Encoding information in light polarization is of great importance in facilitating optical data storage(ODS)for information security and data storage capacity escalation.However,despite recent advances in nanophotonic ...Encoding information in light polarization is of great importance in facilitating optical data storage(ODS)for information security and data storage capacity escalation.However,despite recent advances in nanophotonic techniques vastly en-hancing the feasibility of applying polarization channels,the data fidelity in reconstructed bits has been constrained by severe crosstalks occurring between varied polarization angles during data recording and reading process,which gravely hindered the utilization of this technique in practice.In this paper,we demonstrate an ultra-low crosstalk polarization-en-coding multilayer ODS technique for high-fidelity data recording and retrieving by utilizing a nanofibre-based nanocom-posite film involving highly aligned gold nanorods(GNRs).With parallelizing the gold nanorods in the recording medium,the information carrier configuration minimizes miswriting and misreading possibilities for information input and output,respectively,compared with its randomly self-assembled counterparts.The enhanced data accuracy has significantly im-proved the bit recall fidelity that is quantified by a correlation coefficient higher than 0.99.It is anticipated that the demon-strated technique can facilitate the development of multiplexing ODS for a greener future.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are becoming a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic cells due to their attractive power conversion efficiency(PCE).Plasmonic enhancement is regarded as an optical tuning app...Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are becoming a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic cells due to their attractive power conversion efficiency(PCE).Plasmonic enhancement is regarded as an optical tuning approach for further improving the PCE of single-junction PSCs toward Shockley-Queisser limit.Herein,we introduce molecularly isolated gold nanorods(Au NRs),bearing relatively stronger scattering ability and localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)effect,in the rear side of perovskites in PSCs,for promoting light harvesting and for electrical enhancement.Owing to the larger refractive index and better matched energy level alignment,the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules coated on Au NRs prove to play important dual roles:isolating the metallic Au NRs from contacting with perovskite,and facilitating more efficient charge separation and transport across the interface under the synergetic LSPR effect of Au NRs.Our work highlights the capability of the plasmonic approach by nanorods and by molecular isolation,extending nanoparticle-based plasmonic approaches,toward highly efficient plasmon-enhanced PSCs.展开更多
Here,we designed and prepared a new nano-assembly structure of gold nanorods dispersion medium to improve the data storage life.The surface of gold nanorods was wrapped with a layer of silica shell to enhance the nano...Here,we designed and prepared a new nano-assembly structure of gold nanorods dispersion medium to improve the data storage life.The surface of gold nanorods was wrapped with a layer of silica shell to enhance the nanorod thermal stability,and then injected into the porous alumina to form a nano-assembly structured film.The experimental results show that gold nanorods are uniformly dispersed in the alumina film,and the optical properties of gold nanorods will not change after heat treatment below 200℃.It is expected that this film can be used for five-dimensional data storage and greatly improve the thermal stability of stored data.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To improve the anticancer drug gambogic acid’s effect by using titanium dioxide coated gold nanorods(GNR/Ti O2)as a drug carrier.METHODS Biocompatibility and cellular uptake of GNR/Ti O2was studied in human...OBJECTIVE To improve the anticancer drug gambogic acid’s effect by using titanium dioxide coated gold nanorods(GNR/Ti O2)as a drug carrier.METHODS Biocompatibility and cellular uptake of GNR/Ti O2was studied in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells.Cel viability was evaluated by ATP assay and calcein AM staining.Lyso SensorTMGreen DND-189 and Hoechst 33342 were used to analyze the intracellular location of GNR/Ti O2.The in vitro anticancer effect of gambogic acid loaded nanoparticles was compared with free drug.RESULTS The results showed that GNR/Ti O2is biocompatible,andthey are localized at the intracellular acidic compartments of endosomes and lysosomes.The intracellular drug content delivered via GNR/Ti O2was 6 fold higher than the free form,thus dramatically enhancing the anticancer effect of gambogic acid.Furthermore,mild photothermal therapy also showed synergistic effect with the drug.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that GNR/Ti O2is a promising anticancer drug carrier。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of gold nanorods-mediated photothermal therapy on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer under the guidance of vascular interventional radiology.A tota...The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of gold nanorods-mediated photothermal therapy on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer under the guidance of vascular interventional radiology.A total of 80 patients admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group with 40 cases each,among which the control group received 125I seed implantation combined with chemotherapy.On this basis,the study group were added the gold nanorods(AuNRs)to the photothermal therapy additionally.The clinical efficacy,postoperative complications and postoperative survival rates of the two groups were compared.The results showed that the total clinical effective rate was 82.5%in the study group,which was significantly better than 67.5%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,the incidence of leukocytosis,nausea,vomiting and delayed diarrhea in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of elevated body temperature,liver dysfunction,or moderate liver pain between the two groups(P>0.05).Therefore,under the guidance of vascular interventional radiology,Au NRs are safe and effective materials for the treatment of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer,which can reduce complications and improve postoperative survival rates.展开更多
