A new kind of phenyl-functionalized magnetic fibrous mesoporous silica(Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl) was prepared by copolymerization as an efficient adsorbent for the magnetic extraction of phthalate esters from environ...A new kind of phenyl-functionalized magnetic fibrous mesoporous silica(Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl) was prepared by copolymerization as an efficient adsorbent for the magnetic extraction of phthalate esters from environmental water samples. The obtained Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl showed monodisperse fibrous spherical morphology, fairly strong magnetic response(29 emu/g), and an abundant π-electron system, which allowed rapid isolation of the Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl from solutions upon applying an appropriate magnetic field. Several variables that affect the extraction efficiency of the analytes,including the type of the elution solvent, amount of adsorbent, extraction time and reusability, were investigated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, the Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl was used for the extraction of four phthalate esters from environmental water samples followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Validation experiments indicated that the developed method presented good linearity(0.1-20 ng/m L), low limit of detection(7.5-29 μg/L, S/N =3). The proposed method was applied to the determination of phthalate esters in different real water samples, with relative recoveries of 93%-103.4%and relative standard deviation of 0.8%-8.3%.展开更多
Detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria has largely been dependent on targeted gene sequencing technology or traditional cell cultivation, which usually takes from days to months to carry out. This clearly does not mee...Detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria has largely been dependent on targeted gene sequencing technology or traditional cell cultivation, which usually takes from days to months to carry out. This clearly does not meet the requirements of analysis for time-sensitive samples and/or complicated environmental samples. Since energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS) can be used to simultaneously detect multiple elements in a sample, including sulfur, with minimal sample treatment, this technology was applied to detect sulfur-oxidizing bacteria using their high sulfur content within the cell. This article describes the application of scanning electron microscopy imaging coupled with EDS mapping for quick detection of sulfur oxidizers in contaminated environmental water samples, with minimal sample handling. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed the existence of dense granules within the bacterial cells, while EDS identified large amounts of sulfur within them. EDS mapping localized the sulfur to these granules. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the bacteria detected in our samples belonged to the genus Chromatium, which are sulfur oxidizers. Thus, EDS mapping made it possible to identify sulfur oxidizers in environmental samples based on localized sulfur within their cells, within a short time(within 24 h of sampling). This technique has wide ranging applications for detection of sulfur bacteria in environmental water samples.展开更多
With the development and reform of water price policy, the most common view is that the total cost of water price can reflect the tradable traits of water resources, which can enhance the water use efficiency and achi...With the development and reform of water price policy, the most common view is that the total cost of water price can reflect the tradable traits of water resources, which can enhance the water use efficiency and achieve water resources sustainable utilization. Besides in actual pricing operation, from the angle of protection cost, water price characterizes the cost of controlling pollution and protecting water environment. Based on the two factors of water environment capacity and ecological water consumption embodied by the environment water price, this paper puts forward an effective environmental water price calculation model based on three elements of sewage treatment fee, ecological water price and water quality maintenance fee. And this paper takes the data of Hefei as an example, calculates reasonable environmental price, comparing which with the existing price, and finds the main existing problem which needs to be solved urgently in management.展开更多
Noroviruses(NoVs)are the most significant viral pathogens associated with waterborne and foodborne outbreaks of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans worldwide.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and...Noroviruses(NoVs)are the most significant viral pathogens associated with waterborne and foodborne outbreaks of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans worldwide.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and diversity of NoVs contaminated in the environmental water in Chiang Mai,Thailand.A total of 600 environmental water samples were collected from ten sampling sites in Chiang Mai from July 2020 to December 2022.The presence of NoV genogroups I(GI),GII,and GIV were examined using real-time RT-PCR assay.The genotype of the virus was determined by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.The results showed that NoV GI and GII were detected at 8.5%(51/600)and 11.7%(70/600)of the samples tested,respectively.However,NoV GIV was not detected in this study.NoV circulated throughout the year,with a higher detection rate during the winter season.Six NoV GI genotypes(GI.1-GI.6)and eight NoV GII genotypes(GII.2,GII.3,GII.7,GII.8,GII.10,GII.13,GII.17,and GII.21)were identified.Among 121 NoV strains detected,GII.17 was the most predominant genotype(24.8%,30 strains),followed by GII.2(21.5%,26 strains),GI.3(17.4%,21 strains),and GI.4(16.5%,20 strains).Notably,NoV GII.3,GII.7,GII.8,and GII.10 were detected for the first time in water samples in this area.This study provides insight into the occurrence and seasonal pattern of NoV along with novel findings of NoV strains in environmental water in Thailand during the COVID-19 outbreak.Our findings emphasize the importance of further surveillance studies to monitor viral contamination in environmental water.展开更多
Water risk early warning systems based on the water environmental carrying capacity(WECC)are powerful and effective tools to guarantee the sustainability of rivers.Existing work on the early warning of WECC has mainly...Water risk early warning systems based on the water environmental carrying capacity(WECC)are powerful and effective tools to guarantee the sustainability of rivers.Existing work on the early warning of WECC has mainly concerned the comprehensive evaluation of the status quo and lacked a quantitative prejudgement and warning of future overload.In addition,existing quantitative methods for short-term early warning have rarely focused on the integrated change trends of the early warning indicators.Given the periodicity of the socioeconomic system,however,the water environmental system also follows a trend of cyclical fluctuations.Thus,it is meaningful to monitor and use this periodicity for the early warning of the WECC.In this study,we first adopted and improved the prosperity index method to develop an integrated water risk early warning framework.We also constructed a forecast model to qualitatively and quantitatively prejudge and warn about the development trends of the water environmental system.We selected the North Canal Basin(an essential connection among the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region)in China as a case study and predicted the WECC in 25 water environmental management units of the basin in 2018–2023.We found that the analysis of the prosperity index was helpful in predicting the WECC,to some extent.The result demonstrated that the early warning system provided reliable prediction(root mean square error of 0.0651 and mean absolute error of 0.1418),and the calculation results of the comprehensive early warning index(CEWI)conformed to the actual situation and related research in the river basin.From 2008 to 2023,the WECC of most water environmental management units in the basin had improved but with some spatial differences:the CEWI was generally poor in areas with many human disturbances,while it was relatively good in the upstream regions with higher forest and grass covers as well as in the downstream areas with larger water volume.