The joint development of teachers and young children is the basis for promoting the development of high-quality preschool education in the new era,and encouraging early childhood teachers to make playthings according ...The joint development of teachers and young children is the basis for promoting the development of high-quality preschool education in the new era,and encouraging early childhood teachers to make playthings according to local conditions is both the fine tradition of China's early childhood education and the direct orientation of China's preschool education policy.Homemade play and teaching aids are some of the methods often used in kindergartens,which skillfully combine young children's daily life objects with toys and early childhood teaching,not only enriching the collective activities of young children but also cultivating children's abilities in various aspects.Kindergarten homemade"play and teaching aids"for early childhood teachers and children have their special educational significance and value,therefore,this paper is based on the children and teachers double subject basis,discussing the homemade"play and teaching aids"for children and teachers of the double subject meanings,and puts forward the realization of the This paper discusses the double-subjective meaning of homemade teaching aids for children and teachers on the basis of the double-subjective foundation of children and teachers,and puts forward specific suggestions for realizing the double-subjectivity of kindergarten homemade teaching aids to enrich the theoretical value and practical significance of homemade teaching aids,to provide theoretical references and support for the relevant staff.展开更多
With the rapid development of information technology,Artificial Intelligence(AI)is gradually applied to a wide range of fields,especially the powerful ability of ChatGPT to bring infinite possibilities for education,b...With the rapid development of information technology,Artificial Intelligence(AI)is gradually applied to a wide range of fields,especially the powerful ability of ChatGPT to bring infinite possibilities for education,but teachers’attitudes toward using it are not yet clear.The study investigates the use of ChatGPT by kindergarten teachers to support instructional design using questionnaires and interviews to explore the attitudes and perceptions of kindergarten teachers toward its use.The results indicate that kindergarten teachers hold positive preferences for technology acceptance,perceived self-efficacy,and learning attitudes toward using ChatGPT for instructional design.Meanwhile,the study argues that more research is needed in the future to focus on how kindergarten teachers can aptly use ChatGPT to improve the quality of instruction in realistic instructionenvironments.展开更多
The technological revolution and the explosion of information have created a diverse world.More and more so-called advanced cultures are entering kindergartens,prompting us to think about how to correctly develop the ...The technological revolution and the explosion of information have created a diverse world.More and more so-called advanced cultures are entering kindergartens,prompting us to think about how to correctly develop the existing local cultures in the cultural context,while simultaneously accepting and absorbing the appropriate parts of foreign cultures.It is also necessary to maintain a balance between diversity and localization to prevent kindergartens from becoming a“colony”of foreign cultures.The development of suitable,cultural,and life-oriented kindergarten curricula from different perspectives is the focus of such a balance.Only in this way can kindergartens truly fulfill their educational functions and provide a vibrant and colorful environment for children.展开更多
The construction of early childhood curriculum resources serves as a vital vehicle and precondition for the implementation of collective teaching activities in kindergartens.However,traditional curriculum resources ba...The construction of early childhood curriculum resources serves as a vital vehicle and precondition for the implementation of collective teaching activities in kindergartens.However,traditional curriculum resources based on graphic language or the linguistic descriptions of early childhood educators often fail to provide children with an immersive experience during collective teaching activities,leading to a lack of initiative and interest in learning.This paper discusses the methods for building a kindergarten curriculum resource library and,based on this foundation,employs virtual reality technology for three-dimensional modeling of the library to enrich the curriculum resources in kindergartens.Furthermore,this paper proposes to train early childhood educators in virtual reality technology to enhance their abilities to operate and utilize virtual reality equipment,which can emphasize the children’s central role in the learning process,better achieve educational goals,and improve teaching outcomes.展开更多
