BACKGROUND Patient satisfaction with facial appearance at the end of orthodontic camouflage treatment is very important, especially for skeletal malocclusion. This case report highlights the importance of the treatmen...BACKGROUND Patient satisfaction with facial appearance at the end of orthodontic camouflage treatment is very important, especially for skeletal malocclusion. This case report highlights the importance of the treatment plan for a patient initially treated with four-premolar-extraction camouflage, despite indications for orthognathic surgery.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old male sought treatment complaining about his unsatisfactory facial appearance. His maxillary first premolars and mandibular second premolars had been extracted, and a fixed appliance had been used to retract his anterior teeth for two years without improvement. He had a convex profile, a gummy smile, lip incompetence, inadequate maxillary incisor inclination, and almost a class I molar relationship. Cephalometric analysis showed severe skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion(A point-nasion-B point = 11.5°) with a retrognathic mandible(sella-nasion-B point = 75.9°), a protruded maxilla(sella-nasion-A point = 87.4°), and vertical maxillary excess(upper incisor to palatal plane = 33.2 mm). The excessive lingual inclination of the maxillary incisors(upper incisor to nasion-A point line =-5.5°)was due to previous treatment attempts to compensate for the skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion. The patient was successfully retreated with decompensating orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery. The maxillary incisors were repositioned and proclined in the alveolar bone, the overjet was increased, and a space was created for orthognathic surgery, including maxillary impaction, anterior maxillary back-setting, and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy to correct his skeletal anteroposterior discrepancy. Gingival display was reduced, and lip competence was restored. In addition, the results remained stable after 2 years. The patient was satisfied with his new profile as well as with the functional malocclusion at the end of treatment.CONCLUSION This case report provides orthodontists a good example of how to treat an adult with severe skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion with vertical maxillary excess after an unsatisfactory orthodontic camouflage treatment. Orthodontic and orthognathic treatment can significantly correct a patient’s facial appearance.展开更多
Introduction: One of the most common risks of fixed orthodontic therapy is the evidence of root resorption post orthodontic treatment ranging from mild root blunting to severe root resorption of significant portions o...Introduction: One of the most common risks of fixed orthodontic therapy is the evidence of root resorption post orthodontic treatment ranging from mild root blunting to severe root resorption of significant portions of the root structure. The etiology of apical root resorption is multifactorial but largely depends upon the type of orthodontic tooth movement and treatment duration. Study Objective: The primary aim of this study is to examine the association of external apical root resorption and vertical correction in anterior open bite malocclusions using panoramic radiographs for evaluation. Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of 16 patients with anterior open bite malocclusions were scored to assess root resorption of anterior teeth (U/L 3-3). Initial and final root length and total tooth length for U/L 3-3 were measured on panoramic radiographs in Dolphin imaging. Results: Of the 24 pairs of measurements, 7 had a significant p-value (p Conclusions: A statistically significant amount of root resorption was observed, from pre-treatment to post-treatment radiographs. All mandibular anterior teeth except the mandibular right lateral incisors showed evidence of root resorption.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the personality and psychosocial status of adult malocclusion patients through the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) and the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). Methods:The EPQ and the SCL-90 were...Objective:To evaluate the personality and psychosocial status of adult malocclusion patients through the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) and the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). Methods:The EPQ and the SCL-90 were administered to 348 adult respondents with Angle’s ClassⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲmalocclusion and normal occlusion.Personality and psychosocial traits were analyzed and compared among the groups.Results:Patients in Angle’s ClassⅠ,D andⅢgroups scored lower on the EPQ-E and higher on the EPQ-N than those in the normal occlusion group, whereas patients in the Class II group scored higher on the EPQ-P.The mean scores of ClassⅠ,ⅡandⅢgroups were significantly higher than those of the normal group on somatization, obsessive-compulsiveness,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,and paranoid ideation. All SCL-90 scores were significantly positively correlated with EPQ-N.Psychoticiam and neuroticism scores of female respondents were higher than those of male respondents.The impact of education was greatest on the EPQ-P and the EPQ-E of adult personality,whereas the impact of deformity was greatest on the EPQ-N of adult personality.Conclusions:Personality and psychosocial status show differences in adult patients with ClassⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲmalocclusion and normal occlusion and can be influenced by gender,deformity,age and education.展开更多
