There is a massive and urgent need to ensure safety and security of the food supply of the world´s growing population.However,global agriculture and food industries continue to be vulnerable to problems of contam...There is a massive and urgent need to ensure safety and security of the food supply of the world´s growing population.However,global agriculture and food industries continue to be vulnerable to problems of contamination with biotoxins produced by plants,algae and particularly by fungi;with global warming and extreme weather events making the occurrence of these toxic metabolites even more unpredictable.In this paper we summarize the multidisciplinary,multi-sectoral complementary competencies needed to innovate in various scientific fields and approaches,so strongly needed to develop improved early warning,monitoring and toxicity assessment of biotoxins in the food and feed chain.These include big data approaches using satellite and drone images,portable monitoring devices and(combined)toxicity testing of(emerging)biotoxins using proteomics and transcriptomics.展开更多
To screen new maize(Zea mays L.)varieties suitable for food and fodder dual-purpose in Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi,the agronomic characters,yield and quality indexes of 12 new maize varieties were measu...To screen new maize(Zea mays L.)varieties suitable for food and fodder dual-purpose in Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi,the agronomic characters,yield and quality indexes of 12 new maize varieties were measured,and the correlation between various indexes were analyzed,and the comprehensive performance of tested varieties was evaluated by membership function method.The results showed that Guidan 671 had the highest grain yield and whole-plant biomass at 10908 and 49965 kg/hm^(2),respectively,and the second was Zhaoyu 215 with a grain yield and whole-plant biomass of 10086 and 47175 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Grain yield was highly significantly positively correlated with ear diameter and 100-grain weight(P<0.01),and significantly correlated with whole-plant biomass,starch content,ear length and grain number per row(P<0.05);and the whole-plant biomass was highly significantly correlated with the number of grains per row(P<0.01),and significantly correlated with starch content,panicle length,plant height and panicle height(P<0.05).The comprehensive performance scores of the tested varieties from high to low were Guidan 671,Zhaoyu 215,Guidan 669,Guidan 6208,Guidan 666,Guidan 6205,Guidan 660,Guidan 6203,Guidan 6206,Guidan 162,Guidan 668 and Guidan 673.According to the values of membership function and combined with various indexes,Guidan 671 and Zhaoyu 215 had good comprehensive performance,and could be used as the first choice for food and fodder dual-purpose maize varieties in Du'an Yao Autonomous County.展开更多
Single Cell Protein(SCP)refers to dry cells of microorganisms,and it constitutes a highly promising and alternative protein source for multiple applications.SCP presents a rich nutritional profile containing valuable ...Single Cell Protein(SCP)refers to dry cells of microorganisms,and it constitutes a highly promising and alternative protein source for multiple applications.SCP presents a rich nutritional profile containing valuable amino acids and fatty acids,nucleic acids,minerals,and several vitamins.Several businesses worldwide have introduced SCP into their production cycles,hence expanding the scope of its application in value added market chains such as the edible food packaging.SCP is produced by a plethora of microorganisms,including fungi,yeasts,bacteria,and algae while many of them are Generally Recognized as Safe(GRAS).Selected microbial strains present satisfying growth capability with high yields when cultivated in renewable feedstock.Thus,production rates and process sustainability could be enhanced via the valorization of industrial and agricultural wastes as the nutrient sources,combined with optimization of process parameters,i.e fermentation mode and feeding strategy,pH,temperature,C/N ratio,agitation rate and oxygen supply.This review addresses the latest developments made towards the SCP production,highlighting efficient microbial SCP producers,and production systems that valorize solid and liquid streams from several agricultural wastes.Potential applications,challenges in sensorial-,and safety-aspects as well as consumers perception issues of SCP incorporation into food-related matrices are also discussed.展开更多
The use of genetically modified organisms （GMOs） as food products becomes more and more widespread. The European Union has implemented a set of very strict procedures for the approval to grow, import and/or utilize ...The use of genetically modified organisms （GMOs） as food products becomes more and more widespread. The European Union has implemented a set of very strict procedures for the approval to grow, import and/or utilize GMOs as food or food ingredients. Thus, analytical methods for detection of GMOs are necessary in order to verify compliance with labelling requirements. There are few effective screening methods for processed GM （genetically modified） products. Three anti-herbicide genes （CP4- EPSPS, BAR and PAT） are common exogenous genes used in commercialized transgenic soybean, maize and rice, In the present study, a new SYBR Green qPCR screening method was developed to simultaneously detect the three exogenous anti-herbicide genes and one endogenous gene in a run. We tested seven samples of representative processed products （soya lecithin, soya protein powder, chocolate beverage, infant rice cereal, maize protein powder, maize starch, and maize jam） using the developed method, and amplicons of endogenous gene and transgenic fragments were obtained from all the processed products, and the sensitivity was 0.1%. These results indicated that SYBR Green qPCR screening method was appropriate for qualitative detection of transgenic soybean, maize and rice in processed products.展开更多