Red culture has important educational value.The integration of red aesthetics into the kindergarten provides strong support for children to establish correct values and historical views in the multi-cultural environme...Red culture has important educational value.The integration of red aesthetics into the kindergarten provides strong support for children to establish correct values and historical views in the multi-cultural environment,and cultivate their creativity and aesthetic consciousness.Red aesthetic education activities should pay attention to the real embodiment of children’s subjectivity and the deep integration of application and practice.Practical paths of red aesthetic education in kindergarten include art activities,multi-field penetration,traditional festivals,and red aesthetic education environment infiltration.展开更多
In early childhood education,language education is a crucial component,yet in kindergarten teaching,there often exists issues such as“emphasis on knowledge and neglect of practice.”To address this problem,teachers n...In early childhood education,language education is a crucial component,yet in kindergarten teaching,there often exists issues such as“emphasis on knowledge and neglect of practice.”To address this problem,teachers need to incorporate children’s literature in a reasonable manner to create a conducive environment for language education for young children.This article analyzes and discusses the significance of integrating children’s literature into kindergarten language education activities,and proposes strategies for addressing the current issues in kindergarten language education activities and conducting them based on children’s literature.展开更多
Environmental education is an effective approach to addressing environmental issues,and incorporating environmental education into kindergarten through gamified activities aligns with the concept of gamifying teaching...Environmental education is an effective approach to addressing environmental issues,and incorporating environmental education into kindergarten through gamified activities aligns with the concept of gamifying teaching and provides the optimal pathway for implementing environmental education.The purpose of this study is to investigate the specific processes involved in determining the objectives,themes,and content of gamified environmental education activities,as well as the organization,implementation,and evaluation of these activities in kindergarten settings.Five classes from Class G in Xining City Kindergarten were selected as the observational subjects for this study.Interviews were conducted with the teaching staff and the head of the kindergarten.The data obtained from observations and interviews served as the primary data for this research.The results indicate that the activity objectives formulated by teachers lack scientific basis and operability,with limited incorporation of gaming elements.The activity themes and content are narrow in scope and primarily determined by teachers and kindergarten administrators.The organization and implementation of activities often neglect the playful experiences of children,and activity evaluation is not given sufficient attention.展开更多
This study identified the methods used by kindergarten teachers to reduce bullying among their students in and out of the classroom and examined differences based on the teachers’years of experience and the number of...This study identified the methods used by kindergarten teachers to reduce bullying among their students in and out of the classroom and examined differences based on the teachers’years of experience and the number of courses on bullying they had taken.A descriptive survey using a questionnaire tool collected responses from 208 public kindergarten teachers in Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.The participants agreed with using such methods to reduce bullying among children as responding to parents’reports and following up on the reasons for a child’s absence.They also agreed that bullying in the classroom could be reduced by methods such as avoiding comparisons between children and helping to build friendships among them.Moreover,the teachers agreed to use some methods in which the teacher relies on her authority,such as depriving the bully of play time and transfer-ring him/her to another class.These methods were endorsed more strongly by teachers with at least 10 years of experience than by those with less experience,but no significant difference was observed according to the number of bullying courses taken.In addition,there is a lack of courses that focus on dealing with and confronting bully-ing in educational environments.The study highlights the need to provide teachers with training on how to deal with bullying and to set specific and clear policies on addressing bullying in kindergarten.展开更多