In recent years, it has been shown that inflammatory biomarkers can be used as an effective signal for disease diagnoses. The early detection of these signals provides useful information that could prevent the occurre...In recent years, it has been shown that inflammatory biomarkers can be used as an effective signal for disease diagnoses. The early detection of these signals provides useful information that could prevent the occurrence of severe diseases. Here, we employed surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) probe gold nanorods(GNRs) as a tool for the early detection of inflammatory molecules in inflamed cells. A murine macrophage cell line(Raw264.7) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was used as a model in this study. The prepared SERS probe GNRs containing 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as a Raman reporter to generate SERS signals were used for detection of intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in macrophages after treatment with LPS for varying lengths of time. Our results show that SERS probe GNRs could detect significant differences in the expression of ICAM-1 molecules in LPS-treated macrophages compared to those in untreated macrophages after only 1 h of LPS treatment. In contrast, when using fluorescent labeling or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA) to detect ICAM-1, significant differences between inflamed and un-inflamed macrophages were not seen until the cells had been treated with LPS for 5 h. These results indicate that our SERS probe GNRs provide a higher sensitivity for detecting biomarker molecules in inflamed macrophages than the conventional fluorescence and ELISA techniques, and could therefore be useful as a potential diagnostic tool for managing disease risk.展开更多
Plasmonic nanoparticles are endowed profound capability for sensing,biomedicine,and cancer therapy.However,the inaccessibly adjustable wavelength in near infrared(NIR)region window and size limit for the particles pen...Plasmonic nanoparticles are endowed profound capability for sensing,biomedicine,and cancer therapy.However,the inaccessibly adjustable wavelength in near infrared(NIR)region window and size limit for the particles penetration in tumor strongly hinder their developments.Miniature gold nanorods(mini-Au NRs)with diameter less than 12 nm can effectively address this challenge due to the tiny size and tailorable NIR absorption.Herein,we adopt ternary surfactants(hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB),sodium oleate(NaOL),and sodium salicylate(NaSal))mediated growth strategy to precisely synthesize miniature Au NRs under micelle space-confinement.Importantly,the selectively dense accumulation of ternary surfactants can efficiently improve the micellar stacking parameters(p)and lower micellar free energy(F),further tends to achieve the formation of Au NRs with tiny diameter and high purity.Compared with that of conventional methods,the purity of mini-Au NRs up to 100%can be dramatically improved via varying the relative concentration of ternary surfactants.The diameter of Au NRs can be dynamically controlled to 6,8,and 11 nm through regulating the concentration of silver nitrate and the mole ratio of ternary surfactants.Such ternary surfactants system is favorable for the aging of tiny Au NRs,and further enables the aspect ratio-tunable in the region from 2.70 to 7.32,as well as tailorable plasmonic wavelength in wide NIR window from 700 to 1,147 nm.Therefore,our findings shed a light on the precise preparation of small sized plasmonic nanoparticles and pave the way to applications in biomedicine,imaging,and cancer therapy.展开更多
Herein,a new strategy is proposed for achieving dynamic chiral controls in self-assembly systems of plasmonic nanorods based on temperature-modulation.Via enlarging Au{100}side facets of Au nanorod(AuNR)building block...Herein,a new strategy is proposed for achieving dynamic chiral controls in self-assembly systems of plasmonic nanorods based on temperature-modulation.Via enlarging Au{100}side facets of Au nanorod(AuNR)building block and changing surface ligand from often-used cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)to cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC),inversion of chiroptical signal in side-by-side(SS)oligomers is realized.Under the guide of chiral cysteine(Cys),Au{100}side facet-linked SS rods twist in the opposite direction compared with Au{110}side facet-linked counterparts.At high CPC concentration,by controlling the incubation temperature of chiral Cys,the dominant twist mode can be regulated.Finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)simulations indicate the key role of the twisting dihedral angle of the oligomers in driving chiral signal inversion.At low CPC concentration,a temperature-sensitive chiral switching is observed owing to the conformation change of the CPC ligand layer.The temperature-modulated chiral responses are based on the interactions of chiral molecules,achiral surface ligands,and exposed facets of the building block.The rich dynamic tunability of chiroptical responses of plasmonic assemblies may find applications in stimulus-responsive nanodevices.展开更多
Enhancing the heat-sensitivity of tumor cells provides an alternative solution to maintaining the therapeutic outcome of photothermal therapy(PTT). In this study, we constructed a therapeutic system, which was compose...Enhancing the heat-sensitivity of tumor cells provides an alternative solution to maintaining the therapeutic outcome of photothermal therapy(PTT). In this study, we constructed a therapeutic system, which was composed of methoxy-polyethylene-glycol-coated-gold-nanorods(MPEG-AuN R) and VER-155008-micelles, to evaluate the effect of VER-155008 on the sensitivity of tumor cells to heat, and further investigate the therapeutic outcome of MPEG-AuN R mediated PTT combined with VER-155008-micelles. VER-155008-micelles downregulate the expression of heat shock proteins and attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cell. The survival of HCT116 cells treated with VER-155008-micelles under 45 ℃ is equal to that treated with high temperature hyperthermia(55 ℃) in vitro. Furthermore, we proved either the MPEG-AuN R or VER-155008-micelles can be accumulate in the tumor site by photoacoustic imaging and fluorescent imaging. In vivo anti-cancer evaluation showed that tumor size remarkably decreased(smaller than 100 mm^3 or vanished) when treated with combing 45℃ mild PTT system, which contrasted to the tumor size when treated with individual 45℃ mild PTT(around 500nm^3) or normal saline as control(larger than 2000 nm^3). These results proved that the VER-155008-micelles can attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cells and enhance the therapeutic outcome of mild-temperature photothermal therapy.展开更多
Nanotechnology-based photothermal therapy has attracted great attention in the past decade. Nevertheless, photothermal therapy has some inherent drawbacks, such as the uneven heat production and limited laser penetrat...Nanotechnology-based photothermal therapy has attracted great attention in the past decade. Nevertheless, photothermal therapy has some inherent drawbacks, such as the uneven heat production and limited laser penetration, often leading to insufficient treatment outcomes. Here, we developed a combination strategy to improve cancer therapy. The biomimetic albumin-modified gold nanorods(AuNRs) were prepared with incorporation of paclitaxel(PTX). This therapeutic system was characterized by several features. First, the albumin modification enhanced the biocompatibility and colloidal stability. Second, the surface-coated albumin promoted cellular uptake via the albumin-binding protein pathway. Third, PTX was incorporated via hydrophobic interaction between PTX and the albumin lipophilic domain. Fourth, the system can be used for combined photothermo-chemotherapy for yielding synergistic effects. The antitumor activity of the system was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using the HCT116 colon cancer cell and tumor model. The combination therapy was found with an enhanced treatment efficiency and no obvious side effect. Most importantly, the thermal effect was also discovered with the ability to modulate the tumor microenvironments and suppress the macrophages polarization towards the M2 pro-tumor phenotype. It could be a mechanism for photothermal immunotherapy. The combination strategy and the system provide a potential method for cancer therapy.展开更多
Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency.Here,we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pHsensitive link...Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency.Here,we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pHsensitive linkage(AuNRs@DOX),for a combined photothermal and chemical therapy for cancer.First,AuNRs@DOX is ingested by HepG2 liver cancer cells.After endocytosis,the acidic pH triggers the release of doxorubicin,which leads to chemotherapeutic effects.The gold nanorods are not only carriers of DOX,but also photothermal conversion agents.In the presence of an 808 nm near-infrared laser,AuNRs@DOX significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin via the photothermal effect,which induces elevated apoptosis of hepG2 cancer cells,leading to better therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo.展开更多
Tumor recurrence after surgery is the main cause of treatment failure.However,the initial stage of recurrence is not easy to detect,and it is difficult to cure in the late stage.In order to improve the life quality of...Tumor recurrence after surgery is the main cause of treatment failure.However,the initial stage of recurrence is not easy to detect,and it is difficult to cure in the late stage.In order to improve the life quality of postoperative patients,an efficient synergistic immunotherapy was developed to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of post-surgical tumor recurrence,simultaneously.In this paper,two kinds of theranostic agents based on gold nanorods(AuNRs)platform were prepared.AuNRs and quantum dots(QDs)in one agent was used for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),using fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)technology to indicate the occurrence of in situ recurrence,while AuNRs in the other agent was used for photothermal therapy(PTT),together with antiPDL1 mediated immunotherapy to alleviate the process of tumor metastasis.A series of assays indicated that this synergistic immunotherapy could induce tumor cell death and the increased generation of CD3;/CD4;T-lymphocytes and CD3+;CD8;T-lymphocytes.Besides,more immune factors(IL-2,IL-6,and IFN-γ)produced by synergistic immunotherapy were secreted than mono-immunotherapy.This cooperative immunotherapy strategy could be utilized for diagnosis and treatment of postoperative tumor recurrence at the same time,providing a new perspective for basic and clinical research.展开更多
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor,which often occurs in adolescents.However,surgical resection usually fails to completely remove the tumor clinically,which has been the main cause of postoperative recurrence and...Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor,which often occurs in adolescents.However,surgical resection usually fails to completely remove the tumor clinically,which has been the main cause of postoperative recurrence and metastasis,resulting in the high death rate of patients.At the same time,osteosarcoma invades a large area of the bone defect,which cannot be self-repaired and seriously affects the life quality of the patients.Herein,a bifunctional methacrylated gelatin/methacrylated chondroitin sulfate hydrogel hybrid gold nanorods(GNRs)and nanohydroxyapatite(nHA),which possessed excellent photothermal effect,was constructed to eradicate residual tumor after surgery and bone regeneration.In vitro,K7M2wt cells(a mouse bone tumor cell line)can be efficiently eradicated by photothermal therapy of the hybrid hydrogel.Meanwhile,the hydrogel mimics the extracellular matrix to promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.The GNRs/nHA hybrid hydrogel was capable of photothermal treatment of postoperative tumors and bone defect repair in a mice model of tibia osteosarcoma.Therefore,the hybrid hydrogel possesses dual functions of tumor therapy and bone regeneration,which shows great potential in curing bone tumors and provides a new hope for tumor-related bone complex disease.展开更多
Bacterial cellulose(BC)is one of the most versatile natural biopolymers with unique physical,chemical,and biological features.However,the lack of intrinsic antibacterial property of native BC limits its broad biomedic...Bacterial cellulose(BC)is one of the most versatile natural biopolymers with unique physical,chemical,and biological features.However,the lack of intrinsic antibacterial property of native BC limits its broad biomedical applications where such property is highly required to prevent contamination or infection caused by attached bacteria.In this work,we developed a simple and facile method to fabricate a dualfunctional BC membrane by physical incorporation of gold nanorods(GNRs)followed by deposition of a phase-transitioned bovine serum albumin(PTB)film.Due to the broad-spectrum antifouling property of the PTB film,the resulting membrane could prevent the adhesion and accumulation of bacteria.A few bacteria that broke through the protection of the PTB film could be eradicated under short-term irradiation of a near-infrared laser due to the excellent photothermal property of incorporated GNRs.The whole fabrication was conducted in a simple and environmentally friendly manner,avoiding complicated processes and toxic organic solvents.Moreover,because all the components were biocompatible,the resulting membrane showed negligible cytotoxicity in vitro and good histocompatibility in vivo.This work thus provided a reliable way to endow BC with antibacterial property,being beneficial for diverse biomedical applications.展开更多
Although gold nanorods(GNRs)have been produced with different dimensions and aspect ratios,the current synthesis methods through seed-mediated growth are far from ideal,for instance,the quality(rod yield)and the quant...Although gold nanorods(GNRs)have been produced with different dimensions and aspect ratios,the current synthesis methods through seed-mediated growth are far from ideal,for instance,the quality(rod yield)and the quantity(gold conversion)cannot be simultaneously satisfied.More critically,there is no molecular level understanding of the growth mechanism.Here,we solved the problem by employing the stoichiometric ratio of reactants and tuning the reactivity of the reductant through adjusting the initial pH value of the growth solution to achieve both good quality and high quantity simultaneously.We also extended our strategy to other enols besides ascorbic acid,such as phenolic compounds,and found that the optimal pH for GNRs synthesis depends on the structure of the individual compound.The mechanistic insight greatly enriches the toolbox of reductants for GNRs growth and makes it possible to synthesize GNRs at both acidic and basic conditions.An interesting phenomenon is that for most of the phenolic compounds we tested,the morphology of the final products follows the same sphere-rod-sphere trend as the initial pH value of the reaction increases,whether it is under acidic or basic conditions,which cannot be explained by any previously proposed mechanism.The effect of pH is mainly attributed to the regulation of the reduction potential of the reductants,and thus the reaction rate.A model has been proposed to explain the dependence of anisotropic growth of GNRs on the concentration gradient of reactants around the seeds,which is decided by both the reaction rate and diffusion rate.展开更多