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of the indicators,we proposed specific management measures for the sustainability of the water environmental system in the North Canal Basin.Overall,the integrated water risk early warning framework could provide an appropriate method for the water environmental administration department to predict the WECC of the basin in the future.This framework could also assist in implementing corresponding management measures in advance,especially for the performance evaluation and the arrangement of key short-term tasks in the River Chief System in China.展开更多
In recent years, the beer industry is a biological food industry that consumes a lot of water, and it has developed rapidly in China. The sewage discharged from the mass production of beer poses a huge threat to the e...In recent years, the beer industry is a biological food industry that consumes a lot of water, and it has developed rapidly in China. The sewage discharged from the mass production of beer poses a huge threat to the environment. In order to evaluate and better solve the possible environmental impacts of beer treatment engineering projects, a brewery project in Foshan City is taken as an example to investigate the water pollution generation links of the engineering process including surface water and groundwater. According to the relevant technical methods and standards, water pollution factors are screened, and concentration and discharge are monitored. Through comprehensive analysis, predictive evaluation is obtained. It is confirmed that the project meets the requirements of national laws and regulations and environmental protection standards.展开更多
The small and scattered enterprise pattern in the county economy has formed numerous sporadic pollution sources, hindering the centralized treatment of the water environment, increasing the cost and difficulty of trea...The small and scattered enterprise pattern in the county economy has formed numerous sporadic pollution sources, hindering the centralized treatment of the water environment, increasing the cost and difficulty of treatment. How enterprises can make reasonable decisions on their water environment behavior based on the external environment and their own factors is of great significance for scientifically and effectively designing water environment regulation mechanisms. Based on optimal control theory, this study investigates the design of contractual mechanisms for water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprise is regarded as an independent economic entity that can adopt optimal control strategies to maximize its own interests. Based on the participation of multiple subjects including the government, enterprises, and the public, an optimal control strategy model for enterprises under contractual water environmental regulation is constructed using optimal control theory, and a method for calculating the amount of unit pollutant penalties is derived. The water pollutant treatment cost data of a paper company is selected to conduct empirical numerical analysis on the model. The results show that the increase in the probability of government regulation and public participation, as well as the decrease in local government protection for enterprises, can achieve the same regulatory effect while reducing the number of administrative penalties per unit. Finally, the implementation process of contractual water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises is designed.展开更多
In urban water ecological restoration projects,the selection and configuration of wetland plants are crucial for water quality improvement,ecological diversity enhancement,and landscape beautification.Different plants...In urban water ecological restoration projects,the selection and configuration of wetland plants are crucial for water quality improvement,ecological diversity enhancement,and landscape beautification.Different plants have different characteristics,and a scientific and rational selection and optimization of plant species is needed.This paper proposes an optimized plant selection and configuration scheme for urban water ecological restoration based on the ecological characteristics and pollutant removal performance of wetland plants.It analyzes the diversity,removal mechanisms,and configuration modes of wetland plants,taking into account ecology,aesthetics,and cost-effectiveness,to provide scientific evidence for wetland plant configuration and support water environment management decision-making.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to evaluate heavy metal environmental quality of irrigation water in vegetable farmlands of Shandong Province. [Method] Heavy metal contents including Hg,Cd,As,Cr (+6),Pb,Cu and Zn in irrigatio...[Objective] The aim was to evaluate heavy metal environmental quality of irrigation water in vegetable farmlands of Shandong Province. [Method] Heavy metal contents including Hg,Cd,As,Cr (+6),Pb,Cu and Zn in irrigation water of main vegetable farmlands of Shandong Province were investigated by randomly sampling,and the environmental quality conditions of these heavy metals were evaluated by methods of single quality index and complex quality index. [Result] The results showed that the average contents of heavy metals in irrigation water of Shouguang,Laiyang,Jinxiang and Zhangqiu were all far lower than the limit values prescribed by 'Farmland Environmental Quality Evaluation Standards for Edible Agricultural Products' (HJ332-2006),and no heavy metal was found beyond the limit value in every sample. The single quality indices of the 7 elements in the studied 4 places were all lower than 0.5. The comprehensive quality index of the seven elements was 0.317 8 in Shouguang,0.320 4 in Laiyang,0.232 6 in Jinxiang,and 0.260 7 in Zhangqiu. The environmental quality of irrigation water in the studied four places were all set at the first class. [Conclusion] The environmental quality of irrigation water in the 4 places belonged to clean level and were fit for the plantation of no pollution vegetables.展开更多
