Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used ...Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.展开更多
What exactly are photons and dark matter? Modern physical theories do not explain them very well. In this paper, by extending the law of electromagnetic oscillation, the space particles and their operation law can als...What exactly are photons and dark matter? Modern physical theories do not explain them very well. In this paper, by extending the law of electromagnetic oscillation, the space particles and their operation law can also be obtained. The system of space particle theory is formed under the law of physics. The conclusion of the theory of space particles is quite consistent with many physical phenomena. There are no contradictions that can be found. According to the theory of space particles, there is an uneven space at the edge of an object, which has been proved by a series of experimental phenomena. The theory of space particles has revealed the essence of photons and dark matter. It has also revealed the relationship between space, mass, and energy. Space is a physical phenomenon.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a very important role in Chinese people ’ s health-keeping, enjoying an position of the same significance with Western medicine and drugs. Entering into the 21 century, and du...Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a very important role in Chinese people ’ s health-keeping, enjoying an position of the same significance with Western medicine and drugs. Entering into the 21 century, and due to the swift and drastic development in economy and elevation in living quality, the public have come to pay much more展开更多
Effects of natural organic matters(NOM) and hydrated metal oxides(HMO) in sediments on the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB were investigated by means of removing NOM and HMO in Liaohe R...Effects of natural organic matters(NOM) and hydrated metal oxides(HMO) in sediments on the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB were investigated by means of removing NOM and HMO in Liaohe River sediments sequentially. The results showed that the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB followed pseudo first order kinetics in different sediments. But, the extents and rates of degradation were different, even the other conditions remained the same. Anaerobic degradation rates of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB were 0 020 d -1 , 0 009 d -1 and 0 035 month -1 respectively for the sediments without additional carbon resources. However, with addition of carbon resources, the anaerobic degradation rates of γ 666, p, p ' DDT and HCB were 0 071 d -1 , 0 054 d -1 and 0 088 month -1 in the original sediments respectively. After removing NOM, the rates were decreased to 0 047 d -1 , 0 037 d -1 and 0 066 month -1 ; in the sediments removed NOM and HMO, the rates were increased to 0 067 d -1 , 0 059 d -1 and 0 086 month -1 . These results indicated that NOM in the sediments accelerated the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB; the HMO inhibited the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB.展开更多
In order to discuss the content distributions and fluxes of heavy metals in suspended matters during a tidal cycle in the turbidity maximum around the Changjiang （Yangtze） Estuary, the contents of heavy metals （Zn,...In order to discuss the content distributions and fluxes of heavy metals in suspended matters during a tidal cycle in the turbidity maximum around the Changjiang （Yangtze） Estuary, the contents of heavy metals （Zn, Pb, Cd, Co and Ni） have been analyzed. During a tidal cycle, the average contents of heavy metals are in the order of Zn〉Ni〉Pb〉Co〉〉Cd. The average contents in ebb tide are generally higher than that in flood tide. However, at the inshore Sta. 11, influenced by the contamination from the nearby waste treatment plant, the average contents of Zn and Ni in flood tide are higher than those in ebb fide and at the offshore Sta. 10, the content of Cd in flood tide higher than that in ebb tide due to marine-derived materials. The five heavy metals, mainly terrigenous, are transported towards east-northeast, and settle down with suspended matters in the area between Sta. 11 and Sta. 10. Influenced by marine-derived materials, the flux value of Cd does not alter significantly with obviously changing in flux direction towards northwest. The source of heavy metals, the salinity of water and the concentration of suspended matters are the main factors controlling the content distributions of heavy metals during a tidal cycle. There is a positive correlation between the contents of heavy metals （Zn, Pb, Co and Ni） and the salinity of water, while the opposite correlation between the contents and the concentrations of suspended matters. Because of marine-derived materials, the content of Cd is not correlated with the concentration of suspended matters and the salinity of water.展开更多
