In this paper, we have suggested a new technique to transform multi-objective linear programming problem (MOLPP) to the single objective linear programming problem by using Harmonic mean for values of function and an ...In this paper, we have suggested a new technique to transform multi-objective linear programming problem (MOLPP) to the single objective linear programming problem by using Harmonic mean for values of function and an algorithm is suggested for its solution, the computer application of algorithm has been demonstrated by solving some numerical examples. We have used some other techniques, such as (sen, arithmetic mean, median) to solve the same problems, the results in Table 3 indicate that the new technique in general is promising.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to provide a direct proof on the fact that the geometric-harmonic mean of any two positive numbers can be calculated by a first complete elliptical integral, and then to give new character...The purpose of this paper is to provide a direct proof on the fact that the geometric-harmonic mean of any two positive numbers can be calculated by a first complete elliptical integral, and then to give new characterizations of some mean-values.展开更多
Two kinds of parameter estimation methods (I) and (II) of combining forecasting based on harmontic mean are proposed and compared through a lot of simulation forecasting examples. A very helpful conclusion is obtained...Two kinds of parameter estimation methods (I) and (II) of combining forecasting based on harmontic mean are proposed and compared through a lot of simulation forecasting examples. A very helpful conclusion is obtained, which can lay solid foundations for correct application of the above methods.展开更多
Rafael C. Gnzalez has mentioned an algorithm on adaptive local noise elimination filter in the book named Digital Image Processing. This paper points out the algorithm＇s deficiency and presents an improved harmonic m...Rafael C. Gnzalez has mentioned an algorithm on adaptive local noise elimination filter in the book named Digital Image Processing. This paper points out the algorithm＇s deficiency and presents an improved harmonic mean filter algorithm which makes mean square error emse cutting quarter but SNR, SNPm and PSNR increasing a tenth more than original algorithm. This filter algorithm is verified to be effective by simulation experiment.展开更多
Purpose： In this contribution we continue our investigations related to the activity index （A/） and its formal analogs. We try to replace the AI by an indicator which is better suited for policy applications. Desig...Purpose： In this contribution we continue our investigations related to the activity index （A/） and its formal analogs. We try to replace the AI by an indicator which is better suited for policy applications. Design/methodology/approach： We point out that fluctuations in the value of the AI for a given country and domain are never the result of that country＇s policy with respect to that domain alone because there are exogenous factors at play. For this reason we introduce the F-measure. This F-measure is nothing but the harmonic mean of the country＇s share in the world＇s publication output in the given domain and the given domain＇s share in the country＇s publication output.Findings： The F-measure does not suffer from the problems the AI does Research limitations： The indicator is not yet fully tested in real cases R＆D policy management： In policy considerations, the AI should better be replaced by the F-measure as this measure can better show the results of science policy measures （which the AI cannot as it depends on exogenous factors）. Originality/value： We provide an original solution for a problem that is not fully realized by policy makers.展开更多
Purpose: In this contribution we provide two new co-authorship indicators based on fractional counting. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the idea of fractional counting we reflect on what should be an acceptable ...Purpose: In this contribution we provide two new co-authorship indicators based on fractional counting. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the idea of fractional counting we reflect on what should be an acceptable indicator for co-authorship between two entities. From this reflection we propose an indicator, the co-authorship score, denoted as cs, using the harmonic mean. Dividing this new indicator by the classical co-authorship indicator based on full counting, leads to a co-authorship intensity indicator.Findings: We show that the indicators we propose have many necessary or at least highly desirable properties for a proper cs-score. It is pointed out that the two new indicators can be used for countries, but also for institutions and other pairs of entities. A small example shows the feasibility of the co-authorship score and the co-authorship intensity indicator.Research limitations: The indicators are not yet tested in real cases.Practical implications: As the notions of co-authorship and collaboration have many aspects, we think that our contribution may help policy management to take yet another aspect into account as part of a multi-faceted description of research outcomes.Originality/value: The indicators we propose cover yet another aspect of co-authorship.展开更多
Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation with Iterative Decoding (BICM-ID) is a bandwidth ef- ficient transmission, where the bit error rate is reduced through the iterative information exchange between the inner demapper and...Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation with Iterative Decoding (BICM-ID) is a bandwidth ef- ficient transmission, where the bit error rate is reduced through the iterative information exchange between the inner demapper and the outer decoder. The choice of the symbol mapping is the crucial design parameter. This paper indicates that the Harmonic Mean of the Minimum Squared Euclidean (HMMSE) distance is the best criterion for the mapping design. Based on the design criterion of the HMMSE distance, a new search algorithm to find the optimized labeling maps for BICM-ID system is proposed. Numerical results and performance comparison show that the new labeling search method has a low complexity and outperforms other labeling schemes using other design criterion in BICM-ID system, therefore it is an optimized labeling method.展开更多
Benford＇s law is logarithmic law for distribution of leading digits formulated by P[D=d]= log（1＋1/d） where d is leading digit or group of digits. It＇s named by Frank Albert Benford （1938） who formulated mathema...Benford＇s law is logarithmic law for distribution of leading digits formulated by P[D=d]= log（1＋1/d） where d is leading digit or group of digits. It＇s named by Frank Albert Benford （1938） who formulated mathematical model of this probability. Befbre him, the same observation was made by Simon Newcomb. This law has changed usual preasumption of equal probability of each digit on each position in number.The main characteristic properties of this law are base, scale, sum, inverse and product invariance. Base invariance means that logarithmic law is valid for any base. Inverse invariance means that logarithmic law for leading digits holds for inverse values in sample. Multiplication invariance means that if random variable X follows Benford＇s law and Y is arbitrary random variable with continuous density then XY follows Benford＇s law too. Sum invariance means that sums of significand are the same for any leading digit or group of digits. In this text method of testing sum invariance property is proposed.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we have suggested a new technique to transform multi-objective linear programming problem (MOLPP) to the single objective linear programming problem by using Harmonic mean for values of function and an algorithm is suggested for its solution, the computer application of algorithm has been demonstrated by solving some numerical examples. We have used some other techniques, such as (sen, arithmetic mean, median) to solve the same problems, the results in Table 3 indicate that the new technique in general is promising.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to provide a direct proof on the fact that the geometric-harmonic mean of any two positive numbers can be calculated by a first complete elliptical integral, and then to give new characterizations of some mean-values.