The issue of the extremely imbalanced gender ratio in preschool teachers has received widespread attention,and there are few studies on teacher-child verbal interaction behavior based on gender differences in preschoo...The issue of the extremely imbalanced gender ratio in preschool teachers has received widespread attention,and there are few studies on teacher-child verbal interaction behavior based on gender differences in preschool teachers.This article takes the“Little Light Bulb Is On”,a scientific exploration activity done by 5-6 years old kindergarten students as an example,and uses the improved Flanders Interaction Analysis System(iFIAS)as a tool to analyze the speech interaction behavior of male and female preschool teachers.The research results indicate that there are gender differences in teacher child language interaction between male and female teachers in terms of the atmosphere,the teaching structure,the teaching tendency,the way of raising questions,and the overall trend of interaction.展开更多
This study investigated the professional commitment of kindergarten teachers in a private kindergarten located in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.The research employed a questionnaire and utilized correlation analysis t...This study investigated the professional commitment of kindergarten teachers in a private kindergarten located in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.The research employed a questionnaire and utilized correlation analysis to examine the factors influencing the professional commitment of private kindergarten teachers.The findings revealed that the overall level of career commitment among private kindergarten teachers was moderately low.Among the three dimensions of professional commitment,namely,continuance commitment,affective commitment,and normative commitment,the affective commitment dimension exhibited a relatively high level,whereas the continuance commitment and normative commitment dimensions showed relatively low levels.Significant differences in professional commitment levels were observed based on teacher age,education level,age of children,salary,and class size.However,no significant differences were found based on teacher specialty,position,and teaching experience.展开更多
Presently, there are many problems on kindergarten designing. For example, visual perception is always the priority for outdoor landscapes, and sandpit and children＇s slide are always devices for attracting children....Presently, there are many problems on kindergarten designing. For example, visual perception is always the priority for outdoor landscapes, and sandpit and children＇s slide are always devices for attracting children. The research analyzed the role of regional characteristics in designing kindergarten landscapes and proposed that the regional elements should be taken into consideration, providing references for characteristic designs of kindergarten landscape.展开更多
Education plays a significant role in the development of Chinese society. Early childhood education, as a foundation of education, has a profound influence on Chinese children's growth process.
Gastroenteritis is considered as one of the leading causes of illness and death in children under 5 years age, especially in developing countries. It is one of the major public health problems among childhood in Gaza ...Gastroenteritis is considered as one of the leading causes of illness and death in children under 5 years age, especially in developing countries. It is one of the major public health problems among childhood in Gaza strip, Palestine. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteric pathogen-associated community gastro- enteritis among kindergarten children in Gaza. A total of 150 stool samples were collected and investigated for parasitic, viral and bacterial pathogens at Al Azhar microbiology laboratories by using standard microbiological and serological procedures. Out of the 150 study samples, the overall percentage of positive stool samples with a known enteric pathogen was 60.6%. The prevalence of different enteric pathogens causing community gastroenteritis among symptomatic cases （88.5%） was significantly higher than the prevalence in asymptomatic carriage （11.1%）. The most prevalent isolated enteric pathogens were Entamoeba histolytica （28.0%） and Giardia lamblia （26.7%）. Rotavirus was found in 3.1% of symptomatic cases but not detected in asymptomatic carriage. However, adenovirus type 40 and 41 were not detected in any of the study samples. The bacterial enteric pathogens Shigella and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157：H7 （EHEC） have comparable occurrence as rotavirus （3.1%）, meanwhile, Salmonella was not isolated. Mixed infection with more than 1 pathogen was found （11.4%） only among symptomatic cases. Children aged 3-year-old showed the highest prevalence of community gastroenteritis. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of parasitic enteropathogens and a relatively low prevalence of bacterial and viral enteropathogens among kindergarten children living in Gaza city, moreover, children aged 3 years old showed the highest prevalence of isolated enteropathogens.展开更多
