sector to improve the performance of students and enhance the teaching process. Practical Implications: This paper helps school administrations to analyze student performance and implement improvement actions to improve their performance. Originality/Value: The principal objective of this paper is to demonstrate how quality improvement tools can be introduced and successfully applied in an elementary school to improve student performance and communication between the school administration, teachers and parents.展开更多
Cultural construction has gradually become the focus of the public with the continuous improvement of materials.The construction of university campus culture has become an important symbol of university inheritance an...Cultural construction has gradually become the focus of the public with the continuous improvement of materials.The construction of university campus culture has become an important symbol of university inheritance and construction.A good school cultural atmosphere has a subtle positive impact on the physical and mental development of students.In order maximize the role of campus culture construction in college education,the quality and effectiveness of administrative management needs to be improved,which plays an irreplaceable role in the campus culture construction.Campus cultural construction and administrative management complement each other to create a harmonious cultural and educational environment in colleges and universities.展开更多
Northwestern Morocco is undergoing a sudden change in the level of infrastructure growth and pressure on the environment from increased tourism.The ongoing changes are raising questions about how the ecosystem will re...Northwestern Morocco is undergoing a sudden change in the level of infrastructure growth and pressure on the environment from increased tourism.The ongoing changes are raising questions about how the ecosystem will react,and the relevant drivers of these changes.The Oued Laou valley in north-west Morocco hosts high landscape,species and human cultural diversity.The Talassemtane National Park has been established to preserve the envi-ronment in this region;however,what information tools are available to children regarding this environment?The ecosystem is illustrated here using three components:herpetofauna(representing ecosystem components),prob-lems related to water quantity and quality(representing interactions within ecosystem components)and Talassemtane National Park(representing a case of ecosystem management).A children’s book was written on this topic,and when the book was delivered to pupils,a questionnaire was included,aimed at determining their sources of environ-mental information.The results identified major changes in the sources of information utilized by children in this part of Morocco,a clear role of schools in explaining ecosystem components,and an increasing role of TV in environmental information supply.The role of the family was found to be less important than TV or school.Another major source of pupils’environmental knowledge is personal observation and hands-on experience,both for rural and urban children.Children are willing to discover and understand complex systems,and researchers should be encouraged to supply children with correct and up-to-date information on environmental systems,focusing at first on the local environment,as a background for sustainable development.展开更多
People with visual impairments(PwVI)represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course.Understanding dimensions of vulner...People with visual impairments(PwVI)represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course.Understanding dimensions of vulnerability of PwVI to disasters and climate change is an important issue to reduce the culture of neglected disasters.To date,few studies have analyzed visual impairment and disaster risk reduction(DRR)in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean.This exploratory qualitative research project analyzed how to include PwVI in the DRR policies of Brazil.The research question is:how can we include PwVI in the discussion of DRR and climate change?The response to this question is part of a joint effort that involved a university,a hazard monitoring agency,and three institutions that work with PwVI.The three main results of the project are:(1)a mapping method to identify the exposure of PwVI to landslides and floods,and to create tactile risk maps tailored to them;(2)incorporating the voices of PwVI regarding their vulnerabilities and capacities with respect to disasters and climate change,achieved through shared interaction during 15 face to face interviews and one workshop attended by 100 people;and(3)an initiative of inclusive education to reduce some of the disabling barriers that intensify vulnerability.展开更多
文摘Environmental education is an effective approach to addressing environmental issues,and incorporating environmental education into kindergarten through gamified activities aligns with the concept of gamifying teaching and provides the optimal pathway for implementing environmental education.The purpose of this study is to investigate the specific processes involved in determining the objectives,themes,and content of gamified environmental education activities,as well as the organization,implementation,and evaluation of these activities in kindergarten settings.Five classes from Class G in Xining City Kindergarten were selected as the observational subjects for this study.Interviews were conducted with the teaching staff and the head of the kindergarten.The data obtained from observations and interviews served as the primary data for this research.The results indicate that the activity objectives formulated by teachers lack scientific basis and operability,with limited incorporation of gaming elements.The activity themes and content are narrow in scope and primarily determined by teachers and kindergarten administrators.The organization and implementation of activities often neglect the playful experiences of children,and activity evaluation is not given sufficient attention.