The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic substrates.However,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,...The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic substrates.However,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing cycle.In particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial systems.Currently,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial contamination.Here,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,respectively.Exposure to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive effect.Females kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg mass.Conversely,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both boxes.Our data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier flies.In order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.展开更多
Phytases belong to the class of phosphohydrolases that begin the step-wise hydrolysis of phosphates from phytates. Phytates are a derivative of myo-inositol, which is the primary storage form of organic phosphorus in ...Phytases belong to the class of phosphohydrolases that begin the step-wise hydrolysis of phosphates from phytates. Phytates are a derivative of myo-inositol, which is the primary storage form of organic phosphorus in plant cells. Phytase has been used globally to diminish phosphorus pollution and to enhance nutrition in monogastrics. In this review, the classification, sources, and diversity of microbial phytases, and their practical applications, as well as supplementation of the soil with transgenic and wild types of microbial strains, which can release phytase to enhance phosphorus availability for plant uptake and reduce the need for fertilizers, are discussed. The overexpressed microbial phytases in transgenic plants enhance the growth capacity of co-cultivated plants and can therefore be employed in agricultural and biotechnological practices, such as intercropping. The introduction of phytases into the soil for improved plant growth and enhanced crop yield can be accomplished without extra cost. A diverse group of photoautotrophic microalgae can synthesize phytase and will likely be useful in many human food and animal industries.展开更多
文摘There is a massive and urgent need to ensure safety and security of the food supply of the world´s growing population.However,global agriculture and food industries continue to be vulnerable to problems of contamination with biotoxins produced by plants,algae and particularly by fungi;with global warming and extreme weather events making the occurrence of these toxic metabolites even more unpredictable.In this paper we summarize the multidisciplinary,multi-sectoral complementary competencies needed to innovate in various scientific fields and approaches,so strongly needed to develop improved early warning,monitoring and toxicity assessment of biotoxins in the food and feed chain.These include big data approaches using satellite and drone images,portable monitoring devices and(combined)toxicity testing of(emerging)biotoxins using proteomics and transcriptomics.
基金Supported by Guangxi Key Research and Development Plan(GK AB21196052)Guangxi Science and Technology Planning Project(GK AD20297117)+2 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(GK AA17204064-4)Special Project of Basic Scientific Research Business of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GNK 2021YT015GNK 2020YM90)。
文摘To screen new maize(Zea mays L.)varieties suitable for food and fodder dual-purpose in Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi,the agronomic characters,yield and quality indexes of 12 new maize varieties were measured,and the correlation between various indexes were analyzed,and the comprehensive performance of tested varieties was evaluated by membership function method.The results showed that Guidan 671 had the highest grain yield and whole-plant biomass at 10908 and 49965 kg/hm^(2),respectively,and the second was Zhaoyu 215 with a grain yield and whole-plant biomass of 10086 and 47175 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Grain yield was highly significantly positively correlated with ear diameter and 100-grain weight(P<0.01),and significantly correlated with whole-plant biomass,starch content,ear length and grain number per row(P<0.05);and the whole-plant biomass was highly significantly correlated with the number of grains per row(P<0.01),and significantly correlated with starch content,panicle length,plant height and panicle height(P<0.05).The comprehensive performance scores of the tested varieties from high to low were Guidan 671,Zhaoyu 215,Guidan 669,Guidan 6208,Guidan 666,Guidan 6205,Guidan 660,Guidan 6203,Guidan 6206,Guidan 162,Guidan 668 and Guidan 673.According to the values of membership function and combined with various indexes,Guidan 671 and Zhaoyu 215 had good comprehensive performance,and could be used as the first choice for food and fodder dual-purpose maize varieties in Du'an Yao Autonomous County.
