Based on the practice of oil and gas exploration in the Huizhou Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,the geochemical indexes of source rocks were measured,the reservoir development morphology was restored,the rocks and ...Based on the practice of oil and gas exploration in the Huizhou Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,the geochemical indexes of source rocks were measured,the reservoir development morphology was restored,the rocks and minerals were characterized microscopically,the measured trap sealing indexes were compared,the biomarker compounds of crude oil were extracted,the genesis of condensate gas was identified,and the reservoir-forming conditions were examined.On this basis,the Paleogene Enping Formation in the Huizhou 26 subsag was systematically analyzed for the potential of oil and gas resources,the development characteristics of large-scale high-quality conglomerate reservoirs,the trapping effectiveness of faults,the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model,and the formation conditions and exploration targets of large-and medium-sized glutenite-rich oil and gas fields.The research results were obtained in four aspects.First,the Paleogene Wenchang Formation in the Huizhou 26 subsag develops extensive and thick high-quality source rocks of semi-deep to deep lacustrine subfacies,which have typical hydrocarbon expulsion characteristics of"great oil generation in the early stage and huge gas expulsion in the late stage",providing a sufficient material basis for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Enping Formation.Second,under the joint control of the steep slope zone and transition zone of the fault within the sag,the large-scale near-source glutenite reservoirs are highly heterogeneous,with the development scale dominated hierarchically by three factors(favorable facies zone,particle component,and microfracture).The(subaqueous)distributary channels near the fault system,with equal grains,a low mud content(<5%),and a high content of feldspar composition,are conducive to the development of sweet spot reservoirs.Third,the strike-slip pressurization trap covered by stable lake flooding mudstone is a necessary condition for oil and gas preservation,and the NE and nearly EW faults obliquely to the principal stress have the best control on traps.Fourth,the spatiotemporal configuration of high-quality source rocks,fault transport/sealing,and glutenite reservoirs controls the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment.From top to bottom,three hydrocarbon accumulation units,i.e.low-fill zone,transition zone,and high-fill zone,are recognized.The main area of the channel in the nearly pressurized source-connecting fault zone is favorable for large-scale hydrocarbon enrichment.The research results suggest a new direction for the exploration of large-scale glutenite-rich reservoirs in the Enping Formation of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,and present a major breakthrough in oil and gas exploration.展开更多
The first major outbreak of the severely complicated hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),primarily caused by enterovirus 71,was reported in Taiwan in 1998.HFMD surveillance is needed to assess the spread of HFMD.The par...The first major outbreak of the severely complicated hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),primarily caused by enterovirus 71,was reported in Taiwan in 1998.HFMD surveillance is needed to assess the spread of HFMD.The parameters we use in mathematical models are usually classical mathematical parameters,called crisp parameters,which are taken for granted.But any biological or physical phenomenon is best explained by uncertainty.To represent a realistic situation in any mathematical model,fuzzy parameters can be very useful.Many articles have been published on how to control and prevent HFMD from the perspective of public health and statistical modeling.However,few works use fuzzy theory in building models to simulateHFMDdynamics.In this context,we examined anHFMD model with fuzzy parameters.A Non Standard Finite Difference(NSFD)scheme is developed to solve the model.The developed technique retains essential properties such as positivity and dynamic consistency.Numerical simulations are presented to support the analytical results.The convergence and consistency of the proposed method are also discussed.The proposed method converges unconditionally while the many classical methods in the literature do not possess this property.In this regard,our proposed method can be considered as a reliable tool for studying the dynamics of HFMD.展开更多
The Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)is one of the most petroliferous basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea.Knowledge of the thermal history of the PRMB is significant for understanding its tectonic evoluti...The Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)is one of the most petroliferous basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea.Knowledge of the thermal history of the PRMB is significant for understanding its tectonic evolution and for unraveling its poorly studied source-rock maturation history.Our investigations in this study are based on apatite fission-track(AFT)thermochronology analysis of 12 cutting samples from 4 boreholes.Both AFT ages and length data suggested that the PRMB has experienced quite complicated thermal evolution.Thermal history modeling results unraveled four successive events of heating separated by three stages of cooling since the early Middle Eocene.The cooling events occurred approximately in the Late Eocene,early Oligocene,and the Late Miocene,possibly attributed to the Zhuqiong II Event,Nanhai Event,and Dongsha Event,respectively.The erosion amount during the first cooling stage is roughly estimated to be about 455-712 m,with an erosion rate of 0.08-0.12 mm/a.The second erosion-driven cooling is stronger than the first one,with an erosion amount of about 747-814 m and an erosion rate between about 0.13-0.21 mm/a.The erosion amount calculated related to the third cooling event varies from 800 m to 3419 m,which is speculative due to the possible influence of the magmatic activity.展开更多