文摘In this paper,the development status of environmental education in representative urban parks in Zibo City is investigated,studied,analyzed,and summarized.Besides,the role of natural resource commentary systems,waste sorting center visitations,and specialty gardens are expounded.In order to provide a reference for the integration of environmental education in the construction and renovation of parks in Zibo City,the problems in several practices like specialty gardens and WeChat public account is discussed.
基金supported by Social Sciences Foundation of Shandong Province[Grant number:17CSHJ07],“The Family Influencing Factors of Environmental Behavior of Adolescents”PhD Foundation of Social Sciences Academy of Shandong,“Study on the Implementation Strategies of Family Environmental Education for Adolescents”.
文摘Families'large pollution and energy consumption cannot be underestimated.In order to realize and internalize environmental awareness as a social consensus,it is imperative for every member of a household to be involved in transforming everyday behavior.Intergenerational interactions are of paramount importance.Accordingly,the focus of this study was on parent-adolescent interactions,their reciprocal impact on environmental behaviors,and the factors that have an influence on these processes.Questionnaires were employed to collect information of 684 families in 10 districts of Jinan,the capital of Shandong Province.Subsequently,interviews were conducted with 15 of these families to comprehend the tangible reasons underlying intergenerational interactions in environmental behaviors.First,a paired sample T-test was employed to compare the frequency of these interactions.The data showed that while the T values were positive in all eight compared groups,there were significant differences in seven of them.These results suggest that the impact of intergenerational interactions on environmental behaviors is not symmetrical:parents'instructions are far more frequent than adolescents'back-feeding of ecological notions.The interviews revealed that this phenomenon was generated primarily by unequal experiences between parents and adolescents because the latter do not participate in housework and family projects.Furthermore,the traditional concept of intergenerational order appears to be permanent.Second,two linear regression models,a Parent-to-Adolescent model and an Adolescent-to-Parent model that encompassed several factors including family structure,intergenerational relationships,living environment,and families'social class were developed.Among these factors,the intergenerational relationship variable played a particularly significant role:the more equal and open-minded dialogs are incorporated into parent-adolescent communication,the more favorable interactions may occur for development of their environmental behaviors.Thus,when an environmental education system with families is constructed,it is imperative to promote a parent's ecological awareness with the help of grass-roots organizations by means of reasonable rewards and punishments to redress their former behaviors so as to let Big Hands Guide Small Hands.It is also crucial to enhance a more equal intergenerational relationship through parents'schooling or other relevant services so as to create a favorable atmosphere for Small Hands Guide Big Hands.
文摘The need for environmental education, which incorporates the life cycle concept into the learning program, will become increasingly greater all over the world. In the present study, an e-learning system, which is made up of 3 parts including text-based learning materials, quizzes to review the content of the learning materials and CO<sub>2</sub> emission simulation, was designed and developed with the purpose of supporting environmental learning. Targeting a wide range of people, the operation period of this system was 1 month. Based on the results of questionnaire survey for users, it was evident that the quiz function and the simulation function of CO<sub>2</sub> emission contributed to the efficiency in environmental learning, and the format of the e-learning system was effective and helpful for environmental learning. Additionally, with the users’ awareness related to environmental conservation before and after using the system, significant changes in awareness were seen in areas such as behavioral intention, sense of urgency and sense of connection. Furthermore, as it was revealed that 62% of the total access numbers were from mobile devices, it was effective to prepare an interface optimized for mobile devices enabling users to use the system from their smartphones and tablet PCs.
