Various orders of condensed sections are recognized in the Cambrian of North China Carbonate Platform. Study of comparative sedimentology proves that CS4-CS5 in the Changshanian age is the maximum sea flooding sedimen...Various orders of condensed sections are recognized in the Cambrian of North China Carbonate Platform. Study of comparative sedimentology proves that CS4-CS5 in the Changshanian age is the maximum sea flooding sediments in the Cambrian, regardless of the distribution, thickness, internal structure of the condensed section series and K2O abundance. It is a two-layered composite condensed section series, characterized by the enrichment of such elements as K, P, Mn, Ti, Co, V, Cr, Cu, Zr, Ni, Li, Th, La, Ce, Nd, Dy, Y, Sc and Be. The Changshanian maximum flooding event can be correlated on a global scale, and the corresponding sedimentary records are discovered in 26 intercontinental sections in N. Europe, N. America, and Tarim and the Yangtze Platform of China. Through detailed sedimentological research, meter-scale cycle analysis and Fischer plots, it is concluded that the Changshanian maximum flooding was a composite effect of the second-order eustacy superimposed by the third-and fourth-order eustacy,展开更多
The maximum flooding event and condensed section are one hot subject in modern se-quence stratigraphy and cyclic stratigraphy. Condensed section (CS)is defined as very thinabyssal or bathyal facies stratigraphic unit,...The maximum flooding event and condensed section are one hot subject in modern se-quence stratigraphy and cyclic stratigraphy. Condensed section (CS)is defined as very thinabyssal or bathyal facies stratigraphic unit, with extremely low rate of sedimentation andbroad extension at the maximum flooding age. It is an important indicator fordetermination of the maximum flooding event. In recent years, the coneeption ofcondensed section has been opened up in not only its formation depth but also thedistributive scope after the discovery of glauconitic CS in North China Platform inCambrian by the aothors, and the condensed section is defined as the low-rate marinestratigraphic unit formed at the maximum flooding stage. It is the key to age determinationand correlation of craton basinal sequence.展开更多
The analysis of the risk of flooding upstream from the Imboulou hydroelectric dam on the Léfini River in the Republic of Congo-Brazzaville, focused on the evolution of annual rainfall and flow in the study area d...The analysis of the risk of flooding upstream from the Imboulou hydroelectric dam on the Léfini River in the Republic of Congo-Brazzaville, focused on the evolution of annual rainfall and flow in the study area during the period from 1970 to 2020 before and after the building of the dam in 2005, by applying statistical methods. These methods were used to analyse the spatial and temporal evolution of rainfall and flow at the unique hydrometric station located at the RN2 (National Road N°2) bridge in the village of Mbouambé in the Pool region. This work has shown that rainfall is not the cause of flooding in the Léfini catchment area. The monthly flow coefficient (MFC) showed exceptional flooding from November and December onwards after the dam was built, resulting in a variability of flows, with periods of high and low water. In addition, the annual average flow (AAF) and the maximum average flow (MAF) increased after the dam was built. Maximum average flows (MAF) were higher than annual average flows (AAF) throughout the period of study (1970-2020). The annual and monthly rainfall-runoff relationship showed changes after the dam was built, particularly from 2009 and during the months of November and December. .展开更多
伴随超标准巨震、极端暴雨洪水、巨型滑坡等灾害频繁发生,极端载荷作用下梯级水电枢纽群的灾害风险分析与防控等问题成为当前水利工程领域的研究热点。为分析梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险研究现状,绘制了国内外水库大坝溃坝事件的时间序列图...伴随超标准巨震、极端暴雨洪水、巨型滑坡等灾害频繁发生,极端载荷作用下梯级水电枢纽群的灾害风险分析与防控等问题成为当前水利工程领域的研究热点。为分析梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险研究现状,绘制了国内外水库大坝溃坝事件的时间序列图,分析了梯级水电枢纽群的风险特征,总结评述了梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险分析和巨灾防控研究进展,主要结论如下:1)梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险是我国水利水电工程风险防控面临的主要问题;2)梯级水电枢纽群风险分析方面主要聚焦于梯级水库连溃概率的分析和计算,对于溃决可能产生的巨灾损失的量化研究不足,缺乏对巨灾因子及其相关影响作用下巨灾风险的评估;3)缺乏对梯级枢纽群灾害链的阻断技术研究和应急避险方案设计研究。为此提出了梯级水电枢纽群可能最大灾难(Probable Maximum Disaster,PMD)的科学内涵,考虑可能遭遇的多种致灾因子和承灾体特征,分析相互因果关系和极端荷载组合情况,初步建立了PMD评估的理论模型,为绘制梯级水电枢纽群在巨灾情景下的灾难空间外包线和估算PMD损失上限值提供科学依据,为梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险分析和防控提供理论基础和技术支持。展开更多
