Augite-based glass ceramics were synthesised using ZnO,FeO,and Fe_(2)O_(3)as additives,and the spinel formation,matrix structure,crystallisation thermodynamics,and physicochemical properties were investigated.The resu...Augite-based glass ceramics were synthesised using ZnO,FeO,and Fe_(2)O_(3)as additives,and the spinel formation,matrix structure,crystallisation thermodynamics,and physicochemical properties were investigated.The results showed that oxides resulted in numerous preliminary spinels in the glass matrix.FeO,ZnO,and Fe_(2)O_(3)influenced the formation of spinel,while FeO simplified the glass network.FeO and ZnO promoted bulk crystallisation of the parent glass.After adding oxides,the grains of augite phase were refined,and the relative quantities of augite crystal planes were also influenced.All samples displayed good mechanical properties and chemical stability.The 2wt%ZnO-doping sample displayed the maximum flexural strength(170.3 MPa).Chromium leaching amount values of all the samples were less than the national standard(1.5 mg/L),confirming the safety of the materials.In conclusion,an appropriate amount of zinc-containing raw material is beneficial for the preparation of augite-based glass ceramics.展开更多
Municipal solid waste incineration products of bottom ash(BA),fly ash(FA),and pickling sludge(PS),causing severe environ-mental pollution,were transformed into glass ceramic foams with the aid of CaCO3 as a pore-foami...Municipal solid waste incineration products of bottom ash(BA),fly ash(FA),and pickling sludge(PS),causing severe environ-mental pollution,were transformed into glass ceramic foams with the aid of CaCO3 as a pore-foaming agent during sintering.The effect of the BA/FA mass ratio on the phase composition,pore morphology,pore size distribution,physical properties,and glass structure was investigated,with results showing that with the increase in the BA/FA ratio,the content of the glass phase,Si-O-Si,and Q3Si units decrease gradually.The glass transmission temperature of the mixture was also reduced.When combined,the glass viscosity decreases,causing bubble coalescence and uneven pore distribution.Glass ceramic foams with uniform spherical pores are fabricated.When the content of BA,FA,and PS are 35wt%,45wt%,and 20wt%,respectively,contributing to high performance glass ceramic foams with a bulk density of 1.76 g/cm3,porosity of 56.01%,and compressive strength exceeding 16.23 MPa.This versatile and low-cost approach provides new insight into synergistically recycling solid wastes.展开更多
Thin silver films are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on glass ceramic at room temperature.Variations of sputtering power,bios voltage and power density are carried out for each deposition,then parts...Thin silver films are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on glass ceramic at room temperature.Variations of sputtering power,bios voltage and power density are carried out for each deposition,then parts of as-deposited samples are subjected to annealing at 600 ℃ within a vacuum chamber.Structural properties are studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM).It is shown that structural properties have a strong dependency on sputtering power and annealing temperature.Electrical contact resistance measured by a four point probe instrument is directly affected by the thickness of films.It is also found that the film conductivity,especially in thinner films,is improved by the increasing grain size.Finally,the film adhesion is observed by scratch tests.And the adhesive ability deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering shows a better performance than that produced by traditional methods.展开更多
Color conversion glass ceramics are prepared by cosintering borosilicate glass frits and green0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) phosphors.The crystal structures,the influence of Ga concentration on the photolumine...Color conversion glass ceramics are prepared by cosintering borosilicate glass frits and green0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) phosphors.The crystal structures,the influence of Ga concentration on the photoluminescence(PL),and reliability properties of the color conversion glass ceramics are investigated.The PL emission wavelengths of 0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) glass ceramics show blue shift from 545 nm to 525 nm with increasing Ga content(x value)under excited at 460 nm.Reliability test results show that the quantum yield(QY)of0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) glass ceramics decreases from 70.60%to 59.06%with x value increasing from 0.15 to0.35 under the ambient condition of 85~?C/RH85%for the exposure time of 168 h.And the quantum yield(QY)of0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) glass ceramics decreases from 65.13%to 52.23%after being soaked into boiled water for 4 h.The finding reveals that the addition of Ga can deteriorate the reliability of the color conversion glass ceramics.展开更多
Sm^(3+) ions incorporated Sm_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) crystalline phase formed in the aluminoborosilicate glass matrix synthesized via melting quenching technique followed by heat-treatment process is reported herewith.The prel...Sm^(3+) ions incorporated Sm_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) crystalline phase formed in the aluminoborosilicate glass matrix synthesized via melting quenching technique followed by heat-treatment process is reported herewith.The preliminary confirmation on the obtained glass ceramics was made through X-ray diffration(XRD) studies.Formation of non-bridging oxygens(NBOs) in the glass network and the modes of vibrations of network units we re analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) studies.Surface morphology of heat-treated samples at varying temperatures was determined via a field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM).The absorption studies on heat-treated samples signify the low bandgap values and high Urbach energy values due to improved crystallinity in the glass network.Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters identified for visible absorption transitions follow the trend of Ω_(4)>Ω_(2)>Ω_(6).Excitation and emission studies on heat-treated samples show improvement in their intensities compared to the unheated base glass.The thermal quenching is observed at higher temperatures(540 and 580℃ for 3 h) of heat-treated samples.Calculations based on luminescence spectra including radiative transition probability,stimulated emission cross-section and branching ratio show good results for glass ceramics prior to precursor glass.Longer lifetimes of Sm^(3+) ions(milliseconds) in the level ^(4)G_(5/2) are seen for glass ceramics.Color coordinates suggest the reddish-orange emissions from prepared glass ceramics.Thus,Sm^(3+) doped Sm_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) glass ceramics are favorable materials for solid-state lighting and laser applications.展开更多
Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+) co-doped transparent glass ceramics containing CaF_2 nanocrystals were successfully synthesized by high temperature melt-quenching method and subsequent heating. The structure and morphology of the sam...Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+) co-doped transparent glass ceramics containing CaF_2 nanocrystals were successfully synthesized by high temperature melt-quenching method and subsequent heating. The structure and morphology of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmittance electron microscopy(TEM), high resolution TEM(HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction(SAED). The photoluminescence properties and energy transfer process from Tb^(3+) to Eu^(3+) of CaF_2:Tb^(3+),Eu^(3+) phosphors were also investigated through excitation spectra and decay curves. In addition, the emission spectra of the glass ceramics in a wide temperature range from 21 to 320 K were recorded under the excitation of 485 nm. It was found that the fluorescence intensity ratios of Tb^(3+) at 545 nm(~5D_4→~7F_5) to Eu^(3+) at 615 nm(~5D_0→~7F_2) was highly temperature-dependent with an approximate linear relationship, and the temperature sensitivity was about 0.4%/K. It is expected that the investigated Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+) co-doped CaF_2 glass ceramics may have prospective application in optical thermometry.展开更多
The Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) single-doped and co-doped glasses and glass ceramics containing YPO_4 nanocrystals have been synthesized by melt quenching method. The structural and luminescent properties of these glass specimens...The Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) single-doped and co-doped glasses and glass ceramics containing YPO_4 nanocrystals have been synthesized by melt quenching method. The structural and luminescent properties of these glass specimens were investigated. Under 375 nm wavelength excitation, the emission spectra combined with blue, green and red bands were observed, which achieved the white light emission. Moreover, the energy transfer between Tb^(3+) and Sm^(3+)ions was validated by decay lifetime measurement and energy level diagram.The color coordinates(x = 0.333, y = 0.333), correlated color temperature(5595 K) and the color rendering index(Ra = 80.5) indicated that the glass ceramics were considered to be good lighting source. Hence,the YPO_(4-) based Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) co-doped glass ceramics can act as potential matrix materials for white lightemitting diodes under ultraviolet excitation.展开更多
Up-to-date laser-driven lightings confront a challenge of simultaneously achieving good photometric and chromatic performances.Herein,the coupling of“patterned package design”and“phosphor wheel”was proposed and de...Up-to-date laser-driven lightings confront a challenge of simultaneously achieving good photometric and chromatic performances.Herein,the coupling of“patterned package design”and“phosphor wheel”was proposed and demonstrated effectively to deal with this tough issue,based on a new architecture of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+(CASN:Eu)glass ceramic film(GCF)on Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)(YAG:Ce)GC plate.The fabricated composite has no interface between the two functional layers and retains the admirable luminescent features from CASN:Eu and YAG:Ce for the microstructural integrity during co-sintering.The studies on laser-microcrystalline interactions reveal that the luminescence saturation is almost determined by thermal quenching for YAG:Ce,but is ascribed to thermal/intensity quenching which are equally crucial for CASN:Eu.Benefiting from the elaborate architecture design,good color chromaticity tunability was obtained,and severe photon reabsorption was reduced.Moreover,accompanied with the rotation induced increase of thermal convection to air and pulse-like excitation,the constructed lighting engine under blue laser driven shows bright white light with luminous flux(LF)higher than 1000 lm,adjustable chromaticity from cool to warm,and improved color rendering index(CRI)approaching to 70.展开更多
Natural sunlight activated persistent luminescence(PeL)is ideal candidate for optical information display in outdoors without the requirement of electric supply.Except the brightness and duration,the stability especia...Natural sunlight activated persistent luminescence(PeL)is ideal candidate for optical information display in outdoors without the requirement of electric supply.Except the brightness and duration,the stability especially water resistance of the PeL materials is of significant importance for practical application,which remains a great obstacle up to date.Herein,we report a new sunlight activated PeL glass ceramic containing hexagonal Sr_(13)Al_(22)Si_(10)O_(66):Eu^(2+)crystals,which exhibits strong blue PeL and can last more than 200 h.The PeL can be charged by the full wavelengths located in AM 1.5G due to the broad distribution of traps in the crystal structure.The PeL is clearly observed by the naked eye even after 24 h upon sunlight irradiation irrespective of the weather,and the photoluminescence intensity only decreased~3.3%after storing in water for 365 d.We demonstrate its potential application for thermal and stress responsive display as well as long-term continuous security indication upon sunlight irradiation,which not only save vast energy and reduce environment pollution,but also are appropriate for outdoor usage.展开更多
The novel dental ceramics can be fabricated at lower temperatures when sol-gel derived lithium disilicate glass ceramics(LDGC)was used as an additive for yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline(Y-TZP)cer...The novel dental ceramics can be fabricated at lower temperatures when sol-gel derived lithium disilicate glass ceramics(LDGC)was used as an additive for yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline(Y-TZP)ceramics.The effect of LDGC on the sintering,mechanical,and translucent properties of Y-TZP ceramics was investigated in the present study.The results showed that the LDGC additive effectively improved the densification of Y-TZP at 1100℃,which was much lower than the sintering temperature for pure Y-TZP.When sintered at 1100℃,the Y-TZP with 1 wt%LDGC reached a relative density of 95.45%,and prossessed a flexural strength of 482.4 MPa and a fracture toughness of 5.94 MPa-m12.Moreover,its translucency was also improved.While,the addition of LDGC could result in an escape of yttrium atoms from the grain lattice of zirconia,which induced the tetragonal-monoclinic transformation of zirconia and abnormal growth of monoclinic grains.The escaped yttrium atoms diffused into the intergranular glass phase.The results indicated that the novel Y-TZP-LDGC ceramics has a great potential to be used for all-ceramic restorations.展开更多