EV71-type virus is one of the main pathogens causing the occurrence of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),and VP1 protein,a factor that directly determines the antigenicity of the virus,has been isolated.The tomato was...EV71-type virus is one of the main pathogens causing the occurrence of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),and VP1 protein,a factor that directly determines the antigenicity of the virus,has been isolated.The tomato was selected as a bioreactor for the production of an edible EV71 vaccine designed for the VP1 capsid protein.Using molecular biology techniques,the fusion gene EV71-VP1 was cut from vector PGEX-4T-2,a vector containing the p2300-EV71 gene with CaMV35S promoter and TL regulatory elements was constructed,and the hypocotyl and cotyledons of tomato were transformed using Agrobacterium(EHA105)-mediated method,screened,elongated and rooted,and finally 20 resistant tomato plants were obtained.Five transgenic positive seedlings were obtained by digestion and PCR assay,among which three plants were detected by RT-PCR to be capable of transcriptional translation at the RNA level.The experimental results aimed to explore new material support for the preparation of transgenic plant oral vaccines against EV71 infection and provide a theoretical basis for accelerating the development of transgenic plant vaccines in the future.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of mindfulness meditation on patients with burning mouth syndrome.Methods:60 patients with burning mouth syndrome in our hospital who were treated from January 2021 to December 2022 wer...Objective:To explore the effect of mindfulness meditation on patients with burning mouth syndrome.Methods:60 patients with burning mouth syndrome in our hospital who were treated from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected for this study.The patients were divided into two groups of thirty cases each using the randomized numerical table method.The observation underwent psychological intervention and mindfulness meditation training,while the control group only received symptomatic care.The condition of the patients of both groups was observed and compared.Results:Upon receiving treatment,the patients in the observation group had lower Hamilton Anxiety(HAM-A)scores,and Hamilton Depression(HAMD)scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).The visual analog scale(VAS)scores of the observation group were also lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the efficacy of the nursing intervention in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Psychological intervention and mindfulness meditation training can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with burning mouth syndrome.Therefore,this treatment method should be popularized.展开更多
The Yangjiang-Yitongdong Fault (YJF) is an important NW-trending regional fault, which divides the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Mouth Basin (ZRMB) into western and eastern segments. In Cenozoic, the northern continental mar...The Yangjiang-Yitongdong Fault (YJF) is an important NW-trending regional fault, which divides the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Mouth Basin (ZRMB) into western and eastern segments. In Cenozoic, the northern continental margin of the South China Sea (SCS) underwent continental rifting, breakup, seafloor spreading and thermal subsidence processes, and the Cenozoic activities of YJF is one part of this series of complex processes. Two long NW-trending multichannel seismic profiles located on both sides of the YJF extending from the continental shelf to Continent-Ocean Boundary (COB) were used to study the tectonic and sedimentary characteristics of western ZRMB. Using the 2D-Move software and back-stripping method, we constructed the balance cross-section model and calculated the fault activity rate. Through the comprehensive consideration of tectonic position, tectonic evolution history, featured structure, and stress analysis, we deduced the activity history of the YJF in Cenozoic. The results showed that the YJF can be divided into two segments by the central uplift belt. From 65 Ma to 32 Ma, the YJF was in sinistral motion as a whole, inherited the preexisting sinistral motion of Mesozoic YJF, in which, the southern part of YJF was mainly in extension activity, controlling the formation and evolution of Yunkai Low Uplift, coupled with slight sinistral motion. From 32 Ma to 23.8 Ma, the sinistral motion in northern part of YJF continued, while the sinistral motion in southern part began to stop or shifted to a slightly dextral motion. After 23.8 Ma, the dextral motion in southern part of YJF continued, while the sinistral motion in northern part of YJF gradually stopped, or shifted to the slightly dextral motion. The shift of the YJF strike-slip direction may be related to the magmatic underplating in continent-ocean transition, southeastern ZRMB. According to the analysis of tectonic activity intensity and rift sedimentary structure, the activities of YJF in Cenozoic played a regulating role in the rift extension process of ZRMB.展开更多
Burning mouth syndrome is a debilitating medical condition affecting nearly 1.3 million of Americans.Its common features include a burning painful sensation in the mouth,often associated with dysgeusia and xerostomia,...Burning mouth syndrome is a debilitating medical condition affecting nearly 1.3 million of Americans.Its common features include a burning painful sensation in the mouth,often associated with dysgeusia and xerostomia,despite normal salivation.Classically, symptoms are better in the morning,worsen during the day and typically subside at night.Its etiology is largely multifactorial,and associated medical conditions may include gastrointestinal,urogenital,psychiatric,neurologic and metabolic disorders,as well as drug reactions.BMS has clear predisposition to peri-/post menopausal females.Its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated and involves peripheral and central neuropathic pathways.Clinical diagnosis relies on careful history taking,physical examination and laboratory analysis.Treatment is often tedious and is aimed at correction of underlying medical conditions,supportive therapy,and behavioral feedback.Drug therapy with alpha lipoic acid,clonazepam,capsaicin,and antidepressants may provide symptom relief.Psychotherapy may be helpful.Short term follow up data is promising,however,long term prognosis with treatment is lacking.BMS remains an important medical condition which often places a recognizable burden on the patient and health care system and requires appropriate recognition and treatment.展开更多
Since 2002, an artificial water and sediment regulation(AWSR) has been carried out, which largely reduced water and sediment discharged from the Yellow River into the Bohai Sea. Although the sediment transport in the ...Since 2002, an artificial water and sediment regulation(AWSR) has been carried out, which largely reduced water and sediment discharged from the Yellow River into the Bohai Sea. Although the sediment transport in the Yellow River Mouth(YRM) has been observed and modeled intensively since AWSR, but preferentially for the non-storm conditions. In this study, a three-dimensional current-wave-sediment coupled model, DHI-MIKE numerical model, was used to examine the seasonal suspended-sediment transport in the YRM after the AWSR. Results show that the seasonal distribution of suspended-sediments in the YRM is dominated by wind and wave rather than river input. The major transport pathway of suspended-sediments is from the western Laizhou Bay to the Bohai Strait during the winter monsoon, especially in storm events. In addition, about 66% of the river sediments deposit within 30 km of the YRM, which is smaller than previous estimations. It suggests that the YRM has been eroded in recent decades.展开更多