AHEMD-SR(Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Self Report)was applied to children from 18 to 42 months(N=132),from a coastal municipality of Portugal.The results revealed that the father’s income...AHEMD-SR(Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Self Report)was applied to children from 18 to 42 months(N=132),from a coastal municipality of Portugal.The results revealed that the father’s income provides more conditions for motor development stimulation,and that a higher number of offspring may result in less conditions for the younger ones.Having a mother,whatever her academic qualifications,is also a factor that promotes better conditions.Thus,in families with fewer resources and more children,it is strategically advisable to technically support the mother.The kindergarten appears to be an equalizer factor for opportunities for access to motor stimulation resources.展开更多
As it is known, staying for long periods of time in a place with high concentration of radon is a health hazard. This health risk can be increased into adulthood, if at infant ages the young people grow inside places ...As it is known, staying for long periods of time in a place with high concentration of radon is a health hazard. This health risk can be increased into adulthood, if at infant ages the young people grow inside places with important indoor radon levels. Causal associations between exposure level and lung cancer have been demonstrated in epidemiological studies around the world, suggesting that for younger age children groups, the risk coefficient of lung cancer for inhaled radon and their daughters is about a factor of 4 on children from recent born to 10 years old, and 2 for ages between 10 to 20 years old. The aim of this work is to determine the indoor radon levels where infants, from 3 months to 6 years old, remain long times in child care centers and kindergartens. Indoor radon （222Rn） concentration levels were measured in the child care centers and kindergartens of the 16 political administrative regions, covering 5% of the total in Mexico City. This study was conducted over a one-year period, divided into four three-month periods coinciding with the seasons. Nuclear Track Methodology was selected for the measurements, and a passive close-end-cup-device was designed specifically to be used in children places. In this study, the results of measurements of indoor radon concentration in child care centers and kindergartens in Mexico City are encouraging, finding indoor radon levels between 26 Bq/m^3 and 75 Bq/m^3 with an average value of 51 Bq/m^3. It can be considered that the indoor radon concentration levels are low in this type of buildings, due to the benign climate in the city, the architecture design of the constructions, and the ventilation habits of the population.展开更多
Objective：To study the Cryptosporidium infection among young children in Anhui province, and to explore the best way to diagnose the disease. Methods： Stool specimens of 1 204 children were collected; oocysts of Cry...Objective：To study the Cryptosporidium infection among young children in Anhui province, and to explore the best way to diagnose the disease. Methods： Stool specimens of 1 204 children were collected; oocysts of Cryptosporidium were identified with auramine O- modified staining, acid-fast staining, safranine T and methylene blue staining, and auramine O-modified acid-fast staining. Results： The detectable rate of Cryptosporidium in four stainings were respectively 2.46%, 1.50%, 1.98% and 3.46%, and there was a higher significant difference in the rate between auramine O-modified acid-fast staining and the others（P 〈 0.005）. The detectable rate was significantly lower in urban children（2.14%, 15/684） than in rural ones（5,19%, 27/520）. Boys and girls had similar detectable rate （1.99%, 24/1 204 vs. 1.50%, 18/1 204）. Cryptosporidium infection was usually subclinical, and its major clinical features included benign diarrhea, mild abdominal pain and nausea. Conclusion：Cryptosporidium infection was relatively common in kindergartens and a higher infection rate was found in rural children. As the majority of the Cryptosporidium infections were subclinical, diagnosis is important although difficult.展开更多
Previous reports have suggested that the environment of day care centres is a crucial factor in the development of enterobiasis. There is a lack of data regarding a teacher’s knowledge about enterobiasis although kin...Previous reports have suggested that the environment of day care centres is a crucial factor in the development of enterobiasis. There is a lack of data regarding a teacher’s knowledge about enterobiasis although kindergarten teachers have the greatest influence on a child’s habits because the child spends a lot of time with them and because they manage the child’s physical environment. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the kindergarten teacher’s level of knowledge regarding enterobiasis. The cross-sectional survey is with 287 kindergarten teachers from 36 kindergartens in Korea. The level of knowledge regarding Enterobius vermicularis infection was measured using questionnaires. The percentage of correct answers to questions testing knowledge of enterobiasis ranged from 23.7 percent to 99.3 percent. The average score for the section on knowledge of enterobiasis was 7.85 (possible range: 0-12). The question “enterobiasis occurs through contaminated water” had the least correct answer rate (23.7%). The findings of this study suggest the need for increasing the kindergarten teacher’s knowledge regarding enterobiasis. Educational programs for kindergarten teachers will have a long-term impact on the prevalence of this infection.展开更多