Glass-ceramic samples, having composition of SiO<sub>2</sub>-35, CaO-45, Na<sub>2</sub>O-10 and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-10 in weight ratio were prepared through sinte...Glass-ceramic samples, having composition of SiO<sub>2</sub>-35, CaO-45, Na<sub>2</sub>O-10 and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-10 in weight ratio were prepared through sintering route. Glass powder was reinforced by Al powder. The strength of glass-ceramic composite was found to be temperature dependent, and it varies with the addition of Al powder. Flexural strength increases with the increase of powder addition and sintering temperature, however, decreases with the increase of sintering time. There is an optimum temperature (>1100℃) above which flexural strength of all samples decreases. Bulk density changes to a higher value as the addition of Al-powder increases up to 3% by weight above which density decreases slowly. On the other hand, apparent porosity and water absorption decrease with the increase of percentage of Al powder added. Porosity and water absorption also showed a dependent characteristic on sintering time and sintering temperature.展开更多
Glasses in the system 24.5Na<sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O·24.5CaO·6P</span>...Glasses in the system 24.5Na<sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O·24.5CaO·6P</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·xSrO·(45-x)SiO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> have been</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> studied in the composition region of x = 0 - 15 mol%. The as prepared glasses are transparent and have an amorphous network structure. On the otherhand, heat treated glasses are transformed to opaque white glass ceramic characterized by their highly crystalline network structure. Crystalline apatite (calcium phosphate, Ca</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, wollastonite (calcium silicate, CaSiO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), and strontium calcium phosphate</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ca</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sr(PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are the main well-formed crystalline species played the major role in material bioactivity. Increasing SrO leads to enhancing material crystallite and enhances the hardness of the host glass matrix. The change of XRD spectra, </span><sup><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">31</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P NMR chemical shift and hardness number upon increasing SrO are considered due to modification of the apatit Ca(PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to involve Sr ions inducing Ca</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sr (PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> apatite one. Such species play the role in enhancing material properties and hardness.</span></span>展开更多
To control second harmonic generation (SHG) in silica-based glasses is crucial for fabricating photonic devices, such as frequency doubling waveguides. Here, we investigated SHG of laser induced nonlinear optical crys...To control second harmonic generation (SHG) in silica-based glasses is crucial for fabricating photonic devices, such as frequency doubling waveguides. Here, we investigated SHG of laser induced nonlinear optical crystals in silica-based glasses, according to writing speed and pulse energy. We observed two regions with different probing laser polarization angular dependence: a) a well-defined cosine-like curve with period of 180° at low pulse energy (0.8 μJ) whatever the writing speed or at high pulse energy (1.4 μJ) with high writing speed (25 μm/s). This is accounted for by a well-defined texture for the nano crystals with their polar axis oriented perpendicular to the writing laser polarization;and b) a double cosine-like curve revealing a second texture of the crystals at high pulse energy (1.4 μJ) with low writing speed (5 μm/s) and with the polar axis oriented closer parallel to the writing laser polarization. Therefore, a SHG dependence on probing laser polarization angle may show high contrast by a correct choice of the writing speed and pulse energy. These results pave the way for elaboration of nonlinear optical devices.展开更多
In order to meet the needs of new materials gradually developing towards miniaturization,integration,and light weight,multifunctional BaNb_(2)O_(6):Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+)/Tm^(3+)transparent glass-ceramics were success-fully ...In order to meet the needs of new materials gradually developing towards miniaturization,integration,and light weight,multifunctional BaNb_(2)O_(6):Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+)/Tm^(3+)transparent glass-ceramics were success-fully prepared by melt quenching and controllable crystallization.Its structure,luminescence,and en-ergy transmission were studied.Using the opposite temperature dependence of the Tm^(3+)emission band and the corresponding large energy level gap,a maximum relative sensitivity of 2.3%K^(-1)based on thermal coupling levels(TCLs)is obtained in a wide temperature range(298-673 K).The multi-ratio optical thermometry based on TCLs and non-TCLs is successfully realized by using the different emission bands of double emission centers,which makes it possible for self-reference optical temperature measurement modes.In addition,the transparent glass-ceramic exhibits excellent electrical properties under 700 kV cm^(-1)electric field:high discharge energy density(W_(d)=0.99 J cm^(-3)),huge instantaneous power density(225.3 MW cm^(-3)),and ultra-fast discharge rate(T_(0.9)≤15.8 ns).The prepared glass-ceramic is expected to be a new type of lead-free multifunctional photoelectric material for temperature sensors and transparent electronic devices.展开更多
We present the magnetic properties of magnetic glass ceramics obtained by crystallization of Fe containing borosilicate glass.Two types of nucleators have been used:Cr2O3 and P2O5.The role of the nucleators proved to ...We present the magnetic properties of magnetic glass ceramics obtained by crystallization of Fe containing borosilicate glass.Two types of nucleators have been used:Cr2O3 and P2O5.The role of the nucleators proved to be crucial in the size and morphology of the crystallites developed within glassy matrix as well in the magnetic response.The former stimulates the growth of regular single crystals uniformly dispersed within the matrix whereas the latter leads to the formation of grains made of tiny(30 nm),nanocrystals.The magnetic response depends on the amount of Fe ions left dispersed within glassy matrix as paramagnetic ions.Although P2O5 leads to the best structural magnetite,almost 42%of Fe ions are left dispersed in the matrix without magnetic interaction.In the case of Cr2O3,the paramagnetic Fe is decreased to 12%but structural deficiency in the occupancy of the Fe sites of magnetite is revealed by Mössbauer spectroscopy.展开更多