Gold nanorods(AuNRs),as relatively common materials used in biomedical areas,have been synthesized by means of many methods.However,the conventional seed-mediated method is limited by complex operations and low yield....Gold nanorods(AuNRs),as relatively common materials used in biomedical areas,have been synthesized by means of many methods.However,the conventional seed-mediated method is limited by complex operations and low yield.Besides,for further applications of AuNRs,well monodispersed AuNRs and tun-able longitudinal surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)remain to be improved.Herein,we report a one-pot method for synthesizing AuNRs without seeding agents.In this method,we use phenols as reducing agents and hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are used to regulate the pH of the growth solution.AuNRs with the longest LSPR peak position reaching 1340 nm are prepared.Furthermore,by systematically op-timizing concentrations of the reagents involved in the growth solution,different aspect ratios of AuNRs are synthesized.The facile synthesis,controllability aspect ratio,and long LSPR peak make our method promising for wider applications of AuNRs.展开更多
Developing new saturable absorbers for use in the mid-infrared region has practical significance for short-pulsed lasers and related scientific and industrial applications.The performance of gold nanorods(GNRs)as satu...Developing new saturable absorbers for use in the mid-infrared region has practical significance for short-pulsed lasers and related scientific and industrial applications.The performance of gold nanorods(GNRs)as saturable absorbers at novel mid-infrared wavelengths needs to be evaluated even though these benefit from ultrafast nonlinear responses and broadband saturable absorption.Passive Q-switching of an LD-pumped 2.3μm Tm:YLF laser using GNRs was successfully realized in this study.Pulses with an 843 ns pulse width and a 6.67 kHz repetition rate were achieved using this Q-switched laser.Results showed that GNRs provide promising passive Q-switches for 2.3μm Tm-doped lasers.展开更多
Facile achievement of gold nanorods(AuNRs) with controllable longitudinal surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) is of great importance for their applications in various fields.The LSPR of AuNRs is sensitive to their aspect ...Facile achievement of gold nanorods(AuNRs) with controllable longitudinal surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) is of great importance for their applications in various fields.The LSPR of AuNRs is sensitive to their aspect ratio,which is still hard to be precisely tuned by direct synthesis.In this work,we report a simple approach for end-selective etching of AuNRs by a rapid oxidation process with Au(Ⅲ) in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) solution at a mild temperature.The LSPR wavelength and the length of AuNRs blue shifted linearly as a function of the amount of Au(Ⅲ),while the diameter of Au NRs remained nearly constant.The oxidative rate is tempe rature dependent,and the oxidative process for a desired LSPR can be accomplished within 15 min at 60℃.Further investigations indicated that Br determine the occurrence of the oxidation between AuNRs and Au(Ⅲ),and a small amount of surfactant chain(CTA+) is crucial for stabilizing AuNRs.This method presents a quick but robust strategy for acquiring AuNRs with an arbitrary intermediate LSPR wavelength using the same starting AuNRs,and can be a powerful tool for subsequent applications.展开更多
Noble metal nanoparticles with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties are widely used as optical sensors in biochemical detection and medical diagnosis. In this paper, we propose an effective determinat...Noble metal nanoparticles with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties are widely used as optical sensors in biochemical detection and medical diagnosis. In this paper, we propose an effective determination method to measure the LSPR absorption intensity of gold nanorods (GNRs). A near-infrared (NIR) imaging system is established, and an NIR absorption image of the multiple samples of the colloidal GNRs is captured. Then, the LSPR absorption intensities of these samples are obtained by calculating the average grayscale of the target areas based on the NIR image processing technology. By using this method, the LSPR absorption intensities of the multiple samples are determined all at once, and their accuracy is as high as that obtained by using spectrophotometry. These results suggest that this method is an efficient multi-channel determination technique with high-throughput sensing applications.展开更多
Gold nanorods(AuNRs)have attracted tremendous interest in biomedical fields due to their unique optical properties,tunable surface plasmon,and excellent biocompatibility.Their biomedical applications are mainly influe...Gold nanorods(AuNRs)have attracted tremendous interest in biomedical fields due to their unique optical properties,tunable surface plasmon,and excellent biocompatibility.Their biomedical applications are mainly influenced by near-infrared(NIR)light,which can guarantee deep penetration into human tissues with minimal loss.However,traditional single AuNRs are unable to carry medicine into the lesion regions.Furthermore,it is difficult for AuNR nanoparticles to be implemented in multimodal imagingguided synergetic therapy,which has limited the application of AuNRs in the field of theranostics.In recent years,researchers have made great strides in modifying gold nanorods into nanomaterials for the integration of diagnosis and treatment.After modifying different functionalized shells on the outsides of AuNRs,heterostructure AuNRs known as anisotropic gold nanorod(AAuNR)nanoparticles possessed bioimaging and cancer therapy abilities,as well as a variety of other amazing biomedical applications.In addition,AAuNR nanoparticles can combine biomedical imaging and therapy into one system to achieve multimodal bioimaging guided synergetic therapy.In this study,we presented a current review of the latest progress of different types of AAuNRs nanoparticles and their biomedical applications.Furthermore,the challenges and future development trends of AAuNR nanoparticles in the biomedical fields are discussed.展开更多
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62174073,61875073,11674130,91750110 and 61522504)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1107200)+3 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Innovation and Entrepren-eurship Project(Grant No.2016ZT06D081)the Natural Science Founda-tion of Guangdong Province,China(Grant Nos.2016A030306016 and 2016TQ03X981)the Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou(Grant No.201806010040)the Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai(Grant No.2020XDRH095).