The focus of our topic is doing regularly physical exercises,regarding healthy way of life,which is also the basis of development of kindergarten aged children.The children of consecutive generations are growing fat a...The focus of our topic is doing regularly physical exercises,regarding healthy way of life,which is also the basis of development of kindergarten aged children.The children of consecutive generations are growing fat and the number of overweight children in the generation change has increased.Although not all fat children will become fat adults,but this is very likely.Prevention should be started as early as the age of preschool.Physical activity must play an outstanding role in ensuring healthy development of children’s organisms.展开更多
As a national policy of benefiting the country and the people, " precision" poverty alleviation has an important strategic position.The core of " precision" poverty alleviation is education poverty...As a national policy of benefiting the country and the people, " precision" poverty alleviation has an important strategic position.The core of " precision" poverty alleviation is education poverty alleviation. Based on the background of " precision" poverty alleviation,this study focuses on the analysis of problems of rural inclusive private kindergartens in the province,such as the shortage of rural pre-school resources,the uneven quality of teachers,and lack of financial investment. And in view of the existing problems,this paper puts forward some solutions to better promote the rural inclusive kindergarten development in the province.展开更多
文摘The joint development of teachers and young children is the basis for promoting the development of high-quality preschool education in the new era,and encouraging early childhood teachers to make playthings according to local conditions is both the fine tradition of China's early childhood education and the direct orientation of China's preschool education policy.Homemade play and teaching aids are some of the methods often used in kindergartens,which skillfully combine young children's daily life objects with toys and early childhood teaching,not only enriching the collective activities of young children but also cultivating children's abilities in various aspects.Kindergarten homemade"play and teaching aids"for early childhood teachers and children have their special educational significance and value,therefore,this paper is based on the children and teachers double subject basis,discussing the homemade"play and teaching aids"for children and teachers of the double subject meanings,and puts forward the realization of the This paper discusses the double-subjective meaning of homemade teaching aids for children and teachers on the basis of the double-subjective foundation of children and teachers,and puts forward specific suggestions for realizing the double-subjectivity of kindergarten homemade teaching aids to enrich the theoretical value and practical significance of homemade teaching aids,to provide theoretical references and support for the relevant staff.
基金supported by Major Cultivating Projects of Leading Talents in Philosophy and Social Sciences of Zhejiang Province“Aiming for Common Prosperity:Improvement and Evaluation of Professional Competence of Teachers of Early Childhood Institutions Driven by Multimodal Data Fusion”(23YJRC13ZD-3YB).
文摘With the rapid development of information technology,Artificial Intelligence(AI)is gradually applied to a wide range of fields,especially the powerful ability of ChatGPT to bring infinite possibilities for education,but teachers’attitudes toward using it are not yet clear.The study investigates the use of ChatGPT by kindergarten teachers to support instructional design using questionnaires and interviews to explore the attitudes and perceptions of kindergarten teachers toward its use.The results indicate that kindergarten teachers hold positive preferences for technology acceptance,perceived self-efficacy,and learning attitudes toward using ChatGPT for instructional design.Meanwhile,the study argues that more research is needed in the future to focus on how kindergarten teachers can aptly use ChatGPT to improve the quality of instruction in realistic instructionenvironments.
文摘The technological revolution and the explosion of information have created a diverse world.More and more so-called advanced cultures are entering kindergartens,prompting us to think about how to correctly develop the existing local cultures in the cultural context,while simultaneously accepting and absorbing the appropriate parts of foreign cultures.It is also necessary to maintain a balance between diversity and localization to prevent kindergartens from becoming a“colony”of foreign cultures.The development of suitable,cultural,and life-oriented kindergarten curricula from different perspectives is the focus of such a balance.Only in this way can kindergartens truly fulfill their educational functions and provide a vibrant and colorful environment for children.