Objective: This study seeks to review current and relevant literature on global Angle class III malocclusion prevalence. Materials and Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane D...Objective: This study seeks to review current and relevant literature on global Angle class III malocclusion prevalence. Materials and Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review were searched using specific inclusion criteria to obtain applicable articles. All pertinent references were also examined for acceptability. Results: A total of 20 articles were identified using the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of Angle class III malocclusion ranged from 0 to 26.7% in different populations reported in the literature examined. Meta-regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between prevalence rates and the method of assessment, age group and year of the study. However, much of the study-to-study variation (approximately 40%) could be explained by population. Conclusion: These results suggest that the prevalence of Angle class III malocclusion varies greatly within different races and geographic regions. Chinese and Malaysian populations have a higher prevalence of Angle class III malocclusion compared to other racial groups, while Indian populations have a lower prevalence than all other racial groups examined.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to evaluate skeletal and dental effects of bionator headgear combination appliances on patients in development period with Class Ⅱ, division 1 malocclusion. The comparison of computerize...The purpose of this study was to evaluate skeletal and dental effects of bionator headgear combination appliances on patients in development period with Class Ⅱ, division 1 malocclusion. The comparison of computerized X-ray cephalometric measurements between the 26 treated children and 26 untreated children was made.The results showed that ANB angle was significantly reduced and horizontal mandibular growth development tended to be normal in the treated group.It was suggested that the bionator headgear combination appliance can restrain the maxillary growth early and promote the forward mandibular growth which contribute the functional jaws correction.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> The goal of this study was to utilize physical characteristics instead of placing subjects in arbitrary diagnostic categories to test for associations with genetic variants. ...<strong>Introduction:</strong> The goal of this study was to utilize physical characteristics instead of placing subjects in arbitrary diagnostic categories to test for associations with genetic variants. <strong>Methods:</strong> Forty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms were tested for association with specific cephalometric measurements in thirty-nine University of Pittsburgh Dental Registry and DNA Repository orthodontic subjects. Cephalometric measurements included an evaluation of FMA, a Wits appraisal, and a Steiner’s ANB analysis. Genetic markers were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and Taqman chemistry. Chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests (α = 0.05) were used in investigation of overrepresentation of marker alleles. Samples were divided into groups based upon having an FMA, Wits, or ANB measurement above or below the mean of the cohort studied. Secondary analysis was done for sex and ethnicity to determine their effect on FMA, Wits, or ANB. <strong>Results: </strong>An association between FMA measurements was discovered in the following genes: ACTN3, CASP4, ESR1, FGF13, KRT7, and PITX2. An association between Wits measurements was discovered in the following genes: ACTN2, BTBD11, CASP4, FGF3, and FGF10. No associations were found with ANB.<strong> Conclusions: </strong>Genetic markers in several genes at different loci may contribute to craniofacial deformities in humans. This approach of using physical measurements may be an advantage to placing patients in arbitrary diagnostic categories.展开更多
BACKGROUND Fibrous dysplasia(FD)is a developmental hamartomatous bone disease characterized by a blend of fibrous and osseous entities.Though rarely malignant,the tumor can vary from being small and asymptomatic,to a ...BACKGROUND Fibrous dysplasia(FD)is a developmental hamartomatous bone disease characterized by a blend of fibrous and osseous entities.Though rarely malignant,the tumor can vary from being small and asymptomatic,to a fairly large sized lesion,progressing gradually,compromising occlusion and facial esthetics.Treatment approach depends on the stage of skeletal maturity.It primarily involves surgical management for stabilizing the disease process.Post-surgical comprehensive dental treatment is necessary for restoring form and function of the jaws and teeth.This article describes comprehensive orthodontic management of severe malocclusion in a surgically operated case of FD maxilla.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year female presented with a chief complaint of excessive gingival display when smiling.Dental history included swelling of gums around the upper right front teeth,diagnosed at the age of 15 as FD of the right anterior maxillary segment and treated with surgical recontouring of the dysplastic bone.The clinical and radiological examinations showed adequate post-surgical healing.The surgically treated dysplastic area presented with right canting of the maxillary anterior occlusal plane.The maxillary teeth were torqued palatally,with the root of the right maxillary canine exposed clinically.We discuss sequential management of the associated malocclusion with comprehensive fixed orthodontics,along with special precautions taken to prevent reactivation of the quiescent and healed lesion.CONCLUSION The adequate healing of fibro-dysplastic bone post-surgery must be allowed before initiating orthodontic tooth movement in the dysplastic bone.Periodic follow-ups are needed to monitor stability of occlusion and any relapse of the lesion.展开更多
Class III malocclusion associated with skeletal anterior open bite pattern in adults can be a challenging orthodontic problem, especially for the nonsurgical treatment. Conventionally, several treatment alternatives a...Class III malocclusion associated with skeletal anterior open bite pattern in adults can be a challenging orthodontic problem, especially for the nonsurgical treatment. Conventionally, several treatment alternatives are available such as tooth extraction, molar intrusion, and absolute anchorage system or orthognathic surgical correction. Although correction with surgery may be the most effective and stable way, many patients refused surgical treatment plan because of the costs and traumas it may bring. We reported a nonsurgical orthopedic treatment of 22-year-old male with severe skeletal anterior open bite, dental Class III malocclusion, posterior crossbite and a high mandibular plane angle. The patient refused surgery and extraction. So we formulated a treatment plan consisting of using rapid palatal expansion appliance to expand the maxilla, standard edgewise brackets to align the teeth, Class III elastics to correct the canines, premolars, and molars relationship, reverse curve of the nickel-titanium wire combined with anterior vertical elastics to intrude molars and correct open bite. In this case, without suffering of surgery, the posterior crossbite was ideally corrected, and ideal overjet and overbite relationships and functional occlusion were all achieved. The patient obtained satisfactory occlusal as well as functional and stable results.展开更多