文摘Encoding information in light polarization is of great importance in facilitating optical data storage(ODS)for information security and data storage capacity escalation.However,despite recent advances in nanophotonic techniques vastly en-hancing the feasibility of applying polarization channels,the data fidelity in reconstructed bits has been constrained by severe crosstalks occurring between varied polarization angles during data recording and reading process,which gravely hindered the utilization of this technique in practice.In this paper,we demonstrate an ultra-low crosstalk polarization-en-coding multilayer ODS technique for high-fidelity data recording and retrieving by utilizing a nanofibre-based nanocom-posite film involving highly aligned gold nanorods(GNRs).With parallelizing the gold nanorods in the recording medium,the information carrier configuration minimizes miswriting and misreading possibilities for information input and output,respectively,compared with its randomly self-assembled counterparts.The enhanced data accuracy has significantly im-proved the bit recall fidelity that is quantified by a correlation coefficient higher than 0.99.It is anticipated that the demon-strated technique can facilitate the development of multiplexing ODS for a greener future.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0200703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21931009)。
文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are becoming a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic cells due to their attractive power conversion efficiency(PCE).Plasmonic enhancement is regarded as an optical tuning approach for further improving the PCE of single-junction PSCs toward Shockley-Queisser limit.Herein,we introduce molecularly isolated gold nanorods(Au NRs),bearing relatively stronger scattering ability and localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)effect,in the rear side of perovskites in PSCs,for promoting light harvesting and for electrical enhancement.Owing to the larger refractive index and better matched energy level alignment,the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules coated on Au NRs prove to play important dual roles:isolating the metallic Au NRs from contacting with perovskite,and facilitating more efficient charge separation and transport across the interface under the synergetic LSPR effect of Au NRs.Our work highlights the capability of the plasmonic approach by nanorods and by molecular isolation,extending nanoparticle-based plasmonic approaches,toward highly efficient plasmon-enhanced PSCs.
基金Funded by the Zibo Key Research and Development Project(2020XCCG0106)。
文摘Here,we designed and prepared a new nano-assembly structure of gold nanorods dispersion medium to improve the data storage life.The surface of gold nanorods was wrapped with a layer of silica shell to enhance the nanorod thermal stability,and then injected into the porous alumina to form a nano-assembly structured film.The experimental results show that gold nanorods are uniformly dispersed in the alumina film,and the optical properties of gold nanorods will not change after heat treatment below 200℃.It is expected that this film can be used for five-dimensional data storage and greatly improve the thermal stability of stored data.
基金The project supported by Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(014/2014/A1)
文摘OBJECTIVE To improve the anticancer drug gambogic acid’s effect by using titanium dioxide coated gold nanorods(GNR/Ti O2)as a drug carrier.METHODS Biocompatibility and cellular uptake of GNR/Ti O2was studied in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells.Cel viability was evaluated by ATP assay and calcein AM staining.Lyso SensorTMGreen DND-189 and Hoechst 33342 were used to analyze the intracellular location of GNR/Ti O2.The in vitro anticancer effect of gambogic acid loaded nanoparticles was compared with free drug.RESULTS The results showed that GNR/Ti O2is biocompatible,andthey are localized at the intracellular acidic compartments of endosomes and lysosomes.The intracellular drug content delivered via GNR/Ti O2was 6 fold higher than the free form,thus dramatically enhancing the anticancer effect of gambogic acid.Furthermore,mild photothermal therapy also showed synergistic effect with the drug.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that GNR/Ti O2is a promising anticancer drug carrier。
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of gold nanorods-mediated photothermal therapy on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer under the guidance of vascular interventional radiology.A total of 80 patients admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group with 40 cases each,among which the control group received 125I seed implantation combined with chemotherapy.On this basis,the study group were added the gold nanorods(AuNRs)to the photothermal therapy additionally.The clinical efficacy,postoperative complications and postoperative survival rates of the two groups were compared.The results showed that the total clinical effective rate was 82.5%in the study group,which was significantly better than 67.5%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,the incidence of leukocytosis,nausea,vomiting and delayed diarrhea in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of elevated body temperature,liver dysfunction,or moderate liver pain between the two groups(P>0.05).Therefore,under the guidance of vascular interventional radiology,Au NRs are safe and effective materials for the treatment of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer,which can reduce complications and improve postoperative survival rates.
基金the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)through a Grant-in-aid for Young Scientist B(No.24700481)
文摘In recent years, it has been shown that inflammatory biomarkers can be used as an effective signal for disease diagnoses. The early detection of these signals provides useful information that could prevent the occurrence of severe diseases. Here, we employed surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) probe gold nanorods(GNRs) as a tool for the early detection of inflammatory molecules in inflamed cells. A murine macrophage cell line(Raw264.7) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was used as a model in this study. The prepared SERS probe GNRs containing 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as a Raman reporter to generate SERS signals were used for detection of intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in macrophages after treatment with LPS for varying lengths of time. Our results show that SERS probe GNRs could detect significant differences in the expression of ICAM-1 molecules in LPS-treated macrophages compared to those in untreated macrophages after only 1 h of LPS treatment. In contrast, when using fluorescent labeling or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA) to detect ICAM-1, significant differences between inflamed and un-inflamed macrophages were not seen until the cells had been treated with LPS for 5 h. These results indicate that our SERS probe GNRs provide a higher sensitivity for detecting biomarker molecules in inflamed macrophages than the conventional fluorescence and ELISA techniques, and could therefore be useful as a potential diagnostic tool for managing disease risk.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222316,52103325,and 52111530128)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.Z22B050001)+1 种基金Ten Thousand People Plan of Zhejiang Province(No.2019R51012)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M713020).