基金Educational Science Research Program of Anhui(JK22007)Key Project on Anhui Provincial Humanities and Social Sciences by Colleges and Universities(SK2019A0373)+1 种基金Teaching Research Project of Anhui Province(2022jyxm927)Jiangxi Postdoctoral Foundation(2021RC04)。
文摘The construction of early childhood curriculum resources serves as a vital vehicle and precondition for the implementation of collective teaching activities in kindergartens.However,traditional curriculum resources based on graphic language or the linguistic descriptions of early childhood educators often fail to provide children with an immersive experience during collective teaching activities,leading to a lack of initiative and interest in learning.This paper discusses the methods for building a kindergarten curriculum resource library and,based on this foundation,employs virtual reality technology for three-dimensional modeling of the library to enrich the curriculum resources in kindergartens.Furthermore,this paper proposes to train early childhood educators in virtual reality technology to enhance their abilities to operate and utilize virtual reality equipment,which can emphasize the children’s central role in the learning process,better achieve educational goals,and improve teaching outcomes.
基金General Project of Humanities and Social Sciences in 2024 Henan Province(2024-ZDJH-123)。
文摘Red culture has important educational value.The integration of red aesthetics into the kindergarten provides strong support for children to establish correct values and historical views in the multi-cultural environment,and cultivate their creativity and aesthetic consciousness.Red aesthetic education activities should pay attention to the real embodiment of children’s subjectivity and the deep integration of application and practice.Practical paths of red aesthetic education in kindergarten include art activities,multi-field penetration,traditional festivals,and red aesthetic education environment infiltration.
文摘In early childhood education,language education is a crucial component,yet in kindergarten teaching,there often exists issues such as“emphasis on knowledge and neglect of practice.”To address this problem,teachers need to incorporate children’s literature in a reasonable manner to create a conducive environment for language education for young children.This article analyzes and discusses the significance of integrating children’s literature into kindergarten language education activities,and proposes strategies for addressing the current issues in kindergarten language education activities and conducting them based on children’s literature.
文摘Environmental education is an effective approach to addressing environmental issues,and incorporating environmental education into kindergarten through gamified activities aligns with the concept of gamifying teaching and provides the optimal pathway for implementing environmental education.The purpose of this study is to investigate the specific processes involved in determining the objectives,themes,and content of gamified environmental education activities,as well as the organization,implementation,and evaluation of these activities in kindergarten settings.Five classes from Class G in Xining City Kindergarten were selected as the observational subjects for this study.Interviews were conducted with the teaching staff and the head of the kindergarten.The data obtained from observations and interviews served as the primary data for this research.The results indicate that the activity objectives formulated by teachers lack scientific basis and operability,with limited incorporation of gaming elements.The activity themes and content are narrow in scope and primarily determined by teachers and kindergarten administrators.The organization and implementation of activities often neglect the playful experiences of children,and activity evaluation is not given sufficient attention.
文摘This study identified the methods used by kindergarten teachers to reduce bullying among their students in and out of the classroom and examined differences based on the teachers’years of experience and the number of courses on bullying they had taken.A descriptive survey using a questionnaire tool collected responses from 208 public kindergarten teachers in Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.The participants agreed with using such methods to reduce bullying among children as responding to parents’reports and following up on the reasons for a child’s absence.They also agreed that bullying in the classroom could be reduced by methods such as avoiding comparisons between children and helping to build friendships among them.Moreover,the teachers agreed to use some methods in which the teacher relies on her authority,such as depriving the bully of play time and transfer-ring him/her to another class.These methods were endorsed more strongly by teachers with at least 10 years of experience than by those with less experience,but no significant difference was observed according to the number of bullying courses taken.In addition,there is a lack of courses that focus on dealing with and confronting bully-ing in educational environments.The study highlights the need to provide teachers with training on how to deal with bullying and to set specific and clear policies on addressing bullying in kindergarten.
文摘The issue of the extremely imbalanced gender ratio in preschool teachers has received widespread attention,and there are few studies on teacher-child verbal interaction behavior based on gender differences in preschool teachers.This article takes the“Little Light Bulb Is On”,a scientific exploration activity done by 5-6 years old kindergarten students as an example,and uses the improved Flanders Interaction Analysis System(iFIAS)as a tool to analyze the speech interaction behavior of male and female preschool teachers.The research results indicate that there are gender differences in teacher child language interaction between male and female teachers in terms of the atmosphere,the teaching structure,the teaching tendency,the way of raising questions,and the overall trend of interaction.