文摘The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate the increased pressures on food security. It describes the need for urban cultivation systems using controlled environments and how they can be harnessed to address pressures facing food security. The factors that have contributed to the growth of CEAs, education, environmental justice, and the advantages and disadvantages of growing crops in CEAs in urban areas will be discussed. The article reviews global urban cultivation systems using controlled environments, by identifying the technologies needed to establish them. The practice of CEA is being increasingly adopted worldwide and we describe urban agriculture and compare it with traditional growing systems. Indoor farming systems that integrate into existing urban infrastructure such as vertical farming and plant factories using CEAs are discussed. Indoor farming gives urban areas enhanced access to food sources, but the cost is high, however decreasing due to recent technological advances. The current review extends the literature by incorporating recent research on the topic of agriculture in urban areas and food security. This review seeks to provide additional information regarding the viability of CEA in urban areas.
文摘The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore and gain an understanding of Louisiana homeowners’ perceptions and practices in preparing for hurricanes;contribute to academic research and student learning, while guiding the development of future projects. We focused specifically on how homeowners in Louisiana would protect their important documents and possessions. These documents and possessions include but are not limited to photographs, social security cards, birth certificates, and insurance paperwork. We collected the data throughout the fall semester of 2022 at Louisiana State University (LSU) by conducting a focus group and in-depth interviews. We collected a variety of answers, but most participants expressed a strong need to have their important documents and possessions protected and gave different strategies for how this was carried out, such as digitizing or protective storage. Participants also expressed a strong need for more information to be delivered to residents to talk more about ways they can protect their own documents and possessions. Emphases were also made on the need for: leaders of large institutions to be especially concerned with preparedness for vulnerable populations;outreach programs to be put in place to spread awareness of the importance of protecting important documents and possessions during a disaster;news outlets to switch their focus from normal survival tips to discussions on the importance of protecting documents and possessions;government and non-profit agencies to work together to share tips and information through social media and other forms of handouts.
基金supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada,(grant number 435-2019-0906).
文摘Purpose:This paper adds to the understandings of how face-to-face meetings contribute to the network governance and global mobility of United Nations(UN)policy programs on environmental and sustainability education(ESE).Design/Approach/Methods:Data from interviews with 13 international ESE policy leaders were transcribed,coded,and analyzed for key themes related to the research purpose.Findings:The findings indicate that meetings provide an arena for collaboration and influence on UN ESE policy programs,as well as facilitating the impact of the policy programs on UN member country policy.In addition,attending meetings enables the production of network relations that bind ESE policy communities together across distant locations.They are also a venue for the networking labor involved in forging new relationships and facilitating the social learning that supports global policy mobility.Originality/Value:This pilot study enriches understanding of face-to-face meetings as a key vector of policy mobility and a significant factor in the overall network governance of UN organizations and their policy programs.We hope the study contributes to the fields of critical policy studies and ESE,as well as to informing policy actors on how important their participation in meetings can be for the network governance and mobility of UN policy programs.
文摘Deforestation leads to habitat loss while preservation and conservation of the natural forest increase biological diversity.Multiple factors have been reported to be responsible for deforestation and habitat loss,which could either be of human or natural origin.Natural causes of deforestation could be as a result of forest fires,droughts,exotic animals,floods,overpopulation of foreign animals and climate change.That notwithstanding,human activities are among the principal causes of global deforestation and habitat loss with agricultural expansion,cattle breeding,timber extraction,mining,oil extraction,dam construction and infrastructure development as some examples of these human influences.This study identifies agricultural activities and urbanization as the chief causes of human induced deforestation and habitat loss on a large scale.The simple and more practicable approach to curb the already alarming effects of deforestation and habitat loss is through environmental education of everyone still surviving on our planet.Environmental education is the key to reversing continuous and deliberate human actions through the protection of every natural forest and afforestation where necessary.
文摘The fishing and ostreiculture activities practiced in the coast of the Eastern Amazon in the state of Pará,Brazil,became important to be inserted in rural education.Thus,this literature review aimed to realize a brief theoretical discussion about the important aspects of rural education in promoting the development of fishing and osteiculture.For the accomplishment of the literary research it was sought to explain the definition in education;rural education and valorization of the rural environment;environmental education as a transversal theme;fishing and aquaculture as a teaching strategy;considerations of fishing and ostreiculture;challenges and perspectives of the teaching of fishing and aquaculture in education;and booklet as a pedagogical tool in education.In conclusion,the use of fishing and ostreiculture as a strategy for rural schools through environmental education is important to foster fishing activity in communities,as well as the sustainable use of natural resources.
