The effects of 5 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)fermentation on the pasting properties of glutinous rice flour were compared,and suitable fermentation strains were selected based on the changes of viscosity,setback value,an...The effects of 5 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)fermentation on the pasting properties of glutinous rice flour were compared,and suitable fermentation strains were selected based on the changes of viscosity,setback value,and breakdown value to prepare LAB compound starter cultures.The results revealed that Latilactobacillus sakei HSD004 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HSD005 had apparent advantages in increasing the viscosity and reducing the setback and breakdown values of glutinous rice flour.In particular,the compound starter created using the two abovementioned LAB in the ratio of 3:1 had better performance than that using a single LAB in improving the pasting properties and increasing the water and oil absorption capacity of glutinous rice flour.Moreover,the gelatinization enthalpy of the fermented samples increased significantly.For frozen glutinous rice dough stored for 28 days,the viscoelasticity of frozen dough prepared by compound starter was better than that of control dough,and the freezable water content was lower than that of control dough.These results indicate that compound LAB fermentation is a promising technology in the glutinous rice-based food processing industry,which has significance for its application.展开更多
Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions a...Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions and health benefits.This review aims to summarize the nutritional compositions,volatile compounds,and health benefits of glutinous rice.Further,in-depth studies are necessary to explore the utilization of glutinous rice in enhancing processing technologies and developing new food products.Glutinous rice has been shown to possess numerous health benefits,including antioxidant activity,bioactive compounds,anti-cancer properties,anti-inflammatory effects,anti-diabetic potential,and cholesterol-lowering effects.Besides its nutritional compositions,the major volatile compounds identified in glutinous rice could serve as a functional food for human consumption.Emerging processing technologies related to glutinous rice are elaborated to improve the latest developments for incorporating them into various food products.展开更多
The mechanism of glutinous rice flour,a kind of natural admixture,on the hydration process,setting time,and microstructure of the Portland cement was investigated.The experimental results show that the glutinous rice ...The mechanism of glutinous rice flour,a kind of natural admixture,on the hydration process,setting time,and microstructure of the Portland cement was investigated.The experimental results show that the glutinous rice flour has an obvious setting retarding effect on cement pastes.The optimal dosage of the glutinous rice flour is 3wt%.In this case,the initial and final setting time of the paste are delayed by 140 and185 min,respectively.The flexural and compressive strengths of the hardened paste are increased by 0.35%and 0.07%after 56 d of curing.The glutinous rice flour hinders the mineral dissolution process and decreases the concentration of calcium ion at the initial stage of hydration due to the complexation effect,thereby hindering the nucleation and growth of CH and C-S-H phases and prolonging the hydration process.However,C-S-H phases combine with the glutinous rice flour to contribute the bonding effect together,which compacts the microstructure of hardened cement pastes at the later hydration stage of cement pastes.Thus,in-depth investigation on the utilization of glutinous rice flour as the admixture for the Portland cement is expected to be meaningful for the control of hydration exothermic rate and setting time.展开更多
A large number of loose piles formed by mountain hazards are highly susceptible to hydraulic erosion under rainfall conditions.The use of ecological substrate materials for erosion control and ecological restoration o...A large number of loose piles formed by mountain hazards are highly susceptible to hydraulic erosion under rainfall conditions.The use of ecological substrate materials for erosion control and ecological restoration of gravel soil slopes has become a current research hotspot and the study difficulty.The post-earthquake slump accumulation gravel soil in Jiuzhaigou was selected as the research object,and the self-developed modified glutinous rice-based material was used to reinforce the gravel soil.The variable slope flume erosion test and rainfall simulation test were carried out to study the water erosion resistance of the material reconstructed soil under the influence of runoff erosion and raindrop splash erosion.The results show that:As the material content reached 12.5%,the reconstructed soil did not disintegrate after 24 hours of immersion,the internal friction angle was increased by 42.26%,and the cohesion was increased by 235.5%,which played a significant reinforcement effect.In the process of slope erosion,the soil rill erodibility parameter Kr was only 3‰ of the gravel soil control group,the critical shear force τ increased by 272%,and the soil erosion resistance was significantly improved.In the process of rainfall and rainfall on the slope,the runoff intensity of the reconstructed soil was stable,and the ability to resist runoff erosion and raindrop splash erosion was enhanced.The maximum value of soil loss rate on different slope slopes is 0.02-0.10 g·m^(-2)s^(-1),which is significantly lower than that of the control group and has better erosion reduction effect.展开更多
There were quite abundant prototypical ethnic cultures and plant diversity in Qiandongnan （ Southeast of Guizhou） ,where the primitive natural ecology was also perfectly conserved. It was honored by World Native Cul...There were quite abundant prototypical ethnic cultures and plant diversity in Qiandongnan （ Southeast of Guizhou） ,where the primitive natural ecology was also perfectly conserved. It was honored by World Native Culture Fund as One of the Eighteen Ecological and Cultural Conservations in the World. The prototypical ethnic culture of Southeast of Guizhou, as a stable life-style and economic culture type of the local people, came into being in the process of the local minorities＇ communicating, blending and struggling against the natural environment in the long course of history. It could be seen from this research that there were our preliminary research that there are quite abundant resources in Southeast of Guizhou in terms of prototypical ethnic cultures and genetic diversity of glutinous rice. A full reflection of the culture of Glutinous Rice could be seen in the local minority people＇s daily life, production, custom, religious belief, etc. These showed that the formation and great vitality of the genetic diversity of glutinous rice was not only determined by the diversity of local prototypical ethnic cultures but also to its own biotic condition and its adaptation to natural ecology. It was showed that prototypical ethnic cultures had positive impact on the conservation and utilization of Glutinous Rice diversity.展开更多
