Relapse prevention remains a major challenge in psychiatry,thus indicating that the established treatment methods combining psychotherapy with neuropharmacological interventions are not entirely effective.In recent ye...Relapse prevention remains a major challenge in psychiatry,thus indicating that the established treatment methods combining psychotherapy with neuropharmacological interventions are not entirely effective.In recent years,several intervention strategies have been devised that are aimed at improving psychiatric treatment by providing a complementary set of add-on tools that can be used by clinicians to improve current patient assessment.Among these,cognitive eventrelated potentials(ERPs)have been indexed as valuable biomarkers of the pathophysiological mechanisms of various mental illnesses.However,despite decades of research,their clinical utility is still controversial and a matter of debate.In this opinion review,I present the main arguments supporting the use of cognitive ERPs in the management of psychiatric disorders,stressing why it is currently still not the case despite the vast number of ERP studies to date.I also propose a clinically-oriented suitable way in which this technique could—in my opinion—be effectively incorporated into individual patient care by promotion of the use of individual ERP test-retest sessions and the use of a multi-component approach.展开更多
The article presents an original method for the automatic assessment of the quality of event-related potentials(ERPs),based on the calculation of the coefficientε,which describes the compliance of recorded ERPs with ...The article presents an original method for the automatic assessment of the quality of event-related potentials(ERPs),based on the calculation of the coefficientε,which describes the compliance of recorded ERPs with some statistically significant parameters.This method was used to analyze the neuropsychological EEG monitoring of patients suffering from migraines.The frequency of migraine attacks was correlated with the spatial distribution of the coefficientsε,calculated for EEG channels.More than 15 migraine attacks per month was accompanied by an increase in calculated values in the occipital region.Patients with infrequent migraines exhibited maximum quality in the frontal areas.The automatic analysis of spatial maps of the coefficientεdemonstrated a statistically significant difference between the two analyzed groups with different means of migraine attack numbers per month.展开更多
Objective In this study,we aimed to assess the characteristics of the P3 component from an event-related potential(ERP)that was induced by visual acuity(VA)processing.Furthermore,we sought to provide electrophysiologi...Objective In this study,we aimed to assess the characteristics of the P3 component from an event-related potential(ERP)that was induced by visual acuity(VA)processing.Furthermore,we sought to provide electrophysiological evidence for the objective evaluation of VA.Methods We recruited 32 participants with myopia-related ametropia.They reported no other ocular diseases and had an uncorrected VA of 4.0 in both eyes.We used the block letter“E”at different visual angles and orientations as the graphic stimuli.The oddball paradigm,consisting of 4 modules,was used for ERP analysis.The standard stimuli of each module were identical,with a visual angle of 1°15′.The visual angles of the target stimuli were 1°15′,55′,24′,and 15′.The VA test was performed on each eye separately for all participants,and all characteristics of the P3 component were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 1°15′group and the 55′group,or between the target stimulation angle 24′group and the 15′group.There was a significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 1°15′group and the 24′group as well as the 15′group.There was a significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 55′group and the 24′group as well as the 15′group.No significant differences were observed in the P3 amplitude between modules.Conclusion In the oddball paradigm,P3 elicitation indicated a cognitive response to the target stimuli.These data showed that the characteristics of P3 can be used as an objective evaluation of VA.展开更多
In order to specify brain temporal dynamics difference between two representative puns, homonymic and semantic puns, alternate presentation of words and phrase(APWP) paradigm was proposed. The highlight of APWP paradi...In order to specify brain temporal dynamics difference between two representative puns, homonymic and semantic puns, alternate presentation of words and phrase(APWP) paradigm was proposed. The highlight of APWP paradigm is to make sentences strictly presented in word-phrase-word-phrase-word forms, which helps relieve visual fatigue of the monotonous presentation form and prevent disturbance by the settled position of the ending word. Following the APWP paradigm, participants are invited to read puns presenting in word-phrase-word-phrase-word forms. Meanwhile, event-related potential(ERP) was adopted to record their electroencephalogram(EEG) data. By observing two linguistic cognitive indexes of EEG data, N400 and P600 caused by puns, it was found that there were significant difference of logical mechanisms between homonymic and semantic puns. For homonymic puns, a significant P600 effect without any obvious N400 amplitude was elicited for the pronunciation of heterograph. For semantic puns, an apparent N400 amplitude might reflect ambiguities and comprehensive difficulty of a homonym into its discourse context. This study also conveyed that the APWP paradigm proved to be a good model for sentences research, which can be applied to other linguistic phenomena of complete context, such as metaphor, irony and jokes, sentence pattern and syntactic research.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to explore the orthographic processing of simplified Chinese characters in developmental dyslexic children in Kashgar,Xinjiang,China,and provide a theoretical basis for intervention strategi...Objective:This study aimed to explore the orthographic processing of simplified Chinese characters in developmental dyslexic children in Kashgar,Xinjiang,China,and provide a theoretical basis for intervention strategies for developmental dyslexia in Chinese.Methods:Using event-related potential(ERP)measures,18 developmental dyslexic children and 23 typically developing children performed a character decision task with three types of stimuli:real characters(RCs),pseudocharacters(PCs),and noncharacters(NCs).Results:Behavioral results showed that the control children displayed a faster and higher accurate performance than the dyslexic children across PCs and NCs.ERP data revealed that the RCs and PCs elicited a stronger P200 than the NCs.Compared with the RCs and NCs,children in the control group showed more N400 negatives for PCs.It is worth mentioning that dyslexic children did not show any difference on N400,which reflected the insufficient orthographic processing of dyslexic children in China.Conclusion:These results show that Chinese dyslexic children had orthographic processing defects.展开更多
BACKGROUND: At present, central cholinergic neuron system is regarded the most major structural basis of cognitive function. Changes in structure of cholinergic neuron system of brain and receptor expression after bra...BACKGROUND: At present, central cholinergic neuron system is regarded the most major structural basis of cognitive function. Changes in structure of cholinergic neuron system of brain and receptor expression after brain injury can cause cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively observe the intelligence quotient (IQ), latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential and the difference of activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with non-diabetes mellitus, and analyze the correlation of IQ of cognitive impairment patients with diabetes mellitus with AChE activity, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential in cerebrospinal fluid. DESIGN: Correlation analysis of contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 32 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received the treatment in the Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College between April 2004 and April 2005 were recruited, serving as diabetes mellitus group. They, including 19 male and 13 female, aged 49 to 73 years, with disease course of 4 to 11 years, all met the diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus revised by World Health Organization in 1999. Another 30 patients with non-diabetes mellitus who homeochronously underwent lumbar anesthesia in the Department of Surgery and Department of Gynecology were recruited, serving as non-diabetes mellitus group. The 30 patients included 18 male and 12 female, and their age ranged from 46 to 71 years. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from the involved patients. METHODS: ① Evaluation on IQ: The IQ of involved subjects was evaluated with Chinese Version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale revised by Gong Yao-xian (WAIS-RC). WAIS-RC included 6 verbal subscales and 5 performance subscales. The test scores of the 11 subscales integrated into the scores of the whole scale, and the scores on the WAIS-RC included verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ) and full scale IQ (FIQ). FIQ ≤79 scores indicated low IQ and FIQ≤69 indicated intelligence impairment. ② Detection of P300 wave: P300 wave was detected with evoked potential instrument (MYTOPRO, Italian), and data of latent period and amplitude of P300 event-related potential were automatically shown by computer. ③ Detection of AChE activity in blood and cerebrospinal fluid: Activity of AChE of blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured with biochemical methods by using CORNING-560 autoanalyzer. ④Correlation analysis: Correlation of FIQ with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was analyzed. t test was used in intergroup comparison and linear correlation analysis for relevant treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups. ② Analysis on the correlation of FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients with diabetes mellitus and 30 non-diabetes mellitus participated in the result analysis. ① Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups: The scores of VIP, PIQ and FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were (97.4±10.4),(92.6±8.4) and (95.2±9.7) scores, respectively; and those of patients with non-diabetes mellitus were (104.7±9.6),(102.5±8.5)and(102.7±8.9) scores, respectively, and P < 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison. The latent period of P300 wave at points Fz , Cz and Pz of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (370.8±41.8),(371.5±39.1)and (375.1±43.1) ms, respectively, and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was (332.1±28.3),(335.7±29.4)and(339.7±27.3) ms, respectively, and P < 0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; Wave amplitude of P300 of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (8.6±4.1),(8.6±4.0) and(7.7±4.0) μV, respectively and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was (11.9±4.1),(11.5±4.4) and (10.9±5.0) μV, respectively , and P < 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; The level of AChE in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (235.61±50.34)and (17.89±4.46) μkat/L, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus [(205.03±44.15)and (14.63±0.48) μkat /L, respectively], and P < 0.05-0.01 was set in the intergroup comparison. ② Correlation of FIQ value of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave: The value of FIQ was significantly negatively correlated with the AChE activity of cerebrospinal fluid (r=-0.588 1, P < 0.01), significantly negatively correlated with the latent period at points Fz, C and Pz of P300 wave (r= -0.700 5, -0.689 4, -0.688 5, P < 0.01), and significantly positively correlated with the amplitude at points Fz , Cz and Pz of P300 wave(r= 0.607 4,0.616 1,0.592 0,P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ① Cognitive impairment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus might be related to the increase of activity of AChE in cerebrospinal fluid. ② Combined application of examination of P300 wave and evaluation of IQ is more useful in deciding the state of cognitive function of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.展开更多
The goal of the present study was to investigate age-related changes in attentional allocation for shared task representations during joint performance;event-related potentials were recorded while participants perform...The goal of the present study was to investigate age-related changes in attentional allocation for shared task representations during joint performance;event-related potentials were recorded while participants performed a modified visual three-stimulus oddball task, both alone and together with another participant. Younger adults and older adults (14 each) participated in the study. Participants were required to identify rare target stimuli while ignoring frequent standards, as well as rare non-targets assigned to a partner’s action (<i>i.e</i>., no-go stimuli for one’s own task). ERP component, nogo-P3 and P3b were measured to investigate the inhibition and the attentional allocation to the partner’s stimuli. Results showed that younger adults elicited larger frontal nogo P3 and parietal P3b for non-targets in the joint than in the individual condition. Contrary to expectation, older adults induced frontal no-go P3 in the joint condition not in the individual condition. In the sharing of the task with another, the result suggested that the efficiency of matching of incoming information with the representation of the other’s task declined with age, whereas aging did not affect the suppression of incorrect preparation of motor responses instigated by this representation.</i.i.e.<>展开更多
Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental health.To overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention net...Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental health.To overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention network task.This task allowed us to differentiate between three specific aspects of attention:alerting,orienting,and execution.Forty-one participants under chronic stress and 31 non-stressed participants were enrolled.On the performance level,the chronically stressed group showed a significantly slower task response and lower accuracy.Concerning ERP measures,smaller cue-N1,cueN2,and larger cue-P3 amplitudes were found in the stressed group,indicating that this group was less able to assign attention to effective information,i.e.,they made inefficient use of cues and had difficulty in maintaining alerting.In addition,the stressed group showed larger target-N2 amplitudes,indicating that this group needed to allocate more cognitive resources to deal with the conflict targets task.Subgroup analysis revealed lower target-P3 amplitudes in the stressed than in the non-stressed group.Group differences associated with the attention networks were found at the ERP level.In the stressed group,excessive depletion of resources led to changes in attention control.In this study,we examined the effects of chronic stress on individual executive function from a neurological perspective.The results may benefit the development of interventions to improve executive function in chronically stressed individuals.展开更多
Language difficulties vary widely among people with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,the semantic processing of autistic person and its underlying electrophysiological mechanism are still unclear.This meta-analys...Language difficulties vary widely among people with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,the semantic processing of autistic person and its underlying electrophysiological mechanism are still unclear.This meta-analysis aimed to explore the disturbance of semantic processing in patients with ASD.PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase were searched for eventrelated potential(ERP)studies on semantic processing in autistic people published in English before September 01,2022.Pooled estimates were calculated by fixed-effects or random-effects models according to the heterogeneity using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0.The potential moderators were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis.This meta-analysis has been registered at the Prospero International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(no.CRD 42021265852).A total of 14 articles and 18 studies,including 254 autistic people and 262 neurodevelopmental people were included in this meta-analysis.Compared to the comparison group,autistic people showed an overall reduced N400 amplitude(Hedges’g=0.350,p<0.001)in response to linguistic stimuli instead of non-linguistic stimuli.The N400 amplitude was affected by verbal intelligence and gender.The reduced overall N400 amplitude in autistic people under linguistic stimuli suggests a linguistic-specific deficit in semantic processing in individuals of autism.The decrease of N400 amplitude might be a promising indication of the pool language capacity of autism.