Soil samples collected from a 25-year long-term fertilizer experiment carried out on the Earth-cumulic-Orthic Anthrosols in semi-humid farmland ecological system, were used to study the distribution of soil organic ma...Soil samples collected from a 25-year long-term fertilizer experiment carried out on the Earth-cumulic-Orthic Anthrosols in semi-humid farmland ecological system, were used to study the distribution of soil organic matters, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammoniate nitrogen in different grades of soil macro-aggregates in order to study the effects of long-term application of organic manures in combination with chemical fertilizers. It is showed that the percentage of mass of the soil macro-aggregates with long-term application of fertilizers with sizes of 5-2 mm is increased compared with that of the samples with no fertilizer. It is easier to form lager size soil macro-aggregates by the long-term application of organic manures in combination with chemical fertilizers. The contents of organic matters, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are all higher after treatments with different combinations of fertilizers, while there is a little effect on the contents of ammoniate nitrogen. The contents of organic matters, total nitrogen in the grades of soil macro-aggregates from the plough layers of the treated farmland exhibited significant difference. Moreover, the contents of organic matters and total nitrogen in the soil macro-aggregates with the size of 1-0.25 mm is the highest in all treated soil samples. The contents of nitrate nitrogen in soil macro-aggregates increased with the increasing of soil macro-aggregate size except those applied with chemical fertilizer and lower amount of corn stover. The results of correlation analysis revealed that there exists a significantly positive correlation between the percentage of mass of soil macro-aggregates with the size of 5-2 mm and the contents of organic matters, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the soil samples. However, the correlation between the percentage of mass of soil macro-aggregates with the size of 1-0.25 rnm and the contents of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen is significantly negative.The study showed that the highest contributing rates of macro-aggregates fractions to soil fertility is from the soil macro-aggregates fraction with the size of 1-0.25 mm in most of the cases.展开更多
The particle matter,particularly the suspended particle matter(PM≤2.5)in the air is not only a risk factor for human health,but also affects the survival and physiological features of plants.Plants show advantages in...The particle matter,particularly the suspended particle matter(PM≤2.5)in the air is not only a risk factor for human health,but also affects the survival and physiological features of plants.Plants show advantages in the adsorption of particle matter,while the factors,such as the leaf shape,leaf distribution density and leaf surface microstructure,such as grooves,folds,stomata,flocculent projections,micro-roughness,long fuzz,short pubescence,wax and secretory products,appeared to play an important role determing their absorption capacity.In this paper,the research progress on the capture or adsorption of atmospheric particles was summarized,and the forest vegetation and woody plants were discuessed.In addition,special attentions were paid to the effect of haze-fog weather on greenhouse plant,the different responses of plant leaves to dust particles and suspended particles,as well as the effect of suspended particles on morphological change of plants.In the future,research should focus on the mechanism of the influence of particulate matter on plants.More advanced effective and convenient research methods like spectral detection method also need to be developed.This paper may provide reference for future studies on plants’response to haze and particle matter.展开更多
Objective To investigate phosphorus limitation and its effect on the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment. Methods Bacterial growth potential (BGP) method and a pair of parallel...Objective To investigate phosphorus limitation and its effect on the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment. Methods Bacterial growth potential (BGP) method and a pair of parallel pilot-scale biofilters were used for the two objectives, respectively. Results The addition of phosphorus could substantially increase the BGPs of the water samples and the effect was stronger than that of the addition of carbon. When nothing was added into the influents, both CODMn removals of the parallel biofilters (BF1 and BF2) were about 15%. When phosphate was added into its influent, BF1 performed a CODMn removal, 6.02 percentage points higher than the control filter (BF2) and its effluent had a higher biological stability. When the addition dose was <20μg. L-1, no phosphorus pollution would occur and there was a good linear relationship between the microbial utilization of phosphorus and the removal efficiency of organic matters. Conclusions Phosphorus was a limiting nutrient and its limitation was stronger than that of carbon. The addition of phosphate was a practical way to improve the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment.展开更多