In order to evaluate the genetic relationships between glutinous sorghum germplasms, 25 pair of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of29 varieties. The result showed that a total of 59 alleles were ...In order to evaluate the genetic relationships between glutinous sorghum germplasms, 25 pair of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of29 varieties. The result showed that a total of 59 alleles were identified with an average of 2.28 alleles per locus. The average effective number of alleles（NE） was1.81.The average polymorphism information content（PIC） varied widely from 0.17 to0.62 with an average value of 0.34.The similarity coefficients of the 29 glutinous sorghum germplasms ranged from 0.203 to 0.949 with an average value of 0.593.Clustering analysis with UPGMA showed that the varieties could be divided into two groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.475.The varieties from different geographic originswere clustered into one subclass, and the varieties with similar agronomic traits were clustered into one subclass, which indicated that the genetic relationships among materials was not in accordance with their geographical origins,and the glutinous sorghum germplasm resources showed abundant genetic diversity in the study.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to improve comprehensive utilization value of glutinous rice straw and to develop new raw material for preparation of activated carbon. [Method] Using potassium hydroxide as activator and ...[Objective] This study aimed to improve comprehensive utilization value of glutinous rice straw and to develop new raw material for preparation of activated carbon. [Method] Using potassium hydroxide as activator and glutinous rice straw as raw material, activated carbon was prepared. [Result] The optimum technological conditions for preparation of activated carbon from glutinous rice straw were as fol- lows： activator concentration of 2 mol/L, activation time of 60 min, activation tem- perature of 600 ℃ and carbonization temperature of 450℃. The adsorption values of methylene blue and iodine by activated carbon prepared from glutinous rico straw were 10.21 ml/0.1 g and 920.74 mg/g respectively under the optimal conditions. The quality of the prepared activated carbon met the grade two of water quality purifica- tion-using activated carbon quality standard. [Conclusion] This study will provide certain references for comprehensive utilization of glutinous rice straw and preparation of high-performance activated carbon.展开更多
45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutino...45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutinous maintainer line TL169-239B which bred by Tieling Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 1991 as the female parent and glutinous maintainer line72B bred by the authors＇ institute as the male parent, then, based on the backcross breeding between glutinous single plant chosen from F2 segregation population and Tx623A. There are ten hybrid sorghum varieties which already have been examined and approved by national and above provincial（municipal） level units; the patent of this breeding method has been authorized （the patent number： ZL 2012 1 0129155.6）; 45A is protected by the Right of New Varieties of Plants, MOA, P.R. China （the variety right number： CNA20090576.1）. In this paper, the breeding process of 45A and the characteristics of 45A sterile line and its hybrid sorghum were summed up, what＇s more, the technical key points of high-yielding breed of 45A and the production of hybrid sorghum seeds were introduced, to provide data for further popularizing the sterile line.展开更多
Using 3 sterile lines and 12 restorer of glutinous sorghum as experimental materials,36 hybrid combinations（3×12 NCⅡ） were designed to analyze the combining ability and heritability of six main agronomic trait...Using 3 sterile lines and 12 restorer of glutinous sorghum as experimental materials,36 hybrid combinations（3×12 NCⅡ） were designed to analyze the combining ability and heritability of six main agronomic traits,including plant height,panicle length,growth period,1 000-grain weight,per panicle grains and per panicle grain weight.The results showed that except per panicle grain number all other five agronomic traits have remarkable or extremely remarkable general combining ability and specific combining ability.Six agronomic traits were found to be control by additive genetic effect.Most of these agronomic traits are more easily influenced by restorers than sterile lines,suggesting that more attention should be paid to select restores in hybrid glutinous sorghum breeding.The narrow-sense heritability of these agronomic traits were in order growth period plant height per panicle grain weight panicle length 1 000-grain weight per panicle grains.展开更多
Guizhou Province is part of the glutinous rice cultivation sphere in our country.Its rice production and germplasm resources play an important role.The southeast region is the centre of the Guizhou glutinous rice cult...Guizhou Province is part of the glutinous rice cultivation sphere in our country.Its rice production and germplasm resources play an important role.The southeast region is the centre of the Guizhou glutinous rice cultivation and characterized by waxy wo,which is treasure of the original farming culture of southeast Guizhou region and an important symbol for ethnic cultural identity of the region.展开更多