The development of an inorganic electrochemical stable solid-state electrolyte is essentially responsible for future state-of-the-art all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Because of their advantages in safety,wor...The development of an inorganic electrochemical stable solid-state electrolyte is essentially responsible for future state-of-the-art all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Because of their advantages in safety,working temperature,high energy density,and packaging,ASSLBs can develop an ideal energy storage system for modern electric vehicles(EVs).A solid electrolyte(SE)model must have an economical synthesis approach,exhibit electrochemical and chemical stability,high ionic conductivity,and low interfacial resistance.Owing to its highest conductivity of 17 mS·cm^(-1),and deformability,the sulfide-based Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11) solid electrolyte is a promising contender for the high-performance bulk type of ASSLBs.Herein,we present a current glimpse of the progress of synthetic procedures,structural aspects,and ionic conductivity improvement strategies.Structural elucidation and mechanistic approaches have been extensively discussed by using various characterization techniques.The chemical stability of Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11) could be enhanced via oxide doping,and hard and soft acid/base(HSAB)concepts are also discussed.The issues to be undertaken for designing the ideal solid electrolytes,interfacial challenges,and high energy density have been discoursed.This review aims to provide a bird’s eye view of the recent development of Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11)-based solid-state electrolyte applications and explore the strategies for designing new solid electrolytes with a target-oriented approach to enhance the efficiency of high energy density allsolid-state lithium batteries.展开更多
A solid electrolyte of LAGP[Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(1.5)(PO_(4))_(3)]contained 0.5 wt%Li F was prepared by using low-volatile raw materials.The effects of different heat treatment conditions(750–900°C,4–10 h)and ad...A solid electrolyte of LAGP[Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(1.5)(PO_(4))_(3)]contained 0.5 wt%Li F was prepared by using low-volatile raw materials.The effects of different heat treatment conditions(750–900°C,4–10 h)and additive(Li F)on the ionic conductivity,structural morphology,and crystal transformation process were investigated in detail.EIS(electrochemical impedance spectroscopies)showed that the ionic conductivity of LAGP contained 0.5 wt%Li F had a highest value of 3.17×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)with low activation energy(0.31 e V)after treating 825°C for 6 h,more than LAGP of 2.45×10^(-4)S cm^(-1).DSC analysis and SEM images indicated that adding a small amount of Li F to LAGP not only can lower the glass transition temperature(from 513°C to507°C)and crystallization temperature(from 622°C to 605°C),but also can modify the grain boundary and increase the relative density of LAGP(from 95.8%to 97.7%).展开更多
Recently,high-performance color converters excitable by blue laser diode(LD)have sprung up for projection displays.However,the thermal accumulation effect of the color converters is a non-negligible problem under high...Recently,high-performance color converters excitable by blue laser diode(LD)have sprung up for projection displays.However,the thermal accumulation effect of the color converters is a non-negligible problem under high-power LD irradiation.Herein,we developed novel opto-functional composites(patterned CaAlSiN3:Eu^(2+)phosphor-in-glass film–Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)phosphor-in-glass film@Al_(2)O_(3)plate with aluminum"heat sink")via a thermal management methodology of combining"phosphor wheel"and"heat sink"for a lighting source of highpower laser projection displays.This new composite design makes it effective to transport generated thermal phonons away to reduce the thermal ionization process,and to yield stable and high-quality white light with brightness of 4510 lm@43 W,luminous efficacy of 105 lm/W,correlated color temperature of 3541 K,and color rendering index of 80.0.Furthermore,the phosphor-in-glass film-converted laser projection system was also successfully designed,showing a more vivid color effect compared to a traditional LED-based projector.This work emphasizes the importance of the thermal management upon high-power laser irradiation,and hopefully facilitates the development of a new LD-driven lighting source for high-power laser projection displays.展开更多
Municipal solid waste incinerated(MSWI) fly ash contains heavy metals and chloride,which is urgent to be disposed via an effective method.Herein,glass-ceramics,one of the recycling waste materials based on MSWI fly as...Municipal solid waste incinerated(MSWI) fly ash contains heavy metals and chloride,which is urgent to be disposed via an effective method.Herein,glass-ceramics,one of the recycling waste materials based on MSWI fly ash with high chloride content,have been developed from one-step process.MSWI fly ash and waste glass have been utilized as calcium and silicon sources,respectively.Glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by the one-step process.It is found that the increase in MSWI fly ash promotes the fracture of glass mesh(Si-O)and the generation of non-bridging oxygen,reducing the polymerization degree of glass network structure,which leads to the decrease in glass stability.The difference between glass transition temperature(T_(g)) and crystallization temperature(T_(c)) was narrowed,and crystallization activation energy of basic glass was reduced,which promoted crystallization.With lower crystallization activation energy(E=217.56 kJ·mol^(-1)) and high utilization rate of 50 wt% MSWI fly ash,the optimal glass-ceramics with spherical diopside,cuspidine and glass phase,excellent hardness of 7.97 GPa and bending resistance of 114.86 MPa are achieved.It is worth mentioning that most of the high content of chlorine in MSWI fly ash will evaporate during vitrification process;the residual chlorine as well as heavy metals can be present steadily in crystalline grains.Therefore,this study not only increases the attachment value of MSWI fly ash,but also eliminates the problems caused by high chlorine and heavy metals in MSWI fly ash.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1905701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1960201 and 52204336)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M710359).