In this study,a hydrophilic resin named GCHM was fabricated based on poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-codivinylbenzene),characterized,and applied as a solid-phase extraction(SPE)material.Up to 44 pharmaceuticals and personal ...In this study,a hydrophilic resin named GCHM was fabricated based on poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-codivinylbenzene),characterized,and applied as a solid-phase extraction(SPE)material.Up to 44 pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)belonging to 10 classes were recovered in environmental water samples.Different variables affecting extraction,such as adsorbent amount,sample pH,and loading speed,were optimized.Under optimal conditions,the average absolute recovgy of 44 PPCPs was 75.6%using GCHM,indicating a better performance than the commercial Oasis^HLB.SPE with home-made hydrophilic polymeric sorbent followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was validated,and the method achieved good linearity(r2>0.991,for all analytes).In addition,the method detection limits of target compounds ranged from 0.03 to 0.6 ng/L.The developed method was applied to determine PPCPs in 10 environmental water samples taken from the Yangtze River,Huaihe River,and Taihu Lake,1 groundwater sample from Changzhou in Jiangsu Province,1 wastewater sample from Xiamen and 2 seawater samples from the Jiulong River in Fujian Province,China.In these samples,22 compounds were determined at levels ranging from 0.5 to 1590 ng/L.展开更多
Acetonitrile inorganic salt aqueous two-phase extraction method was established for the determination of triazine herbicides(simeton,cyanazine,desmetryn,terbumeton,terbuthylazine and dimethametryn)in environmental wat...Acetonitrile inorganic salt aqueous two-phase extraction method was established for the determination of triazine herbicides(simeton,cyanazine,desmetryn,terbumeton,terbuthylazine and dimethametryn)in environmental water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The extraction solvents types and volume of acetonitrile,the inorganic salt types and amount of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),extraction time and pH of sample solution were optimized by single-factor experiment and central composite design.Under the optimum extraction conditions,all linear ranges were obtained with coefficients of determination(r)≥0.9993.The limits of detection for this proposed method were in the range of 0.16-0.28μg/L for six triazine herbicides.The developed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of target triazine herbicides from lake,canal and moat in real-world water samples.The recoveries of target analytes were in the range from 87.0 to 110.9%and the relative standard deviation was lower than 7.3%.展开更多
A new chemiluminescence(CL)reagent named 4-amino-5-thiocyanato-phthalyl-hydrazine(iso-luminol-SCN)is synthesized by the bromide-mediated substitution reaction of iso-luminol with sodium thiocyanate in dimethyl formami...A new chemiluminescence(CL)reagent named 4-amino-5-thiocyanato-phthalyl-hydrazine(iso-luminol-SCN)is synthesized by the bromide-mediated substitution reaction of iso-luminol with sodium thiocyanate in dimethyl formamide(DMF)at room temperature.Strong CL is observed for iso-luminol-SCN oxidized by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in the presence of Fe^(2+),with the CL intensity strongly depending on the concentration of Fe^(2+)and being hardly interferred by other common metal ions.Based on this fact,a flow injection CL method is established for the high sensitive and selective determination of Fe^(2+).The CL intensity was linearly correlated with the concentration of Fe^(2+)in the range of 1.0×10^(–8) mol·L^(-1) to 1.0×10^(–5) mol·L^(-1) following the equation CLnet=166.3c+57.7(c,×10^(–6) mol·L^(-1);n=7;R2=0.9988).The detection limit is calculated to be 3.2×10–9 mol·L^(-1) Fe^(2+)based on the 3S0/K principle.The relative standard deviation(RSD)was 3.7%for 1.0×10^(–6) mol·L^(-1) Fe^(2+)(n=11),a support for the precision of Fe^(2+)measurement.The recoveries of Fe^(2+)were obtained in the range of 98.8%—101.6%in three real water samples,showing the applicability and reliability by the proposed method.The possible CL mechanism is proposed based on the kinetic characteristic of the CL reaction and the CL spectrum.展开更多
In order to reduce the environmental and ecological problems induced by water resources development and utilization, this paper proposes a concept of environmental and ecological water requirement. It is defined as th...In order to reduce the environmental and ecological problems induced by water resources development and utilization, this paper proposes a concept of environmental and ecological water requirement. It is defined as the minimum water amount to be consumed by the natural water bodies to conserve its environmental and ecological functions. Based on the definition, the methods on calculating the amount of environmental and ecological water requirement are determined. In the case study on Haihe-Luanhe river system, the water requirement is divided into three parts, i.e., the basic in-stream flow, water requirement for sediment transfer and water consumption by evaporation of the lakes or everglades. The results of the calculation show that the environmental and ecological water requirement in the river system is about 124×108 m3, including 57×108 m3 for basic in-stream flow, 63×108 m3 for sediment transfer and 4×108 m3 for net evaporation loss of lakes. The total amount of environmental and ecological water requirement accounts for 54% of the amount of runoff (228×108 m3). However, it should be realized that the amount of environmental and ecological water requirement must be more than that we have calculated. According to this result, we consider that the rational utilization rate of the runoff in the river systems must not be more than 40%. Since the current utilization rate of the river system, which is over 80%, has been far beyond the limitation, the problems of environment and ecology are quite serious. It is imperative to control and adjust water development and utilization to eliminate the existing problems and to avoid the potential ecological or environmental crisis.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the variation characteristics of water environmental capacity in Poyang Lake under the scheduling of Three Gorges Reservoir.[Method] Choosing chemical oxygen demand (COD),total nitroge...[Objective] The aim was to study the variation characteristics of water environmental capacity in Poyang Lake under the scheduling of Three Gorges Reservoir.[Method] Choosing chemical oxygen demand (COD),total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) as the control indexes of pollutants in Poyang Lake,the variation characteristics of water environmental capacity in Poyang Lake under the scheduling of Three Gorges Reservoir were analyzed based on the water environment mathematical models of organic compounds and nutrients.[Result] After the operation of Three Gorges Project,high water level in Poyang Lake lasted for a long time in flood season when Three Gorges Reservoir increased discharge volume,while water level went down obviously with the accelerating of recession flow when reservoir decreased discharge volume to store water,so Three Gorges Project had obvious effects on the hydrological regime of Poyang Lake.In 2009,when Three Gorges Reservoir stored water,the water environmental capacity of COD,TN and TP in Poyang Lake in October decreased by 14.0%,15.4% and 15.4% compared with those before operation,while they increased by 3.64%,4.88% and 4.88% in August when reservoir discharged water to prevent flood.[Conclusion] The study could provide scientific foundation for the water pollution control and water environment management of lakes.展开更多