文摘Two kinds of parameter estimation methods (I) and (II) of combining forecasting based on harmontic mean are proposed and compared through a lot of simulation forecasting examples. A very helpful conclusion is obtained, which can lay solid foundations for correct application of the above methods.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （60473024） and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province（603009）..
文摘Rafael C. Gnzalez has mentioned an algorithm on adaptive local noise elimination filter in the book named Digital Image Processing. This paper points out the algorithm＇s deficiency and presents an improved harmonic mean filter algorithm which makes mean square error emse cutting quarter but SNR, SNPm and PSNR increasing a tenth more than original algorithm. This filter algorithm is verified to be effective by simulation experiment.
文摘Purpose： In this contribution we continue our investigations related to the activity index （A/） and its formal analogs. We try to replace the AI by an indicator which is better suited for policy applications. Design/methodology/approach： We point out that fluctuations in the value of the AI for a given country and domain are never the result of that country＇s policy with respect to that domain alone because there are exogenous factors at play. For this reason we introduce the F-measure. This F-measure is nothing but the harmonic mean of the country＇s share in the world＇s publication output in the given domain and the given domain＇s share in the country＇s publication output.Findings： The F-measure does not suffer from the problems the AI does Research limitations： The indicator is not yet fully tested in real cases R＆D policy management： In policy considerations, the AI should better be replaced by the F-measure as this measure can better show the results of science policy measures （which the AI cannot as it depends on exogenous factors）. Originality/value： We provide an original solution for a problem that is not fully realized by policy makers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 7197415071573085)+1 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China (18VSJ087)the National Laboratory Center for Library and Information Science in Wuhan University。
文摘Purpose: In this contribution we provide two new co-authorship indicators based on fractional counting. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the idea of fractional counting we reflect on what should be an acceptable indicator for co-authorship between two entities. From this reflection we propose an indicator, the co-authorship score, denoted as cs, using the harmonic mean. Dividing this new indicator by the classical co-authorship indicator based on full counting, leads to a co-authorship intensity indicator.Findings: We show that the indicators we propose have many necessary or at least highly desirable properties for a proper cs-score. It is pointed out that the two new indicators can be used for countries, but also for institutions and other pairs of entities. A small example shows the feasibility of the co-authorship score and the co-authorship intensity indicator.Research limitations: The indicators are not yet tested in real cases.Practical implications: As the notions of co-authorship and collaboration have many aspects, we think that our contribution may help policy management to take yet another aspect into account as part of a multi-faceted description of research outcomes.Originality/value: The indicators we propose cover yet another aspect of co-authorship.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60472104).
文摘Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation with Iterative Decoding (BICM-ID) is a bandwidth ef- ficient transmission, where the bit error rate is reduced through the iterative information exchange between the inner demapper and the outer decoder. The choice of the symbol mapping is the crucial design parameter. This paper indicates that the Harmonic Mean of the Minimum Squared Euclidean (HMMSE) distance is the best criterion for the mapping design. Based on the design criterion of the HMMSE distance, a new search algorithm to find the optimized labeling maps for BICM-ID system is proposed. Numerical results and performance comparison show that the new labeling search method has a low complexity and outperforms other labeling schemes using other design criterion in BICM-ID system, therefore it is an optimized labeling method.
文摘Benford＇s law is logarithmic law for distribution of leading digits formulated by P[D=d]= log（1＋1/d） where d is leading digit or group of digits. It＇s named by Frank Albert Benford （1938） who formulated mathematical model of this probability. Befbre him, the same observation was made by Simon Newcomb. This law has changed usual preasumption of equal probability of each digit on each position in number.The main characteristic properties of this law are base, scale, sum, inverse and product invariance. Base invariance means that logarithmic law is valid for any base. Inverse invariance means that logarithmic law for leading digits holds for inverse values in sample. Multiplication invariance means that if random variable X follows Benford＇s law and Y is arbitrary random variable with continuous density then XY follows Benford＇s law too. Sum invariance means that sums of significand are the same for any leading digit or group of digits. In this text method of testing sum invariance property is proposed.