Based on the characteristics of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the bar area in the Modaomen Estuary,a flume experiment was performed to study the evolution of the longitudinal profile of the mouth bar.The mou...Based on the characteristics of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the bar area in the Modaomen Estuary,a flume experiment was performed to study the evolution of the longitudinal profile of the mouth bar.The mouth bar evolution was investigated under the impacts of floods with different return periods as well as flood-wave interaction.The results showed that floods with different return periods had significant influences on the evolution of the river mouth bar.Particularly on the inner slope of the mouth bar,the sediment was substantially active and moveable.The inner slope and the bar crest tended to be remarkably scoured.The erosion was intensified with the increase of the magnitude of floods.Moreover,the bar crest moved seawards,while the elevation of the bar crest barely changed.Under the flood-wave interaction,a remarkable amount of erosion on the inner and outer slopes of the mouth bar was also found.The seaward displacement of the bar crest under the interaction of floods and waves was less than it was under only the impact of floods,while more deposition was found on the crest of the mouth bar in this case.展开更多
Objective:To investigate clinical and neuroimaging features of enterovirus71(EV71) related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-fool-mouth disease.Methods:Nine patients with acute flaccid paralysis met the cr...Objective:To investigate clinical and neuroimaging features of enterovirus71(EV71) related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-fool-mouth disease.Methods:Nine patients with acute flaccid paralysis met the criterion of EV71 induced hand-foot-mouth disease underwent spinal and brain MR imaging from May 2008 to Sep 2012.Results:One extremity flaccid was found in four cases(3 with lower limb,1 with upper limb),two limbs flaccid in three cases(2 with lower limbs,1 with upper limbs),and four limbs flaccid in two cases.Spinal MRI studies showed lesion with high signal in T2-weighted images(T2WI) and low signal T1-weighted images(T1WI) in the spinal cord of all nine cases,and the lesions were mainly in bilateral and unilateral anterior hom of cervical spinal cord and spinal cord below thoracic 9(T9) level.In addition,the midbrain,pons, and medulla,which were involved in 3 cases with brainstem encephalitis,demonstrated abnormal signal.Moreover,spinal cord contrast MRI studies showed mild enhancement in corresponding anterior hom of the involved side,and strong enhancement in its ventral root.Conclusions: EV71 related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-foot-mouth disease mainly affected the anterior hom regions and ventral root of cervical spinal cord and spinal cord below T9 level. MR imaging could efficiendy show the characteristic pattern and extent of the lesions which correlated well with the clinical features.展开更多
-On the basis of the data of geophysics and seismic activities, the analyses of the active faults, seismic activities and the sea floor unstable factors of the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin have been made so as to study ...-On the basis of the data of geophysics and seismic activities, the analyses of the active faults, seismic activities and the sea floor unstable factors of the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin have been made so as to study the characteristics of the compressional subactive continental margin of Cathaysian system, arc littoral strongly active fracture zone, the division of seismic subzone and seismic zone of the continental margin of northern South China Sea, the potential focal area, and to analyze the regional stability. We consider that the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin belongs to a stable or a moderately stable region.展开更多
By using satellite remote sensing informations, the conceptual system of time-space at tributes and time dimension in recent evolution of the sand spit at the Huanghe River mouth is expound ed. Based on this work, the...By using satellite remote sensing informations, the conceptual system of time-space at tributes and time dimension in recent evolution of the sand spit at the Huanghe River mouth is expound ed. Based on this work, the parameterization of relevant factors and topological analysis of sand spit spa tial structure are conducted, and a model, which is suitable for representing the development and growth of the Huanghe River mouth is developed. It is shown that during the later stage of its development, the Sand spit growth index is almost 0. According to the parallelogram rule, under the reinforce effects of the Coriolis force and ocean dynamics, the Sand spit of current stream will never extend towards sea when it reaches the deep-water area. This work would be helpful to the imminent comprehensive harness of the "man-made river branch" at the Huanghe River mouth.展开更多
In order to improve the dust absorption performance of the reverse blowing pickup mouth, the gas-solid flow motion properties inside the reverse blowing pickup mouth were simulated by using computational fluid dynamic...In order to improve the dust absorption performance of the reverse blowing pickup mouth, the gas-solid flow motion properties inside the reverse blowing pickup mouth were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics( CFD) software,Fluent.The results show that both the front baffle inclination angle and the pressure drop across the pickup mouth have significant impacts on dust absorption performance. As the inclination angle is increased,there is an increase in the overall and grade removal efficiency. As the front baffle inclination angle or pressure drop is increased,there is an increase in the overall and grade removal efficiencies.However,pressure drop affects energy consumption. Front baffle inclination angle and pressure drop are optimized. Optimal inclination angle and pressure drop are 105° and 2 300 Pa respectively. Sample machine is made and measured,which further verifies the appropriateness of numerical simulation and