For our investigation into the water quality in Yulin city, we collected 76 typical water samples to be tested for particle quality. By applying a Romani type classification method the groundwater of Yulin city was cl...For our investigation into the water quality in Yulin city, we collected 76 typical water samples to be tested for particle quality. By applying a Romani type classification method the groundwater of Yulin city was classified into nine categories by type, i.e., Ca-HCO3, Na-HCO3, Na-HCO3-SO4-Cl, Na-HCO3-SO4, Na-Cl, Na-Cl-HCO3, Na-Ca- HCO3, Ca-Cl-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3-SO4-Cl. A principal component analysis was carried out in order to analyze the groundwater environment. From this analysis we considered that the information collected could be represented by 21 indices from which we extracted seven principal components, which, respectively, accounted for 37.4%, 13.0%, 8.1%, 7.2%, 6.3%, 5.9% and 4.6% of the total variation. The results show that the groundwater environment of this region is largely determined by characteristic components of the natural groundwater background. One part of the water was polluted by leaching/eluviation of solid waste generated from coal mining. Another part of the ground water was contaminated by acid mine water from the coal layer and from improper irrigation. In addition, geological and hydrogeological conditions also cause changes in the water environment.展开更多
This paper analyzes the characteristics of water environmental planning in New Zone for EconomicTechnological Development (NZETD) in China and presents the task, procedure and method of the planning study Based on the...This paper analyzes the characteristics of water environmental planning in New Zone for EconomicTechnological Development (NZETD) in China and presents the task, procedure and method of the planning study Based on these analyses, the concept of Water Environmental Support Capacity (WESC) is put forward and the corresponding quantitative method is proposed to achieve the objective of coordinating the relationship between water environment and economic development As a case study, a comprehensive analysis and integrated water pollution control planning are made for the New Zone of EconomicTechnological Development in Benxi City in China Based on the costbenefit analysis and feasibility study of the planning alternatives, the comprehensive indexes of WESC are calculated and applied to evaluate the water pollution control planning alternatives展开更多
Water environmental capacity is the important basis to set local and professional emission standards for waters, and is also the work basis of ecological planning. Firstly, the general information of river system in S...Water environmental capacity is the important basis to set local and professional emission standards for waters, and is also the work basis of ecological planning. Firstly, the general information of river system in Shennongjia was introduced. Then, the concept and general model of water environmental capacity were elaborated. Finally, we used the analytical solution to estimate the water environmental capacities of COD and NH3-N in Shennongjia, and concrete measures for water environmental protection were put forward.展开更多
[Objeetive] We aimed to calculate the flow of controlling units in a small watershed based on GIS technology. [Method] Hydrologic analysis on Qingyi River was conducted by using ArcGIS9.0, and the controlling units wi...[Objeetive] We aimed to calculate the flow of controlling units in a small watershed based on GIS technology. [Method] Hydrologic analysis on Qingyi River was conducted by using ArcGIS9.0, and the controlling units with response of water-land were divided according to the riv- er monitoring sections of Xuchang City; considering the wastewater entering the river and the water from its upper reach, the runoff of controlling sections in the driest month （ with guarantee rate of 90% ） was calculated by means of isoline, runoff coefficient and hydrologic analogy method, and the calculated value of Gaocun Bridge section in Linying was contrasted with the measured value in 2010. [Result] The results showed that the cal- culated value and measured value of Gaecun Bridge section in Linying in the driest month of 2010 were 6.03 and 5.93 m^3/s respectively, with relative error of 1.69%, which revealed that the result of calculated runoff was reasonable. [ Conclusion] The way to divide controlling units was reason- able, and the calculation result of runoff was accurate and can meet the precision of water environment capacity calculation.展开更多
Through high-resolution research of sedimental chronology and the sediment environmental indexes, such as graininess, minerals, magnetic parameters, pigment content, organic carbon and chronology in Ds-co...Through high-resolution research of sedimental chronology and the sediment environmental indexes, such as graininess, minerals, magnetic parameters, pigment content, organic carbon and chronology in Ds-core and Ws-core in Nansihu Lake, the authors analyze the formation cause of the Nansihu Lake and its water environmental changes. Historical documents are also analyzed here in order to reach the conclusion. Researches indicate that the Nansihu Lake came into being about 2500 aBP and its evolution succession can be divided into four stages. In this evolution process, several scattered lakes merge into one large lake in the east of China. This process is distinctively affected by the overflow of the Yellow River, the excavation of the Grand Canal and other human activities.展开更多
Appreciable amounts of selenium in spring and well waters can be found due to geological occurrence. Concentrations of as much as 400 9000 μg/l have been reported in U. S. waters.These levels are 8 to 180 times the c...Appreciable amounts of selenium in spring and well waters can be found due to geological occurrence. Concentrations of as much as 400 9000 μg/l have been reported in U. S. waters.These levels are 8 to 180 times the current EPA drinking water standard and approximate dietary exposures of 4900μg in selenosis regions of China. Reviews of health significance of the elevated drinking water exposures to U. S. populations revealed elevated concentrations of selenium in urine and blood. A decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity in such instances was noted. However noticeable symptoms and signs seem absent in studies reviewed. A comparison of intake levels (diet or drinking water) to urinary excretion for residents of China and the U. S. produced a correlation coefficient, r = 0. 82 (P < 0. 01 ) for the three research studies available展开更多
基金supported by the Commonwealth Scientific Foundation for Industry of Chinese Inspection and Quarantine (No.201210071) of the Ministry of National Science and Technology of ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Scientific Utilization of Tobacco Resources
文摘A new kind of phenyl-functionalized magnetic fibrous mesoporous silica(Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl) was prepared by copolymerization as an efficient adsorbent for the magnetic extraction of phthalate esters from environmental water samples. The obtained Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl showed monodisperse fibrous spherical morphology, fairly strong magnetic response(29 emu/g), and an abundant π-electron system, which allowed rapid isolation of the Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl from solutions upon applying an appropriate magnetic field. Several variables that affect the extraction efficiency of the analytes,including the type of the elution solvent, amount of adsorbent, extraction time and reusability, were investigated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, the Fe3 O4@Si O2@KCC-1-phenyl was used for the extraction of four phthalate esters from environmental water samples followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Validation experiments indicated that the developed method presented good linearity(0.1-20 ng/m L), low limit of detection(7.5-29 μg/L, S/N =3). The proposed method was applied to the determination of phthalate esters in different real water samples, with relative recoveries of 93%-103.4%and relative standard deviation of 0.8%-8.3%.