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to investigate the emotion regulation effect of Baduanjin Qigong on college students.Methods:The late positive potential(LPP)components were recorded while performing emotional pictures from...Objective:This study aimed to investigate the emotion regulation effect of Baduanjin Qigong on college students.Methods:The late positive potential(LPP)components were recorded while performing emotional pictures from 12 college students with Baduanjin Qigong experience and 12 with no experience of any mind–body exercises.Results:Under positive emotional stimuli,greater LPP amplitudes were observed in the experimental group in the frontal,central,and temporal areas than in the control group.Under negative emotional stimuli,greater LPP amplitudes were found in the experimental group in the prefrontal area and smaller amplitudes in the occipital area than in the control group.Conclusion:The results reveal the emotion regulation effect on the event-related potential of Baduanjin Qigong to college students.The findings suggest that the regulatory effect of Baduanjin Qigong on emotional stimulation may be a possible reason for reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety.展开更多
Mental workload is considered to be strongly linked to human performance,and the ability to measure it accurately is key for balancing human health and work.In this study,brain signals were elicited by mental arithmet...Mental workload is considered to be strongly linked to human performance,and the ability to measure it accurately is key for balancing human health and work.In this study,brain signals were elicited by mental arithmetic tasks of varying difficulty to stimulate different levels of mental workload.In addition,a finite impulse response(FIR)filter,independent component analysis(ICA),and multiple artifact rejection algorithms(MARAs)were used to filter event-related potentials(ERPs).Then,the data consisting of ERPs,subjective ratings of mental workload,and task performance,were analyzed through the use of variance and Spearman’s correlation during a simulated computer task.We found that participants responded faster and performed better in the easy task condition,followed by the medium and high-difficulty conditions,which verifies the validity of the ERP filtering.Moreover,larger P2 and P3 waveforms were evoked as the task difficulty increased,and a higher task difficulty elicited a more enhanced N300.Correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between the amplitude of P3 and the subjective ratings,and a positive relationship between the P3 amplitude and accuracy.The results presented in this paper demonstrate that a combination of FIR,ICA,and MARA methods can filter ERPs in the non-invasive real-time measurement of workload.Additionally,frontocentral P2,N3,and parietal P3 components showed differences between genders.The proposed measurement of mental workload can be useful for real-time identification of mental states and can be applied to human-computer interaction in the future.展开更多
Background:Accumulating evidence suggests that sports participation promotes the development of inhibitory control,but the influences of the sports category and inhibition type still remain unclear.The categorization ...Background:Accumulating evidence suggests that sports participation promotes the development of inhibitory control,but the influences of the sports category and inhibition type still remain unclear.The categorization of sports based on the open-skill(externally paced)and closed-skill(self-paced)continuum allows for the integration of the environment as a factor contributing to sports-related benefits for inhibitory control.Methods:Cross-sectional data from different studies were combined(n=184)to examine the association between open-and closed-skill sports and cognitive control processes related to interference control and response inhibition.Participants(aged 9-14 years)filled in 7-day physical activity recall protocols and completed a Stroop Color-Word or a Go/NoGo task.The N200,N450,and P300 components of event-related potentials elicited by these tasks were recorded using electroencephalography.Results:Partial correlations supported the belief that time spent in open-skill sports was related to higher performance on inhibition trials.Additionally,path analyses revealed an association between this sports type and a greater negativity in the N200 and N450 amplitudes in both the full sample and group-level analyses.In contrast,no relation was found between sports type and P300 amplitude.Conclusion:The findings suggest that only the engagement in open-skill sports is associated with more effective conflict monitoring and higher performance on tasks demanding inhibitory control.展开更多
Objective:To test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians and non-musicians.Design:Mismatch negativity(MMN) was recorded to test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination s...Objective:To test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians and non-musicians.Design:Mismatch negativity(MMN) was recorded to test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills with a pair of stimuli of /1000 Hz/ and/1100 Hz/,with /1000 Hz/ as the frequent stimulus and /1100 Hz/ as the infrequent stimulus.Onset,offset and peak latencies were the considered latency parameters,whereas peak amplitude and area under the curve were considered for amplitude analysis.Study sample:Exactly 50 participants,out of which the experimental group had 25 adult Indian classical vocal musicians and 25 age-matched non-musicians served as the control group,were included in the study.Experimental group participants had a minimum professional music experience in Indian classic vocal music of 10 years.However,control group participants did not have any formal training in music.Results:Descriptive statistics showed better waveform morphology in the experimental group as compared to the control.MANOVA showed significantly better onset latency,peak amplitude and area under the curve in the experimental group but no significant difference in the offset and peak latencies between the two groups.Conclusion:The present study probably points towards the enhancement of pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians compared to non-musicians.It indicates that Indian classical musical training enhances pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in musicians,leading to higher peak amplitude and a greater area under the curve compared to non-musicians.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the influence of qigong on late positive potential,which was elicited by affective pictures.Methods:College students who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly allocated to the ...Objective:To investigate the influence of qigong on late positive potential,which was elicited by affective pictures.Methods:College students who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly allocated to the qigong group,which received a four-week training(n=41)or the control group(n=41).All participants were assessed before and after the training for event-related potential,which was elicited by negative,neutral,and positive pictures.Electrodes at the centerline position of the frontal area(FCz),parietal area(Pz),and occipital area(Oz)were analyzed.Results:Negative,neutral,and positive pictures demonstrated statistically significant differences on FCz(P<.001),Pz(P<.001),and Oz(P<.001).The interaction between the group factor and time factor was statistically significant on Pz(P<.028).The pairwise comparison of Pz on the time factor and group factor showed that the amplitudes of the qigong group after training were smaller than before(P<.001),and the amplitudes of the control group were not statistically significant(P?.355).Conclusion:Our results supported the conclusion that qigong practices could affect the emotional regulation of college students.Qigong exercise weakens the emotional regulation of late positive potential,which is sensitive to top-down affective modulation.The findings imply that the regulating effect of qigong on emotions may be part of the reason why it is effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms.展开更多