practicability of optimum strategy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)has become one of the most common infectious diseases in China.Before 2016,the primary causal serotypes were enterovirus A71(EV-A71)and coxsackievirus A16(CV-A16).Following ...BACKGROUND Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)has become one of the most common infectious diseases in China.Before 2016,the primary causal serotypes were enterovirus A71(EV-A71)and coxsackievirus A16(CV-A16).Following the introduction of EV-A71 vaccines in China since 2016,the situation could change.CV-A6 has recently replaced EV-A71 and CV-A16 in some areas of China.However,the epidemiological characteristics of central China remain unknown.AIM To investigate the clinical symptoms and pathogen spectrum of HFMD in Shiyan City,central China,in recent years.METHODS The epidemiological,clinical,and laboratory data from HFMD cases reported to the Shiyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention between January 2016 and December 2020 were analyzed.196 throat swab specimens were collected from hospitalized HFMD patients between January 2018 and December 2020.To detect and genotype enteroviruses,real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the 5'-untranslated region were used.In Shiyan,168 laboratory-confirmed HFMD cases were studied using a logistic regression model to determine the effect of predominant enterovirus serotypes.Based on the logistic regression model,the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model was used to analyze the correlation between CV-A6 infection and various clinical characteristics in HFMD patients in Shiyan.RESULTS From 2016 to 2020,35840 HFMD cases were reported in Shiyan.The number of cases decreased by 48.4%from 2016 to 2017.Approximately 1.58-fold increases were found in 2018 and 2019 when compared to the previous year,respectively.In 2020,a decrease of about 85.5%was reported when compared to 2019.The most common serotypes shifted from EV-A71 and CV-A16(about 60%-80%in 2016 and 2018)to others(more than 80.0%in 2017,2019,and 2020).EV-A71 lost its dominance in 2017 in Shiyan.Among 196 confirmed HFMD cases,85.7%tested positive for enterovirus,with CV-A6 being the most common serotype(121/168,72.0%).The positive rates for CV-A16 and CVA10 were 4.8%and 3.0%,respectively.There was no EV-A71 discovered.Infection with CV-A6 was linked to fever,myocardial damage,increased creatine kinase MB isoenzyme,and lactate dehydrogenase levels.CONCLUSION CV-A6 was the most common enterovirus serotype in Shiyan City,replacing EV-A71 and CV-A16 as the HFMD pathogen.Developing vaccines against CV-A6 or multiple pathogens,as well as rising CV-A6 surveillance,will help prevent HFMD in central China.展开更多
Outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) have occurred many times and caused serious health burden in China since 2008. Application of modern information technology to prediction and early response can be helpful fo...Outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) have occurred many times and caused serious health burden in China since 2008. Application of modern information technology to prediction and early response can be helpful for efficient HFMD prevention and control. A seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) model for time series analysis was designed in this study. Eighty-four-month(from January 2009 to December 2015) retrospective data obtained from the Chinese Information System for Disease Prevention and Control were subjected to ARIMA modeling. The coefficient of determination(R^2), normalized Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC) and Q-test P value were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of constructed models. Subsequently, the best-fitted ARIMA model was applied to predict the expected incidence of HFMD from January 2016 to December 2016. The best-fitted seasonal ARIMA model was identified as(1,0,1)(0,1,1)12, with the largest coefficient of determination(R^2=0.743) and lowest normalized BIC(BIC=3.645) value. The residuals of the model also showed non-significant autocorrelations(P_(Box-Ljung(Q))=0.299). The predictions by the optimum ARIMA model adequately captured the pattern in the data and exhibited two peaks of activity over the forecast interval, including a major peak during April to June, and again a light peak for September to November. The ARIMA model proposed in this study can forecast HFMD incidence trend effectively, which could provide useful support for future HFMD prevention and control in the study area. Besides, further observations should be added continually into the modeling data set, and parameters of the models should be adjusted accordingly.展开更多
Ennore river mouth is the largest estuary and it’s located in Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, southeastern part of India. The creek covers an area of 2.25 km2 where located 20 km north of the city centre and 2.6 km south of...Ennore river mouth is the largest estuary and it’s located in Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, southeastern part of India. The creek covers an area of 2.25 km2 where located 20 km north of the city centre and 2.6 km south of the Ennore port. The studies are carried out using remote sensing and Geospatial technologies.The Landsat images acquired from 2013 to 2016 were used to demarcate the rate of shoreline dynamics using GIS-based digital shoreline analysis system. The succeeding short term river mouth dynamics,coastal erosion, and accretion rates have been considered for the years 2013-2016. The statistical analysis such as linear regression and end point rate were determined from the shoreline layers. The physical parameters are played the main role in the dynamic activities of erosion and accretion. The study area shows during last four years(2013-2016) erosion are more than the accretion of the shoreline occurred over the years.展开更多
This study was conducted to characterize the diversity and function of microbial communities in marine sediments of the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)in the South China Sea.The results showed that the bacterial and arc...This study was conducted to characterize the diversity and function of microbial communities in marine sediments of the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)in the South China Sea.The results showed that the bacterial and archaeal communities varied greatly with depth.Proteobacteria in bacterial communities and Nitrososphaeria and Woesearchaeota in archaeal communities were dominant in the shallow sediments(1-40 cm),while Chloroflexi in bacterial communities and Bathyarchaeia in archaeal communities were dominant in the deep sediments(50-200 cm).Regarding ecological functions based on the metatranscriptomic data,genes involved in various pathways of nitrogen metabolism and sulfur metabolism were observed in the tested sediment samples.Metagenomic analysis revealed that Proteobacteria contribute the most to nearly all genes involved in nitrogen and sulfur metabolism.Moreover,Thaumarchaeota contribute the most to certain genes involved in nitrification,denitrification and assimilatory sulfate reduction pathways.The most abundant bacterial genus,Candidatus Scalindua,is crucial for nitrification,dissimilatory nitrate reduction,denitrification and assimilatory sulfate reduction pathways.展开更多