In order to reduce successive cropping obstacles, optimize field arrange-ment of double-cropping of sorghum and soybean and improve yields, the research used Guojiaohong No.1 and Nandou No.12 as raw materials to explo...In order to reduce successive cropping obstacles, optimize field arrange-ment of double-cropping of sorghum and soybean and improve yields, the research used Guojiaohong No.1 and Nandou No.12 as raw materials to explore the effects of different field arrangements on yield and benefits of double-cropping. The results indicated that with the double-cropping, both of gross yield and output value were higher compared with single-cropping treatments; yield, thousand-grain weight, the weight of grain per ear, and ear length of the 1st-season glutinous sorghum de-creased as compartment width grew, and of regenerated sorghum and soybean changed from increasing to decreasing. Specifical y, with double-cropping system, gross yield of glutinous sorghum reached the highest at 8 352.9 kg/hm2 with com-partment width of 1.7 m and soybean yield the highest at 1 888.95 kg/hm2 with compartment width of 1.8 m. Additional y, gross output value and net incomes achieved the highest at 47 293.92 yuan/hm2 and 29 976.42 kg/hm2 for the two crops, with compartment width of 1.7 m, fol owed by the treatment with compart-ment width of 1.8 m. In general, the treatments with compartment widths of 1.7 and 1.8 m are optimal field arrangement. Additional y, output-to-input ratio was the high-est in the treatment with single-cropping glutinous sorghum and the least in the treatment with single-cropping soybeans.展开更多
A response surface method was employed to study the effect of α-amylase concentration, hydrolysis temperature and time on the production of high protein glutinous rice flour(HPGRF). The suspension of glutinous rice f...A response surface method was employed to study the effect of α-amylase concentration, hydrolysis temperature and time on the production of high protein glutinous rice flour(HPGRF). The suspension of glutinous rice flour(15%) that contained 6.52% protein was gelatinized and subsequently hydrolyzed by thermostable α-amylase. The hydrolysis yielded 0.144–0.222 g/g HPGRF with 29.4%–45.4% protein content. Hydrolysis time exerted a significant effect, while enzyme concentration and hydrolysis temperature showed insignificant effect on the protein content and production yield of HPGRF. The result of response surface method showed that the optimum condition for the production of HPGRF that contained at least 36% protein was treating gelatinized 15% glutinous rice flour suspension with 0.90 Kilo Novo α-amylase Unit(KNU)/g α-amylase at 80 oC for 99 min. By carrying out the predicted hydrolysis condition, HPGRF with 35.9% protein and 61.8% carbohydrates was resulted. The process yielded 0.172 g/g HPGRF. HPGRF contained higher amount of essential amino acids compared to glutinous rice flour. HPGRF had higher solubility and lower swelling power, and also showed no pasting peak compared with glutinous rice flour.展开更多
Glutinous rice starch(GRS) is commonly produced in the Northeast of Thailand. GRS is a biopolymer which is widely used in the food industry but not yet commonly applied within the pharmaceutical industry as an alterna...Glutinous rice starch(GRS) is commonly produced in the Northeast of Thailand. GRS is a biopolymer which is widely used in the food industry but not yet commonly applied within the pharmaceutical industry as an alternative resource. GRS exhibits a branch chain structure which is not feasible to fabricate as nanofiber. Therefore, combining GRS with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) in hybrid form can be a potential platform to produce GRS-PVA nanofibers.Smooth nanofibers of 2%(w/v) GRS combined with 8%(w/v) PVA were fabricated by an electrospinning process. A scanning electron microscope(SEM) revealed an average diameter size of the GRS-PVA nanofibers equal to 191 ± 25 nm. A highly water soluble model drug,Chlorpheniramine maleate(CPM), was incorporated into the GRS-PVA electrospun fibers to prove a drug delivery carrier concept and drug release control of the nanofibers. The GRSPVA nanofibers exhibited a biphasic CPM release in which approximately 60% of the drug immediately released in 10 min, and it reached 90% drug release in 120 min. This study demonstrated a potential application of GRS combining with PVA as an oral drug delivery carrier.Therefore, it can be a promised step that expands the application GRS in pharmaceuticals and related areas.展开更多
Silicon(Si)has been investigated as a promising anode material because of its high theoretical capacity(4200 m Ah g^(-1)).However,silicon anode suffers from huge volume changes during repeated charge–discharge cycles...Silicon(Si)has been investigated as a promising anode material because of its high theoretical capacity(4200 m Ah g^(-1)).However,silicon anode suffers from huge volume changes during repeated charge–discharge cycles.In this work,inspired by a remarkable success of the glutinous rice mortar in the Great Wall with ca.2000-year history,amylopectin(AP),the key ingredient responsible for the strong bonding force,is extracted from glutinous rice and utilized as a flexible,aqueous,and resilient binder to address the most challenging drastic volume-expansion and pulverization issues of silicon anode.Additionally,the removal of toxic N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP)organic solvent makes the electrode fabrication process environmentally friendly and healthy.The as-prepared Si-AP electrode with 60 wt%of Si can uphold a high discharge capacity of 1517.9 m Ah g^(-1)at a rate of 0.1 C after 100 cycles.The cycling stability of the Si-AP has been remarkably improved in comparison with both traditional polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and aqueous carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)binders.Moreover,when the content of silicon in the Si-AP electrode increases to 70 wt%,a high discharge capacity of 1463.1 m Ah g^(-1)can still be obtained after 50 cycles at 0.1°C.These preliminary results suggest that the sustainably available and environmentally benign amylopectin binders could be a promising choice for the construction of highly stable silicon anodes.展开更多
Young embryos of rice (Oryza saliva L. subsp. japonica var. Guo-xiang No.l) were cultured on MS agar medium(2,4-D 2 mg/l). Calli were formed and subcultured on N6 agar medium (2,4-D 2 mg/l). After selection, the small...Young embryos of rice (Oryza saliva L. subsp. japonica var. Guo-xiang No.l) were cultured on MS agar medium(2,4-D 2 mg/l). Calli were formed and subcultured on N6 agar medium (2,4-D 2 mg/l). After selection, the small, grainy and pale yellowish cell clusters with dense cytoplasm were used in protoplast preparation. Isolated protoplasts were cultured in N6 medium (2,4-D 1 mg/l, 6-BA 0.2 mg/l)1 with agarose block culture method. The protoplasts grew, divided and formed calli. After inducing differentiation, the regenerated mature plants were obtained.展开更多