文摘Augite-based glass ceramics were synthesised using ZnO,FeO,and Fe_(2)O_(3)as additives,and the spinel formation,matrix structure,crystallisation thermodynamics,and physicochemical properties were investigated.The results showed that oxides resulted in numerous preliminary spinels in the glass matrix.FeO,ZnO,and Fe_(2)O_(3)influenced the formation of spinel,while FeO simplified the glass network.FeO and ZnO promoted bulk crystallisation of the parent glass.After adding oxides,the grains of augite phase were refined,and the relative quantities of augite crystal planes were also influenced.All samples displayed good mechanical properties and chemical stability.The 2wt%ZnO-doping sample displayed the maximum flexural strength(170.3 MPa).Chromium leaching amount values of all the samples were less than the national standard(1.5 mg/L),confirming the safety of the materials.In conclusion,an appropriate amount of zinc-containing raw material is beneficial for the preparation of augite-based glass ceramics.
基金the National key R&D projects(Nos.2019YFC1907101,2019YFC1907103,2017YFB0702304)the Key R&D project in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2020BCE01001)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51672024)the Xijiang Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team(No.2017A0109004)the Program of China Scholarships Coun-cil(No.201806465040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.FRF-IC-19-007,FRF-IC-19-017Z,FRF-MP-19-002,FRF-TP-19-003B1,FRF-GF-19-032B,and 06500141)the State Key Laboratory for Ad-vanced Metals and Materials(No.2019Z-05)the Integ-ration of Green Key Process Systems MIIT.
文摘Municipal solid waste incineration products of bottom ash(BA),fly ash(FA),and pickling sludge(PS),causing severe environ-mental pollution,were transformed into glass ceramic foams with the aid of CaCO3 as a pore-foaming agent during sintering.The effect of the BA/FA mass ratio on the phase composition,pore morphology,pore size distribution,physical properties,and glass structure was investigated,with results showing that with the increase in the BA/FA ratio,the content of the glass phase,Si-O-Si,and Q3Si units decrease gradually.The glass transmission temperature of the mixture was also reduced.When combined,the glass viscosity decreases,causing bubble coalescence and uneven pore distribution.Glass ceramic foams with uniform spherical pores are fabricated.When the content of BA,FA,and PS are 35wt%,45wt%,and 20wt%,respectively,contributing to high performance glass ceramic foams with a bulk density of 1.76 g/cm3,porosity of 56.01%,and compressive strength exceeding 16.23 MPa.This versatile and low-cost approach provides new insight into synergistically recycling solid wastes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50975134)
文摘Thin silver films are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on glass ceramic at room temperature.Variations of sputtering power,bios voltage and power density are carried out for each deposition,then parts of as-deposited samples are subjected to annealing at 600 ℃ within a vacuum chamber.Structural properties are studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM).It is shown that structural properties have a strong dependency on sputtering power and annealing temperature.Electrical contact resistance measured by a four point probe instrument is directly affected by the thickness of films.It is also found that the film conductivity,especially in thinner films,is improved by the increasing grain size.Finally,the film adhesion is observed by scratch tests.And the adhesive ability deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering shows a better performance than that produced by traditional methods.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51302171)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.14500503300)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(Grant No.12ZR1430900)
文摘Color conversion glass ceramics are prepared by cosintering borosilicate glass frits and green0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) phosphors.The crystal structures,the influence of Ga concentration on the photoluminescence(PL),and reliability properties of the color conversion glass ceramics are investigated.The PL emission wavelengths of 0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) glass ceramics show blue shift from 545 nm to 525 nm with increasing Ga content(x value)under excited at 460 nm.Reliability test results show that the quantum yield(QY)of0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) glass ceramics decreases from 70.60%to 59.06%with x value increasing from 0.15 to0.35 under the ambient condition of 85~?C/RH85%for the exposure time of 168 h.And the quantum yield(QY)of0.06Ce:Y_(2.94)(Al_(1-x)Ga_x)_5O_(12) glass ceramics decreases from 65.13%to 52.23%after being soaked into boiled water for 4 h.The finding reveals that the addition of Ga can deteriorate the reliability of the color conversion glass ceramics.
基金supported by Department of Science and Technology (DST)-Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB),Government of India(DST-SERB-EMR/2017/001548)。
文摘Sm^(3+) ions incorporated Sm_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) crystalline phase formed in the aluminoborosilicate glass matrix synthesized via melting quenching technique followed by heat-treatment process is reported herewith.The preliminary confirmation on the obtained glass ceramics was made through X-ray diffration(XRD) studies.Formation of non-bridging oxygens(NBOs) in the glass network and the modes of vibrations of network units we re analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) studies.Surface morphology of heat-treated samples at varying temperatures was determined via a field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM).The absorption studies on heat-treated samples signify the low bandgap values and high Urbach energy values due to improved crystallinity in the glass network.Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters identified for visible absorption transitions follow the trend of Ω_(4)>Ω_(2)>Ω_(6).Excitation and emission studies on heat-treated samples show improvement in their intensities compared to the unheated base glass.The thermal quenching is observed at higher temperatures(540 and 580℃ for 3 h) of heat-treated samples.Calculations based on luminescence spectra including radiative transition probability,stimulated emission cross-section and branching ratio show good results for glass ceramics prior to precursor glass.Longer lifetimes of Sm^(3+) ions(milliseconds) in the level ^(4)G_(5/2) are seen for glass ceramics.Color coordinates suggest the reddish-orange emissions from prepared glass ceramics.Thus,Sm^(3+) doped Sm_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) glass ceramics are favorable materials for solid-state lighting and laser applications.