This paper investigates the origin and migration characteristics of petroleum in the northeastern part of the Baiyun Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB).The discovered petroleum in the study area is mainly locate...This paper investigates the origin and migration characteristics of petroleum in the northeastern part of the Baiyun Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB).The discovered petroleum in the study area is mainly located in the Lower Zhujiang Member(N_(1)z^(2))and mainly originated from the Enping Formation source rocks in the eastern sag.Active faults(vertical migration)and N_(1)z^(2)sandstones(lateral migration)acted as the petroleum migration systems.The fault activities in the Dongsha event controlled the episodic petroleum migration.Fractures in the fault zones provided effective conduits,and overpressure was the driving force.The vertical migration could not cross the fault zones laterally.The petroleum injection areas in the carrier beds were the contact zones of petroleum-migration faults and carrier beds.The lateral migration was steady-state migration,and buoyancy was the driving force.The migration pathways in the carrier beds were controlled by the structural morphology.Secondary petroleum migration in the study area could be divided into two parts:vertical migration along the fractures in the fault zones and lateral migration through preferential petroleum migration pathways(PPMPs)in the carrier beds.The petroleum migration behaviors,including migrating direction,driving force,and migration pattern,in the faults and sandstone carrier beds were quite different.This study provides a typical example for comprehending secondary migration processes and has great importance for determining future exploration targets in the deep-water area of the PRMB.展开更多
基金Supported by the CNOOC Major Technology Project During the 14th FIVE-YEAR PLAN PERIOD(KJGG2022-0403)CNOOC Major Technology Project(KJZH-2021-0003-00).
文摘Based on the practice of oil and gas exploration in the Huizhou Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,the geochemical indexes of source rocks were measured,the reservoir development morphology was restored,the rocks and minerals were characterized microscopically,the measured trap sealing indexes were compared,the biomarker compounds of crude oil were extracted,the genesis of condensate gas was identified,and the reservoir-forming conditions were examined.On this basis,the Paleogene Enping Formation in the Huizhou 26 subsag was systematically analyzed for the potential of oil and gas resources,the development characteristics of large-scale high-quality conglomerate reservoirs,the trapping effectiveness of faults,the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model,and the formation conditions and exploration targets of large-and medium-sized glutenite-rich oil and gas fields.The research results were obtained in four aspects.First,the Paleogene Wenchang Formation in the Huizhou 26 subsag develops extensive and thick high-quality source rocks of semi-deep to deep lacustrine subfacies,which have typical hydrocarbon expulsion characteristics of"great oil generation in the early stage and huge gas expulsion in the late stage",providing a sufficient material basis for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Enping Formation.Second,under the joint control of the steep slope zone and transition zone of the fault within the sag,the large-scale near-source glutenite reservoirs are highly heterogeneous,with the development scale dominated hierarchically by three factors(favorable facies zone,particle component,and microfracture).The(subaqueous)distributary channels near the fault system,with equal grains,a low mud content(<5%),and a high content of feldspar composition,are conducive to the development of sweet spot reservoirs.Third,the strike-slip pressurization trap covered by stable lake flooding mudstone is a necessary condition for oil and gas preservation,and the NE and nearly EW faults obliquely to the principal stress have the best control on traps.Fourth,the spatiotemporal configuration of high-quality source rocks,fault transport/sealing,and glutenite reservoirs controls the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment.From top to bottom,three hydrocarbon accumulation units,i.e.low-fill zone,transition zone,and high-fill zone,are recognized.The main area of the channel in the nearly pressurized source-connecting fault zone is favorable for large-scale hydrocarbon enrichment.The research results suggest a new direction for the exploration of large-scale glutenite-rich reservoirs in the Enping Formation of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,and present a major breakthrough in oil and gas exploration.
文摘The first major outbreak of the severely complicated hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),primarily caused by enterovirus 71,was reported in Taiwan in 1998.HFMD surveillance is needed to assess the spread of HFMD.The parameters we use in mathematical models are usually classical mathematical parameters,called crisp parameters,which are taken for granted.But any biological or physical phenomenon is best explained by uncertainty.To represent a realistic situation in any mathematical model,fuzzy parameters can be very useful.Many articles have been published on how to control and prevent HFMD from the perspective of public health and statistical modeling.However,few works use fuzzy theory in building models to simulateHFMDdynamics.In this context,we examined anHFMD model with fuzzy parameters.A Non Standard Finite Difference(NSFD)scheme is developed to solve the model.The developed technique retains essential properties such as positivity and dynamic consistency.Numerical simulations are presented to support the analytical results.The convergence and consistency of the proposed method are also discussed.The proposed method converges unconditionally while the many classical methods in the literature do not possess this property.In this regard,our proposed method can be considered as a reliable tool for studying the dynamics of HFMD.
基金This study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42072181).