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of face mask (FM) and Maxillary Bite Block (BB) in skeletal class III patients during mixed dentition with control group of the same class during their growth...Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of face mask (FM) and Maxillary Bite Block (BB) in skeletal class III patients during mixed dentition with control group of the same class during their growth. Materials & Methods: Forty-two patients were selected based on clinical and cephalometric examination, with age ranged from 6 to 8 years according to definite criteria. Patients were classified into two groups: treated and control groups;all records were taken for every patient. Lateral cephalometric films were traced before and after treatment and analyzed. Results: Intermaxillary skeletal variables showed significant improvement in the treated group with an average increase of ANB angle (Maxilo mandibular difference angle) of 3.14°and an average increase in wits appraisal 2.15 mm. Conclusion: The study concluded that, treatment with face mask and maxillary bite block induced significant dentoskeletal changes.展开更多
Introduction: The assessment of health care needs must be reproducible, independent of the operator, hence the use of indexes like the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The aim of this study was to assess bo...Introduction: The assessment of health care needs must be reproducible, independent of the operator, hence the use of indexes like the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The aim of this study was to assess both, the prevalence of malocclusions among patients received in the Dental Surgery Unitat Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital and their care needs according to IOTN index. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective, cross-cutting diagnostic study of malocclusions at Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital (CHUYO), conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2016. The examiner with an examination tray records on the 12- to 16-year-old patients’ medical recorded, the variables based on the polychromatic pictures series, the IOTN rule, and the dental health component table. Results: On the whole, 81 patients were included, with 60.5% of girls and 39.5% of boys. 16- and 12-year-old patients were dominant. The average age was 14.05 years old. Various types of malocclusions were encountered. The need for orthodontic care was 56.8%. For 14 patients, 17.28%, their aesthetic component score is higher than the assessment made by the orthodontist. Conclusion: Aesthetics was an important factor in the need for orthodontic care. The aesthetic deficit entails a psychological impact that should be taken into account in the assessment of care needs.展开更多
<strong>Background: </strong>The theory of Oral Health Related Quality Of Life (OHRQOL) has manifold qualities. It endeavors to address social and/or emotional concerns as well as any symptoms or functiona...<strong>Background: </strong>The theory of Oral Health Related Quality Of Life (OHRQOL) has manifold qualities. It endeavors to address social and/or emotional concerns as well as any symptoms or functional problems related to the teeth and jaws from the patients view point. The difficulty of utilizing any one standard evaluation tool to determine how the patient feels about problems with malocclusions or arising from them, led to the development of this construct/theory. <strong>Aim:</strong> To evaluate the impact of malocclusion on the socio-functional and psychological wellbeing of persons 7 - 25 years old. <strong>Method: </strong>100 patients within the ages of 7 - 25 years who visited the Orthodontics Unit of the Oral Health Directorate of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, were conveniently sampled and surveyed. Participants were given questionnaires to assess the effects of malocclusion on their Oral Health Related Quality of Life and also to determine if their educational status had any influence on the impact of malocclusion on their oral health related quality of life. <strong>Results:</strong> The modal age of the participants was 10 - 15 years with 40% as it frequency followed by 7 - 9 years while the age with least frequency was 16 - 25 years which stood at 22.0%. 28 respondents reported negative effects on their functional domain. 71 of the participants reported negative effects on psychological well-being and 49 of them reported negative effects on social well-being. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Malocclusion has an overall negative impact on Oral Health Related Quality of Life and its related purviews. It was observed to be highest for the psychological discomfort domain and the lowest in the functional well-being domain.展开更多
This clinical report describes the management of a patient who was diagnosed with amniotic band sequence (ABS) complicated with severe skeletal malocclusion, associated with severe muscle weakness. The patient was a 2...This clinical report describes the management of a patient who was diagnosed with amniotic band sequence (ABS) complicated with severe skeletal malocclusion, associated with severe muscle weakness. The patient was a 23-year-old male who underwent treatment in our hospital to improve chewing, phonation, and swallowing difficulties caused by severe abnormality of the maxillofacial skeleton. We evaluated chewing, swallowing and language functions preoperatively, and started muscle function and oral rehabilitation therapy. We performed 2-jaw osteotomy after preoperative orthodontic treatment. The patient continued with postoperative orthodontic treatment and oral rehabilitation. Postoperatively, the patient showed improved maxillofacial morphology, but was unable to attain sufficient improvement of masticatory and language functions due to atrophy and poor development of the masticatory muscles. These results suggest that obtaining sufficient therapeutic effect on oral functions is not possible if the masticatory muscles are not sufficiently strong due to atrophy or hypoplasia.展开更多
Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall wel...Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.展开更多
Background: The most prevalent non-communicable disease worldwide is oral health-related disease, with dental caries and periodontal conditions being common. Oral health status significantly impacts overall health and...Background: The most prevalent non-communicable disease worldwide is oral health-related disease, with dental caries and periodontal conditions being common. Oral health status significantly impacts overall health and quality of life. Barriers to dental care affect children with special needs. This study evaluates the oral health status and treatment requirements of people with special needs. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana examined oral health status among people, 121 children with special needs over two months, in June-July 2022. Dental caries, periodontal changes, malocclusion, and trauma were assessed. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The oral health status among people with special needs in this study was generally moderate, with a range from very good to very poor. The prevalence of dental caries was 37%, with a mean DMFT score of 2.82. Periodontal health showed unsatisfactory indicators such as mobile teeth, poor gingival health, high plaque scores, and the presence of halitosis. Conclusion: This descriptive study aimed to provide baseline data on the oral health status of special needs students in Kumasi, addressing the lack of knowledge in this area. It highlighted the importance of dental care in maintaining good oral health and overall well-being in individuals with special needs. Coordinated efforts by dental professionals are needed to provide dental health education and preventive interventions for these children.展开更多
BACKGROUND Correcting severe skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry in adults through orthodontic treatment alone is difficult.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we describe orthodontic treatment and lowe...BACKGROUND Correcting severe skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry in adults through orthodontic treatment alone is difficult.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we describe orthodontic treatment and lower incisor extraction without orthognathic surgery for a 27-year-old man with a transverse discrepancy.The extraction sites were closed using an elastic chain.The use of intermaxillary elastics,improved super-elastic Ti-Ni alloy wire,and unilateral multibend edgewise arch wire was crucial for correcting facial asymmetry and the midline deviation.CONCLUSION After treatment,the patient had a more symmetrical facial appearance,acceptable overjet and overbite,and midline coincidence.The treatment results remained stable 3 years after treatment.This case report demonstrates that a minimally invasive treatment can successfully correct severe skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry.展开更多
Main Objective: To determine the prevalence of thumb sucking habits amongst children at the KNUST Basic School. Methodology: This study was quantitative and descriptive with the design being a cross-sectional type. Th...Main Objective: To determine the prevalence of thumb sucking habits amongst children at the KNUST Basic School. Methodology: This study was quantitative and descriptive with the design being a cross-sectional type. The data was obtained from KNUST Basic School with a sample size of 200. Data was obtained through questionnaires and clinical examination. Results: Out of the 200 children studied, 19 (9.5%) were identified as thumb suckers, with a majority being females (13, 68.42%) and the rest being males (6, 31.58%). Most of the thumb suckers (47.37%) engaged in the habit due to hunger. The clinical manifestations observed among the thumb suckers included Class I malocclusion (94.7%), high arched palate (89.5%), anterior open bite (4), increased overjet (3, 15.8%), proclined maxillary incisors (4, 22.2%), linguoversion of mandibular incisors (1, 5.6%), unilateral posterior crossbite (2, 10.5%), speech changes (7, 41.2%), thinner thumb (7, 36.8%), elongated thumb (9, 47.4%), and callus formation on the thumb (2, 10.5%). Conclusion: Thumb sucking is a common oral habit which stimulates the growth of the orofacial complex from ages 0 to 3 years. The habit of thumb sucking is usually outgrown by age 3 but beyond this age, it turns out as a deleterious habit which has to be seen as such and measures put in place to stop thumb sucking.展开更多
Orthognathic surgery involves correction of functional and often esthetic disharmonies. The purpose of this case report is topresent the case of a 22 years-old female with class III dentofacial deformity that required...Orthognathic surgery involves correction of functional and often esthetic disharmonies. The purpose of this case report is topresent the case of a 22 years-old female with class III dentofacial deformity that required orthognathic surgery to treat hermalocclusion and buccal fat pad excision for optimizing soft-tissue facial contour. Treatment planning involved a counterclockwiserotation of the maxilomandibular complex with genioplasty based on digital 3D surgical planning using the Dolphin Imaging 11.7 3DPremium software. Prototyping splints allowed surgical procedures （bilateral sagital mandibular osteotomy associated to a Le fort Iosteotomy） that corrected position of the gnathic bones. In the same surgical procedure, the buccal fat pad was partially removed for asharp cheek contour giving a slimmer appearance to her face. After 5 months, the patient was reassessed and reported no complaintsregarding esthetics or function. This case illustrates that a combination oforthognathic surgery and an esthetic procedure can result in astable and harmonious facial as well as occlusal outcomes.展开更多