文摘Plasmonic nanoparticles are endowed profound capability for sensing,biomedicine,and cancer therapy.However,the inaccessibly adjustable wavelength in near infrared(NIR)region window and size limit for the particles penetration in tumor strongly hinder their developments.Miniature gold nanorods(mini-Au NRs)with diameter less than 12 nm can effectively address this challenge due to the tiny size and tailorable NIR absorption.Herein,we adopt ternary surfactants(hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB),sodium oleate(NaOL),and sodium salicylate(NaSal))mediated growth strategy to precisely synthesize miniature Au NRs under micelle space-confinement.Importantly,the selectively dense accumulation of ternary surfactants can efficiently improve the micellar stacking parameters(p)and lower micellar free energy(F),further tends to achieve the formation of Au NRs with tiny diameter and high purity.Compared with that of conventional methods,the purity of mini-Au NRs up to 100%can be dramatically improved via varying the relative concentration of ternary surfactants.The diameter of Au NRs can be dynamically controlled to 6,8,and 11 nm through regulating the concentration of silver nitrate and the mole ratio of ternary surfactants.Such ternary surfactants system is favorable for the aging of tiny Au NRs,and further enables the aspect ratio-tunable in the region from 2.70 to 7.32,as well as tailorable plasmonic wavelength in wide NIR window from 700 to 1,147 nm.Therefore,our findings shed a light on the precise preparation of small sized plasmonic nanoparticles and pave the way to applications in biomedicine,imaging,and cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22072032)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36000000)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2021YFA1202803).
文摘Herein,a new strategy is proposed for achieving dynamic chiral controls in self-assembly systems of plasmonic nanorods based on temperature-modulation.Via enlarging Au{100}side facets of Au nanorod(AuNR)building block and changing surface ligand from often-used cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)to cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC),inversion of chiroptical signal in side-by-side(SS)oligomers is realized.Under the guide of chiral cysteine(Cys),Au{100}side facet-linked SS rods twist in the opposite direction compared with Au{110}side facet-linked counterparts.At high CPC concentration,by controlling the incubation temperature of chiral Cys,the dominant twist mode can be regulated.Finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)simulations indicate the key role of the twisting dihedral angle of the oligomers in driving chiral signal inversion.At low CPC concentration,a temperature-sensitive chiral switching is observed owing to the conformation change of the CPC ligand layer.The temperature-modulated chiral responses are based on the interactions of chiral molecules,achiral surface ligands,and exposed facets of the building block.The rich dynamic tunability of chiroptical responses of plasmonic assemblies may find applications in stimulus-responsive nanodevices.
基金financially supported by The National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (NSFC31525009)National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771096)+1 种基金Sichuan Innovative Research Team Program for Young Scientists (2016TD0004)Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan University (2011SCU04B18)
文摘Enhancing the heat-sensitivity of tumor cells provides an alternative solution to maintaining the therapeutic outcome of photothermal therapy(PTT). In this study, we constructed a therapeutic system, which was composed of methoxy-polyethylene-glycol-coated-gold-nanorods(MPEG-AuN R) and VER-155008-micelles, to evaluate the effect of VER-155008 on the sensitivity of tumor cells to heat, and further investigate the therapeutic outcome of MPEG-AuN R mediated PTT combined with VER-155008-micelles. VER-155008-micelles downregulate the expression of heat shock proteins and attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cell. The survival of HCT116 cells treated with VER-155008-micelles under 45 ℃ is equal to that treated with high temperature hyperthermia(55 ℃) in vitro. Furthermore, we proved either the MPEG-AuN R or VER-155008-micelles can be accumulate in the tumor site by photoacoustic imaging and fluorescent imaging. In vivo anti-cancer evaluation showed that tumor size remarkably decreased(smaller than 100 mm^3 or vanished) when treated with combing 45℃ mild PTT system, which contrasted to the tumor size when treated with individual 45℃ mild PTT(around 500nm^3) or normal saline as control(larger than 2000 nm^3). These results proved that the VER-155008-micelles can attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cells and enhance the therapeutic outcome of mild-temperature photothermal therapy.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program 2014CB931900 and 2013CB932503)NSFC, China (81373357, 81422048, 81673382 and 81521005) for the supportNational Center for Protein Science Shanghai, CAS, for the technical support at Electron Microscopy Facility
文摘Nanotechnology-based photothermal therapy has attracted great attention in the past decade. Nevertheless, photothermal therapy has some inherent drawbacks, such as the uneven heat production and limited laser penetration, often leading to insufficient treatment outcomes. Here, we developed a combination strategy to improve cancer therapy. The biomimetic albumin-modified gold nanorods(AuNRs) were prepared with incorporation of paclitaxel(PTX). This therapeutic system was characterized by several features. First, the albumin modification enhanced the biocompatibility and colloidal stability. Second, the surface-coated albumin promoted cellular uptake via the albumin-binding protein pathway. Third, PTX was incorporated via hydrophobic interaction between PTX and the albumin lipophilic domain. Fourth, the system can be used for combined photothermo-chemotherapy for yielding synergistic effects. The antitumor activity of the system was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using the HCT116 colon cancer cell and tumor model. The combination therapy was found with an enhanced treatment efficiency and no obvious side effect. Most importantly, the thermal effect was also discovered with the ability to modulate the tumor microenvironments and suppress the macrophages polarization towards the M2 pro-tumor phenotype. It could be a mechanism for photothermal immunotherapy. The combination strategy and the system provide a potential method for cancer therapy.