Influences of organic matters of soil and water on speciation and biological utilization of selenium are discussed. Humic acid is found to be the main pool of selenium in soil and affects the bio-availability of the e...Influences of organic matters of soil and water on speciation and biological utilization of selenium are discussed. Humic acid is found to be the main pool of selenium in soil and affects the bio-availability of the element in soil-plant system. Fulvic acid from drinking water inhibits the absorption of selenium taken from diet. The relationship between high content of organic matters of water and selenium deficiency on the causes of KBD could be reflected in the limited synthesis of glutathione peroxidase, which is generally stimulated by fulvic acid from drinking water.展开更多
This experiment used pumpkin Longyuanlixiang as material to research the effect of different pruning ways with one branch, two branches, and three branches on the sugar-decreasing matters during the ripeness of pumpk...This experiment used pumpkin Longyuanlixiang as material to research the effect of different pruning ways with one branch, two branches, and three branches on the sugar-decreasing matters during the ripeness of pumpkin （Cucurbita moschata） fruits. The results showed that pectin contents of pumpkin fruits during the ripeness all increased at first and then dropped in every treatment. The pectin contents under the treatments of one branch and two branches reached the high apex after pollinated for 30 d as well as for 35 d under the treatment of three branches. Pentose and chromium contents of fruits had the same trend under different pruning ways and increased during the ripenes. Three kinds of sugar-decreasing matters contents under treatment of two branches were bigger than treatment of one branch, while treatment of three branches was the lowest.展开更多
Imagine how many times your attention is distracted by the surrounding sounds or sights irrelevant to your work or study.To maintain concentrated,you have to control yourself intentionally,which is called"attenti...Imagine how many times your attention is distracted by the surrounding sounds or sights irrelevant to your work or study.To maintain concentrated,you have to control yourself intentionally,which is called"attentional control"or"cognitive control"in psychology.An interesting question arises:when we successfully direct our attention away from one visual distractor,can we be immune to another展开更多
" Four matters of confidence" are the core and ideal foundation of socialist construction. Taking Northwest A&F University as an example,this paper analyzes and explores the cultivation path of " fo..." Four matters of confidence" are the core and ideal foundation of socialist construction. Taking Northwest A&F University as an example,this paper analyzes and explores the cultivation path of " four matters of confidence" around the education problem of " four matters of confidence" of agricultural and forestry college students,in order to improve the value identity and belief of " four matters of confidence" among college students of agriculture and forestry.展开更多
InIn accordance with the regulations as stipulated in Circularon Some Relevant Issues in Levying Tariff and ImportTaxes on Printed Matters Conducted in HongKong andMacao(Promulgated by Decree No.9 of Tariff Regulation...InIn accordance with the regulations as stipulated in Circularon Some Relevant Issues in Levying Tariff and ImportTaxes on Printed Matters Conducted in HongKong andMacao(Promulgated by Decree No.9 of Tariff Regulation Com-mission in 1997), the regulations regarding import duties as stipu-lated in Circular on Measures for Strict Control over Printing inHongKong and Macao, submitted by State Economic Commis-sion, State Planning Commission and Ministry of Finance andapproved by the State Council in its Decree No. 141 in 1985, shallcease to be effective as of July 1, 1997.The Customs, as of July 1, shall levy tariff and import taxesin line with the legal tax rate on inland printed matters conductedin HongKong and Macao. All former pertinent provisions shallbe null and void at the same time.展开更多
Atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5) were collected with an Envirotech Instrument (Model APM 550) at the roof of Khundkur Mukarram Hussain Science Building, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh between January and ...Atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5) were collected with an Envirotech Instrument (Model APM 550) at the roof of Khundkur Mukarram Hussain Science Building, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh between January and February, 2013. PM2.5 samples were collected on Quartz fiber filters during day and night time. Water soluble ions (sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, bromide, sodium, potassium and calcium) were analyzed with Ion Chromatography (Model 881, Metrohm Ltd., Switzerland) and Flame photometer (Model PFP7, Jenway, UK). Average PM2.5 mass was 136.1 μg·mDž during day time and 246.8 μg·mDž during night time with a total average of 191.4 μg·mDž. Nighttime PM2.5 concentration was about double compared than that of daytime presumable due to the low ambient temperatures with high emissions from heavy duty vehicles. The 24-hour average PM2.5 mass (average of day and night) was about eight times higher than WHO (25.0 μg·mDž) and about three times higher than DoE, Bangladesh (65.0 μg·mDž) limit values. The total average concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, bromide, chloride, sodium, potassium and calcium were 5.30, 7.75, 0.62, 0.16, 1.19, 1.30, 8.11, and 3.09 μg·mDž, respectively. The concentrations of the water soluble ions were much higher during nighttime than daytime except nitrate, bromide and potassium. Excellent correlations were observed between sulfate and nitrate, sodium and chloride, bromide and phosphate indicating joint sources of origin. Potassium, sulfate, nitrate and calcium are the most dominant species in PM2.5. Water soluble ionic components in Dhaka contributed about 15% mass of the PM2.5. Ratio analysis showed that sodium and chloride were from mainly sea salt. Potassium has varieties of sources other than biomass burning. Sulfate and nitrate are mainly from fossil fuel origin. This is the first study of the day and night variation of the water soluble ionic species at the fine particulate matters (PM2.5) in Bangladesh.展开更多
A joint investigation of marine geoloy in the South Huanshai Sea was carried out by the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA during 1983～1984. This paper reports...A joint investigation of marine geoloy in the South Huanshai Sea was carried out by the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA during 1983～1984. This paper reports the investigation results of the suspended matters in the water column at 55 stations in July, 1984 (summer time). The highest concentration region where the value is less than 0.5 mg/L, is found in the central part of the study area and the southern part of Shandong Peninsula. The Taiwan Warm Current which might obstruct the discharge of the Changjiang River to the east of the sea, appears in the distribution of the suspended matters outside the Changjiang River Estuary. Although lots of materials are brought into the sea during the high flow period of the Huanghe and the Chansjiang Rivers in July, this does not form the main scarce of the suspended matters. The main source is the resuspension of depesits. The materials brought by rivers come the second, and biogeneons components in the sea co展开更多
The argument that IT no longer matters has resurfaced.In this ageofconsum erization,BYOD and the cloud,IT departments are,in fact,vital to any business,
AQSIQ adopts a fast response mechanism, exploring the origins, analyzing theimpact and grasping the development trend timely and effectively. With trade barriers, pandemicthreats and other newly emerging factors, Chin...AQSIQ adopts a fast response mechanism, exploring the origins, analyzing theimpact and grasping the development trend timely and effectively. With trade barriers, pandemicthreats and other newly emerging factors, China strengthened every aspect of quality supervision,quarantine and inspection of export and import goods in 2005.展开更多
文摘Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.
文摘What exactly are photons and dark matter? Modern physical theories do not explain them very well. In this paper, by extending the law of electromagnetic oscillation, the space particles and their operation law can also be obtained. The system of space particle theory is formed under the law of physics. The conclusion of the theory of space particles is quite consistent with many physical phenomena. There are no contradictions that can be found. According to the theory of space particles, there is an uneven space at the edge of an object, which has been proved by a series of experimental phenomena. The theory of space particles has revealed the essence of photons and dark matter. It has also revealed the relationship between space, mass, and energy. Space is a physical phenomenon.
