威廉·哈兹里特(William Hazlitt)在出版于1824年的《英格兰主要美术馆随笔》(Sketches of the Galleries in England)里对杜尔维奇绘画馆着墨甚多,堪称名篇佳构。今天造访该馆的观光客会毫不费力地在美术馆后面发现一个庄重肃穆的...威廉·哈兹里特(William Hazlitt)在出版于1824年的《英格兰主要美术馆随笔》(Sketches of the Galleries in England)里对杜尔维奇绘画馆着墨甚多,堪称名篇佳构。今天造访该馆的观光客会毫不费力地在美术馆后面发现一个庄重肃穆的壁龛,里面永久存放着三位捐赠人的斑岩大理石石棺。需提及的是,与欧洲大部分在皇家宫殿基础上'改造'而成的艺术博物馆有所不同,杜尔维奇绘画馆应该算是专门为陈列美术作品而建造的最早的美术馆之一。展开更多
We show that electric field on the plane surface of truncated sphere or cylinders(so called Janus particles)have sharp resonances versus the depth of removed segment of a sphere or cylinder.These resonances are relate...We show that electric field on the plane surface of truncated sphere or cylinders(so called Janus particles)have sharp resonances versus the depth of removed segment of a sphere or cylinder.These resonances are related to the excited whispering gallery waves caused by truncation.It is a new mechanism of the field localization.Optimization of this effect for cylinders permits to reach a super resolution in the line thickness,which can be used for contact optical lithography.展开更多
The mechanical behavior of underground pipe gallery is a key research issue due to the static/dynamic states which exist in a ground fissure area.This study took an underground pipe gallery project in Xi’an,China as ...The mechanical behavior of underground pipe gallery is a key research issue due to the static/dynamic states which exist in a ground fissure area.This study took an underground pipe gallery project in Xi’an,China as the research object.We analyzed the stress/strain characteristics of the pipe gallery structure and surrounding soil under static/dynamic conditions by the numerical simulation methods in detail.Based on the results,we proposed a theoretical calculation model for the pipe gallery structure considering the influence of the ground fissure,and combined with engineering examples for calculation and discussion.Subsequent results showed that:(1)the effective activity range of ground fissure on the deformation of the pipe gallery structure was mainly from 0.0 m(horizontal direction of ground fissure)to 32.0 m.In activity range,the pipe gallery structure is prone to failure,owing to the large soil deformation in the vertical direction;(2)with the increase of ground fissure settlement,a stress reduction area near the ground fissure appeared at the bottom of the hanging wall of the pipe gallery structure,and a local void phenomenon was revealed.The length of the local void is 6.0 m to 8.0 m under the maximum settlement(0.8 m)of the ground fissure;(3)Compared with the static conditions,the vertical and horizontal displacements of the pipe gallery structure and surrounding soil under the seismic action were little,and there were tensioncompression and torsion-shear effects in corner of the square pipe gallery structure(with a stress concentration phenomenon).The deformation law of pipe gallery structure and surrounding soil considering ground fissure and the theoretical model of pipe gallery structure established in this paper can provide reference for practical engineering.展开更多
During the last decades the whispering gallery mode based sensors have become a prominent solution for label-free sensing of various physical and chemical parameters.At the same time,the widespread utilization of the ...During the last decades the whispering gallery mode based sensors have become a prominent solution for label-free sensing of various physical and chemical parameters.At the same time,the widespread utilization of the approach is hindered by the restricted applicability of the known configurations for ambient variations quantification outside the laboratory conditions and their low affordability,where necessity on the spectrally-resolved data collection is among the main limiting factors.In this paper we demonstrate the first realization of an affordable whispering gallery mode sensor powered by deep learning and multi-resonator imaging at a fixed frequency.It has been shown that the approach enables refractive index unit(RIU)prediction with an absolute error at 3×10^(-6) level for dynamic range of the RIU variations from 0 to 2×10^(-3) with temporal resolution of several milliseconds and instrument-driven detection limit of 3×10−5.High sensing accuracy together with instrumental affordability and production simplicity places the reported detector among the most cost-effective realizations of the whispering gallery mode approach.The proposed solution is expected to have a great impact on the shift of the whole sensing paradigm away from the model-based and to the flexible self-learning solutions.展开更多