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2013CB921800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11274299,11374291,11574298,11404321)
文摘Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+) co-doped transparent glass ceramics containing CaF_2 nanocrystals were successfully synthesized by high temperature melt-quenching method and subsequent heating. The structure and morphology of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmittance electron microscopy(TEM), high resolution TEM(HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction(SAED). The photoluminescence properties and energy transfer process from Tb^(3+) to Eu^(3+) of CaF_2:Tb^(3+),Eu^(3+) phosphors were also investigated through excitation spectra and decay curves. In addition, the emission spectra of the glass ceramics in a wide temperature range from 21 to 320 K were recorded under the excitation of 485 nm. It was found that the fluorescence intensity ratios of Tb^(3+) at 545 nm(~5D_4→~7F_5) to Eu^(3+) at 615 nm(~5D_0→~7F_2) was highly temperature-dependent with an approximate linear relationship, and the temperature sensitivity was about 0.4%/K. It is expected that the investigated Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+) co-doped CaF_2 glass ceramics may have prospective application in optical thermometry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61275180 and 51472125)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘The Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) single-doped and co-doped glasses and glass ceramics containing YPO_4 nanocrystals have been synthesized by melt quenching method. The structural and luminescent properties of these glass specimens were investigated. Under 375 nm wavelength excitation, the emission spectra combined with blue, green and red bands were observed, which achieved the white light emission. Moreover, the energy transfer between Tb^(3+) and Sm^(3+)ions was validated by decay lifetime measurement and energy level diagram.The color coordinates(x = 0.333, y = 0.333), correlated color temperature(5595 K) and the color rendering index(Ra = 80.5) indicated that the glass ceramics were considered to be good lighting source. Hence,the YPO_(4-) based Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) co-doped glass ceramics can act as potential matrix materials for white lightemitting diodes under ultraviolet excitation.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2005213,11774346,51972303,51872288,and 11974350)the Fujian Provincial Key Project of Science&Technology(Grant No.2020H0035)the Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZR134).
文摘Up-to-date laser-driven lightings confront a challenge of simultaneously achieving good photometric and chromatic performances.Herein,the coupling of“patterned package design”and“phosphor wheel”was proposed and demonstrated effectively to deal with this tough issue,based on a new architecture of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+(CASN:Eu)glass ceramic film(GCF)on Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)(YAG:Ce)GC plate.The fabricated composite has no interface between the two functional layers and retains the admirable luminescent features from CASN:Eu and YAG:Ce for the microstructural integrity during co-sintering.The studies on laser-microcrystalline interactions reveal that the luminescence saturation is almost determined by thermal quenching for YAG:Ce,but is ascribed to thermal/intensity quenching which are equally crucial for CASN:Eu.Benefiting from the elaborate architecture design,good color chromaticity tunability was obtained,and severe photon reabsorption was reduced.Moreover,accompanied with the rotation induced increase of thermal convection to air and pulse-like excitation,the constructed lighting engine under blue laser driven shows bright white light with luminous flux(LF)higher than 1000 lm,adjustable chromaticity from cool to warm,and improved color rendering index(CRI)approaching to 70.
基金The authors thank National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172164,51872270)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0207700)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ21A040002)National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund Project(U190920054).
文摘Natural sunlight activated persistent luminescence(PeL)is ideal candidate for optical information display in outdoors without the requirement of electric supply.Except the brightness and duration,the stability especially water resistance of the PeL materials is of significant importance for practical application,which remains a great obstacle up to date.Herein,we report a new sunlight activated PeL glass ceramic containing hexagonal Sr_(13)Al_(22)Si_(10)O_(66):Eu^(2+)crystals,which exhibits strong blue PeL and can last more than 200 h.The PeL can be charged by the full wavelengths located in AM 1.5G due to the broad distribution of traps in the crystal structure.The PeL is clearly observed by the naked eye even after 24 h upon sunlight irradiation irrespective of the weather,and the photoluminescence intensity only decreased~3.3%after storing in water for 365 d.We demonstrate its potential application for thermal and stress responsive display as well as long-term continuous security indication upon sunlight irradiation,which not only save vast energy and reduce environment pollution,but also are appropriate for outdoor usage.
基金supported by the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology,China(No.17441904100).
文摘The novel dental ceramics can be fabricated at lower temperatures when sol-gel derived lithium disilicate glass ceramics(LDGC)was used as an additive for yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline(Y-TZP)ceramics.The effect of LDGC on the sintering,mechanical,and translucent properties of Y-TZP ceramics was investigated in the present study.The results showed that the LDGC additive effectively improved the densification of Y-TZP at 1100℃,which was much lower than the sintering temperature for pure Y-TZP.When sintered at 1100℃,the Y-TZP with 1 wt%LDGC reached a relative density of 95.45%,and prossessed a flexural strength of 482.4 MPa and a fracture toughness of 5.94 MPa-m12.Moreover,its translucency was also improved.While,the addition of LDGC could result in an escape of yttrium atoms from the grain lattice of zirconia,which induced the tetragonal-monoclinic transformation of zirconia and abnormal growth of monoclinic grains.The escaped yttrium atoms diffused into the intergranular glass phase.The results indicated that the novel Y-TZP-LDGC ceramics has a great potential to be used for all-ceramic restorations.
