赣东北地区光热充足,非常适宜发展再生稻。为明确合理的促芽肥施用时期和留茬高度,本研究于2011年在江西省余江县设置了不同的促芽肥用量(170 N kg/hm2和125 N kg/hm2以及不施肥)、收割方式和留茬高度(留茬高度为60 cm和30 cm),探讨了...赣东北地区光热充足,非常适宜发展再生稻。为明确合理的促芽肥施用时期和留茬高度,本研究于2011年在江西省余江县设置了不同的促芽肥用量(170 N kg/hm2和125 N kg/hm2以及不施肥)、收割方式和留茬高度(留茬高度为60 cm和30 cm),探讨了不同处理对再生稻籽粒产量和产量构成、再生芽萌发能力的影响。结果表明,与不施促芽肥相比,施促芽肥的再生稻产量显著提高,平均增幅为48.9%和36.9%;其再生稻的每丛穗数、每穗粒数也显著提高。与机械收割相比,人工收割处理的产量显著提高,其再生芽萌发率、每丛穗数和每穗粒数比机械收割分别增加7.7%、27.9%和11.6%。在人工收割方式下,留高茬处理的再生稻产量、再生芽萌发率、每丛穗数和每穗粒数均明显高于留低茬处理。这说明,在赣东北地区,要保障再生稻高产,施促芽肥170 N kg/hm2、人工收割、留高茬是较好的再生稻管理模式。展开更多
Soil degradation is a growing problem worldwide because it reduces the fertile top layer of the soil available for food production and one such degradative action is soil erosion due to the harvesting of crops.Soil lo...Soil degradation is a growing problem worldwide because it reduces the fertile top layer of the soil available for food production and one such degradative action is soil erosion due to the harvesting of crops.Soil loss due to crop harvesting with particular reference to yam tubers has not been quantified globally despite the fact that yam is a major staple food consumed worldwide and it is prevalent in many parts of Nigeria.Harvesting yams in our environment is usually done with the soil attached to the yams due to the fact that farmers do not want additional work of removing soil attached to the yams.This study investigates the soil physical properties that influence soil loss due to yam harvesting in Abeokuta,South-Western Nigeria and to assess the quantity of soil loss due to yam harvesting.Based on representative sampling area per location,yam tubers were harvested manually within the entire yam farmland from October to December 2012.Gross weight,net weight and the amount of soil adhering to the yams were measured.Effects of soil physical properties such as soil moisture content,heap bulk density,inter-heap bulk density and soil texture were investigated with respect to soil losses.The results showed that moisture content ranged from 4%to 15%,heap bulk density ranged from 0.93 to 1.29 g cm^(-3) and inter-heap bulk density ranged from 1.03 to 1.50 g cm^(-3).They all had a positive correlation with soil loss.Soil particle size analysis for Federal University of Agricultural,Abeokuta(FUNAAB)and Alabata revealed that sand content was(86.78%and 88.32%),clay content(10.69%and 7.6%)and silt content,(2.53%and 4.08%)respectively.Study also revealed that clay content of the soil positively influenced the total soil loss during the yam harvesting.The mean soil losses in Federal University of Agriculture,Abeokuta(FUNAAB)and Alabata village yam farms were 4303 and 2125 kg/ha/harvest respectively.The study also revealed that soil moisture content at harvesting time and clay content are the key factors affecting soil loss due to yam harvesting.Consequently,soil loss due to crop harvesting should be considered in soil erosion control strategies,sediment budget and for better post harvest procedures.展开更多
文摘赣东北地区光热充足,非常适宜发展再生稻。为明确合理的促芽肥施用时期和留茬高度,本研究于2011年在江西省余江县设置了不同的促芽肥用量(170 N kg/hm2和125 N kg/hm2以及不施肥)、收割方式和留茬高度(留茬高度为60 cm和30 cm),探讨了不同处理对再生稻籽粒产量和产量构成、再生芽萌发能力的影响。结果表明,与不施促芽肥相比,施促芽肥的再生稻产量显著提高,平均增幅为48.9%和36.9%;其再生稻的每丛穗数、每穗粒数也显著提高。与机械收割相比,人工收割处理的产量显著提高,其再生芽萌发率、每丛穗数和每穗粒数比机械收割分别增加7.7%、27.9%和11.6%。在人工收割方式下,留高茬处理的再生稻产量、再生芽萌发率、每丛穗数和每穗粒数均明显高于留低茬处理。这说明,在赣东北地区,要保障再生稻高产,施促芽肥170 N kg/hm2、人工收割、留高茬是较好的再生稻管理模式。
基金The authors express acknowledgement to the Department of Soil Science and Land Management of the Federal University of Agriculture,Abeokuta for giving access to their Soil laboratory to carry out some soil related experiments.Yam farmers in the various locations are also highly appreciated for giving us access to their yam fields during the harvesting period.They displayed a high level of patience and understanding.
文摘Soil degradation is a growing problem worldwide because it reduces the fertile top layer of the soil available for food production and one such degradative action is soil erosion due to the harvesting of crops.Soil loss due to crop harvesting with particular reference to yam tubers has not been quantified globally despite the fact that yam is a major staple food consumed worldwide and it is prevalent in many parts of Nigeria.Harvesting yams in our environment is usually done with the soil attached to the yams due to the fact that farmers do not want additional work of removing soil attached to the yams.This study investigates the soil physical properties that influence soil loss due to yam harvesting in Abeokuta,South-Western Nigeria and to assess the quantity of soil loss due to yam harvesting.Based on representative sampling area per location,yam tubers were harvested manually within the entire yam farmland from October to December 2012.Gross weight,net weight and the amount of soil adhering to the yams were measured.Effects of soil physical properties such as soil moisture content,heap bulk density,inter-heap bulk density and soil texture were investigated with respect to soil losses.The results showed that moisture content ranged from 4%to 15%,heap bulk density ranged from 0.93 to 1.29 g cm^(-3) and inter-heap bulk density ranged from 1.03 to 1.50 g cm^(-3).They all had a positive correlation with soil loss.Soil particle size analysis for Federal University of Agricultural,Abeokuta(FUNAAB)and Alabata revealed that sand content was(86.78%and 88.32%),clay content(10.69%and 7.6%)and silt content,(2.53%and 4.08%)respectively.Study also revealed that clay content of the soil positively influenced the total soil loss during the yam harvesting.The mean soil losses in Federal University of Agriculture,Abeokuta(FUNAAB)and Alabata village yam farms were 4303 and 2125 kg/ha/harvest respectively.The study also revealed that soil moisture content at harvesting time and clay content are the key factors affecting soil loss due to yam harvesting.Consequently,soil loss due to crop harvesting should be considered in soil erosion control strategies,sediment budget and for better post harvest procedures.