Klippel-Feil syndrome(KFS) is defined by congenital cervical vertebral spine fusion and is seen with a wide spectrum of dental manifestations and craniofacial profiles. Previous studies on lateral cephalograms have do...Klippel-Feil syndrome(KFS) is defined by congenital cervical vertebral spine fusion and is seen with a wide spectrum of dental manifestations and craniofacial profiles. Previous studies on lateral cephalograms have documented an association between fusion of the cervicalvertebrae and deviations in the craniofacial profile in non-syndromic patients with severe malocclusion. To our knowledge, no previous studies have described the craniofacial profile including the cranial base of KFS patients on lateral cephalograms. Therefore KFS and its craniofacial and dental manifestations were described according to existing literature and additionally the craniofacial profile and cranial base was analysed on lateral cephalograms of two patients with KFS. According to the literature the dental manifestations of KFS-patients included oligodontia, overjet, cross bite, open bite and deep bite. The craniofacial profile was clinically described as reduced lower facial height, midfacial hypoplasia, and mandibular prognathia. The analyses of the two lateral cephalograms showed increased mandibular inclination, increased vertical jaw-relationship, increased jaw angle and maxillary retrognathia. The cranial base was normal in both cases. The sagittal jaw relationship and mandibular prognathia varied between the two cases. The literature review and the analyses of the two lateral cephalograms have shown that deviations in the occipital and cervical spine field as KFS were associated with deviations in the teeth and craniofacial profile.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Patient satisfaction with facial appearance at the end of orthodontic camouflage treatment is very important, especially for skeletal malocclusion. This case report highlights the importance of the treatment plan for a patient initially treated with four-premolar-extraction camouflage, despite indications for orthognathic surgery.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old male sought treatment complaining about his unsatisfactory facial appearance. His maxillary first premolars and mandibular second premolars had been extracted, and a fixed appliance had been used to retract his anterior teeth for two years without improvement. He had a convex profile, a gummy smile, lip incompetence, inadequate maxillary incisor inclination, and almost a class I molar relationship. Cephalometric analysis showed severe skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion(A point-nasion-B point = 11.5°) with a retrognathic mandible(sella-nasion-B point = 75.9°), a protruded maxilla(sella-nasion-A point = 87.4°), and vertical maxillary excess(upper incisor to palatal plane = 33.2 mm). The excessive lingual inclination of the maxillary incisors(upper incisor to nasion-A point line =-5.5°)was due to previous treatment attempts to compensate for the skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion. The patient was successfully retreated with decompensating orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery. The maxillary incisors were repositioned and proclined in the alveolar bone, the overjet was increased, and a space was created for orthognathic surgery, including maxillary impaction, anterior maxillary back-setting, and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy to correct his skeletal anteroposterior discrepancy. Gingival display was reduced, and lip competence was restored. In addition, the results remained stable after 2 years. The patient was satisfied with his new profile as well as with the functional malocclusion at the end of treatment.CONCLUSION This case report provides orthodontists a good example of how to treat an adult with severe skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion with vertical maxillary excess after an unsatisfactory orthodontic camouflage treatment. Orthodontic and orthognathic treatment can significantly correct a patient’s facial appearance.
文摘Introduction: One of the most common risks of fixed orthodontic therapy is the evidence of root resorption post orthodontic treatment ranging from mild root blunting to severe root resorption of significant portions of the root structure. The etiology of apical root resorption is multifactorial but largely depends upon the type of orthodontic tooth movement and treatment duration. Study Objective: The primary aim of this study is to examine the association of external apical root resorption and vertical correction in anterior open bite malocclusions using panoramic radiographs for evaluation. Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of 16 patients with anterior open bite malocclusions were scored to assess root resorption of anterior teeth (U/L 3-3). Initial and final root length and total tooth length for U/L 3-3 were measured on panoramic radiographs in Dolphin imaging. Results: Of the 24 pairs of measurements, 7 had a significant p-value (p Conclusions: A statistically significant amount of root resorption was observed, from pre-treatment to post-treatment radiographs. All mandibular anterior teeth except the mandibular right lateral incisors showed evidence of root resorption.
基金funded in part by a research grant from the Public Health Bureau of Hainan Province(No QW 2007-48)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the personality and psychosocial status of adult malocclusion patients through the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) and the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). Methods:The EPQ and the SCL-90 were administered to 348 adult respondents with Angle’s ClassⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲmalocclusion and normal occlusion.Personality and psychosocial traits were analyzed and compared among the groups.Results:Patients in Angle’s ClassⅠ,D andⅢgroups scored lower on the EPQ-E and higher on the EPQ-N than those in the normal occlusion group, whereas patients in the Class II group scored higher on the EPQ-P.The mean scores of ClassⅠ,ⅡandⅢgroups were significantly higher than those of the normal group on somatization, obsessive-compulsiveness,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,and paranoid ideation. All SCL-90 scores were significantly positively correlated with EPQ-N.Psychoticiam and neuroticism scores of female respondents were higher than those of male respondents.The impact of education was greatest on the EPQ-P and the EPQ-E of adult personality,whereas the impact of deformity was greatest on the EPQ-N of adult personality.Conclusions:Personality and psychosocial status show differences in adult patients with ClassⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲmalocclusion and normal occlusion and can be influenced by gender,deformity,age and education.