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a very important role in Chinese people ’ s health-keeping, enjoying an position of the same significance with Western medicine and drugs. Entering into the 21 century, and due to the swift and drastic development in economy and elevation in living quality, the public have come to pay much more
文摘Effects of natural organic matters(NOM) and hydrated metal oxides(HMO) in sediments on the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB were investigated by means of removing NOM and HMO in Liaohe River sediments sequentially. The results showed that the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB followed pseudo first order kinetics in different sediments. But, the extents and rates of degradation were different, even the other conditions remained the same. Anaerobic degradation rates of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB were 0 020 d -1 , 0 009 d -1 and 0 035 month -1 respectively for the sediments without additional carbon resources. However, with addition of carbon resources, the anaerobic degradation rates of γ 666, p, p ' DDT and HCB were 0 071 d -1 , 0 054 d -1 and 0 088 month -1 in the original sediments respectively. After removing NOM, the rates were decreased to 0 047 d -1 , 0 037 d -1 and 0 066 month -1 ; in the sediments removed NOM and HMO, the rates were increased to 0 067 d -1 , 0 059 d -1 and 0 086 month -1 . These results indicated that NOM in the sediments accelerated the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB; the HMO inhibited the anaerobic degradation of γ 666, p,p' DDT and HCB.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41076022the National Basic Research Program(973Program)of China under contract No.2002CB412400
文摘In order to discuss the content distributions and fluxes of heavy metals in suspended matters during a tidal cycle in the turbidity maximum around the Changjiang （Yangtze） Estuary, the contents of heavy metals （Zn, Pb, Cd, Co and Ni） have been analyzed. During a tidal cycle, the average contents of heavy metals are in the order of Zn〉Ni〉Pb〉Co〉〉Cd. The average contents in ebb tide are generally higher than that in flood tide. However, at the inshore Sta. 11, influenced by the contamination from the nearby waste treatment plant, the average contents of Zn and Ni in flood tide are higher than those in ebb fide and at the offshore Sta. 10, the content of Cd in flood tide higher than that in ebb tide due to marine-derived materials. The five heavy metals, mainly terrigenous, are transported towards east-northeast, and settle down with suspended matters in the area between Sta. 11 and Sta. 10. Influenced by marine-derived materials, the flux value of Cd does not alter significantly with obviously changing in flux direction towards northwest. The source of heavy metals, the salinity of water and the concentration of suspended matters are the main factors controlling the content distributions of heavy metals during a tidal cycle. There is a positive correlation between the contents of heavy metals （Zn, Pb, Co and Ni） and the salinity of water, while the opposite correlation between the contents and the concentrations of suspended matters. Because of marine-derived materials, the content of Cd is not correlated with the concentration of suspended matters and the salinity of water.
基金The study was supported by the National Natural Sci—ence Foundation of China(30571116)．
文摘Soil samples collected from a 25-year long-term fertilizer experiment carried out on the Earth-cumulic-Orthic Anthrosols in semi-humid farmland ecological system, were used to study the distribution of soil organic matters, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammoniate nitrogen in different grades of soil macro-aggregates in order to study the effects of long-term application of organic manures in combination with chemical fertilizers. It is showed that the percentage of mass of the soil macro-aggregates with long-term application of fertilizers with sizes of 5-2 mm is increased compared with that of the samples with no fertilizer. It is easier to form lager size soil macro-aggregates by the long-term application of organic manures in combination with chemical fertilizers. The contents of organic matters, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are all higher after treatments with different combinations of fertilizers, while there is a little effect on the contents of ammoniate nitrogen. The contents of organic matters, total nitrogen in the grades of soil macro-aggregates from the plough layers of the treated farmland exhibited significant difference. Moreover, the contents of organic matters and total nitrogen in the soil macro-aggregates with the size of 1-0.25 mm is the highest in all treated soil samples. The contents of nitrate nitrogen in soil macro-aggregates increased with the increasing of soil macro-aggregate size except those applied with chemical fertilizer and lower amount of corn stover. The results of correlation analysis revealed that there exists a significantly positive correlation between the percentage of mass of soil macro-aggregates with the size of 5-2 mm and the contents of organic matters, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the soil samples. However, the correlation between the percentage of mass of soil macro-aggregates with the size of 1-0.25 rnm and the contents of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen is significantly negative.The study showed that the highest contributing rates of macro-aggregates fractions to soil fertility is from the soil macro-aggregates fraction with the size of 1-0.25 mm in most of the cases.