基金Supported by the Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China(Nos.GY02-2011T10,2015P07)the Qingdao Talent Program(No.13-CX-20)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31100567,41176061)the National Natural Science Foundation for Creative Groups(No.41521064)
文摘Detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria has largely been dependent on targeted gene sequencing technology or traditional cell cultivation, which usually takes from days to months to carry out. This clearly does not meet the requirements of analysis for time-sensitive samples and/or complicated environmental samples. Since energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS) can be used to simultaneously detect multiple elements in a sample, including sulfur, with minimal sample treatment, this technology was applied to detect sulfur-oxidizing bacteria using their high sulfur content within the cell. This article describes the application of scanning electron microscopy imaging coupled with EDS mapping for quick detection of sulfur oxidizers in contaminated environmental water samples, with minimal sample handling. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed the existence of dense granules within the bacterial cells, while EDS identified large amounts of sulfur within them. EDS mapping localized the sulfur to these granules. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the bacteria detected in our samples belonged to the genus Chromatium, which are sulfur oxidizers. Thus, EDS mapping made it possible to identify sulfur oxidizers in environmental samples based on localized sulfur within their cells, within a short time(within 24 h of sampling). This technique has wide ranging applications for detection of sulfur bacteria in environmental water samples.
文摘With the development and reform of water price policy, the most common view is that the total cost of water price can reflect the tradable traits of water resources, which can enhance the water use efficiency and achieve water resources sustainable utilization. Besides in actual pricing operation, from the angle of protection cost, water price characterizes the cost of controlling pollution and protecting water environment. Based on the two factors of water environment capacity and ecological water consumption embodied by the environment water price, this paper puts forward an effective environmental water price calculation model based on three elements of sewage treatment fee, ecological water price and water quality maintenance fee. And this paper takes the data of Hefei as an example, calculates reasonable environmental price, comparing which with the existing price, and finds the main existing problem which needs to be solved urgently in management.
基金supported by a grant from Chiang Mai University(Center of Excellence in Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses,RG37/2566)Chiang Mai,Thailand and the Thailand Science Research and Innovation(FF66/006).
文摘Noroviruses(NoVs)are the most significant viral pathogens associated with waterborne and foodborne outbreaks of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans worldwide.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and diversity of NoVs contaminated in the environmental water in Chiang Mai,Thailand.A total of 600 environmental water samples were collected from ten sampling sites in Chiang Mai from July 2020 to December 2022.The presence of NoV genogroups I(GI),GII,and GIV were examined using real-time RT-PCR assay.The genotype of the virus was determined by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.The results showed that NoV GI and GII were detected at 8.5%(51/600)and 11.7%(70/600)of the samples tested,respectively.However,NoV GIV was not detected in this study.NoV circulated throughout the year,with a higher detection rate during the winter season.Six NoV GI genotypes(GI.1-GI.6)and eight NoV GII genotypes(GII.2,GII.3,GII.7,GII.8,GII.10,GII.13,GII.17,and GII.21)were identified.Among 121 NoV strains detected,GII.17 was the most predominant genotype(24.8%,30 strains),followed by GII.2(21.5%,26 strains),GI.3(17.4%,21 strains),and GI.4(16.5%,20 strains).Notably,NoV GII.3,GII.7,GII.8,and GII.10 were detected for the first time in water samples in this area.This study provides insight into the occurrence and seasonal pattern of NoV along with novel findings of NoV strains in environmental water in Thailand during the COVID-19 outbreak.Our findings emphasize the importance of further surveillance studies to monitor viral contamination in environmental water.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3901104).