文摘Objective: This study seeks to review current and relevant literature on global Angle class III malocclusion prevalence. Materials and Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review were searched using specific inclusion criteria to obtain applicable articles. All pertinent references were also examined for acceptability. Results: A total of 20 articles were identified using the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of Angle class III malocclusion ranged from 0 to 26.7% in different populations reported in the literature examined. Meta-regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between prevalence rates and the method of assessment, age group and year of the study. However, much of the study-to-study variation (approximately 40%) could be explained by population. Conclusion: These results suggest that the prevalence of Angle class III malocclusion varies greatly within different races and geographic regions. Chinese and Malaysian populations have a higher prevalence of Angle class III malocclusion compared to other racial groups, while Indian populations have a lower prevalence than all other racial groups examined.
文摘The purpose of this study was to evaluate skeletal and dental effects of bionator headgear combination appliances on patients in development period with Class Ⅱ, division 1 malocclusion. The comparison of computerized X-ray cephalometric measurements between the 26 treated children and 26 untreated children was made.The results showed that ANB angle was significantly reduced and horizontal mandibular growth development tended to be normal in the treated group.It was suggested that the bionator headgear combination appliance can restrain the maxillary growth early and promote the forward mandibular growth which contribute the functional jaws correction.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> The goal of this study was to utilize physical characteristics instead of placing subjects in arbitrary diagnostic categories to test for associations with genetic variants. <strong>Methods:</strong> Forty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms were tested for association with specific cephalometric measurements in thirty-nine University of Pittsburgh Dental Registry and DNA Repository orthodontic subjects. Cephalometric measurements included an evaluation of FMA, a Wits appraisal, and a Steiner’s ANB analysis. Genetic markers were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and Taqman chemistry. Chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests (α = 0.05) were used in investigation of overrepresentation of marker alleles. Samples were divided into groups based upon having an FMA, Wits, or ANB measurement above or below the mean of the cohort studied. Secondary analysis was done for sex and ethnicity to determine their effect on FMA, Wits, or ANB. <strong>Results: </strong>An association between FMA measurements was discovered in the following genes: ACTN3, CASP4, ESR1, FGF13, KRT7, and PITX2. An association between Wits measurements was discovered in the following genes: ACTN2, BTBD11, CASP4, FGF3, and FGF10. No associations were found with ANB.<strong> Conclusions: </strong>Genetic markers in several genes at different loci may contribute to craniofacial deformities in humans. This approach of using physical measurements may be an advantage to placing patients in arbitrary diagnostic categories.
文摘BACKGROUND Fibrous dysplasia(FD)is a developmental hamartomatous bone disease characterized by a blend of fibrous and osseous entities.Though rarely malignant,the tumor can vary from being small and asymptomatic,to a fairly large sized lesion,progressing gradually,compromising occlusion and facial esthetics.Treatment approach depends on the stage of skeletal maturity.It primarily involves surgical management for stabilizing the disease process.Post-surgical comprehensive dental treatment is necessary for restoring form and function of the jaws and teeth.This article describes comprehensive orthodontic management of severe malocclusion in a surgically operated case of FD maxilla.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year female presented with a chief complaint of excessive gingival display when smiling.Dental history included swelling of gums around the upper right front teeth,diagnosed at the age of 15 as FD of the right anterior maxillary segment and treated with surgical recontouring of the dysplastic bone.The clinical and radiological examinations showed adequate post-surgical healing.The surgically treated dysplastic area presented with right canting of the maxillary anterior occlusal plane.The maxillary teeth were torqued palatally,with the root of the right maxillary canine exposed clinically.We discuss sequential management of the associated malocclusion with comprehensive fixed orthodontics,along with special precautions taken to prevent reactivation of the quiescent and healed lesion.CONCLUSION The adequate healing of fibro-dysplastic bone post-surgery must be allowed before initiating orthodontic tooth movement in the dysplastic bone.Periodic follow-ups are needed to monitor stability of occlusion and any relapse of the lesion.
文摘Class III malocclusion associated with skeletal anterior open bite pattern in adults can be a challenging orthodontic problem, especially for the nonsurgical treatment. Conventionally, several treatment alternatives are available such as tooth extraction, molar intrusion, and absolute anchorage system or orthognathic surgical correction. Although correction with surgery may be the most effective and stable way, many patients refused surgical treatment plan because of the costs and traumas it may bring. We reported a nonsurgical orthopedic treatment of 22-year-old male with severe skeletal anterior open bite, dental Class III malocclusion, posterior crossbite and a high mandibular plane angle. The patient refused surgery and extraction. So we formulated a treatment plan consisting of using rapid palatal expansion appliance to expand the maxilla, standard edgewise brackets to align the teeth, Class III elastics to correct the canines, premolars, and molars relationship, reverse curve of the nickel-titanium wire combined with anterior vertical elastics to intrude molars and correct open bite. In this case, without suffering of surgery, the posterior crossbite was ideally corrected, and ideal overjet and overbite relationships and functional occlusion were all achieved. The patient obtained satisfactory occlusal as well as functional and stable results.