基金The authors are grateful to the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0700804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51673171)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR16E030001,LR15H160001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2018QNA4057)This study is supported in part by Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics(Zhejiang University),Ministry of Education,P.R.China/Women’s Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province/Uterine Tumors Research Center of Zhejiang Province(ZDFY2017-RG/RH-001).
文摘Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency.Here,we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pHsensitive linkage(AuNRs@DOX),for a combined photothermal and chemical therapy for cancer.First,AuNRs@DOX is ingested by HepG2 liver cancer cells.After endocytosis,the acidic pH triggers the release of doxorubicin,which leads to chemotherapeutic effects.The gold nanorods are not only carriers of DOX,but also photothermal conversion agents.In the presence of an 808 nm near-infrared laser,AuNRs@DOX significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin via the photothermal effect,which induces elevated apoptosis of hepG2 cancer cells,leading to better therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo.
基金sponsored by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0205104 and 2019YFA0906500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51873150,31971300 and 817719709)+2 种基金Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(19JCYBJC28800)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Tianjinthe Key project of Tianjin Foundational Research(Jing Jin Ji)Program,China(19JCZDJC64100)
文摘Tumor recurrence after surgery is the main cause of treatment failure.However,the initial stage of recurrence is not easy to detect,and it is difficult to cure in the late stage.In order to improve the life quality of postoperative patients,an efficient synergistic immunotherapy was developed to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of post-surgical tumor recurrence,simultaneously.In this paper,two kinds of theranostic agents based on gold nanorods(AuNRs)platform were prepared.AuNRs and quantum dots(QDs)in one agent was used for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),using fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)technology to indicate the occurrence of in situ recurrence,while AuNRs in the other agent was used for photothermal therapy(PTT),together with antiPDL1 mediated immunotherapy to alleviate the process of tumor metastasis.A series of assays indicated that this synergistic immunotherapy could induce tumor cell death and the increased generation of CD3;/CD4;T-lymphocytes and CD3+;CD8;T-lymphocytes.Besides,more immune factors(IL-2,IL-6,and IFN-γ)produced by synergistic immunotherapy were secreted than mono-immunotherapy.This cooperative immunotherapy strategy could be utilized for diagnosis and treatment of postoperative tumor recurrence at the same time,providing a new perspective for basic and clinical research.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1103500,2017YFC1103502)the National Natural Science Foundation(31972925,31771096,31930067,31525009)+3 种基金1⋅3⋅5 project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(ZYGD18002)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020YJ0065)Sichuan University Spark Project(2018SCUH0029)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Foundation(SKLOD202016).
文摘Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor,which often occurs in adolescents.However,surgical resection usually fails to completely remove the tumor clinically,which has been the main cause of postoperative recurrence and metastasis,resulting in the high death rate of patients.At the same time,osteosarcoma invades a large area of the bone defect,which cannot be self-repaired and seriously affects the life quality of the patients.Herein,a bifunctional methacrylated gelatin/methacrylated chondroitin sulfate hydrogel hybrid gold nanorods(GNRs)and nanohydroxyapatite(nHA),which possessed excellent photothermal effect,was constructed to eradicate residual tumor after surgery and bone regeneration.In vitro,K7M2wt cells(a mouse bone tumor cell line)can be efficiently eradicated by photothermal therapy of the hybrid hydrogel.Meanwhile,the hydrogel mimics the extracellular matrix to promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.The GNRs/nHA hybrid hydrogel was capable of photothermal treatment of postoperative tumors and bone defect repair in a mice model of tibia osteosarcoma.Therefore,the hybrid hydrogel possesses dual functions of tumor therapy and bone regeneration,which shows great potential in curing bone tumors and provides a new hope for tumor-related bone complex disease.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21774086 and 22175125)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20180093)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.21KJA150008)the Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Foundation(No.SYS2018026)。
文摘Bacterial cellulose(BC)is one of the most versatile natural biopolymers with unique physical,chemical,and biological features.However,the lack of intrinsic antibacterial property of native BC limits its broad biomedical applications where such property is highly required to prevent contamination or infection caused by attached bacteria.In this work,we developed a simple and facile method to fabricate a dualfunctional BC membrane by physical incorporation of gold nanorods(GNRs)followed by deposition of a phase-transitioned bovine serum albumin(PTB)film.Due to the broad-spectrum antifouling property of the PTB film,the resulting membrane could prevent the adhesion and accumulation of bacteria.A few bacteria that broke through the protection of the PTB film could be eradicated under short-term irradiation of a near-infrared laser due to the excellent photothermal property of incorporated GNRs.The whole fabrication was conducted in a simple and environmentally friendly manner,avoiding complicated processes and toxic organic solvents.Moreover,because all the components were biocompatible,the resulting membrane showed negligible cytotoxicity in vitro and good histocompatibility in vivo.This work thus provided a reliable way to endow BC with antibacterial property,being beneficial for diverse biomedical applications.