The chemical composition of 8 different special glutinous rice varieties was analyzed,and its effects on the physical and chemical properties of the wines brewed were investigated. The correlations between major chemi...The chemical composition of 8 different special glutinous rice varieties was analyzed,and its effects on the physical and chemical properties of the wines brewed were investigated. The correlations between major chemical constituents and quality of glutinous rice were analyzed. The results show that the contents of the major chemical constituents in the special glutinous rice varieties were not much different,and they all ranked as starch’s > protein’s > fat’s. After 4-8 weeks of fermentation,the total acidity decreased with time( excepting Heixiangnuo),the total residual sugar reduced significantly,and the alcohol content increased significantly. The correlations between starch content of glutinous rice and physical and chemical indices and sensory quality of its brewed wine were not significant. There are positive correlations between protein content and various indices,and the correlation with total acidity reached the significant level. Fat content was negatively correlated with alcohol content,and positively correlated with sensory quality.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis technology of glutinous rice and the oxidation resistance activity of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Method ] White glutinous rice was hydrolyzed...[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis technology of glutinous rice and the oxidation resistance activity of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Method ] White glutinous rice was hydrolyzed using four kinds of proteases including neutral protease, alkaline protease, papain and trypsin. Using the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical （ ·OH） as an indicator and appropriate protease as hydrolytic enzyme, the effects of protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH on the abilities of proteases to scavenge hydroxyl radical from enzymatic hydrolysis solution of glutinous rice were investigated. Based on single-factor test, L9 （34） orthogonal experimental design was adopted, to determine the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condi- tions leading to the highest oxidation resistance activity of enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Result] The optimized process parameters for enzymatic hydrolysis of glu- tinous rice protein with neutral protease were： protein substrate concentration of 2%, enzyme dosage of 24 000 U/g protein （protein meter）, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃, initial pH of 8.0, and enzymatic hydrolysis duration of 0.5 h; under these conditions, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate could reach 56. 05% ; protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH had extremely significant effects on the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate. In addition, the activities of antioxidant peptides in glutinous rice hydrolysates were well maintained within a temperature range of 60 - 100℃. [Condusion] The study produced theoretical feasibility reference for the production of functional base powder by spray drying.展开更多
Bangcangjingnuo is a new, mid-maturing conventional Japonica type glutinous rice variety bred by Hunan Rice Research Institute and Hunan Wucai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. In 2017, the Hun...Bangcangjingnuo is a new, mid-maturing conventional Japonica type glutinous rice variety bred by Hunan Rice Research Institute and Hunan Wucai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. In 2017, the Hunan Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee approved Bangcangjingnuo. The breeding process of this cultivar was expounded in this study. This cultivar is highly glutinous and waxy, it produces a stable high yield, and it possesses the quality of low temperature resistance. The theoretical yield of Bangcangjingnuo is 8 731.5 kg/hm^2, and the actual output is about 7 422.0 kg/hm^2 according to the 85% discount.Finally, we described the main points of cultivation technique from the perspectives of timely planting and strict seed sterilization.展开更多
A ferrocene-mediated glucose biosensor removing interference of ascorbic acid and uric acid was developed by coating of ferrocene, glutin and cellulose acetate on screen-printed gold electrode surface. The resuhs show...A ferrocene-mediated glucose biosensor removing interference of ascorbic acid and uric acid was developed by coating of ferrocene, glutin and cellulose acetate on screen-printed gold electrode surface. The resuhs show that it can detect glucose sensitively in the presence of uric acid and ascorbic acid, and also suppress the leakage velocity of fcrrocene. Compared to the currents of the pretreated electrode, it decreases the current of uric acid and ascorbic acid by 99.4% and 98.8% at 400 mV, respectively, with a dynamic range of 0 - 30 mM for glucose, sensitivity of 30.73 nA/mM, response time of 10 s, and correlation coefficient of 0.998 8.展开更多
In order to study the correlation between the cracking of rice (Oryza sativa L.) kernels and the molecular structure of the amylopectin in them, we attempted optical sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy in the ...In order to study the correlation between the cracking of rice (Oryza sativa L.) kernels and the molecular structure of the amylopectin in them, we attempted optical sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy in the C-H stretching vibration region for normal and cracked japonica non-glutinous rice kernels. The samples were Koshihikari and Nipponbare. In Nipponbare, the width of the SFG spectrum peak at 2915 cm<sup>- 1</sup> of the cracked rice kernels was broader than that of the normal ones, while for Koshihikari there was no clear difference. The width of the 2915 cm<sup>- 1</sup> peak is suggested to originate from the variety of the higher-order structure of the saccharide chains in amylopectin. Although this is a tentative result, this method is shown to have a potential of serving for preventing the cracking of the rice kernels.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2100902-3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072258)+5 种基金Major Science and Technology Program of Heilongjiang(2020ZX08B02)Harbin University of Commerce“Young Innovative Talents”Support Program(2019CX062020CX262020CX27)the Central Financial Support for the Development of Local Colleges and Universities,Graduate Innovation Research Project of Harbin University of Commerce(YJSCX2021-698HSD)Training plan of Young Innovative Talents in Universities of Heilongjiang(UNPYSCT-2020218).