文摘Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the Six Sigma (SS) methodology can be used to improve the performance of students in English as a second language and enhance the teaching process by utilizing quality tools in an educational environment. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper uses the different quality improvement tools within the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC) phases to improve student performance in an English language class at a private school. Findings: Quality tools, such as cause and effect diagrams and quality function deployment, have been successfully applied within the Six Sigma DMAIC framework in the educational sector to improve the performance of students and enhance the teaching process. Practical Implications: This paper helps school administrations to analyze student performance and implement improvement actions to improve their performance. Originality/Value: The principal objective of this paper is to demonstrate how quality improvement tools can be introduced and successfully applied in an elementary school to improve student performance and communication between the school administration, teachers and parents.
基金supported by Xinjiang University Ideological and Political Work Innovation Research Project“Research on Collaborative Education of College Counselors and Ideological and Political Course Teachers in the New Era”(Project No.:XJGXSZ2021B04)Xinjiang Social Science Fund Project“Research on the Reform Path of Ideological and Political Courses in Xinjiang University Under the New Media Background”(Item No.:20BKS033).
文摘Cultural construction has gradually become the focus of the public with the continuous improvement of materials.The construction of university campus culture has become an important symbol of university inheritance and construction.A good school cultural atmosphere has a subtle positive impact on the physical and mental development of students.In order maximize the role of campus culture construction in college education,the quality and effectiveness of administrative management needs to be improved,which plays an irreplaceable role in the campus culture construction.Campus cultural construction and administrative management complement each other to create a harmonious cultural and educational environment in colleges and universities.
基金This work was carried out within the project WADI(EU contract INCO-CT2005-015226,6FP).
文摘Northwestern Morocco is undergoing a sudden change in the level of infrastructure growth and pressure on the environment from increased tourism.The ongoing changes are raising questions about how the ecosystem will react,and the relevant drivers of these changes.The Oued Laou valley in north-west Morocco hosts high landscape,species and human cultural diversity.The Talassemtane National Park has been established to preserve the envi-ronment in this region;however,what information tools are available to children regarding this environment?The ecosystem is illustrated here using three components:herpetofauna(representing ecosystem components),prob-lems related to water quantity and quality(representing interactions within ecosystem components)and Talassemtane National Park(representing a case of ecosystem management).A children’s book was written on this topic,and when the book was delivered to pupils,a questionnaire was included,aimed at determining their sources of environ-mental information.The results identified major changes in the sources of information utilized by children in this part of Morocco,a clear role of schools in explaining ecosystem components,and an increasing role of TV in environmental information supply.The role of the family was found to be less important than TV or school.Another major source of pupils’environmental knowledge is personal observation and hands-on experience,both for rural and urban children.Children are willing to discover and understand complex systems,and researchers should be encouraged to supply children with correct and up-to-date information on environmental systems,focusing at first on the local environment,as a background for sustainable development.
基金the Sao Paulo Research Foundation–Fapesp (Grant Number 2018/06093-4).
文摘People with visual impairments(PwVI)represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course.Understanding dimensions of vulnerability of PwVI to disasters and climate change is an important issue to reduce the culture of neglected disasters.To date,few studies have analyzed visual impairment and disaster risk reduction(DRR)in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean.This exploratory qualitative research project analyzed how to include PwVI in the DRR policies of Brazil.The research question is:how can we include PwVI in the discussion of DRR and climate change?The response to this question is part of a joint effort that involved a university,a hazard monitoring agency,and three institutions that work with PwVI.The three main results of the project are:(1)a mapping method to identify the exposure of PwVI to landslides and floods,and to create tactile risk maps tailored to them;(2)incorporating the voices of PwVI regarding their vulnerabilities and capacities with respect to disasters and climate change,achieved through shared interaction during 15 face to face interviews and one workshop attended by 100 people;and(3)an initiative of inclusive education to reduce some of the disabling barriers that intensify vulnerability.