文摘Although gold nanorods(GNRs)have been produced with different dimensions and aspect ratios,the current synthesis methods through seed-mediated growth are far from ideal,for instance,the quality(rod yield)and the quantity(gold conversion)cannot be simultaneously satisfied.More critically,there is no molecular level understanding of the growth mechanism.Here,we solved the problem by employing the stoichiometric ratio of reactants and tuning the reactivity of the reductant through adjusting the initial pH value of the growth solution to achieve both good quality and high quantity simultaneously.We also extended our strategy to other enols besides ascorbic acid,such as phenolic compounds,and found that the optimal pH for GNRs synthesis depends on the structure of the individual compound.The mechanistic insight greatly enriches the toolbox of reductants for GNRs growth and makes it possible to synthesize GNRs at both acidic and basic conditions.An interesting phenomenon is that for most of the phenolic compounds we tested,the morphology of the final products follows the same sphere-rod-sphere trend as the initial pH value of the reaction increases,whether it is under acidic or basic conditions,which cannot be explained by any previously proposed mechanism.The effect of pH is mainly attributed to the regulation of the reduction potential of the reductants,and thus the reaction rate.A model has been proposed to explain the dependence of anisotropic growth of GNRs on the concentration gradient of reactants around the seeds,which is decided by both the reaction rate and diffusion rate.
基金supported by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(No.62071119)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.BA2020016).
文摘Gold nanorods(AuNRs),as relatively common materials used in biomedical areas,have been synthesized by means of many methods.However,the conventional seed-mediated method is limited by complex operations and low yield.Besides,for further applications of AuNRs,well monodispersed AuNRs and tun-able longitudinal surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)remain to be improved.Herein,we report a one-pot method for synthesizing AuNRs without seeding agents.In this method,we use phenols as reducing agents and hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are used to regulate the pH of the growth solution.AuNRs with the longest LSPR peak position reaching 1340 nm are prepared.Furthermore,by systematically op-timizing concentrations of the reagents involved in the growth solution,different aspect ratios of AuNRs are synthesized.The facile synthesis,controllability aspect ratio,and long LSPR peak make our method promising for wider applications of AuNRs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61875077 and 61911530131)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.18KJA510001)。
文摘Developing new saturable absorbers for use in the mid-infrared region has practical significance for short-pulsed lasers and related scientific and industrial applications.The performance of gold nanorods(GNRs)as saturable absorbers at novel mid-infrared wavelengths needs to be evaluated even though these benefit from ultrafast nonlinear responses and broadband saturable absorption.Passive Q-switching of an LD-pumped 2.3μm Tm:YLF laser using GNRs was successfully realized in this study.Pulses with an 843 ns pulse width and a 6.67 kHz repetition rate were achieved using this Q-switched laser.Results showed that GNRs provide promising passive Q-switches for 2.3μm Tm-doped lasers.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science foundation of China(No.81701849)Science and Technology Support Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2017763)。
文摘Facile achievement of gold nanorods(AuNRs) with controllable longitudinal surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) is of great importance for their applications in various fields.The LSPR of AuNRs is sensitive to their aspect ratio,which is still hard to be precisely tuned by direct synthesis.In this work,we report a simple approach for end-selective etching of AuNRs by a rapid oxidation process with Au(Ⅲ) in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) solution at a mild temperature.The LSPR wavelength and the length of AuNRs blue shifted linearly as a function of the amount of Au(Ⅲ),while the diameter of Au NRs remained nearly constant.The oxidative rate is tempe rature dependent,and the oxidative process for a desired LSPR can be accomplished within 15 min at 60℃.Further investigations indicated that Br determine the occurrence of the oxidation between AuNRs and Au(Ⅲ),and a small amount of surfactant chain(CTA+) is crucial for stabilizing AuNRs.This method presents a quick but robust strategy for acquiring AuNRs with an arbitrary intermediate LSPR wavelength using the same starting AuNRs,and can be a powerful tool for subsequent applications.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(SBK201240182)
文摘Noble metal nanoparticles with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties are widely used as optical sensors in biochemical detection and medical diagnosis. In this paper, we propose an effective determination method to measure the LSPR absorption intensity of gold nanorods (GNRs). A near-infrared (NIR) imaging system is established, and an NIR absorption image of the multiple samples of the colloidal GNRs is captured. Then, the LSPR absorption intensities of these samples are obtained by calculating the average grayscale of the target areas based on the NIR image processing technology. By using this method, the LSPR absorption intensities of the multiple samples are determined all at once, and their accuracy is as high as that obtained by using spectrophotometry. These results suggest that this method is an efficient multi-channel determination technique with high-throughput sensing applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1505221,21635002,21874024,and 21475026,)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT15R11)+1 种基金the HealthEducation joint research project of Fujian Province(No.KJ2016-2-23)Young Thousand Talents Award,Minjiang Scholars of Fujian Province,and the Intramural Research Program(IRP)of the NIBIB,NIH.
文摘Gold nanorods(AuNRs)have attracted tremendous interest in biomedical fields due to their unique optical properties,tunable surface plasmon,and excellent biocompatibility.Their biomedical applications are mainly influenced by near-infrared(NIR)light,which can guarantee deep penetration into human tissues with minimal loss.However,traditional single AuNRs are unable to carry medicine into the lesion regions.Furthermore,it is difficult for AuNR nanoparticles to be implemented in multimodal imagingguided synergetic therapy,which has limited the application of AuNRs in the field of theranostics.In recent years,researchers have made great strides in modifying gold nanorods into nanomaterials for the integration of diagnosis and treatment.After modifying different functionalized shells on the outsides of AuNRs,heterostructure AuNRs known as anisotropic gold nanorod(AAuNR)nanoparticles possessed bioimaging and cancer therapy abilities,as well as a variety of other amazing biomedical applications.In addition,AAuNR nanoparticles can combine biomedical imaging and therapy into one system to achieve multimodal bioimaging guided synergetic therapy.In this study,we presented a current review of the latest progress of different types of AAuNRs nanoparticles and their biomedical applications.Furthermore,the challenges and future development trends of AAuNR nanoparticles in the biomedical fields are discussed.