文摘The effects of 5 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)fermentation on the pasting properties of glutinous rice flour were compared,and suitable fermentation strains were selected based on the changes of viscosity,setback value,and breakdown value to prepare LAB compound starter cultures.The results revealed that Latilactobacillus sakei HSD004 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HSD005 had apparent advantages in increasing the viscosity and reducing the setback and breakdown values of glutinous rice flour.In particular,the compound starter created using the two abovementioned LAB in the ratio of 3:1 had better performance than that using a single LAB in improving the pasting properties and increasing the water and oil absorption capacity of glutinous rice flour.Moreover,the gelatinization enthalpy of the fermented samples increased significantly.For frozen glutinous rice dough stored for 28 days,the viscoelasticity of frozen dough prepared by compound starter was better than that of control dough,and the freezable water content was lower than that of control dough.These results indicate that compound LAB fermentation is a promising technology in the glutinous rice-based food processing industry,which has significance for its application.
基金the Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia for financial support via the Transdisciplinary Research Grant Scheme Project(Grant No.TRGS/1/2020/UPM/02/7)。
文摘Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions and health benefits.This review aims to summarize the nutritional compositions,volatile compounds,and health benefits of glutinous rice.Further,in-depth studies are necessary to explore the utilization of glutinous rice in enhancing processing technologies and developing new food products.Glutinous rice has been shown to possess numerous health benefits,including antioxidant activity,bioactive compounds,anti-cancer properties,anti-inflammatory effects,anti-diabetic potential,and cholesterol-lowering effects.Besides its nutritional compositions,the major volatile compounds identified in glutinous rice could serve as a functional food for human consumption.Emerging processing technologies related to glutinous rice are elaborated to improve the latest developments for incorporating them into various food products.
基金Funded by the Open Fund of Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province (JBGS008)the Research Lab Construction of Hainan University (ZY2019HN0904)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials (2022GBM01)。
文摘The mechanism of glutinous rice flour,a kind of natural admixture,on the hydration process,setting time,and microstructure of the Portland cement was investigated.The experimental results show that the glutinous rice flour has an obvious setting retarding effect on cement pastes.The optimal dosage of the glutinous rice flour is 3wt%.In this case,the initial and final setting time of the paste are delayed by 140 and185 min,respectively.The flexural and compressive strengths of the hardened paste are increased by 0.35%and 0.07%after 56 d of curing.The glutinous rice flour hinders the mineral dissolution process and decreases the concentration of calcium ion at the initial stage of hydration due to the complexation effect,thereby hindering the nucleation and growth of CH and C-S-H phases and prolonging the hydration process.However,C-S-H phases combine with the glutinous rice flour to contribute the bonding effect together,which compacts the microstructure of hardened cement pastes at the later hydration stage of cement pastes.Thus,in-depth investigation on the utilization of glutinous rice flour as the admixture for the Portland cement is expected to be meaningful for the control of hydration exothermic rate and setting time.
基金jointly funded by the Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.2023NSFSC0378)the Jiuzhaigou Lake Swamp and River Ecological Restoration Research Project (N5132112022000246)。
文摘A large number of loose piles formed by mountain hazards are highly susceptible to hydraulic erosion under rainfall conditions.The use of ecological substrate materials for erosion control and ecological restoration of gravel soil slopes has become a current research hotspot and the study difficulty.The post-earthquake slump accumulation gravel soil in Jiuzhaigou was selected as the research object,and the self-developed modified glutinous rice-based material was used to reinforce the gravel soil.The variable slope flume erosion test and rainfall simulation test were carried out to study the water erosion resistance of the material reconstructed soil under the influence of runoff erosion and raindrop splash erosion.The results show that:As the material content reached 12.5%,the reconstructed soil did not disintegrate after 24 hours of immersion,the internal friction angle was increased by 42.26%,and the cohesion was increased by 235.5%,which played a significant reinforcement effect.In the process of slope erosion,the soil rill erodibility parameter Kr was only 3‰ of the gravel soil control group,the critical shear force τ increased by 272%,and the soil erosion resistance was significantly improved.In the process of rainfall and rainfall on the slope,the runoff intensity of the reconstructed soil was stable,and the ability to resist runoff erosion and raindrop splash erosion was enhanced.The maximum value of soil loss rate on different slope slopes is 0.02-0.10 g·m^(-2)s^(-1),which is significantly lower than that of the control group and has better erosion reduction effect.