Depression is a common mental disor-der with low mood,loss of interest and pleasure as main symptoms.Because of depending on the subjective diag-nosis of psychiatrists,its diagnosis is no reliable objective basis.P300...Depression is a common mental disor-der with low mood,loss of interest and pleasure as main symptoms.Because of depending on the subjective diag-nosis of psychiatrists,its diagnosis is no reliable objective basis.P300 research findings can be used as an objective diagnostic indicator for patients.This paper mainly intro-duces the current research status of event-related poten-tials for depression and introduces the scientific research and clinical significance of P300 for depression.展开更多
Vagus nerve stimulation(VNS)is an important treatment option for drug-refractory epilepsy(DRE),with well-established efficacy and safety in clinical practice for more than 20 years.However,it is very difficult to find...Vagus nerve stimulation(VNS)is an important treatment option for drug-refractory epilepsy(DRE),with well-established efficacy and safety in clinical practice for more than 20 years.However,it is very difficult to find the optimal electrophysiological indicators for the effectiveness of VNS on DRE because the mechanism of action is unknown.In this review,we provide an update of the potential applications of VNS outcomes in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.Electroencephalographic(EEG)activity,event-related potentials,EEG synchronization levels,magnetoencephalographic,laryngeal muscle evoked potentials,and heart rate variability are potential biomarkers for VNS outcomes in people with DRE.展开更多
Purpose Phantom eye pain(PEP)is a major clinical problem after eye removal with no standard treatment protocol to date.As pain is a multidimensional experience associated with emotional and cognitive components,this s...Purpose Phantom eye pain(PEP)is a major clinical problem after eye removal with no standard treatment protocol to date.As pain is a multidimensional experience associated with emotional and cognitive components,this study aimed to explore the possible neuropsychological mechanisms of PEP in a perspective of emotional cognition,in order to provide a basis for clinical treatment.Methods Visual oddball event-related potentials(ERPs)under different external emotional stimuli(Disgust,Fear,Sadness,Happiness,Erotica and Neutral)were tested in 12 patients and 12 healthy volunteers.Participants'affective states were measured with the Mood Disorder Questionnaire(MDQ),the Hypomania Checklist-32(HCL-32),and the Plutchik–van Praag Depression Inventory(PVP).The amplitudes and latencies of N1,P2,N2 and P3 components were analyzed by three-way ANOVA,i.e.,group(2)×emotion(6)×electrode(3).Multiple comparisons were performed using Bonferroni's test.Results Longer N1 latencies,increased N1 amplitudes;shorter P2 latencies under Disgust and Happiness,decreased P2 amplitudes;shorter N2 latencies under Erotica,increased N2 amplitudes were found in patients compared with controls.There was no main effect of group or interaction effect on P3 latencies and P3 amplitudes.The MDQ and HCL-32 scores were lower,and the N1 latencies under Sadness were negatively correlated with PVP scores in patients.Conclusions PEP patients showed reversed patterns in exogenous attention allocation and enhanced involuntary attention to emotional stimuli compared with controls.This study demonstrated cortical processing of emotions in PEP patients and could provide a basis for developing emotional intervention therapy.展开更多
The ability to discriminate species and recognize individuals is crucial for reproductive success and/or survival in most animals.However,the temporal order and neural localization of these decision-making processes h...The ability to discriminate species and recognize individuals is crucial for reproductive success and/or survival in most animals.However,the temporal order and neural localization of these decision-making processes has remained unclear.In this study,event-related potentials(ERPs)were measured in the telencephalon,diencephalon,and mesencephalon of the music frog Nidirana daunchina.These ERPs were elicited by calls from 1 group of heterospecifics(recorded from a sympatric anuran species)and 2 groups of conspecifics that differed in their fundamental frequencies.In terms of the polarity and position within the ERP waveform,auditory ERPs generally consist of 4 main components that link to selective attention(N1),stimulus evaluation(P2),identification(N2),and classification(P3).These occur around 100,200,250,and 300 ms after stimulus onset,respectively.Our results show that the N1 amplitudes differed significantly between the heterospecific and conspecific calls,but not between the 2 groups of conspecific calls that differed in fundamental frequency.On the other hand,the N2 amplitudes were significantly different between the 2 groups of conspecific calls,suggesting that the music frogs discriminated the species first,followed by individual identification,since N1 and N2 relate to selective attention and stimuli identification,respectively.Moreover,the P2 amplitudes evoked in females were significantly greater than those in males,indicating the existence of sexual dimorphism in auditory discrimination.In addition,both the N1 amplitudes in the left diencephalon and the P2 amplitudes in the left telencephalon were greater than in other brain areas,suggesting left hemispheric dominance in auditory perception.Taken together,our results support the hypothesis that species discrimination and identification of individual characteristics are accomplished sequentially,and that auditory perception exhibits differences between sexes and in spatial dominance.展开更多
Background: Although growing evidence links beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neuronal hyperexcitability in preclinical mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a similar association in humans is yet to be established. The fir...Background: Although growing evidence links beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neuronal hyperexcitability in preclinical mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a similar association in humans is yet to be established. The first aim of the study was to determine the association between elevated Aβ (Aβ+) and cognitive processes measured by the P3 event-related potential (ERP) in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. The second aim was to compare the event- related power between CNAβ+ and CNAβ−. Methods: Seventeen CNAβ+ participants (age: 73 ± 5, 11 females, Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score 26 ± 2) and 17 CNAβ- participants group-matched for age, sex, and MOCA completed a working memory task (n-back with n = 0, 1, 2) test while wearing a 256-channel electro-encephalography net. P3 peak amplitude and latency of the target, nontarget and task difference effect (nontarget−target), and event-related power in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, extracted from Fz, Cz, and Pz, were compared between groups using linear mixed models. P3 ampli-tude of the task difference effect at Fz and event-related power in the delta band were considered main outcomes. Correlations of mean Aβ standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) using positron emission tomography with P3 amplitude and latency of the task difference effect were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient r. Results: The P3 peak amplitude of the task difference effect at Fz was lower in the CNAβ+ group (P = 0.048). Simi-larly, power was lower in the delta band for nontargets at Fz in the CNAβ+ participants (P = 0.04). The CNAβ+ partici-pants also demonstrated higher theta and alpha power in channels at Cz and Pz, but no changes in P3 ERP. Strong correlations were found between the mean Aβ SUVR and the latency of the 1-back (r = − 0.69;P = 0.003) and 2-back (r = − 0.69;P = 0.004) of the task difference effect at channel Fz in the CNAβ+ group. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the elevated amyloid in cognitively normal older adults is associated with neuronal hyperexcitability. The decreased P3 task difference likely reflects early impairments in working memory processes. Further research is warranted to determine the validity of ERP in predicting clinical, neurobiological, and functional manifestations of AD.展开更多
基金I thank the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research(F.N.R.S.,Belgium)the Brugmann Foundation(CHU Brugmann,Brussels,Belgium).A special thanks also to all collaborators of my EEG team(Kajosch H,Hanard F,Schroder E,Dousset C and Ingels A)to Guérit JM and Debatisse D who were my mentors in using ERPs,and to Boutros N and Otte G for their support on this topic.