文摘Water risk early warning systems based on the water environmental carrying capacity(WECC)are powerful and effective tools to guarantee the sustainability of rivers.Existing work on the early warning of WECC has mainly concerned the comprehensive evaluation of the status quo and lacked a quantitative prejudgement and warning of future overload.In addition,existing quantitative methods for short-term early warning have rarely focused on the integrated change trends of the early warning indicators.Given the periodicity of the socioeconomic system,however,the water environmental system also follows a trend of cyclical fluctuations.Thus,it is meaningful to monitor and use this periodicity for the early warning of the WECC.In this study,we first adopted and improved the prosperity index method to develop an integrated water risk early warning framework.We also constructed a forecast model to qualitatively and quantitatively prejudge and warn about the development trends of the water environmental system.We selected the North Canal Basin(an essential connection among the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region)in China as a case study and predicted the WECC in 25 water environmental management units of the basin in 2018–2023.We found that the analysis of the prosperity index was helpful in predicting the WECC,to some extent.The result demonstrated that the early warning system provided reliable prediction(root mean square error of 0.0651 and mean absolute error of 0.1418),and the calculation results of the comprehensive early warning index(CEWI)conformed to the actual situation and related research in the river basin.From 2008 to 2023,the WECC of most water environmental management units in the basin had improved but with some spatial differences:the CEWI was generally poor in areas with many human disturbances,while it was relatively good in the upstream regions with higher forest and grass covers as well as in the downstream areas with larger water volume.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of the indicators,we proposed specific management measures for the sustainability of the water environmental system in the North Canal Basin.Overall,the integrated water risk early warning framework could provide an appropriate method for the water environmental administration department to predict the WECC of the basin in the future.This framework could also assist in implementing corresponding management measures in advance,especially for the performance evaluation and the arrangement of key short-term tasks in the River Chief System in China.
基金Supported by Key Fields of Universities in Guangdong Province (Science and Technology Service for Rural Revitalization)(2021ZDZX4023)2021 Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Teaching Construction Project of Guangdong Province (Guangdong Education Gao Han [2021] 29)+1 种基金Zhaoqing University Quality Engineering and Teaching Reform Project (zlgc 201931)Zhaoqing University Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program in 2022 (X 202210580130)。
文摘In recent years, the beer industry is a biological food industry that consumes a lot of water, and it has developed rapidly in China. The sewage discharged from the mass production of beer poses a huge threat to the environment. In order to evaluate and better solve the possible environmental impacts of beer treatment engineering projects, a brewery project in Foshan City is taken as an example to investigate the water pollution generation links of the engineering process including surface water and groundwater. According to the relevant technical methods and standards, water pollution factors are screened, and concentration and discharge are monitored. Through comprehensive analysis, predictive evaluation is obtained. It is confirmed that the project meets the requirements of national laws and regulations and environmental protection standards.
文摘The small and scattered enterprise pattern in the county economy has formed numerous sporadic pollution sources, hindering the centralized treatment of the water environment, increasing the cost and difficulty of treatment. How enterprises can make reasonable decisions on their water environment behavior based on the external environment and their own factors is of great significance for scientifically and effectively designing water environment regulation mechanisms. Based on optimal control theory, this study investigates the design of contractual mechanisms for water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprise is regarded as an independent economic entity that can adopt optimal control strategies to maximize its own interests. Based on the participation of multiple subjects including the government, enterprises, and the public, an optimal control strategy model for enterprises under contractual water environmental regulation is constructed using optimal control theory, and a method for calculating the amount of unit pollutant penalties is derived. The water pollutant treatment cost data of a paper company is selected to conduct empirical numerical analysis on the model. The results show that the increase in the probability of government regulation and public participation, as well as the decrease in local government protection for enterprises, can achieve the same regulatory effect while reducing the number of administrative penalties per unit. Finally, the implementation process of contractual water environmental regulation for small and medium-sized enterprises is designed.
基金2023 Beilin District Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.GX2339)the 2024 Xi’an Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.24GXFW0065).
文摘In urban water ecological restoration projects,the selection and configuration of wetland plants are crucial for water quality improvement,ecological diversity enhancement,and landscape beautification.Different plants have different characteristics,and a scientific and rational selection and optimization of plant species is needed.This paper proposes an optimized plant selection and configuration scheme for urban water ecological restoration based on the ecological characteristics and pollutant removal performance of wetland plants.It analyzes the diversity,removal mechanisms,and configuration modes of wetland plants,taking into account ecology,aesthetics,and cost-effectiveness,to provide scientific evidence for wetland plant configuration and support water environment management decision-making.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Project of "the Eleventh Five-year Plan" of China (2006BAD17B07)Doctoral Fund of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2006YBS015)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to evaluate heavy metal environmental quality of irrigation water in vegetable farmlands of Shandong Province. [Method] Heavy metal contents including Hg,Cd,As,Cr (+6),Pb,Cu and Zn in irrigation water of main vegetable farmlands of Shandong Province were investigated by randomly sampling,and the environmental quality conditions of these heavy metals were evaluated by methods of single quality index and complex quality index. [Result] The results showed that the average contents of heavy metals in irrigation water of Shouguang,Laiyang,Jinxiang and Zhangqiu were all far lower than the limit values prescribed by 'Farmland Environmental Quality Evaluation Standards for Edible Agricultural Products' (HJ332-2006),and no heavy metal was found beyond the limit value in every sample. The single quality indices of the 7 elements in the studied 4 places were all lower than 0.5. The comprehensive quality index of the seven elements was 0.317 8 in Shouguang,0.320 4 in Laiyang,0.232 6 in Jinxiang,and 0.260 7 in Zhangqiu. The environmental quality of irrigation water in the studied four places were all set at the first class. [Conclusion] The environmental quality of irrigation water in the 4 places belonged to clean level and were fit for the plantation of no pollution vegetables.
基金Authors gratefully acknowledge the generous support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFE0112300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51678290,51438008 and 51778281)+3 种基金Jiangsu Natural Science Fund,China(No.B K 20171342)Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline(Laboratory)of China(No.Z D X K A 2016008)Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Project of China(No.Y2018081)The authors also thank Dr.Zhe Wang from Nanyang Technological University(Singapore)for his support on this project.