文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of face mask (FM) and Maxillary Bite Block (BB) in skeletal class III patients during mixed dentition with control group of the same class during their growth. Materials & Methods: Forty-two patients were selected based on clinical and cephalometric examination, with age ranged from 6 to 8 years according to definite criteria. Patients were classified into two groups: treated and control groups;all records were taken for every patient. Lateral cephalometric films were traced before and after treatment and analyzed. Results: Intermaxillary skeletal variables showed significant improvement in the treated group with an average increase of ANB angle (Maxilo mandibular difference angle) of 3.14°and an average increase in wits appraisal 2.15 mm. Conclusion: The study concluded that, treatment with face mask and maxillary bite block induced significant dentoskeletal changes.
文摘Introduction: The assessment of health care needs must be reproducible, independent of the operator, hence the use of indexes like the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The aim of this study was to assess both, the prevalence of malocclusions among patients received in the Dental Surgery Unitat Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital and their care needs according to IOTN index. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective, cross-cutting diagnostic study of malocclusions at Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital (CHUYO), conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2016. The examiner with an examination tray records on the 12- to 16-year-old patients’ medical recorded, the variables based on the polychromatic pictures series, the IOTN rule, and the dental health component table. Results: On the whole, 81 patients were included, with 60.5% of girls and 39.5% of boys. 16- and 12-year-old patients were dominant. The average age was 14.05 years old. Various types of malocclusions were encountered. The need for orthodontic care was 56.8%. For 14 patients, 17.28%, their aesthetic component score is higher than the assessment made by the orthodontist. Conclusion: Aesthetics was an important factor in the need for orthodontic care. The aesthetic deficit entails a psychological impact that should be taken into account in the assessment of care needs.
文摘<strong>Background: </strong>The theory of Oral Health Related Quality Of Life (OHRQOL) has manifold qualities. It endeavors to address social and/or emotional concerns as well as any symptoms or functional problems related to the teeth and jaws from the patients view point. The difficulty of utilizing any one standard evaluation tool to determine how the patient feels about problems with malocclusions or arising from them, led to the development of this construct/theory. <strong>Aim:</strong> To evaluate the impact of malocclusion on the socio-functional and psychological wellbeing of persons 7 - 25 years old. <strong>Method: </strong>100 patients within the ages of 7 - 25 years who visited the Orthodontics Unit of the Oral Health Directorate of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, were conveniently sampled and surveyed. Participants were given questionnaires to assess the effects of malocclusion on their Oral Health Related Quality of Life and also to determine if their educational status had any influence on the impact of malocclusion on their oral health related quality of life. <strong>Results:</strong> The modal age of the participants was 10 - 15 years with 40% as it frequency followed by 7 - 9 years while the age with least frequency was 16 - 25 years which stood at 22.0%. 28 respondents reported negative effects on their functional domain. 71 of the participants reported negative effects on psychological well-being and 49 of them reported negative effects on social well-being. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Malocclusion has an overall negative impact on Oral Health Related Quality of Life and its related purviews. It was observed to be highest for the psychological discomfort domain and the lowest in the functional well-being domain.
文摘This clinical report describes the management of a patient who was diagnosed with amniotic band sequence (ABS) complicated with severe skeletal malocclusion, associated with severe muscle weakness. The patient was a 23-year-old male who underwent treatment in our hospital to improve chewing, phonation, and swallowing difficulties caused by severe abnormality of the maxillofacial skeleton. We evaluated chewing, swallowing and language functions preoperatively, and started muscle function and oral rehabilitation therapy. We performed 2-jaw osteotomy after preoperative orthodontic treatment. The patient continued with postoperative orthodontic treatment and oral rehabilitation. Postoperatively, the patient showed improved maxillofacial morphology, but was unable to attain sufficient improvement of masticatory and language functions due to atrophy and poor development of the masticatory muscles. These results suggest that obtaining sufficient therapeutic effect on oral functions is not possible if the masticatory muscles are not sufficiently strong due to atrophy or hypoplasia.
文摘Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.