文摘Relapse prevention remains a major challenge in psychiatry,thus indicating that the established treatment methods combining psychotherapy with neuropharmacological interventions are not entirely effective.In recent years,several intervention strategies have been devised that are aimed at improving psychiatric treatment by providing a complementary set of add-on tools that can be used by clinicians to improve current patient assessment.Among these,cognitive eventrelated potentials(ERPs)have been indexed as valuable biomarkers of the pathophysiological mechanisms of various mental illnesses.However,despite decades of research,their clinical utility is still controversial and a matter of debate.In this opinion review,I present the main arguments supporting the use of cognitive ERPs in the management of psychiatric disorders,stressing why it is currently still not the case despite the vast number of ERP studies to date.I also propose a clinically-oriented suitable way in which this technique could—in my opinion—be effectively incorporated into individual patient care by promotion of the use of individual ERP test-retest sessions and the use of a multi-component approach.
基金partially supported by the Russian Federation Government Grant No.075-15-2022-1094(clinical data processing)supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in the framework of the state assignment(FSRR-2020-0003)partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(20-02-00752).
文摘The article presents an original method for the automatic assessment of the quality of event-related potentials(ERPs),based on the calculation of the coefficientε,which describes the compliance of recorded ERPs with some statistically significant parameters.This method was used to analyze the neuropsychological EEG monitoring of patients suffering from migraines.The frequency of migraine attacks was correlated with the spatial distribution of the coefficientsε,calculated for EEG channels.More than 15 migraine attacks per month was accompanied by an increase in calculated values in the occipital region.Patients with infrequent migraines exhibited maximum quality in the frontal areas.The automatic analysis of spatial maps of the coefficientεdemonstrated a statistically significant difference between the two analyzed groups with different means of migraine attack numbers per month.
基金This project was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period(No.2016YFC0800701-4-2).
文摘Objective In this study,we aimed to assess the characteristics of the P3 component from an event-related potential(ERP)that was induced by visual acuity(VA)processing.Furthermore,we sought to provide electrophysiological evidence for the objective evaluation of VA.Methods We recruited 32 participants with myopia-related ametropia.They reported no other ocular diseases and had an uncorrected VA of 4.0 in both eyes.We used the block letter“E”at different visual angles and orientations as the graphic stimuli.The oddball paradigm,consisting of 4 modules,was used for ERP analysis.The standard stimuli of each module were identical,with a visual angle of 1°15′.The visual angles of the target stimuli were 1°15′,55′,24′,and 15′.The VA test was performed on each eye separately for all participants,and all characteristics of the P3 component were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 1°15′group and the 55′group,or between the target stimulation angle 24′group and the 15′group.There was a significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 1°15′group and the 24′group as well as the 15′group.There was a significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 55′group and the 24′group as well as the 15′group.No significant differences were observed in the P3 amplitude between modules.Conclusion In the oddball paradigm,P3 elicitation indicated a cognitive response to the target stimuli.These data showed that the characteristics of P3 can be used as an objective evaluation of VA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62036001)the National Social Science Major Foundation of China (15ZDB017)。
文摘In order to specify brain temporal dynamics difference between two representative puns, homonymic and semantic puns, alternate presentation of words and phrase(APWP) paradigm was proposed. The highlight of APWP paradigm is to make sentences strictly presented in word-phrase-word-phrase-word forms, which helps relieve visual fatigue of the monotonous presentation form and prevent disturbance by the settled position of the ending word. Following the APWP paradigm, participants are invited to read puns presenting in word-phrase-word-phrase-word forms. Meanwhile, event-related potential(ERP) was adopted to record their electroencephalogram(EEG) data. By observing two linguistic cognitive indexes of EEG data, N400 and P600 caused by puns, it was found that there were significant difference of logical mechanisms between homonymic and semantic puns. For homonymic puns, a significant P600 effect without any obvious N400 amplitude was elicited for the pronunciation of heterograph. For semantic puns, an apparent N400 amplitude might reflect ambiguities and comprehensive difficulty of a homonym into its discourse context. This study also conveyed that the APWP paradigm proved to be a good model for sentences research, which can be applied to other linguistic phenomena of complete context, such as metaphor, irony and jokes, sentence pattern and syntactic research.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81760597).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to explore the orthographic processing of simplified Chinese characters in developmental dyslexic children in Kashgar,Xinjiang,China,and provide a theoretical basis for intervention strategies for developmental dyslexia in Chinese.Methods:Using event-related potential(ERP)measures,18 developmental dyslexic children and 23 typically developing children performed a character decision task with three types of stimuli:real characters(RCs),pseudocharacters(PCs),and noncharacters(NCs).Results:Behavioral results showed that the control children displayed a faster and higher accurate performance than the dyslexic children across PCs and NCs.ERP data revealed that the RCs and PCs elicited a stronger P200 than the NCs.Compared with the RCs and NCs,children in the control group showed more N400 negatives for PCs.It is worth mentioning that dyslexic children did not show any difference on N400,which reflected the insufficient orthographic processing of dyslexic children in China.Conclusion:These results show that Chinese dyslexic children had orthographic processing defects.