文摘Glass-ceramic samples, having composition of SiO<sub>2</sub>-35, CaO-45, Na<sub>2</sub>O-10 and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-10 in weight ratio were prepared through sintering route. Glass powder was reinforced by Al powder. The strength of glass-ceramic composite was found to be temperature dependent, and it varies with the addition of Al powder. Flexural strength increases with the increase of powder addition and sintering temperature, however, decreases with the increase of sintering time. There is an optimum temperature (>1100℃) above which flexural strength of all samples decreases. Bulk density changes to a higher value as the addition of Al-powder increases up to 3% by weight above which density decreases slowly. On the other hand, apparent porosity and water absorption decrease with the increase of percentage of Al powder added. Porosity and water absorption also showed a dependent characteristic on sintering time and sintering temperature.
文摘Glasses in the system 24.5Na<sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O·24.5CaO·6P</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·xSrO·(45-x)SiO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> have been</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> studied in the composition region of x = 0 - 15 mol%. The as prepared glasses are transparent and have an amorphous network structure. On the otherhand, heat treated glasses are transformed to opaque white glass ceramic characterized by their highly crystalline network structure. Crystalline apatite (calcium phosphate, Ca</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, wollastonite (calcium silicate, CaSiO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), and strontium calcium phosphate</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ca</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sr(PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are the main well-formed crystalline species played the major role in material bioactivity. Increasing SrO leads to enhancing material crystallite and enhances the hardness of the host glass matrix. The change of XRD spectra, </span><sup><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">31</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P NMR chemical shift and hardness number upon increasing SrO are considered due to modification of the apatit Ca(PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to involve Sr ions inducing Ca</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sr (PO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> apatite one. Such species play the role in enhancing material properties and hardness.</span></span>
基金The work has been done in the frame of FLAG(Femtosecond Laser Application in Glasses)consortium project with the support of Agence Nationale pour la Recherche(ANR-09-BLAN-0172-01)The authors extend thanks to China Scholarship Council and UniversitéParis-Sud.
文摘To control second harmonic generation (SHG) in silica-based glasses is crucial for fabricating photonic devices, such as frequency doubling waveguides. Here, we investigated SHG of laser induced nonlinear optical crystals in silica-based glasses, according to writing speed and pulse energy. We observed two regions with different probing laser polarization angular dependence: a) a well-defined cosine-like curve with period of 180° at low pulse energy (0.8 μJ) whatever the writing speed or at high pulse energy (1.4 μJ) with high writing speed (25 μm/s). This is accounted for by a well-defined texture for the nano crystals with their polar axis oriented perpendicular to the writing laser polarization;and b) a double cosine-like curve revealing a second texture of the crystals at high pulse energy (1.4 μJ) with low writing speed (5 μm/s) and with the polar axis oriented closer parallel to the writing laser polarization. Therefore, a SHG dependence on probing laser polarization angle may show high contrast by a correct choice of the writing speed and pulse energy. These results pave the way for elaboration of nonlinear optical devices.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61865003)Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials(No.211009-Z).
文摘In order to meet the needs of new materials gradually developing towards miniaturization,integration,and light weight,multifunctional BaNb_(2)O_(6):Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+)/Tm^(3+)transparent glass-ceramics were success-fully prepared by melt quenching and controllable crystallization.Its structure,luminescence,and en-ergy transmission were studied.Using the opposite temperature dependence of the Tm^(3+)emission band and the corresponding large energy level gap,a maximum relative sensitivity of 2.3%K^(-1)based on thermal coupling levels(TCLs)is obtained in a wide temperature range(298-673 K).The multi-ratio optical thermometry based on TCLs and non-TCLs is successfully realized by using the different emission bands of double emission centers,which makes it possible for self-reference optical temperature measurement modes.In addition,the transparent glass-ceramic exhibits excellent electrical properties under 700 kV cm^(-1)electric field:high discharge energy density(W_(d)=0.99 J cm^(-3)),huge instantaneous power density(225.3 MW cm^(-3)),and ultra-fast discharge rate(T_(0.9)≤15.8 ns).The prepared glass-ceramic is expected to be a new type of lead-free multifunctional photoelectric material for temperature sensors and transparent electronic devices.
基金This work was supported by the Romanian NASC under the Project EURATOM
文摘We present the magnetic properties of magnetic glass ceramics obtained by crystallization of Fe containing borosilicate glass.Two types of nucleators have been used:Cr2O3 and P2O5.The role of the nucleators proved to be crucial in the size and morphology of the crystallites developed within glassy matrix as well in the magnetic response.The former stimulates the growth of regular single crystals uniformly dispersed within the matrix whereas the latter leads to the formation of grains made of tiny(30 nm),nanocrystals.The magnetic response depends on the amount of Fe ions left dispersed within glassy matrix as paramagnetic ions.Although P2O5 leads to the best structural magnetite,almost 42%of Fe ions are left dispersed in the matrix without magnetic interaction.In the case of Cr2O3,the paramagnetic Fe is decreased to 12%but structural deficiency in the occupancy of the Fe sites of magnetite is revealed by Mössbauer spectroscopy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772030,21203008,21975025)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(2172051)+1 种基金Beijing Outstanding Young Scientists Program(BJJWZYJH01201910007023)the State Key Laboratory funding by the project for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghou University.