基金Supported by Natural Scientific Research Fund of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education (2007085)the Bidding Notices Fund of Aboriginal Ethnic Culture Study Center of Kaili University(YST200903 )Key Subject Fund of Botany of Kaili University(Z0603)~~
文摘There were quite abundant prototypical ethnic cultures and plant diversity in Qiandongnan （ Southeast of Guizhou） ,where the primitive natural ecology was also perfectly conserved. It was honored by World Native Culture Fund as One of the Eighteen Ecological and Cultural Conservations in the World. The prototypical ethnic culture of Southeast of Guizhou, as a stable life-style and economic culture type of the local people, came into being in the process of the local minorities＇ communicating, blending and struggling against the natural environment in the long course of history. It could be seen from this research that there were our preliminary research that there are quite abundant resources in Southeast of Guizhou in terms of prototypical ethnic cultures and genetic diversity of glutinous rice. A full reflection of the culture of Glutinous Rice could be seen in the local minority people＇s daily life, production, custom, religious belief, etc. These showed that the formation and great vitality of the genetic diversity of glutinous rice was not only determined by the diversity of local prototypical ethnic cultures but also to its own biotic condition and its adaptation to natural ecology. It was showed that prototypical ethnic cultures had positive impact on the conservation and utilization of Glutinous Rice diversity.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-06-01-05)Secondary Subproject of the National Key Technology Research and Development Program during the 12~th Five-year Plan Period of China(2014BAD07B02-2-2)Key Project of Crop Breeding of Sichuang Province(2011NZ0098-6)~~
文摘In order to evaluate the genetic relationships between glutinous sorghum germplasms, 25 pair of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of29 varieties. The result showed that a total of 59 alleles were identified with an average of 2.28 alleles per locus. The average effective number of alleles（NE） was1.81.The average polymorphism information content（PIC） varied widely from 0.17 to0.62 with an average value of 0.34.The similarity coefficients of the 29 glutinous sorghum germplasms ranged from 0.203 to 0.949 with an average value of 0.593.Clustering analysis with UPGMA showed that the varieties could be divided into two groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.475.The varieties from different geographic originswere clustered into one subclass, and the varieties with similar agronomic traits were clustered into one subclass, which indicated that the genetic relationships among materials was not in accordance with their geographical origins,and the glutinous sorghum germplasm resources showed abundant genetic diversity in the study.
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program in 2014(201414440004)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to improve comprehensive utilization value of glutinous rice straw and to develop new raw material for preparation of activated carbon. [Method] Using potassium hydroxide as activator and glutinous rice straw as raw material, activated carbon was prepared. [Result] The optimum technological conditions for preparation of activated carbon from glutinous rice straw were as fol- lows： activator concentration of 2 mol/L, activation time of 60 min, activation tem- perature of 600 ℃ and carbonization temperature of 450℃. The adsorption values of methylene blue and iodine by activated carbon prepared from glutinous rico straw were 10.21 ml/0.1 g and 920.74 mg/g respectively under the optimal conditions. The quality of the prepared activated carbon met the grade two of water quality purifica- tion-using activated carbon quality standard. [Conclusion] This study will provide certain references for comprehensive utilization of glutinous rice straw and preparation of high-performance activated carbon.
文摘45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutinous maintainer line TL169-239B which bred by Tieling Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 1991 as the female parent and glutinous maintainer line72B bred by the authors＇ institute as the male parent, then, based on the backcross breeding between glutinous single plant chosen from F2 segregation population and Tx623A. There are ten hybrid sorghum varieties which already have been examined and approved by national and above provincial（municipal） level units; the patent of this breeding method has been authorized （the patent number： ZL 2012 1 0129155.6）; 45A is protected by the Right of New Varieties of Plants, MOA, P.R. China （the variety right number： CNA20090576.1）. In this paper, the breeding process of 45A and the characteristics of 45A sterile line and its hybrid sorghum were summed up, what＇s more, the technical key points of high-yielding breed of 45A and the production of hybrid sorghum seeds were introduced, to provide data for further popularizing the sterile line.
基金Supported by National Sorghum Industry Technology Development System(CARS-06-01-05)Financial Genetic Breeding Program of Sichuan Province(2011JYGC11-031)+2 种基金Key R&D Program for Sorghum Breeding of Sichuan Province during the 12th Five Year PeriodScience&Technology Pillar Program in Sichuan ProvinceYouth Funds of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2012QNJJ-023)~~
文摘Using 3 sterile lines and 12 restorer of glutinous sorghum as experimental materials,36 hybrid combinations（3×12 NCⅡ） were designed to analyze the combining ability and heritability of six main agronomic traits,including plant height,panicle length,growth period,1 000-grain weight,per panicle grains and per panicle grain weight.The results showed that except per panicle grain number all other five agronomic traits have remarkable or extremely remarkable general combining ability and specific combining ability.Six agronomic traits were found to be control by additive genetic effect.Most of these agronomic traits are more easily influenced by restorers than sterile lines,suggesting that more attention should be paid to select restores in hybrid glutinous sorghum breeding.The narrow-sense heritability of these agronomic traits were in order growth period plant height per panicle grain weight panicle length 1 000-grain weight per panicle grains.
基金Supported by General Humanity and Social Science Research Fundfrom Ministry of Education in 2009(09XJC770001)~~
文摘Guizhou Province is part of the glutinous rice cultivation sphere in our country.Its rice production and germplasm resources play an important role.The southeast region is the centre of the Guizhou glutinous rice cultivation and characterized by waxy wo,which is treasure of the original farming culture of southeast Guizhou region and an important symbol for ethnic cultural identity of the region.