基金the Grants from Department of Education of Shandong Province, No.J02K11
文摘BACKGROUND: At present, central cholinergic neuron system is regarded the most major structural basis of cognitive function. Changes in structure of cholinergic neuron system of brain and receptor expression after brain injury can cause cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively observe the intelligence quotient (IQ), latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential and the difference of activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with non-diabetes mellitus, and analyze the correlation of IQ of cognitive impairment patients with diabetes mellitus with AChE activity, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential in cerebrospinal fluid. DESIGN: Correlation analysis of contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 32 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received the treatment in the Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College between April 2004 and April 2005 were recruited, serving as diabetes mellitus group. They, including 19 male and 13 female, aged 49 to 73 years, with disease course of 4 to 11 years, all met the diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus revised by World Health Organization in 1999. Another 30 patients with non-diabetes mellitus who homeochronously underwent lumbar anesthesia in the Department of Surgery and Department of Gynecology were recruited, serving as non-diabetes mellitus group. The 30 patients included 18 male and 12 female, and their age ranged from 46 to 71 years. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from the involved patients. METHODS: ① Evaluation on IQ: The IQ of involved subjects was evaluated with Chinese Version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale revised by Gong Yao-xian (WAIS-RC). WAIS-RC included 6 verbal subscales and 5 performance subscales. The test scores of the 11 subscales integrated into the scores of the whole scale, and the scores on the WAIS-RC included verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ) and full scale IQ (FIQ). FIQ ≤79 scores indicated low IQ and FIQ≤69 indicated intelligence impairment. ② Detection of P300 wave: P300 wave was detected with evoked potential instrument (MYTOPRO, Italian), and data of latent period and amplitude of P300 event-related potential were automatically shown by computer. ③ Detection of AChE activity in blood and cerebrospinal fluid: Activity of AChE of blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured with biochemical methods by using CORNING-560 autoanalyzer. ④Correlation analysis: Correlation of FIQ with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was analyzed. t test was used in intergroup comparison and linear correlation analysis for relevant treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups. ② Analysis on the correlation of FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients with diabetes mellitus and 30 non-diabetes mellitus participated in the result analysis. ① Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups: The scores of VIP, PIQ and FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were (97.4±10.4),(92.6±8.4) and (95.2±9.7) scores, respectively; and those of patients with non-diabetes mellitus were (104.7±9.6),(102.5±8.5)and(102.7±8.9) scores, respectively, and P < 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison. The latent period of P300 wave at points Fz , Cz and Pz of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (370.8±41.8),(371.5±39.1)and (375.1±43.1) ms, respectively, and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was (332.1±28.3),(335.7±29.4)and(339.7±27.3) ms, respectively, and P < 0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; Wave amplitude of P300 of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (8.6±4.1),(8.6±4.0) and(7.7±4.0) μV, respectively and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was (11.9±4.1),(11.5±4.4) and (10.9±5.0) μV, respectively , and P < 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; The level of AChE in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (235.61±50.34)and (17.89±4.46) μkat/L, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus [(205.03±44.15)and (14.63±0.48) μkat /L, respectively], and P < 0.05-0.01 was set in the intergroup comparison. ② Correlation of FIQ value of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave: The value of FIQ was significantly negatively correlated with the AChE activity of cerebrospinal fluid (r=-0.588 1, P < 0.01), significantly negatively correlated with the latent period at points Fz, C and Pz of P300 wave (r= -0.700 5, -0.689 4, -0.688 5, P < 0.01), and significantly positively correlated with the amplitude at points Fz , Cz and Pz of P300 wave(r= 0.607 4,0.616 1,0.592 0,P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ① Cognitive impairment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus might be related to the increase of activity of AChE in cerebrospinal fluid. ② Combined application of examination of P300 wave and evaluation of IQ is more useful in deciding the state of cognitive function of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
文摘The goal of the present study was to investigate age-related changes in attentional allocation for shared task representations during joint performance;event-related potentials were recorded while participants performed a modified visual three-stimulus oddball task, both alone and together with another participant. Younger adults and older adults (14 each) participated in the study. Participants were required to identify rare target stimuli while ignoring frequent standards, as well as rare non-targets assigned to a partner’s action (<i>i.e</i>., no-go stimuli for one’s own task). ERP component, nogo-P3 and P3b were measured to investigate the inhibition and the attentional allocation to the partner’s stimuli. Results showed that younger adults elicited larger frontal nogo P3 and parietal P3b for non-targets in the joint than in the individual condition. Contrary to expectation, older adults induced frontal no-go P3 in the joint condition not in the individual condition. In the sharing of the task with another, the result suggested that the efficiency of matching of incoming information with the representation of the other’s task declined with age, whereas aging did not affect the suppression of incorrect preparation of motor responses instigated by this representation.</i.i.e.<>
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771237 and 81773140)the Foundation and Advanced Research Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(cstc2017shmsA130007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(SWU1709106)。
文摘Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental health.To overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention network task.This task allowed us to differentiate between three specific aspects of attention:alerting,orienting,and execution.Forty-one participants under chronic stress and 31 non-stressed participants were enrolled.On the performance level,the chronically stressed group showed a significantly slower task response and lower accuracy.Concerning ERP measures,smaller cue-N1,cueN2,and larger cue-P3 amplitudes were found in the stressed group,indicating that this group was less able to assign attention to effective information,i.e.,they made inefficient use of cues and had difficulty in maintaining alerting.In addition,the stressed group showed larger target-N2 amplitudes,indicating that this group needed to allocate more cognitive resources to deal with the conflict targets task.Subgroup analysis revealed lower target-P3 amplitudes in the stressed than in the non-stressed group.Group differences associated with the attention networks were found at the ERP level.In the stressed group,excessive depletion of resources led to changes in attention control.In this study,we examined the effects of chronic stress on individual executive function from a neurological perspective.The results may benefit the development of interventions to improve executive function in chronically stressed individuals.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Number 2021ZD0202004).