基金This work was funded under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(31801259)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province(20170204020NY).
文摘The particle matter,particularly the suspended particle matter(PM≤2.5)in the air is not only a risk factor for human health,but also affects the survival and physiological features of plants.Plants show advantages in the adsorption of particle matter,while the factors,such as the leaf shape,leaf distribution density and leaf surface microstructure,such as grooves,folds,stomata,flocculent projections,micro-roughness,long fuzz,short pubescence,wax and secretory products,appeared to play an important role determing their absorption capacity.In this paper,the research progress on the capture or adsorption of atmospheric particles was summarized,and the forest vegetation and woody plants were discuessed.In addition,special attentions were paid to the effect of haze-fog weather on greenhouse plant,the different responses of plant leaves to dust particles and suspended particles,as well as the effect of suspended particles on morphological change of plants.In the future,research should focus on the mechanism of the influence of particulate matter on plants.More advanced effective and convenient research methods like spectral detection method also need to be developed.This paper may provide reference for future studies on plants’response to haze and particle matter.
文摘Objective To investigate phosphorus limitation and its effect on the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment. Methods Bacterial growth potential (BGP) method and a pair of parallel pilot-scale biofilters were used for the two objectives, respectively. Results The addition of phosphorus could substantially increase the BGPs of the water samples and the effect was stronger than that of the addition of carbon. When nothing was added into the influents, both CODMn removals of the parallel biofilters (BF1 and BF2) were about 15%. When phosphate was added into its influent, BF1 performed a CODMn removal, 6.02 percentage points higher than the control filter (BF2) and its effluent had a higher biological stability. When the addition dose was <20μg. L-1, no phosphorus pollution would occur and there was a good linear relationship between the microbial utilization of phosphorus and the removal efficiency of organic matters. Conclusions Phosphorus was a limiting nutrient and its limitation was stronger than that of carbon. The addition of phosphate was a practical way to improve the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment.
文摘Influences of organic matters of soil and water on speciation and biological utilization of selenium are discussed. Humic acid is found to be the main pool of selenium in soil and affects the bio-availability of the element in soil-plant system. Fulvic acid from drinking water inhibits the absorption of selenium taken from diet. The relationship between high content of organic matters of water and selenium deficiency on the causes of KBD could be reflected in the limited synthesis of glutathione peroxidase, which is generally stimulated by fulvic acid from drinking water.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Province Natural Science Foundation (C2004-24)
文摘This experiment used pumpkin Longyuanlixiang as material to research the effect of different pruning ways with one branch, two branches, and three branches on the sugar-decreasing matters during the ripeness of pumpkin （Cucurbita moschata） fruits. The results showed that pectin contents of pumpkin fruits during the ripeness all increased at first and then dropped in every treatment. The pectin contents under the treatments of one branch and two branches reached the high apex after pollinated for 30 d as well as for 35 d under the treatment of three branches. Pentose and chromium contents of fruits had the same trend under different pruning ways and increased during the ripenes. Three kinds of sugar-decreasing matters contents under treatment of two branches were bigger than treatment of one branch, while treatment of three branches was the lowest.
文摘Imagine how many times your attention is distracted by the surrounding sounds or sights irrelevant to your work or study.To maintain concentrated,you have to control yourself intentionally,which is called"attentional control"or"cognitive control"in psychology.An interesting question arises:when we successfully direct our attention away from one visual distractor,can we be immune to another
基金Supported by Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Northwest A&F University in 2016(2016RWYB09)Higher Education Scientific Research Project of the Shaanxi Higher Education Society in 2017(XGH17038)
文摘" Four matters of confidence" are the core and ideal foundation of socialist construction. Taking Northwest A&F University as an example,this paper analyzes and explores the cultivation path of " four matters of confidence" around the education problem of " four matters of confidence" of agricultural and forestry college students,in order to improve the value identity and belief of " four matters of confidence" among college students of agriculture and forestry.