文摘The development of an inorganic electrochemical stable solid-state electrolyte is essentially responsible for future state-of-the-art all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Because of their advantages in safety,working temperature,high energy density,and packaging,ASSLBs can develop an ideal energy storage system for modern electric vehicles(EVs).A solid electrolyte(SE)model must have an economical synthesis approach,exhibit electrochemical and chemical stability,high ionic conductivity,and low interfacial resistance.Owing to its highest conductivity of 17 mS·cm^(-1),and deformability,the sulfide-based Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11) solid electrolyte is a promising contender for the high-performance bulk type of ASSLBs.Herein,we present a current glimpse of the progress of synthetic procedures,structural aspects,and ionic conductivity improvement strategies.Structural elucidation and mechanistic approaches have been extensively discussed by using various characterization techniques.The chemical stability of Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11) could be enhanced via oxide doping,and hard and soft acid/base(HSAB)concepts are also discussed.The issues to be undertaken for designing the ideal solid electrolytes,interfacial challenges,and high energy density have been discoursed.This review aims to provide a bird’s eye view of the recent development of Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11)-based solid-state electrolyte applications and explore the strategies for designing new solid electrolytes with a target-oriented approach to enhance the efficiency of high energy density allsolid-state lithium batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos 51503102)
文摘A solid electrolyte of LAGP[Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(1.5)(PO_(4))_(3)]contained 0.5 wt%Li F was prepared by using low-volatile raw materials.The effects of different heat treatment conditions(750–900°C,4–10 h)and additive(Li F)on the ionic conductivity,structural morphology,and crystal transformation process were investigated in detail.EIS(electrochemical impedance spectroscopies)showed that the ionic conductivity of LAGP contained 0.5 wt%Li F had a highest value of 3.17×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)with low activation energy(0.31 e V)after treating 825°C for 6 h,more than LAGP of 2.45×10^(-4)S cm^(-1).DSC analysis and SEM images indicated that adding a small amount of Li F to LAGP not only can lower the glass transition temperature(from 513°C to507°C)and crystallization temperature(from 622°C to 605°C),but also can modify the grain boundary and increase the relative density of LAGP(from 95.8%to 97.7%).
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3500503)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272141,51972060,12074068,52102159,and 22103013)Natural Science Foundation of FujianProvince(Nos.2022J05091,2020J02017,2021J06021,2021J01190,and 2020J01931).
文摘Recently,high-performance color converters excitable by blue laser diode(LD)have sprung up for projection displays.However,the thermal accumulation effect of the color converters is a non-negligible problem under high-power LD irradiation.Herein,we developed novel opto-functional composites(patterned CaAlSiN3:Eu^(2+)phosphor-in-glass film–Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)phosphor-in-glass film@Al_(2)O_(3)plate with aluminum"heat sink")via a thermal management methodology of combining"phosphor wheel"and"heat sink"for a lighting source of highpower laser projection displays.This new composite design makes it effective to transport generated thermal phonons away to reduce the thermal ionization process,and to yield stable and high-quality white light with brightness of 4510 lm@43 W,luminous efficacy of 105 lm/W,correlated color temperature of 3541 K,and color rendering index of 80.0.Furthermore,the phosphor-in-glass film-converted laser projection system was also successfully designed,showing a more vivid color effect compared to a traditional LED-based projector.This work emphasizes the importance of the thermal management upon high-power laser irradiation,and hopefully facilitates the development of a new LD-driven lighting source for high-power laser projection displays.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Projects(Nos.2019YFC1907101,2019YFC1907103 and 2017YFB0702304)Key R&D Project in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2020BCE01001)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51672024)Xinjiang Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team(No.2017A0109004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.FRFIC-19-007,FRF-IC-19-017Z,FRF-MP-19-002,FRF-TP-19-003B1,FRF-GF-19-032B and 06500141)the State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials(No.2019Z-05)Integration of Green Key Process Systems MIIT。
文摘Municipal solid waste incinerated(MSWI) fly ash contains heavy metals and chloride,which is urgent to be disposed via an effective method.Herein,glass-ceramics,one of the recycling waste materials based on MSWI fly ash with high chloride content,have been developed from one-step process.MSWI fly ash and waste glass have been utilized as calcium and silicon sources,respectively.Glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by the one-step process.It is found that the increase in MSWI fly ash promotes the fracture of glass mesh(Si-O)and the generation of non-bridging oxygen,reducing the polymerization degree of glass network structure,which leads to the decrease in glass stability.The difference between glass transition temperature(T_(g)) and crystallization temperature(T_(c)) was narrowed,and crystallization activation energy of basic glass was reduced,which promoted crystallization.With lower crystallization activation energy(E=217.56 kJ·mol^(-1)) and high utilization rate of 50 wt% MSWI fly ash,the optimal glass-ceramics with spherical diopside,cuspidine and glass phase,excellent hardness of 7.97 GPa and bending resistance of 114.86 MPa are achieved.It is worth mentioning that most of the high content of chlorine in MSWI fly ash will evaporate during vitrification process;the residual chlorine as well as heavy metals can be present steadily in crystalline grains.Therefore,this study not only increases the attachment value of MSWI fly ash,but also eliminates the problems caused by high chlorine and heavy metals in MSWI fly ash.