文摘Language difficulties vary widely among people with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,the semantic processing of autistic person and its underlying electrophysiological mechanism are still unclear.This meta-analysis aimed to explore the disturbance of semantic processing in patients with ASD.PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase were searched for eventrelated potential(ERP)studies on semantic processing in autistic people published in English before September 01,2022.Pooled estimates were calculated by fixed-effects or random-effects models according to the heterogeneity using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0.The potential moderators were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis.This meta-analysis has been registered at the Prospero International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(no.CRD 42021265852).A total of 14 articles and 18 studies,including 254 autistic people and 262 neurodevelopmental people were included in this meta-analysis.Compared to the comparison group,autistic people showed an overall reduced N400 amplitude(Hedges’g=0.350,p<0.001)in response to linguistic stimuli instead of non-linguistic stimuli.The N400 amplitude was affected by verbal intelligence and gender.The reduced overall N400 amplitude in autistic people under linguistic stimuli suggests a linguistic-specific deficit in semantic processing in individuals of autism.The decrease of N400 amplitude might be a promising indication of the pool language capacity of autism.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(81473746)the General Administration of Sport of China(QG2014017)。
文摘Objective:This study aimed to investigate the emotion regulation effect of Baduanjin Qigong on college students.Methods:The late positive potential(LPP)components were recorded while performing emotional pictures from 12 college students with Baduanjin Qigong experience and 12 with no experience of any mind–body exercises.Results:Under positive emotional stimuli,greater LPP amplitudes were observed in the experimental group in the frontal,central,and temporal areas than in the control group.Under negative emotional stimuli,greater LPP amplitudes were found in the experimental group in the prefrontal area and smaller amplitudes in the occipital area than in the control group.Conclusion:The results reveal the emotion regulation effect on the event-related potential of Baduanjin Qigong to college students.The findings suggest that the regulatory effect of Baduanjin Qigong on emotional stimulation may be a possible reason for reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71801002,71701003)the Humanities and Social Science Fund of the Ministry of Education of China(No.18YJC630023)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.1808085QG228)the Postdoctoral Program of Liaoning Province.
文摘Mental workload is considered to be strongly linked to human performance,and the ability to measure it accurately is key for balancing human health and work.In this study,brain signals were elicited by mental arithmetic tasks of varying difficulty to stimulate different levels of mental workload.In addition,a finite impulse response(FIR)filter,independent component analysis(ICA),and multiple artifact rejection algorithms(MARAs)were used to filter event-related potentials(ERPs).Then,the data consisting of ERPs,subjective ratings of mental workload,and task performance,were analyzed through the use of variance and Spearman’s correlation during a simulated computer task.We found that participants responded faster and performed better in the easy task condition,followed by the medium and high-difficulty conditions,which verifies the validity of the ERP filtering.Moreover,larger P2 and P3 waveforms were evoked as the task difficulty increased,and a higher task difficulty elicited a more enhanced N300.Correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between the amplitude of P3 and the subjective ratings,and a positive relationship between the P3 amplitude and accuracy.The results presented in this paper demonstrate that a combination of FIR,ICA,and MARA methods can filter ERPs in the non-invasive real-time measurement of workload.Additionally,frontocentral P2,N3,and parietal P3 components showed differences between genders.The proposed measurement of mental workload can be useful for real-time identification of mental states and can be applied to human-computer interaction in the future.
基金funded by the Opo Foundation(No.2018-39)the Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft Basel(No.201811)。
文摘Background:Accumulating evidence suggests that sports participation promotes the development of inhibitory control,but the influences of the sports category and inhibition type still remain unclear.The categorization of sports based on the open-skill(externally paced)and closed-skill(self-paced)continuum allows for the integration of the environment as a factor contributing to sports-related benefits for inhibitory control.Methods:Cross-sectional data from different studies were combined(n=184)to examine the association between open-and closed-skill sports and cognitive control processes related to interference control and response inhibition.Participants(aged 9-14 years)filled in 7-day physical activity recall protocols and completed a Stroop Color-Word or a Go/NoGo task.The N200,N450,and P300 components of event-related potentials elicited by these tasks were recorded using electroencephalography.Results:Partial correlations supported the belief that time spent in open-skill sports was related to higher performance on inhibition trials.Additionally,path analyses revealed an association between this sports type and a greater negativity in the N200 and N450 amplitudes in both the full sample and group-level analyses.In contrast,no relation was found between sports type and P300 amplitude.Conclusion:The findings suggest that only the engagement in open-skill sports is associated with more effective conflict monitoring and higher performance on tasks demanding inhibitory control.
文摘Objective:To test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians and non-musicians.Design:Mismatch negativity(MMN) was recorded to test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills with a pair of stimuli of /1000 Hz/ and/1100 Hz/,with /1000 Hz/ as the frequent stimulus and /1100 Hz/ as the infrequent stimulus.Onset,offset and peak latencies were the considered latency parameters,whereas peak amplitude and area under the curve were considered for amplitude analysis.Study sample:Exactly 50 participants,out of which the experimental group had 25 adult Indian classical vocal musicians and 25 age-matched non-musicians served as the control group,were included in the study.Experimental group participants had a minimum professional music experience in Indian classic vocal music of 10 years.However,control group participants did not have any formal training in music.Results:Descriptive statistics showed better waveform morphology in the experimental group as compared to the control.MANOVA showed significantly better onset latency,peak amplitude and area under the curve in the experimental group but no significant difference in the offset and peak latencies between the two groups.Conclusion:The present study probably points towards the enhancement of pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians compared to non-musicians.It indicates that Indian classical musical training enhances pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in musicians,leading to higher peak amplitude and a greater area under the curve compared to non-musicians.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473746 and 81674043).
文摘Objective:To investigate the influence of qigong on late positive potential,which was elicited by affective pictures.Methods:College students who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly allocated to the qigong group,which received a four-week training(n=41)or the control group(n=41).All participants were assessed before and after the training for event-related potential,which was elicited by negative,neutral,and positive pictures.Electrodes at the centerline position of the frontal area(FCz),parietal area(Pz),and occipital area(Oz)were analyzed.Results:Negative,neutral,and positive pictures demonstrated statistically significant differences on FCz(P<.001),Pz(P<.001),and Oz(P<.001).The interaction between the group factor and time factor was statistically significant on Pz(P<.028).The pairwise comparison of Pz on the time factor and group factor showed that the amplitudes of the qigong group after training were smaller than before(P<.001),and the amplitudes of the control group were not statistically significant(P?.355).Conclusion:Our results supported the conclusion that qigong practices could affect the emotional regulation of college students.Qigong exercise weakens the emotional regulation of late positive potential,which is sensitive to top-down affective modulation.The findings imply that the regulating effect of qigong on emotions may be part of the reason why it is effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms.