文摘Background: The most prevalent non-communicable disease worldwide is oral health-related disease, with dental caries and periodontal conditions being common. Oral health status significantly impacts overall health and quality of life. Barriers to dental care affect children with special needs. This study evaluates the oral health status and treatment requirements of people with special needs. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana examined oral health status among people, 121 children with special needs over two months, in June-July 2022. Dental caries, periodontal changes, malocclusion, and trauma were assessed. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The oral health status among people with special needs in this study was generally moderate, with a range from very good to very poor. The prevalence of dental caries was 37%, with a mean DMFT score of 2.82. Periodontal health showed unsatisfactory indicators such as mobile teeth, poor gingival health, high plaque scores, and the presence of halitosis. Conclusion: This descriptive study aimed to provide baseline data on the oral health status of special needs students in Kumasi, addressing the lack of knowledge in this area. It highlighted the importance of dental care in maintaining good oral health and overall well-being in individuals with special needs. Coordinated efforts by dental professionals are needed to provide dental health education and preventive interventions for these children.
基金China Medical University and Hospital,Taichung City,Taiwan,No.DMR-111-044.
文摘BACKGROUND Correcting severe skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry in adults through orthodontic treatment alone is difficult.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we describe orthodontic treatment and lower incisor extraction without orthognathic surgery for a 27-year-old man with a transverse discrepancy.The extraction sites were closed using an elastic chain.The use of intermaxillary elastics,improved super-elastic Ti-Ni alloy wire,and unilateral multibend edgewise arch wire was crucial for correcting facial asymmetry and the midline deviation.CONCLUSION After treatment,the patient had a more symmetrical facial appearance,acceptable overjet and overbite,and midline coincidence.The treatment results remained stable 3 years after treatment.This case report demonstrates that a minimally invasive treatment can successfully correct severe skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry.
文摘Main Objective: To determine the prevalence of thumb sucking habits amongst children at the KNUST Basic School. Methodology: This study was quantitative and descriptive with the design being a cross-sectional type. The data was obtained from KNUST Basic School with a sample size of 200. Data was obtained through questionnaires and clinical examination. Results: Out of the 200 children studied, 19 (9.5%) were identified as thumb suckers, with a majority being females (13, 68.42%) and the rest being males (6, 31.58%). Most of the thumb suckers (47.37%) engaged in the habit due to hunger. The clinical manifestations observed among the thumb suckers included Class I malocclusion (94.7%), high arched palate (89.5%), anterior open bite (4), increased overjet (3, 15.8%), proclined maxillary incisors (4, 22.2%), linguoversion of mandibular incisors (1, 5.6%), unilateral posterior crossbite (2, 10.5%), speech changes (7, 41.2%), thinner thumb (7, 36.8%), elongated thumb (9, 47.4%), and callus formation on the thumb (2, 10.5%). Conclusion: Thumb sucking is a common oral habit which stimulates the growth of the orofacial complex from ages 0 to 3 years. The habit of thumb sucking is usually outgrown by age 3 but beyond this age, it turns out as a deleterious habit which has to be seen as such and measures put in place to stop thumb sucking.
文摘Orthognathic surgery involves correction of functional and often esthetic disharmonies. The purpose of this case report is topresent the case of a 22 years-old female with class III dentofacial deformity that required orthognathic surgery to treat hermalocclusion and buccal fat pad excision for optimizing soft-tissue facial contour. Treatment planning involved a counterclockwiserotation of the maxilomandibular complex with genioplasty based on digital 3D surgical planning using the Dolphin Imaging 11.7 3DPremium software. Prototyping splints allowed surgical procedures （bilateral sagital mandibular osteotomy associated to a Le fort Iosteotomy） that corrected position of the gnathic bones. In the same surgical procedure, the buccal fat pad was partially removed for asharp cheek contour giving a slimmer appearance to her face. After 5 months, the patient was reassessed and reported no complaintsregarding esthetics or function. This case illustrates that a combination oforthognathic surgery and an esthetic procedure can result in astable and harmonious facial as well as occlusal outcomes.
文摘Klippel-Feil syndrome(KFS) is defined by congenital cervical vertebral spine fusion and is seen with a wide spectrum of dental manifestations and craniofacial profiles. Previous studies on lateral cephalograms have documented an association between fusion of the cervicalvertebrae and deviations in the craniofacial profile in non-syndromic patients with severe malocclusion. To our knowledge, no previous studies have described the craniofacial profile including the cranial base of KFS patients on lateral cephalograms. Therefore KFS and its craniofacial and dental manifestations were described according to existing literature and additionally the craniofacial profile and cranial base was analysed on lateral cephalograms of two patients with KFS. According to the literature the dental manifestations of KFS-patients included oligodontia, overjet, cross bite, open bite and deep bite. The craniofacial profile was clinically described as reduced lower facial height, midfacial hypoplasia, and mandibular prognathia. The analyses of the two lateral cephalograms showed increased mandibular inclination, increased vertical jaw-relationship, increased jaw angle and maxillary retrognathia. The cranial base was normal in both cases. The sagittal jaw relationship and mandibular prognathia varied between the two cases. The literature review and the analyses of the two lateral cephalograms have shown that deviations in the occipital and cervical spine field as KFS were associated with deviations in the teeth and craniofacial profile.