文摘This study investigated the professional commitment of kindergarten teachers in a private kindergarten located in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.The research employed a questionnaire and utilized correlation analysis to examine the factors influencing the professional commitment of private kindergarten teachers.The findings revealed that the overall level of career commitment among private kindergarten teachers was moderately low.Among the three dimensions of professional commitment,namely,continuance commitment,affective commitment,and normative commitment,the affective commitment dimension exhibited a relatively high level,whereas the continuance commitment and normative commitment dimensions showed relatively low levels.Significant differences in professional commitment levels were observed based on teacher age,education level,age of children,salary,and class size.However,no significant differences were found based on teacher specialty,position,and teaching experience.
文摘Presently, there are many problems on kindergarten designing. For example, visual perception is always the priority for outdoor landscapes, and sandpit and children＇s slide are always devices for attracting children. The research analyzed the role of regional characteristics in designing kindergarten landscapes and proposed that the regional elements should be taken into consideration, providing references for characteristic designs of kindergarten landscape.
文摘Education plays a significant role in the development of Chinese society. Early childhood education, as a foundation of education, has a profound influence on Chinese children's growth process.
文摘Gastroenteritis is considered as one of the leading causes of illness and death in children under 5 years age, especially in developing countries. It is one of the major public health problems among childhood in Gaza strip, Palestine. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteric pathogen-associated community gastro- enteritis among kindergarten children in Gaza. A total of 150 stool samples were collected and investigated for parasitic, viral and bacterial pathogens at Al Azhar microbiology laboratories by using standard microbiological and serological procedures. Out of the 150 study samples, the overall percentage of positive stool samples with a known enteric pathogen was 60.6%. The prevalence of different enteric pathogens causing community gastroenteritis among symptomatic cases （88.5%） was significantly higher than the prevalence in asymptomatic carriage （11.1%）. The most prevalent isolated enteric pathogens were Entamoeba histolytica （28.0%） and Giardia lamblia （26.7%）. Rotavirus was found in 3.1% of symptomatic cases but not detected in asymptomatic carriage. However, adenovirus type 40 and 41 were not detected in any of the study samples. The bacterial enteric pathogens Shigella and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157：H7 （EHEC） have comparable occurrence as rotavirus （3.1%）, meanwhile, Salmonella was not isolated. Mixed infection with more than 1 pathogen was found （11.4%） only among symptomatic cases. Children aged 3-year-old showed the highest prevalence of community gastroenteritis. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of parasitic enteropathogens and a relatively low prevalence of bacterial and viral enteropathogens among kindergarten children living in Gaza city, moreover, children aged 3 years old showed the highest prevalence of isolated enteropathogens.
基金Funding acknowledgements:This study was partially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology,I.P.under Grant number UIDP/04748/2020。
文摘AHEMD-SR(Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Self Report)was applied to children from 18 to 42 months(N=132),from a coastal municipality of Portugal.The results revealed that the father’s income provides more conditions for motor development stimulation,and that a higher number of offspring may result in less conditions for the younger ones.Having a mother,whatever her academic qualifications,is also a factor that promotes better conditions.Thus,in families with fewer resources and more children,it is strategically advisable to technically support the mother.The kindergarten appears to be an equalizer factor for opportunities for access to motor stimulation resources.