文摘InIn accordance with the regulations as stipulated in Circularon Some Relevant Issues in Levying Tariff and ImportTaxes on Printed Matters Conducted in HongKong andMacao(Promulgated by Decree No.9 of Tariff Regulation Com-mission in 1997), the regulations regarding import duties as stipu-lated in Circular on Measures for Strict Control over Printing inHongKong and Macao, submitted by State Economic Commis-sion, State Planning Commission and Ministry of Finance andapproved by the State Council in its Decree No. 141 in 1985, shallcease to be effective as of July 1, 1997.The Customs, as of July 1, shall levy tariff and import taxesin line with the legal tax rate on inland printed matters conductedin HongKong and Macao. All former pertinent provisions shallbe null and void at the same time.
文摘Atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5) were collected with an Envirotech Instrument (Model APM 550) at the roof of Khundkur Mukarram Hussain Science Building, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh between January and February, 2013. PM2.5 samples were collected on Quartz fiber filters during day and night time. Water soluble ions (sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, bromide, sodium, potassium and calcium) were analyzed with Ion Chromatography (Model 881, Metrohm Ltd., Switzerland) and Flame photometer (Model PFP7, Jenway, UK). Average PM2.5 mass was 136.1 μg·mDž during day time and 246.8 μg·mDž during night time with a total average of 191.4 μg·mDž. Nighttime PM2.5 concentration was about double compared than that of daytime presumable due to the low ambient temperatures with high emissions from heavy duty vehicles. The 24-hour average PM2.5 mass (average of day and night) was about eight times higher than WHO (25.0 μg·mDž) and about three times higher than DoE, Bangladesh (65.0 μg·mDž) limit values. The total average concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, bromide, chloride, sodium, potassium and calcium were 5.30, 7.75, 0.62, 0.16, 1.19, 1.30, 8.11, and 3.09 μg·mDž, respectively. The concentrations of the water soluble ions were much higher during nighttime than daytime except nitrate, bromide and potassium. Excellent correlations were observed between sulfate and nitrate, sodium and chloride, bromide and phosphate indicating joint sources of origin. Potassium, sulfate, nitrate and calcium are the most dominant species in PM2.5. Water soluble ionic components in Dhaka contributed about 15% mass of the PM2.5. Ratio analysis showed that sodium and chloride were from mainly sea salt. Potassium has varieties of sources other than biomass burning. Sulfate and nitrate are mainly from fossil fuel origin. This is the first study of the day and night variation of the water soluble ionic species at the fine particulate matters (PM2.5) in Bangladesh.
文摘A joint investigation of marine geoloy in the South Huanshai Sea was carried out by the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA during 1983～1984. This paper reports the investigation results of the suspended matters in the water column at 55 stations in July, 1984 (summer time). The highest concentration region where the value is less than 0.5 mg/L, is found in the central part of the study area and the southern part of Shandong Peninsula. The Taiwan Warm Current which might obstruct the discharge of the Changjiang River to the east of the sea, appears in the distribution of the suspended matters outside the Changjiang River Estuary. Although lots of materials are brought into the sea during the high flow period of the Huanghe and the Chansjiang Rivers in July, this does not form the main scarce of the suspended matters. The main source is the resuspension of depesits. The materials brought by rivers come the second, and biogeneons components in the sea co
文摘The argument that IT no longer matters has resurfaced.In this ageofconsum erization,BYOD and the cloud,IT departments are,in fact,vital to any business,
文摘AQSIQ adopts a fast response mechanism, exploring the origins, analyzing theimpact and grasping the development trend timely and effectively. With trade barriers, pandemicthreats and other newly emerging factors, China strengthened every aspect of quality supervision,quarantine and inspection of export and import goods in 2005.