Traditional Chinese architecture can be regarded as the building of culture, i.e. image of the architecture can be considered as a certain externalized means of traditional culture. And space as a hero of architecture...Traditional Chinese architecture can be regarded as the building of culture, i.e. image of the architecture can be considered as a certain externalized means of traditional culture. And space as a hero of architecture refl ects characteristics of culture using its form and content. This research explored the common architectural element—gallery from cultural perspective, and proposed gallery as a kind of fuzzy intermediary space, then analyzed its intermediary nature from the perspective of fuzziness, transition, boundary, and placeness, and also its spatial order from the perspective of directivity, dynamics, diachronism and orderliness. On this basis, spatial characteristics of gallery beneath the surface were explored.展开更多
We investigate theoretically the single-photon scattering by a A-type three-level system interacting with a whispering-gallery-type resonator which is coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide by full quantum-mechanical ...We investigate theoretically the single-photon scattering by a A-type three-level system interacting with a whispering-gallery-type resonator which is coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide by full quantum-mechanical approach. The single-photon transmission amplitude and reflection amplitude are obtained exactly via real-space approach. The single-photon transport properties controlling by classic optical field are discussed. The critical coupling condition in the coupled waveguide-whispering-gallery resonator-atom with three-level system is also analyzed.展开更多
Based on the desilting research of one scheduling project in the southwest of China, the method of setting grid desilting gallery before the desilting tunnel is put forward to expand the scope of the scouring funnel b...Based on the desilting research of one scheduling project in the southwest of China, the method of setting grid desilting gallery before the desilting tunnel is put forward to expand the scope of the scouring funnel before the dam and solve the problem of sediment deposition at the power station water intake. The experimental results show that, in the design of a grid desilting gallery, the width of the grid gallery should not be smaller than that of the desiring bottom intake, the size of the grid orifice should be in the range of 1.5 m--2.0 m along the flow direction, and the grid spacing should be 3--5 times the size of the grid orifice. The discharging ability of the desilting bottom intake will decrease after the grid desilting gallery is added. The average of the decrease rates is about 5%-10%. The scouring funnel draws in the longitudinal direction before the dam obviously after the construction of the grid desilting gallery.展开更多
A simple fiber sensor to measure angular displacement with high resolution, which is based on whispering gallery mode （WGM） resonance in bent optical fibers,is proposed. The sensor is composed of a single loop forme...A simple fiber sensor to measure angular displacement with high resolution, which is based on whispering gallery mode （WGM） resonance in bent optical fibers,is proposed. The sensor is composed of a single loop formed by loosely tying a knot using single mode fiber. To measure the transmission spectra, a tunable laser and an optic power meter are connected to the two ends of fi- ber loop, respectively. Significant WGM resonances occur over the investigated wavelength range for all the sensors with different bend radius. The angular-displacement sensitivity is studied in the range from -0. 1°to 0. 1°. The detection limit of 1.49 × 10 ^-7 rad can be achieved for the detecting system with the resolution of lpm. The simple loop-structure fiber sensor has potential application prospect in the field of architecture or bridge building with low detection limit and low cost.展开更多
On the basis of investigating wooden arch gallery bridges in China,perspectives of researchers studying wooden arch gallery bridges in northeast Fujian Province were reviewed,and the innovativeness of researches from ...On the basis of investigating wooden arch gallery bridges in China,perspectives of researchers studying wooden arch gallery bridges in northeast Fujian Province were reviewed,and the innovativeness of researches from the perspectives of cultural geography and significance of wooden arch gallery bridge for the locals’behaviors was proposed.Youxi Village in Qinyang Town,Shouning County,known as the Village of Gallery Bridge,was taken for example to analyze physical,spiritual and social properties of its wooden arch gallery bridge spaces.Wooden arch gallery bridge is an effective boundary point of settlement space,constituting natural ecological spaces and man-made physical spaces of rural settlements.And as a type of building space,wooden arch gallery bridge expands settlement spaces,contributes to settlement cultures,and enriches spiritual connotations of regional cultures.In northeast Fujian,wooden arch gallery bridge is an important social space for the locals’daily life by carrying on living,production and spiritual functions.展开更多