文摘The Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)is one of the most petroliferous basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea.Knowledge of the thermal history of the PRMB is significant for understanding its tectonic evolution and for unraveling its poorly studied source-rock maturation history.Our investigations in this study are based on apatite fission-track(AFT)thermochronology analysis of 12 cutting samples from 4 boreholes.Both AFT ages and length data suggested that the PRMB has experienced quite complicated thermal evolution.Thermal history modeling results unraveled four successive events of heating separated by three stages of cooling since the early Middle Eocene.The cooling events occurred approximately in the Late Eocene,early Oligocene,and the Late Miocene,possibly attributed to the Zhuqiong II Event,Nanhai Event,and Dongsha Event,respectively.The erosion amount during the first cooling stage is roughly estimated to be about 455-712 m,with an erosion rate of 0.08-0.12 mm/a.The second erosion-driven cooling is stronger than the first one,with an erosion amount of about 747-814 m and an erosion rate between about 0.13-0.21 mm/a.The erosion amount calculated related to the third cooling event varies from 800 m to 3419 m,which is speculative due to the possible influence of the magmatic activity.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2021C032)。
文摘EV71-type virus is one of the main pathogens causing the occurrence of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),and VP1 protein,a factor that directly determines the antigenicity of the virus,has been isolated.The tomato was selected as a bioreactor for the production of an edible EV71 vaccine designed for the VP1 capsid protein.Using molecular biology techniques,the fusion gene EV71-VP1 was cut from vector PGEX-4T-2,a vector containing the p2300-EV71 gene with CaMV35S promoter and TL regulatory elements was constructed,and the hypocotyl and cotyledons of tomato were transformed using Agrobacterium(EHA105)-mediated method,screened,elongated and rooted,and finally 20 resistant tomato plants were obtained.Five transgenic positive seedlings were obtained by digestion and PCR assay,among which three plants were detected by RT-PCR to be capable of transcriptional translation at the RNA level.The experimental results aimed to explore new material support for the preparation of transgenic plant oral vaccines against EV71 infection and provide a theoretical basis for accelerating the development of transgenic plant vaccines in the future.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of mindfulness meditation on patients with burning mouth syndrome.Methods:60 patients with burning mouth syndrome in our hospital who were treated from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected for this study.The patients were divided into two groups of thirty cases each using the randomized numerical table method.The observation underwent psychological intervention and mindfulness meditation training,while the control group only received symptomatic care.The condition of the patients of both groups was observed and compared.Results:Upon receiving treatment,the patients in the observation group had lower Hamilton Anxiety(HAM-A)scores,and Hamilton Depression(HAMD)scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).The visual analog scale(VAS)scores of the observation group were also lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the efficacy of the nursing intervention in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Psychological intervention and mindfulness meditation training can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with burning mouth syndrome.Therefore,this treatment method should be popularized.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41776072,41476039,41674092 and 41676045the Geotectonic Evolution of China and Compilation of International Asian Geotectonic Map under contract No.DD20190364the Marine Basic Geological Survey Project under contract No.DD20190627
文摘The Yangjiang-Yitongdong Fault (YJF) is an important NW-trending regional fault, which divides the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Mouth Basin (ZRMB) into western and eastern segments. In Cenozoic, the northern continental margin of the South China Sea (SCS) underwent continental rifting, breakup, seafloor spreading and thermal subsidence processes, and the Cenozoic activities of YJF is one part of this series of complex processes. Two long NW-trending multichannel seismic profiles located on both sides of the YJF extending from the continental shelf to Continent-Ocean Boundary (COB) were used to study the tectonic and sedimentary characteristics of western ZRMB. Using the 2D-Move software and back-stripping method, we constructed the balance cross-section model and calculated the fault activity rate. Through the comprehensive consideration of tectonic position, tectonic evolution history, featured structure, and stress analysis, we deduced the activity history of the YJF in Cenozoic. The results showed that the YJF can be divided into two segments by the central uplift belt. From 65 Ma to 32 Ma, the YJF was in sinistral motion as a whole, inherited the preexisting sinistral motion of Mesozoic YJF, in which, the southern part of YJF was mainly in extension activity, controlling the formation and evolution of Yunkai Low Uplift, coupled with slight sinistral motion. From 32 Ma to 23.8 Ma, the sinistral motion in northern part of YJF continued, while the sinistral motion in southern part began to stop or shifted to a slightly dextral motion. After 23.8 Ma, the dextral motion in southern part of YJF continued, while the sinistral motion in northern part of YJF gradually stopped, or shifted to the slightly dextral motion. The shift of the YJF strike-slip direction may be related to the magmatic underplating in continent-ocean transition, southeastern ZRMB. According to the analysis of tectonic activity intensity and rift sedimentary structure, the activities of YJF in Cenozoic played a regulating role in the rift extension process of ZRMB.