文摘Depression is a common mental disor-der with low mood,loss of interest and pleasure as main symptoms.Because of depending on the subjective diag-nosis of psychiatrists,its diagnosis is no reliable objective basis.P300 research findings can be used as an objective diagnostic indicator for patients.This paper mainly intro-duces the current research status of event-related poten-tials for depression and introduces the scientific research and clinical significance of P300 for depression.
文摘Vagus nerve stimulation(VNS)is an important treatment option for drug-refractory epilepsy(DRE),with well-established efficacy and safety in clinical practice for more than 20 years.However,it is very difficult to find the optimal electrophysiological indicators for the effectiveness of VNS on DRE because the mechanism of action is unknown.In this review,we provide an update of the potential applications of VNS outcomes in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.Electroencephalographic(EEG)activity,event-related potentials,EEG synchronization levels,magnetoencephalographic,laryngeal muscle evoked potentials,and heart rate variability are potential biomarkers for VNS outcomes in people with DRE.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82000948)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20386)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC0118400)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Plan(No.2019C03020)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870635).
文摘Purpose Phantom eye pain(PEP)is a major clinical problem after eye removal with no standard treatment protocol to date.As pain is a multidimensional experience associated with emotional and cognitive components,this study aimed to explore the possible neuropsychological mechanisms of PEP in a perspective of emotional cognition,in order to provide a basis for clinical treatment.Methods Visual oddball event-related potentials(ERPs)under different external emotional stimuli(Disgust,Fear,Sadness,Happiness,Erotica and Neutral)were tested in 12 patients and 12 healthy volunteers.Participants'affective states were measured with the Mood Disorder Questionnaire(MDQ),the Hypomania Checklist-32(HCL-32),and the Plutchik–van Praag Depression Inventory(PVP).The amplitudes and latencies of N1,P2,N2 and P3 components were analyzed by three-way ANOVA,i.e.,group(2)×emotion(6)×electrode(3).Multiple comparisons were performed using Bonferroni's test.Results Longer N1 latencies,increased N1 amplitudes;shorter P2 latencies under Disgust and Happiness,decreased P2 amplitudes;shorter N2 latencies under Erotica,increased N2 amplitudes were found in patients compared with controls.There was no main effect of group or interaction effect on P3 latencies and P3 amplitudes.The MDQ and HCL-32 scores were lower,and the N1 latencies under Sadness were negatively correlated with PVP scores in patients.Conclusions PEP patients showed reversed patterns in exogenous attention allocation and enhanced involuntary attention to emotional stimuli compared with controls.This study demonstrated cortical processing of emotions in PEP patients and could provide a basis for developing emotional intervention therapy.
基金the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos.32170504,31970422,and 31672305 to G.F.
文摘The ability to discriminate species and recognize individuals is crucial for reproductive success and/or survival in most animals.However,the temporal order and neural localization of these decision-making processes has remained unclear.In this study,event-related potentials(ERPs)were measured in the telencephalon,diencephalon,and mesencephalon of the music frog Nidirana daunchina.These ERPs were elicited by calls from 1 group of heterospecifics(recorded from a sympatric anuran species)and 2 groups of conspecifics that differed in their fundamental frequencies.In terms of the polarity and position within the ERP waveform,auditory ERPs generally consist of 4 main components that link to selective attention(N1),stimulus evaluation(P2),identification(N2),and classification(P3).These occur around 100,200,250,and 300 ms after stimulus onset,respectively.Our results show that the N1 amplitudes differed significantly between the heterospecific and conspecific calls,but not between the 2 groups of conspecific calls that differed in fundamental frequency.On the other hand,the N2 amplitudes were significantly different between the 2 groups of conspecific calls,suggesting that the music frogs discriminated the species first,followed by individual identification,since N1 and N2 relate to selective attention and stimuli identification,respectively.Moreover,the P2 amplitudes evoked in females were significantly greater than those in males,indicating the existence of sexual dimorphism in auditory discrimination.In addition,both the N1 amplitudes in the left diencephalon and the P2 amplitudes in the left telencephalon were greater than in other brain areas,suggesting left hemispheric dominance in auditory perception.Taken together,our results support the hypothesis that species discrimination and identification of individual characteristics are accomplished sequentially,and that auditory perception exhibits differences between sexes and in spatial dominance.
基金the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K01 AG058785This study was supported in part by a pilot grant of the KU Alzheimer Disease Center(P30 AG035982).
文摘Background: Although growing evidence links beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neuronal hyperexcitability in preclinical mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a similar association in humans is yet to be established. The first aim of the study was to determine the association between elevated Aβ (Aβ+) and cognitive processes measured by the P3 event-related potential (ERP) in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. The second aim was to compare the event- related power between CNAβ+ and CNAβ−. Methods: Seventeen CNAβ+ participants (age: 73 ± 5, 11 females, Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score 26 ± 2) and 17 CNAβ- participants group-matched for age, sex, and MOCA completed a working memory task (n-back with n = 0, 1, 2) test while wearing a 256-channel electro-encephalography net. P3 peak amplitude and latency of the target, nontarget and task difference effect (nontarget−target), and event-related power in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, extracted from Fz, Cz, and Pz, were compared between groups using linear mixed models. P3 ampli-tude of the task difference effect at Fz and event-related power in the delta band were considered main outcomes. Correlations of mean Aβ standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) using positron emission tomography with P3 amplitude and latency of the task difference effect were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient r. Results: The P3 peak amplitude of the task difference effect at Fz was lower in the CNAβ+ group (P = 0.048). Simi-larly, power was lower in the delta band for nontargets at Fz in the CNAβ+ participants (P = 0.04). The CNAβ+ partici-pants also demonstrated higher theta and alpha power in channels at Cz and Pz, but no changes in P3 ERP. Strong correlations were found between the mean Aβ SUVR and the latency of the 1-back (r = − 0.69;P = 0.003) and 2-back (r = − 0.69;P = 0.004) of the task difference effect at channel Fz in the CNAβ+ group. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the elevated amyloid in cognitively normal older adults is associated with neuronal hyperexcitability. The decreased P3 task difference likely reflects early impairments in working memory processes. Further research is warranted to determine the validity of ERP in predicting clinical, neurobiological, and functional manifestations of AD.