This article presents a generalization of the standard art gallery problem to the case where the sides of the gallery are continuous curves which are limits of polygonal arcs. The allowable limiting processes for such...This article presents a generalization of the standard art gallery problem to the case where the sides of the gallery are continuous curves which are limits of polygonal arcs. The allowable limiting processes for such generalized art galleries are defined. We construct an art gallery in which one side is the Koch fractal and the other sides are three sides of a rectangle. The appropriate measure of coverage by guards is not the total number of guards but, rather, the guards-to-side ratio. We compute this ratio for the cases of shallow and deep versions of the Koch fractal art gallery.展开更多
The effects of the interaction between a gallery lining and surrounding ground are evaluated. The gallery is circular with constant thickness and surrounding ground as geotechnical characteristics is soft one. Two typ...The effects of the interaction between a gallery lining and surrounding ground are evaluated. The gallery is circular with constant thickness and surrounding ground as geotechnical characteristics is soft one. Two types of ground are successively considered with bulk modulus K = 9,260 kPa and K = 4,630 kPa. The analysis is carried out for a gallery with 3.80 m inner diameter and 25 cm thickness. This under construction is part of the irrigation system of the ＂Los Rios＂ county （Ecuador）. Comprehensive computations in various hypotheses pointed out the significant effects of the interaction. The sectional stresses （M, N） in the gallery lining embedded in soft ground depend mainly of the gallery depth versus ground surface. Contrary, the mechanical characteristics of the surrounding ground resulted to have little influence.展开更多
THE China Art Gallery isthe most modern gallery inChina.In June 1993,on its30th anniversary,it held an exhibi-tion of the best works in its collec-tion.Many of the finest Chinesepaintings of this century were exhi-bit...THE China Art Gallery isthe most modern gallery inChina.In June 1993,on its30th anniversary,it held an exhibi-tion of the best works in its collec-tion.Many of the finest Chinesepaintings of this century were exhi-bited,attracting tens of thousands ofart lovers and displaying the galler-y’s true artistic value.展开更多
Shanghai Huangjie Gallery, originally called Huangji Gallery, was founded in 1997. The name of Huangjie originates from the word Huangji Confucian by the great thinker Shao Yong in the Northen Song Dynasty Huang means...Shanghai Huangjie Gallery, originally called Huangji Gallery, was founded in 1997. The name of Huangjie originates from the word Huangji Confucian by the great thinker Shao Yong in the Northen Song Dynasty Huang means great , while Ji is believed to be insurmountable The gallery aims at pursuing the culture idea with wonderful taste .展开更多
文摘威廉·哈兹里特(William Hazlitt)在出版于1824年的《英格兰主要美术馆随笔》(Sketches of the Galleries in England)里对杜尔维奇绘画馆着墨甚多,堪称名篇佳构。今天造访该馆的观光客会毫不费力地在美术馆后面发现一个庄重肃穆的壁龛,里面永久存放着三位捐赠人的斑岩大理石石棺。需提及的是,与欧洲大部分在皇家宫殿基础上'改造'而成的艺术博物馆有所不同,杜尔维奇绘画馆应该算是专门为陈列美术作品而建造的最早的美术馆之一。
基金This work was also supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(project no.14.W03.31.0008)in part by the Russian Science Foundation(project no.20-12-00389)+1 种基金in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(projects no.20-02-00715,no.21-58-10005,no.21-57-10001).Z.B.Wang acknowledges European ERDF grants(CPE 81400 and SPARCII c81133)through WEFO,and Royal society grants(IEC\NSFC\181378 and IEC\R2\202178).
文摘We show that electric field on the plane surface of truncated sphere or cylinders(so called Janus particles)have sharp resonances versus the depth of removed segment of a sphere or cylinder.These resonances are related to the excited whispering gallery waves caused by truncation.It is a new mechanism of the field localization.Optimization of this effect for cylinders permits to reach a super resolution in the line thickness,which can be used for contact optical lithography.