基金Supported by Chongqing Key Technologies R&D Program(CSTC2012gg B80055)Chongqing Application and Development Program(CSTC2013yykf A80021)Fundamental Research Funds(2013cstc-jbky-00510)~~
文摘In order to reduce successive cropping obstacles, optimize field arrange-ment of double-cropping of sorghum and soybean and improve yields, the research used Guojiaohong No.1 and Nandou No.12 as raw materials to explore the effects of different field arrangements on yield and benefits of double-cropping. The results indicated that with the double-cropping, both of gross yield and output value were higher compared with single-cropping treatments; yield, thousand-grain weight, the weight of grain per ear, and ear length of the 1st-season glutinous sorghum de-creased as compartment width grew, and of regenerated sorghum and soybean changed from increasing to decreasing. Specifical y, with double-cropping system, gross yield of glutinous sorghum reached the highest at 8 352.9 kg/hm2 with com-partment width of 1.7 m and soybean yield the highest at 1 888.95 kg/hm2 with compartment width of 1.8 m. Additional y, gross output value and net incomes achieved the highest at 47 293.92 yuan/hm2 and 29 976.42 kg/hm2 for the two crops, with compartment width of 1.7 m, fol owed by the treatment with compart-ment width of 1.8 m. In general, the treatments with compartment widths of 1.7 and 1.8 m are optimal field arrangement. Additional y, output-to-input ratio was the high-est in the treatment with single-cropping glutinous sorghum and the least in the treatment with single-cropping soybeans.
文摘A response surface method was employed to study the effect of α-amylase concentration, hydrolysis temperature and time on the production of high protein glutinous rice flour(HPGRF). The suspension of glutinous rice flour(15%) that contained 6.52% protein was gelatinized and subsequently hydrolyzed by thermostable α-amylase. The hydrolysis yielded 0.144–0.222 g/g HPGRF with 29.4%–45.4% protein content. Hydrolysis time exerted a significant effect, while enzyme concentration and hydrolysis temperature showed insignificant effect on the protein content and production yield of HPGRF. The result of response surface method showed that the optimum condition for the production of HPGRF that contained at least 36% protein was treating gelatinized 15% glutinous rice flour suspension with 0.90 Kilo Novo α-amylase Unit(KNU)/g α-amylase at 80 oC for 99 min. By carrying out the predicted hydrolysis condition, HPGRF with 35.9% protein and 61.8% carbohydrates was resulted. The process yielded 0.172 g/g HPGRF. HPGRF contained higher amount of essential amino acids compared to glutinous rice flour. HPGRF had higher solubility and lower swelling power, and also showed no pasting peak compared with glutinous rice flour.
基金the Graduate School, the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Thailand for their financial supportsthe support and encouragement from the Excellent Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University
文摘Glutinous rice starch(GRS) is commonly produced in the Northeast of Thailand. GRS is a biopolymer which is widely used in the food industry but not yet commonly applied within the pharmaceutical industry as an alternative resource. GRS exhibits a branch chain structure which is not feasible to fabricate as nanofiber. Therefore, combining GRS with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) in hybrid form can be a potential platform to produce GRS-PVA nanofibers.Smooth nanofibers of 2%(w/v) GRS combined with 8%(w/v) PVA were fabricated by an electrospinning process. A scanning electron microscope(SEM) revealed an average diameter size of the GRS-PVA nanofibers equal to 191 ± 25 nm. A highly water soluble model drug,Chlorpheniramine maleate(CPM), was incorporated into the GRS-PVA electrospun fibers to prove a drug delivery carrier concept and drug release control of the nanofibers. The GRSPVA nanofibers exhibited a biphasic CPM release in which approximately 60% of the drug immediately released in 10 min, and it reached 90% drug release in 120 min. This study demonstrated a potential application of GRS combining with PVA as an oral drug delivery carrier.Therefore, it can be a promised step that expands the application GRS in pharmaceuticals and related areas.
基金financial support from the Australia Research Council Discovery Projects(DP160102627 and DP1701048343)of Australiathe 111 Project(D20015)of China Three Gorges University
文摘Silicon(Si)has been investigated as a promising anode material because of its high theoretical capacity(4200 m Ah g^(-1)).However,silicon anode suffers from huge volume changes during repeated charge–discharge cycles.In this work,inspired by a remarkable success of the glutinous rice mortar in the Great Wall with ca.2000-year history,amylopectin(AP),the key ingredient responsible for the strong bonding force,is extracted from glutinous rice and utilized as a flexible,aqueous,and resilient binder to address the most challenging drastic volume-expansion and pulverization issues of silicon anode.Additionally,the removal of toxic N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP)organic solvent makes the electrode fabrication process environmentally friendly and healthy.The as-prepared Si-AP electrode with 60 wt%of Si can uphold a high discharge capacity of 1517.9 m Ah g^(-1)at a rate of 0.1 C after 100 cycles.The cycling stability of the Si-AP has been remarkably improved in comparison with both traditional polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and aqueous carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)binders.Moreover,when the content of silicon in the Si-AP electrode increases to 70 wt%,a high discharge capacity of 1463.1 m Ah g^(-1)can still be obtained after 50 cycles at 0.1°C.These preliminary results suggest that the sustainably available and environmentally benign amylopectin binders could be a promising choice for the construction of highly stable silicon anodes.