基金funded by the project“Infrastructure of Microbiome Applications in Food Systems-FOODBIOMES”(MIS 5047291)which is implemented under the Action“Regional Excellence in R&D Infrastructures”+1 种基金funded by the Operational Programme“Competitiveness,Entrepreneurship and Innovation”(NSRF 2014-2020)co-financed by Greece and the European Union(European Regional Development Fund).
文摘Single Cell Protein(SCP)refers to dry cells of microorganisms,and it constitutes a highly promising and alternative protein source for multiple applications.SCP presents a rich nutritional profile containing valuable amino acids and fatty acids,nucleic acids,minerals,and several vitamins.Several businesses worldwide have introduced SCP into their production cycles,hence expanding the scope of its application in value added market chains such as the edible food packaging.SCP is produced by a plethora of microorganisms,including fungi,yeasts,bacteria,and algae while many of them are Generally Recognized as Safe(GRAS).Selected microbial strains present satisfying growth capability with high yields when cultivated in renewable feedstock.Thus,production rates and process sustainability could be enhanced via the valorization of industrial and agricultural wastes as the nutrient sources,combined with optimization of process parameters,i.e fermentation mode and feeding strategy,pH,temperature,C/N ratio,agitation rate and oxygen supply.This review addresses the latest developments made towards the SCP production,highlighting efficient microbial SCP producers,and production systems that valorize solid and liquid streams from several agricultural wastes.Potential applications,challenges in sensorial-,and safety-aspects as well as consumers perception issues of SCP incorporation into food-related matrices are also discussed.
基金Supported by the Funds of the Scientific Research Foundation of Northeast Agricultural University(2010RCB53)
文摘The use of genetically modified organisms （GMOs） as food products becomes more and more widespread. The European Union has implemented a set of very strict procedures for the approval to grow, import and/or utilize GMOs as food or food ingredients. Thus, analytical methods for detection of GMOs are necessary in order to verify compliance with labelling requirements. There are few effective screening methods for processed GM （genetically modified） products. Three anti-herbicide genes （CP4- EPSPS, BAR and PAT） are common exogenous genes used in commercialized transgenic soybean, maize and rice, In the present study, a new SYBR Green qPCR screening method was developed to simultaneously detect the three exogenous anti-herbicide genes and one endogenous gene in a run. We tested seven samples of representative processed products （soya lecithin, soya protein powder, chocolate beverage, infant rice cereal, maize protein powder, maize starch, and maize jam） using the developed method, and amplicons of endogenous gene and transgenic fragments were obtained from all the processed products, and the sensitivity was 0.1%. These results indicated that SYBR Green qPCR screening method was appropriate for qualitative detection of transgenic soybean, maize and rice in processed products.
基金supported by grants from the Hessian Ministry of Higher Education,Research and the Arts via the LOEWE Center for Insect Biotechnologyby the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research(BMBF)grant FKZ 031B1291B(InA)within the BioBall innovation spaceOpen access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
文摘The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic substrates.However,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing cycle.In particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial systems.Currently,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial contamination.Here,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,respectively.Exposure to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive effect.Females kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg mass.Conversely,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both boxes.Our data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier flies.In order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.
文摘Phytases belong to the class of phosphohydrolases that begin the step-wise hydrolysis of phosphates from phytates. Phytates are a derivative of myo-inositol, which is the primary storage form of organic phosphorus in plant cells. Phytase has been used globally to diminish phosphorus pollution and to enhance nutrition in monogastrics. In this review, the classification, sources, and diversity of microbial phytases, and their practical applications, as well as supplementation of the soil with transgenic and wild types of microbial strains, which can release phytase to enhance phosphorus availability for plant uptake and reduce the need for fertilizers, are discussed. The overexpressed microbial phytases in transgenic plants enhance the growth capacity of co-cultivated plants and can therefore be employed in agricultural and biotechnological practices, such as intercropping. The introduction of phytases into the soil for improved plant growth and enhanced crop yield can be accomplished without extra cost. A diverse group of photoautotrophic microalgae can synthesize phytase and will likely be useful in many human food and animal industries.