文摘In this study,a hydrophilic resin named GCHM was fabricated based on poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-codivinylbenzene),characterized,and applied as a solid-phase extraction(SPE)material.Up to 44 pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)belonging to 10 classes were recovered in environmental water samples.Different variables affecting extraction,such as adsorbent amount,sample pH,and loading speed,were optimized.Under optimal conditions,the average absolute recovgy of 44 PPCPs was 75.6%using GCHM,indicating a better performance than the commercial Oasis^HLB.SPE with home-made hydrophilic polymeric sorbent followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was validated,and the method achieved good linearity(r2>0.991,for all analytes).In addition,the method detection limits of target compounds ranged from 0.03 to 0.6 ng/L.The developed method was applied to determine PPCPs in 10 environmental water samples taken from the Yangtze River,Huaihe River,and Taihu Lake,1 groundwater sample from Changzhou in Jiangsu Province,1 wastewater sample from Xiamen and 2 seawater samples from the Jiulong River in Fujian Province,China.In these samples,22 compounds were determined at levels ranging from 0.5 to 1590 ng/L.
基金the major project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(no:15KJA610003)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(no.BK20160359)Natural Science and Technology Program on Water Pollution Control and Treatment(2017ZX07205-2).
文摘Acetonitrile inorganic salt aqueous two-phase extraction method was established for the determination of triazine herbicides(simeton,cyanazine,desmetryn,terbumeton,terbuthylazine and dimethametryn)in environmental water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The extraction solvents types and volume of acetonitrile,the inorganic salt types and amount of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),extraction time and pH of sample solution were optimized by single-factor experiment and central composite design.Under the optimum extraction conditions,all linear ranges were obtained with coefficients of determination(r)≥0.9993.The limits of detection for this proposed method were in the range of 0.16-0.28μg/L for six triazine herbicides.The developed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of target triazine herbicides from lake,canal and moat in real-world water samples.The recoveries of target analytes were in the range from 87.0 to 110.9%and the relative standard deviation was lower than 7.3%.
基金the Special Funds for Scientific Research of High-level Talents of Ankang University(No.2020 AKQDZR04)the Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province(No.2017001)the Shaanxi Provincial Innovation Experiment Program for University Students(No.S202011397059)for financial support.
文摘A new chemiluminescence(CL)reagent named 4-amino-5-thiocyanato-phthalyl-hydrazine(iso-luminol-SCN)is synthesized by the bromide-mediated substitution reaction of iso-luminol with sodium thiocyanate in dimethyl formamide(DMF)at room temperature.Strong CL is observed for iso-luminol-SCN oxidized by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in the presence of Fe^(2+),with the CL intensity strongly depending on the concentration of Fe^(2+)and being hardly interferred by other common metal ions.Based on this fact,a flow injection CL method is established for the high sensitive and selective determination of Fe^(2+).The CL intensity was linearly correlated with the concentration of Fe^(2+)in the range of 1.0×10^(–8) mol·L^(-1) to 1.0×10^(–5) mol·L^(-1) following the equation CLnet=166.3c+57.7(c,×10^(–6) mol·L^(-1);n=7;R2=0.9988).The detection limit is calculated to be 3.2×10–9 mol·L^(-1) Fe^(2+)based on the 3S0/K principle.The relative standard deviation(RSD)was 3.7%for 1.0×10^(–6) mol·L^(-1) Fe^(2+)(n=11),a support for the precision of Fe^(2+)measurement.The recoveries of Fe^(2+)were obtained in the range of 98.8%—101.6%in three real water samples,showing the applicability and reliability by the proposed method.The possible CL mechanism is proposed based on the kinetic characteristic of the CL reaction and the CL spectrum.
基金Key Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, KZ951-A1-203 Knowledge Innovation Project of Institute of Geographic Sciences and N
文摘In order to reduce the environmental and ecological problems induced by water resources development and utilization, this paper proposes a concept of environmental and ecological water requirement. It is defined as the minimum water amount to be consumed by the natural water bodies to conserve its environmental and ecological functions. Based on the definition, the methods on calculating the amount of environmental and ecological water requirement are determined. In the case study on Haihe-Luanhe river system, the water requirement is divided into three parts, i.e., the basic in-stream flow, water requirement for sediment transfer and water consumption by evaporation of the lakes or everglades. The results of the calculation show that the environmental and ecological water requirement in the river system is about 124×108 m3, including 57×108 m3 for basic in-stream flow, 63×108 m3 for sediment transfer and 4×108 m3 for net evaporation loss of lakes. The total amount of environmental and ecological water requirement accounts for 54% of the amount of runoff (228×108 m3). However, it should be realized that the amount of environmental and ecological water requirement must be more than that we have calculated. According to this result, we consider that the rational utilization rate of the runoff in the river systems must not be more than 40%. Since the current utilization rate of the river system, which is over 80%, has been far beyond the limitation, the problems of environment and ecology are quite serious. It is imperative to control and adjust water development and utilization to eliminate the existing problems and to avoid the potential ecological or environmental crisis.