基金funding of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41702346 and No.42072319)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Shaanxi,China(No.2020SF-431)。
文摘The mechanical behavior of underground pipe gallery is a key research issue due to the static/dynamic states which exist in a ground fissure area.This study took an underground pipe gallery project in Xi’an,China as the research object.We analyzed the stress/strain characteristics of the pipe gallery structure and surrounding soil under static/dynamic conditions by the numerical simulation methods in detail.Based on the results,we proposed a theoretical calculation model for the pipe gallery structure considering the influence of the ground fissure,and combined with engineering examples for calculation and discussion.Subsequent results showed that:(1)the effective activity range of ground fissure on the deformation of the pipe gallery structure was mainly from 0.0 m(horizontal direction of ground fissure)to 32.0 m.In activity range,the pipe gallery structure is prone to failure,owing to the large soil deformation in the vertical direction;(2)with the increase of ground fissure settlement,a stress reduction area near the ground fissure appeared at the bottom of the hanging wall of the pipe gallery structure,and a local void phenomenon was revealed.The length of the local void is 6.0 m to 8.0 m under the maximum settlement(0.8 m)of the ground fissure;(3)Compared with the static conditions,the vertical and horizontal displacements of the pipe gallery structure and surrounding soil under the seismic action were little,and there were tensioncompression and torsion-shear effects in corner of the square pipe gallery structure(with a stress concentration phenomenon).The deformation law of pipe gallery structure and surrounding soil considering ground fissure and the theoretical model of pipe gallery structure established in this paper can provide reference for practical engineering.
文摘During the last decades the whispering gallery mode based sensors have become a prominent solution for label-free sensing of various physical and chemical parameters.At the same time,the widespread utilization of the approach is hindered by the restricted applicability of the known configurations for ambient variations quantification outside the laboratory conditions and their low affordability,where necessity on the spectrally-resolved data collection is among the main limiting factors.In this paper we demonstrate the first realization of an affordable whispering gallery mode sensor powered by deep learning and multi-resonator imaging at a fixed frequency.It has been shown that the approach enables refractive index unit(RIU)prediction with an absolute error at 3×10^(-6) level for dynamic range of the RIU variations from 0 to 2×10^(-3) with temporal resolution of several milliseconds and instrument-driven detection limit of 3×10−5.High sensing accuracy together with instrumental affordability and production simplicity places the reported detector among the most cost-effective realizations of the whispering gallery mode approach.The proposed solution is expected to have a great impact on the shift of the whole sensing paradigm away from the model-based and to the flexible self-learning solutions.
基金Sponsored by 2015 Special Fund for Young Teachers’Teaching Reform in Liaoning University of Science and Technology(QNJJ–2015–09)
文摘Traditional Chinese architecture can be regarded as the building of culture, i.e. image of the architecture can be considered as a certain externalized means of traditional culture. And space as a hero of architecture refl ects characteristics of culture using its form and content. This research explored the common architectural element—gallery from cultural perspective, and proposed gallery as a kind of fuzzy intermediary space, then analyzed its intermediary nature from the perspective of fuzziness, transition, boundary, and placeness, and also its spatial order from the perspective of directivity, dynamics, diachronism and orderliness. On this basis, spatial characteristics of gallery beneath the surface were explored.