文摘Burning mouth syndrome is a debilitating medical condition affecting nearly 1.3 million of Americans.Its common features include a burning painful sensation in the mouth,often associated with dysgeusia and xerostomia,despite normal salivation.Classically, symptoms are better in the morning,worsen during the day and typically subside at night.Its etiology is largely multifactorial,and associated medical conditions may include gastrointestinal,urogenital,psychiatric,neurologic and metabolic disorders,as well as drug reactions.BMS has clear predisposition to peri-/post menopausal females.Its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated and involves peripheral and central neuropathic pathways.Clinical diagnosis relies on careful history taking,physical examination and laboratory analysis.Treatment is often tedious and is aimed at correction of underlying medical conditions,supportive therapy,and behavioral feedback.Drug therapy with alpha lipoic acid,clonazepam,capsaicin,and antidepressants may provide symptom relief.Psychotherapy may be helpful.Short term follow up data is promising,however,long term prognosis with treatment is lacking.BMS remains an important medical condition which often places a recognizable burden on the patient and health care system and requires appropriate recognition and treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41476030, U1706215, and 41406081)the Project of Taishan Scholar
文摘Since 2002, an artificial water and sediment regulation(AWSR) has been carried out, which largely reduced water and sediment discharged from the Yellow River into the Bohai Sea. Although the sediment transport in the Yellow River Mouth(YRM) has been observed and modeled intensively since AWSR, but preferentially for the non-storm conditions. In this study, a three-dimensional current-wave-sediment coupled model, DHI-MIKE numerical model, was used to examine the seasonal suspended-sediment transport in the YRM after the AWSR. Results show that the seasonal distribution of suspended-sediments in the YRM is dominated by wind and wave rather than river input. The major transport pathway of suspended-sediments is from the western Laizhou Bay to the Bohai Strait during the winter monsoon, especially in storm events. In addition, about 66% of the river sediments deposit within 30 km of the YRM, which is smaller than previous estimations. It suggests that the YRM has been eroded in recent decades.
基金supported by the Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute(CRSRI)Open Research Program(Grant No.CKWV2017499/KY)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51779280)
文摘Based on the characteristics of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the bar area in the Modaomen Estuary,a flume experiment was performed to study the evolution of the longitudinal profile of the mouth bar.The mouth bar evolution was investigated under the impacts of floods with different return periods as well as flood-wave interaction.The results showed that floods with different return periods had significant influences on the evolution of the river mouth bar.Particularly on the inner slope of the mouth bar,the sediment was substantially active and moveable.The inner slope and the bar crest tended to be remarkably scoured.The erosion was intensified with the increase of the magnitude of floods.Moreover,the bar crest moved seawards,while the elevation of the bar crest barely changed.Under the flood-wave interaction,a remarkable amount of erosion on the inner and outer slopes of the mouth bar was also found.The seaward displacement of the bar crest under the interaction of floods and waves was less than it was under only the impact of floods,while more deposition was found on the crest of the mouth bar in this case.
基金funded by the Hainan Natural Science Foundation 310119Haiman Health Institution Project(No 2011-22)
文摘Objective:To investigate clinical and neuroimaging features of enterovirus71(EV71) related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-fool-mouth disease.Methods:Nine patients with acute flaccid paralysis met the criterion of EV71 induced hand-foot-mouth disease underwent spinal and brain MR imaging from May 2008 to Sep 2012.Results:One extremity flaccid was found in four cases(3 with lower limb,1 with upper limb),two limbs flaccid in three cases(2 with lower limbs,1 with upper limbs),and four limbs flaccid in two cases.Spinal MRI studies showed lesion with high signal in T2-weighted images(T2WI) and low signal T1-weighted images(T1WI) in the spinal cord of all nine cases,and the lesions were mainly in bilateral and unilateral anterior hom of cervical spinal cord and spinal cord below thoracic 9(T9) level.In addition,the midbrain,pons, and medulla,which were involved in 3 cases with brainstem encephalitis,demonstrated abnormal signal.Moreover,spinal cord contrast MRI studies showed mild enhancement in corresponding anterior hom of the involved side,and strong enhancement in its ventral root.Conclusions: EV71 related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-foot-mouth disease mainly affected the anterior hom regions and ventral root of cervical spinal cord and spinal cord below T9 level. MR imaging could efficiendy show the characteristic pattern and extent of the lesions which correlated well with the clinical features.
基金This study granted by the Scientific Foundation of the China Academy of Science, is one of the stage results of the subject (R850835). A symposium of the International Petroleum Geological Conference of Northern South China Sea Continental Shelf, 1987
文摘-On the basis of the data of geophysics and seismic activities, the analyses of the active faults, seismic activities and the sea floor unstable factors of the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin have been made so as to study the characteristics of the compressional subactive continental margin of Cathaysian system, arc littoral strongly active fracture zone, the division of seismic subzone and seismic zone of the continental margin of northern South China Sea, the potential focal area, and to analyze the regional stability. We consider that the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin belongs to a stable or a moderately stable region.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China ! 49871056.
文摘By using satellite remote sensing informations, the conceptual system of time-space at tributes and time dimension in recent evolution of the sand spit at the Huanghe River mouth is expound ed. Based on this work, the parameterization of relevant factors and topological analysis of sand spit spa tial structure are conducted, and a model, which is suitable for representing the development and growth of the Huanghe River mouth is developed. It is shown that during the later stage of its development, the Sand spit growth index is almost 0. According to the parallelogram rule, under the reinforce effects of the Coriolis force and ocean dynamics, the Sand spit of current stream will never extend towards sea when it reaches the deep-water area. This work would be helpful to the imminent comprehensive harness of the "man-made river branch" at the Huanghe River mouth.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51375202)
文摘In order to improve the dust absorption performance of the reverse blowing pickup mouth, the gas-solid flow motion properties inside the reverse blowing pickup mouth were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics( CFD) software,Fluent.The results show that both the front baffle inclination angle and the pressure drop across the pickup mouth have significant impacts on dust absorption performance. As the inclination angle is increased,there is an increase in the overall and grade removal efficiency. As the front baffle inclination angle or pressure drop is increased,there is an increase in the overall and grade removal efficiencies.However,pressure drop affects energy consumption. Front baffle inclination angle and pressure drop are optimized. Optimal inclination angle and pressure drop are 105° and 2 300 Pa respectively. Sample machine is made and measured,which further verifies the appropriateness of numerical simulation and practicability of optimum strategy.