文摘Various orders of condensed sections are recognized in the Cambrian of North China Carbonate Platform. Study of comparative sedimentology proves that CS4-CS5 in the Changshanian age is the maximum sea flooding sediments in the Cambrian, regardless of the distribution, thickness, internal structure of the condensed section series and K2O abundance. It is a two-layered composite condensed section series, characterized by the enrichment of such elements as K, P, Mn, Ti, Co, V, Cr, Cu, Zr, Ni, Li, Th, La, Ce, Nd, Dy, Y, Sc and Be. The Changshanian maximum flooding event can be correlated on a global scale, and the corresponding sedimentary records are discovered in 26 intercontinental sections in N. Europe, N. America, and Tarim and the Yangtze Platform of China. Through detailed sedimentological research, meter-scale cycle analysis and Fischer plots, it is concluded that the Changshanian maximum flooding was a composite effect of the second-order eustacy superimposed by the third-and fourth-order eustacy,
基金Subject supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Royal Society of UK and China Association for Science and Technology.
文摘The maximum flooding event and condensed section are one hot subject in modern se-quence stratigraphy and cyclic stratigraphy. Condensed section (CS)is defined as very thinabyssal or bathyal facies stratigraphic unit, with extremely low rate of sedimentation andbroad extension at the maximum flooding age. It is an important indicator fordetermination of the maximum flooding event. In recent years, the coneeption ofcondensed section has been opened up in not only its formation depth but also thedistributive scope after the discovery of glauconitic CS in North China Platform inCambrian by the aothors, and the condensed section is defined as the low-rate marinestratigraphic unit formed at the maximum flooding stage. It is the key to age determinationand correlation of craton basinal sequence.
文摘The analysis of the risk of flooding upstream from the Imboulou hydroelectric dam on the Léfini River in the Republic of Congo-Brazzaville, focused on the evolution of annual rainfall and flow in the study area during the period from 1970 to 2020 before and after the building of the dam in 2005, by applying statistical methods. These methods were used to analyse the spatial and temporal evolution of rainfall and flow at the unique hydrometric station located at the RN2 (National Road N°2) bridge in the village of Mbouambé in the Pool region. This work has shown that rainfall is not the cause of flooding in the Léfini catchment area. The monthly flow coefficient (MFC) showed exceptional flooding from November and December onwards after the dam was built, resulting in a variability of flows, with periods of high and low water. In addition, the annual average flow (AAF) and the maximum average flow (MAF) increased after the dam was built. Maximum average flows (MAF) were higher than annual average flows (AAF) throughout the period of study (1970-2020). The annual and monthly rainfall-runoff relationship showed changes after the dam was built, particularly from 2009 and during the months of November and December. .
文摘伴随超标准巨震、极端暴雨洪水、巨型滑坡等灾害频繁发生,极端载荷作用下梯级水电枢纽群的灾害风险分析与防控等问题成为当前水利工程领域的研究热点。为分析梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险研究现状,绘制了国内外水库大坝溃坝事件的时间序列图,分析了梯级水电枢纽群的风险特征,总结评述了梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险分析和巨灾防控研究进展,主要结论如下:1)梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险是我国水利水电工程风险防控面临的主要问题;2)梯级水电枢纽群风险分析方面主要聚焦于梯级水库连溃概率的分析和计算,对于溃决可能产生的巨灾损失的量化研究不足,缺乏对巨灾因子及其相关影响作用下巨灾风险的评估;3)缺乏对梯级枢纽群灾害链的阻断技术研究和应急避险方案设计研究。为此提出了梯级水电枢纽群可能最大灾难(Probable Maximum Disaster,PMD)的科学内涵,考虑可能遭遇的多种致灾因子和承灾体特征,分析相互因果关系和极端荷载组合情况,初步建立了PMD评估的理论模型,为绘制梯级水电枢纽群在巨灾情景下的灾难空间外包线和估算PMD损失上限值提供科学依据,为梯级水电枢纽群巨灾风险分析和防控提供理论基础和技术支持。