文摘As it is known, staying for long periods of time in a place with high concentration of radon is a health hazard. This health risk can be increased into adulthood, if at infant ages the young people grow inside places with important indoor radon levels. Causal associations between exposure level and lung cancer have been demonstrated in epidemiological studies around the world, suggesting that for younger age children groups, the risk coefficient of lung cancer for inhaled radon and their daughters is about a factor of 4 on children from recent born to 10 years old, and 2 for ages between 10 to 20 years old. The aim of this work is to determine the indoor radon levels where infants, from 3 months to 6 years old, remain long times in child care centers and kindergartens. Indoor radon （222Rn） concentration levels were measured in the child care centers and kindergartens of the 16 political administrative regions, covering 5% of the total in Mexico City. This study was conducted over a one-year period, divided into four three-month periods coinciding with the seasons. Nuclear Track Methodology was selected for the measurements, and a passive close-end-cup-device was designed specifically to be used in children places. In this study, the results of measurements of indoor radon concentration in child care centers and kindergartens in Mexico City are encouraging, finding indoor radon levels between 26 Bq/m^3 and 75 Bq/m^3 with an average value of 51 Bq/m^3. It can be considered that the indoor radon concentration levels are low in this type of buildings, due to the benign climate in the city, the architecture design of the constructions, and the ventilation habits of the population.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Youth of Anhui University of Science & Technology(1999-21)
文摘Objective：To study the Cryptosporidium infection among young children in Anhui province, and to explore the best way to diagnose the disease. Methods： Stool specimens of 1 204 children were collected; oocysts of Cryptosporidium were identified with auramine O- modified staining, acid-fast staining, safranine T and methylene blue staining, and auramine O-modified acid-fast staining. Results： The detectable rate of Cryptosporidium in four stainings were respectively 2.46%, 1.50%, 1.98% and 3.46%, and there was a higher significant difference in the rate between auramine O-modified acid-fast staining and the others（P 〈 0.005）. The detectable rate was significantly lower in urban children（2.14%, 15/684） than in rural ones（5,19%, 27/520）. Boys and girls had similar detectable rate （1.99%, 24/1 204 vs. 1.50%, 18/1 204）. Cryptosporidium infection was usually subclinical, and its major clinical features included benign diarrhea, mild abdominal pain and nausea. Conclusion：Cryptosporidium infection was relatively common in kindergartens and a higher infection rate was found in rural children. As the majority of the Cryptosporidium infections were subclinical, diagnosis is important although difficult.
文摘Previous reports have suggested that the environment of day care centres is a crucial factor in the development of enterobiasis. There is a lack of data regarding a teacher’s knowledge about enterobiasis although kindergarten teachers have the greatest influence on a child’s habits because the child spends a lot of time with them and because they manage the child’s physical environment. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the kindergarten teacher’s level of knowledge regarding enterobiasis. The cross-sectional survey is with 287 kindergarten teachers from 36 kindergartens in Korea. The level of knowledge regarding Enterobius vermicularis infection was measured using questionnaires. The percentage of correct answers to questions testing knowledge of enterobiasis ranged from 23.7 percent to 99.3 percent. The average score for the section on knowledge of enterobiasis was 7.85 (possible range: 0-12). The question “enterobiasis occurs through contaminated water” had the least correct answer rate (23.7%). The findings of this study suggest the need for increasing the kindergarten teacher’s knowledge regarding enterobiasis. Educational programs for kindergarten teachers will have a long-term impact on the prevalence of this infection.
文摘The focus of our topic is doing regularly physical exercises,regarding healthy way of life,which is also the basis of development of kindergarten aged children.The children of consecutive generations are growing fat and the number of overweight children in the generation change has increased.Although not all fat children will become fat adults,but this is very likely.Prevention should be started as early as the age of preschool.Physical activity must play an outstanding role in ensuring healthy development of children’s organisms.
基金Supported by the Key Humanities and Social Sciences Project of the 13th FiveYear Plan in Hebei Province(1602079)
文摘As a national policy of benefiting the country and the people, " precision" poverty alleviation has an important strategic position.The core of " precision" poverty alleviation is education poverty alleviation. Based on the background of " precision" poverty alleviation,this study focuses on the analysis of problems of rural inclusive private kindergartens in the province,such as the shortage of rural pre-school resources,the uneven quality of teachers,and lack of financial investment. And in view of the existing problems,this paper puts forward some solutions to better promote the rural inclusive kindergarten development in the province.