基金＊Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10874134, 11004001, and 10947115 and Anhui Province for Young Teachers Foundation under Crant No. 2010SQRL037ZD
文摘We investigate theoretically the single-photon scattering by a A-type three-level system interacting with a whispering-gallery-type resonator which is coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide by full quantum-mechanical approach. The single-photon transmission amplitude and reflection amplitude are obtained exactly via real-space approach. The single-photon transport properties controlling by classic optical field are discussed. The critical coupling condition in the coupled waveguide-whispering-gallery resonator-atom with three-level system is also analyzed.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program during the11th Five-Year Plan Period of China (No.2006BAD11B03)
文摘Based on the desilting research of one scheduling project in the southwest of China, the method of setting grid desilting gallery before the desilting tunnel is put forward to expand the scope of the scouring funnel before the dam and solve the problem of sediment deposition at the power station water intake. The experimental results show that, in the design of a grid desilting gallery, the width of the grid gallery should not be smaller than that of the desiring bottom intake, the size of the grid orifice should be in the range of 1.5 m--2.0 m along the flow direction, and the grid spacing should be 3--5 times the size of the grid orifice. The discharging ability of the desilting bottom intake will decrease after the grid desilting gallery is added. The average of the decrease rates is about 5%-10%. The scouring funnel draws in the longitudinal direction before the dam obviously after the construction of the grid desilting gallery.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （ ＂973＂ Program） （ 2011 CB013000 ） the National Natural Sci- ence Foundation of China （NSFC） （ 90923039 51105038）
文摘A simple fiber sensor to measure angular displacement with high resolution, which is based on whispering gallery mode （WGM） resonance in bent optical fibers,is proposed. The sensor is composed of a single loop formed by loosely tying a knot using single mode fiber. To measure the transmission spectra, a tunable laser and an optic power meter are connected to the two ends of fi- ber loop, respectively. Significant WGM resonances occur over the investigated wavelength range for all the sensors with different bend radius. The angular-displacement sensitivity is studied in the range from -0. 1°to 0. 1°. The detection limit of 1.49 × 10 ^-7 rad can be achieved for the detecting system with the resolution of lpm. The simple loop-structure fiber sensor has potential application prospect in the field of architecture or bridge building with low detection limit and low cost.
基金Sponsored by social science research program of Fujian Provincial Department of Education(JA11300S)Special program of "East Fujian Culture Research"(2011HW05)Key project of Ningde Normal University(2010J002)
文摘On the basis of investigating wooden arch gallery bridges in China,perspectives of researchers studying wooden arch gallery bridges in northeast Fujian Province were reviewed,and the innovativeness of researches from the perspectives of cultural geography and significance of wooden arch gallery bridge for the locals’behaviors was proposed.Youxi Village in Qinyang Town,Shouning County,known as the Village of Gallery Bridge,was taken for example to analyze physical,spiritual and social properties of its wooden arch gallery bridge spaces.Wooden arch gallery bridge is an effective boundary point of settlement space,constituting natural ecological spaces and man-made physical spaces of rural settlements.And as a type of building space,wooden arch gallery bridge expands settlement spaces,contributes to settlement cultures,and enriches spiritual connotations of regional cultures.In northeast Fujian,wooden arch gallery bridge is an important social space for the locals’daily life by carrying on living,production and spiritual functions.
文摘This article presents a generalization of the standard art gallery problem to the case where the sides of the gallery are continuous curves which are limits of polygonal arcs. The allowable limiting processes for such generalized art galleries are defined. We construct an art gallery in which one side is the Koch fractal and the other sides are three sides of a rectangle. The appropriate measure of coverage by guards is not the total number of guards but, rather, the guards-to-side ratio. We compute this ratio for the cases of shallow and deep versions of the Koch fractal art gallery.
文摘The effects of the interaction between a gallery lining and surrounding ground are evaluated. The gallery is circular with constant thickness and surrounding ground as geotechnical characteristics is soft one. Two types of ground are successively considered with bulk modulus K = 9,260 kPa and K = 4,630 kPa. The analysis is carried out for a gallery with 3.80 m inner diameter and 25 cm thickness. This under construction is part of the irrigation system of the ＂Los Rios＂ county （Ecuador）. Comprehensive computations in various hypotheses pointed out the significant effects of the interaction. The sectional stresses （M, N） in the gallery lining embedded in soft ground depend mainly of the gallery depth versus ground surface. Contrary, the mechanical characteristics of the surrounding ground resulted to have little influence.
文摘THE China Art Gallery isthe most modern gallery inChina.In June 1993,on its30th anniversary,it held an exhibi-tion of the best works in its collec-tion.Many of the finest Chinesepaintings of this century were exhi-bited,attracting tens of thousands ofart lovers and displaying the galler-y’s true artistic value.
文摘Shanghai Huangjie Gallery, originally called Huangji Gallery, was founded in 1997. The name of Huangjie originates from the word Huangji Confucian by the great thinker Shao Yong in the Northen Song Dynasty Huang means great , while Ji is believed to be insurmountable The gallery aims at pursuing the culture idea with wonderful taste .