文摘Young embryos of rice (Oryza saliva L. subsp. japonica var. Guo-xiang No.l) were cultured on MS agar medium(2,4-D 2 mg/l). Calli were formed and subcultured on N6 agar medium (2,4-D 2 mg/l). After selection, the small, grainy and pale yellowish cell clusters with dense cytoplasm were used in protoplast preparation. Isolated protoplasts were cultured in N6 medium (2,4-D 1 mg/l, 6-BA 0.2 mg/l)1 with agarose block culture method. The protoplasts grew, divided and formed calli. After inducing differentiation, the regenerated mature plants were obtained.
基金Supported by National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(201810553003)Research Study and Innovative Experiment Plan Project for College Students in Hunan Province(Xiang Jiao Tong[2018]255,1006).
文摘The chemical composition of 8 different special glutinous rice varieties was analyzed,and its effects on the physical and chemical properties of the wines brewed were investigated. The correlations between major chemical constituents and quality of glutinous rice were analyzed. The results show that the contents of the major chemical constituents in the special glutinous rice varieties were not much different,and they all ranked as starch’s > protein’s > fat’s. After 4-8 weeks of fermentation,the total acidity decreased with time( excepting Heixiangnuo),the total residual sugar reduced significantly,and the alcohol content increased significantly. The correlations between starch content of glutinous rice and physical and chemical indices and sensory quality of its brewed wine were not significant. There are positive correlations between protein content and various indices,and the correlation with total acidity reached the significant level. Fat content was negatively correlated with alcohol content,and positively correlated with sensory quality.
基金Supported by Education Reform Project of Jiangxi Province(No.JXJG-20084-27)
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis technology of glutinous rice and the oxidation resistance activity of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Method ] White glutinous rice was hydrolyzed using four kinds of proteases including neutral protease, alkaline protease, papain and trypsin. Using the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical （ ·OH） as an indicator and appropriate protease as hydrolytic enzyme, the effects of protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH on the abilities of proteases to scavenge hydroxyl radical from enzymatic hydrolysis solution of glutinous rice were investigated. Based on single-factor test, L9 （34） orthogonal experimental design was adopted, to determine the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condi- tions leading to the highest oxidation resistance activity of enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Result] The optimized process parameters for enzymatic hydrolysis of glu- tinous rice protein with neutral protease were： protein substrate concentration of 2%, enzyme dosage of 24 000 U/g protein （protein meter）, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃, initial pH of 8.0, and enzymatic hydrolysis duration of 0.5 h; under these conditions, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate could reach 56. 05% ; protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH had extremely significant effects on the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate. In addition, the activities of antioxidant peptides in glutinous rice hydrolysates were well maintained within a temperature range of 60 - 100℃. [Condusion] The study produced theoretical feasibility reference for the production of functional base powder by spray drying.
基金Supported by Three Major Grain Crop Breeding Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFD0102102)Special Funds for the Construction of National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(nycytx-001)+1 种基金Special projects of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of FinanceScience and Technology Innovation Project of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016)~~
文摘Bangcangjingnuo is a new, mid-maturing conventional Japonica type glutinous rice variety bred by Hunan Rice Research Institute and Hunan Wucai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. In 2017, the Hunan Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee approved Bangcangjingnuo. The breeding process of this cultivar was expounded in this study. This cultivar is highly glutinous and waxy, it produces a stable high yield, and it possesses the quality of low temperature resistance. The theoretical yield of Bangcangjingnuo is 8 731.5 kg/hm^2, and the actual output is about 7 422.0 kg/hm^2 according to the 85% discount.Finally, we described the main points of cultivation technique from the perspectives of timely planting and strict seed sterilization.
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Programme of China （2002,＆＆326060） and Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin （033802711 ） .
文摘A ferrocene-mediated glucose biosensor removing interference of ascorbic acid and uric acid was developed by coating of ferrocene, glutin and cellulose acetate on screen-printed gold electrode surface. The resuhs show that it can detect glucose sensitively in the presence of uric acid and ascorbic acid, and also suppress the leakage velocity of fcrrocene. Compared to the currents of the pretreated electrode, it decreases the current of uric acid and ascorbic acid by 99.4% and 98.8% at 400 mV, respectively, with a dynamic range of 0 - 30 mM for glucose, sensitivity of 30.73 nA/mM, response time of 10 s, and correlation coefficient of 0.998 8.
文摘In order to study the correlation between the cracking of rice (Oryza sativa L.) kernels and the molecular structure of the amylopectin in them, we attempted optical sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy in the C-H stretching vibration region for normal and cracked japonica non-glutinous rice kernels. The samples were Koshihikari and Nipponbare. In Nipponbare, the width of the SFG spectrum peak at 2915 cm<sup>- 1</sup> of the cracked rice kernels was broader than that of the normal ones, while for Koshihikari there was no clear difference. The width of the 2915 cm<sup>- 1</sup> peak is suggested to originate from the variety of the higher-order structure of the saccharide chains in amylopectin. Although this is a tentative result, this method is shown to have a potential of serving for preventing the cracking of the rice kernels.