基金Supported by National Key Project of Water Pollution Control and Management (2008zx07526-008-03)International Science and Technology Cooperation Project (2006DFB91920)+2 种基金National Key Technology R & D Program in the 11th Five-year Plan of China (2007BAB23CO2)National Natural Science Foundation of China (40672159)Technical Assistance Project of China's Economic Reform Implementation (TCC5jxspyhzxh09-03)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the variation characteristics of water environmental capacity in Poyang Lake under the scheduling of Three Gorges Reservoir.[Method] Choosing chemical oxygen demand (COD),total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) as the control indexes of pollutants in Poyang Lake,the variation characteristics of water environmental capacity in Poyang Lake under the scheduling of Three Gorges Reservoir were analyzed based on the water environment mathematical models of organic compounds and nutrients.[Result] After the operation of Three Gorges Project,high water level in Poyang Lake lasted for a long time in flood season when Three Gorges Reservoir increased discharge volume,while water level went down obviously with the accelerating of recession flow when reservoir decreased discharge volume to store water,so Three Gorges Project had obvious effects on the hydrological regime of Poyang Lake.In 2009,when Three Gorges Reservoir stored water,the water environmental capacity of COD,TN and TP in Poyang Lake in October decreased by 14.0%,15.4% and 15.4% compared with those before operation,while they increased by 3.64%,4.88% and 4.88% in August when reservoir discharged water to prevent flood.[Conclusion] The study could provide scientific foundation for the water pollution control and water environment management of lakes.
基金Project 2004-295 supported by the Trans-century Scientific Great Project of Ministry of Education of China
文摘For our investigation into the water quality in Yulin city, we collected 76 typical water samples to be tested for particle quality. By applying a Romani type classification method the groundwater of Yulin city was classified into nine categories by type, i.e., Ca-HCO3, Na-HCO3, Na-HCO3-SO4-Cl, Na-HCO3-SO4, Na-Cl, Na-Cl-HCO3, Na-Ca- HCO3, Ca-Cl-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3-SO4-Cl. A principal component analysis was carried out in order to analyze the groundwater environment. From this analysis we considered that the information collected could be represented by 21 indices from which we extracted seven principal components, which, respectively, accounted for 37.4%, 13.0%, 8.1%, 7.2%, 6.3%, 5.9% and 4.6% of the total variation. The results show that the groundwater environment of this region is largely determined by characteristic components of the natural groundwater background. One part of the water was polluted by leaching/eluviation of solid waste generated from coal mining. Another part of the ground water was contaminated by acid mine water from the coal layer and from improper irrigation. In addition, geological and hydrogeological conditions also cause changes in the water environment.
文摘This paper analyzes the characteristics of water environmental planning in New Zone for EconomicTechnological Development (NZETD) in China and presents the task, procedure and method of the planning study Based on these analyses, the concept of Water Environmental Support Capacity (WESC) is put forward and the corresponding quantitative method is proposed to achieve the objective of coordinating the relationship between water environment and economic development As a case study, a comprehensive analysis and integrated water pollution control planning are made for the New Zone of EconomicTechnological Development in Benxi City in China Based on the costbenefit analysis and feasibility study of the planning alternatives, the comprehensive indexes of WESC are calculated and applied to evaluate the water pollution control planning alternatives
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Benefiting Plan Project,China(S2013GMD100042)
文摘Water environmental capacity is the important basis to set local and professional emission standards for waters, and is also the work basis of ecological planning. Firstly, the general information of river system in Shennongjia was introduced. Then, the concept and general model of water environmental capacity were elaborated. Finally, we used the analytical solution to estimate the water environmental capacities of COD and NH3-N in Shennongjia, and concrete measures for water environmental protection were put forward.
文摘[Objeetive] We aimed to calculate the flow of controlling units in a small watershed based on GIS technology. [Method] Hydrologic analysis on Qingyi River was conducted by using ArcGIS9.0, and the controlling units with response of water-land were divided according to the riv- er monitoring sections of Xuchang City; considering the wastewater entering the river and the water from its upper reach, the runoff of controlling sections in the driest month （ with guarantee rate of 90% ） was calculated by means of isoline, runoff coefficient and hydrologic analogy method, and the calculated value of Gaocun Bridge section in Linying was contrasted with the measured value in 2010. [Result] The results showed that the cal- culated value and measured value of Gaecun Bridge section in Linying in the driest month of 2010 were 6.03 and 5.93 m^3/s respectively, with relative error of 1.69%, which revealed that the result of calculated runoff was reasonable. [ Conclusion] The way to divide controlling units was reason- able, and the calculation result of runoff was accurate and can meet the precision of water environment capacity calculation.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province No.Z2000E01
文摘Through high-resolution research of sedimental chronology and the sediment environmental indexes, such as graininess, minerals, magnetic parameters, pigment content, organic carbon and chronology in Ds-core and Ws-core in Nansihu Lake, the authors analyze the formation cause of the Nansihu Lake and its water environmental changes. Historical documents are also analyzed here in order to reach the conclusion. Researches indicate that the Nansihu Lake came into being about 2500 aBP and its evolution succession can be divided into four stages. In this evolution process, several scattered lakes merge into one large lake in the east of China. This process is distinctively affected by the overflow of the Yellow River, the excavation of the Grand Canal and other human activities.
文摘Appreciable amounts of selenium in spring and well waters can be found due to geological occurrence. Concentrations of as much as 400 9000 μg/l have been reported in U. S. waters.These levels are 8 to 180 times the current EPA drinking water standard and approximate dietary exposures of 4900μg in selenosis regions of China. Reviews of health significance of the elevated drinking water exposures to U. S. populations revealed elevated concentrations of selenium in urine and blood. A decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity in such instances was noted. However noticeable symptoms and signs seem absent in studies reviewed. A comparison of intake levels (diet or drinking water) to urinary excretion for residents of China and the U. S. produced a correlation coefficient, r = 0. 82 (P < 0. 01 ) for the three research studies available