基金Supported by the Hubei Province Health and Family Planning A Scientific Research Project,No.WJ2017M220the Wuhan Health Bureau Scientific Research Fund,No.WX19C11+2 种基金the Joint Precision Medical Research Fund From Taihe Hospital,No.2016JZ10the Shiyan COVID-19 Pilot Emergency Scientific Research Project,No.20Y19the Wuhan Children's Hospital Research Project,No.2017FE007.
文摘BACKGROUND Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)has become one of the most common infectious diseases in China.Before 2016,the primary causal serotypes were enterovirus A71(EV-A71)and coxsackievirus A16(CV-A16).Following the introduction of EV-A71 vaccines in China since 2016,the situation could change.CV-A6 has recently replaced EV-A71 and CV-A16 in some areas of China.However,the epidemiological characteristics of central China remain unknown.AIM To investigate the clinical symptoms and pathogen spectrum of HFMD in Shiyan City,central China,in recent years.METHODS The epidemiological,clinical,and laboratory data from HFMD cases reported to the Shiyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention between January 2016 and December 2020 were analyzed.196 throat swab specimens were collected from hospitalized HFMD patients between January 2018 and December 2020.To detect and genotype enteroviruses,real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the 5'-untranslated region were used.In Shiyan,168 laboratory-confirmed HFMD cases were studied using a logistic regression model to determine the effect of predominant enterovirus serotypes.Based on the logistic regression model,the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model was used to analyze the correlation between CV-A6 infection and various clinical characteristics in HFMD patients in Shiyan.RESULTS From 2016 to 2020,35840 HFMD cases were reported in Shiyan.The number of cases decreased by 48.4%from 2016 to 2017.Approximately 1.58-fold increases were found in 2018 and 2019 when compared to the previous year,respectively.In 2020,a decrease of about 85.5%was reported when compared to 2019.The most common serotypes shifted from EV-A71 and CV-A16(about 60%-80%in 2016 and 2018)to others(more than 80.0%in 2017,2019,and 2020).EV-A71 lost its dominance in 2017 in Shiyan.Among 196 confirmed HFMD cases,85.7%tested positive for enterovirus,with CV-A6 being the most common serotype(121/168,72.0%).The positive rates for CV-A16 and CVA10 were 4.8%and 3.0%,respectively.There was no EV-A71 discovered.Infection with CV-A6 was linked to fever,myocardial damage,increased creatine kinase MB isoenzyme,and lactate dehydrogenase levels.CONCLUSION CV-A6 was the most common enterovirus serotype in Shiyan City,replacing EV-A71 and CV-A16 as the HFMD pathogen.Developing vaccines against CV-A6 or multiple pathogens,as well as rising CV-A6 surveillance,will help prevent HFMD in central China.
基金financially supported by the Health and Family Planning Commission of Hubei Province(No.WJ2017F047)the Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuhan(No.WG17D05)
文摘Outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) have occurred many times and caused serious health burden in China since 2008. Application of modern information technology to prediction and early response can be helpful for efficient HFMD prevention and control. A seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) model for time series analysis was designed in this study. Eighty-four-month(from January 2009 to December 2015) retrospective data obtained from the Chinese Information System for Disease Prevention and Control were subjected to ARIMA modeling. The coefficient of determination(R^2), normalized Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC) and Q-test P value were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of constructed models. Subsequently, the best-fitted ARIMA model was applied to predict the expected incidence of HFMD from January 2016 to December 2016. The best-fitted seasonal ARIMA model was identified as(1,0,1)(0,1,1)12, with the largest coefficient of determination(R^2=0.743) and lowest normalized BIC(BIC=3.645) value. The residuals of the model also showed non-significant autocorrelations(P_(Box-Ljung(Q))=0.299). The predictions by the optimum ARIMA model adequately captured the pattern in the data and exhibited two peaks of activity over the forecast interval, including a major peak during April to June, and again a light peak for September to November. The ARIMA model proposed in this study can forecast HFMD incidence trend effectively, which could provide useful support for future HFMD prevention and control in the study area. Besides, further observations should be added continually into the modeling data set, and parameters of the models should be adjusted accordingly.
文摘Ennore river mouth is the largest estuary and it’s located in Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, southeastern part of India. The creek covers an area of 2.25 km2 where located 20 km north of the city centre and 2.6 km south of the Ennore port. The studies are carried out using remote sensing and Geospatial technologies.The Landsat images acquired from 2013 to 2016 were used to demarcate the rate of shoreline dynamics using GIS-based digital shoreline analysis system. The succeeding short term river mouth dynamics,coastal erosion, and accretion rates have been considered for the years 2013-2016. The statistical analysis such as linear regression and end point rate were determined from the shoreline layers. The physical parameters are played the main role in the dynamic activities of erosion and accretion. The study area shows during last four years(2013-2016) erosion are more than the accretion of the shoreline occurred over the years.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41620104001 and 41806131)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.2016 ASKJ02).
文摘This study was conducted to characterize the diversity and function of microbial communities in marine sediments of the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)in the South China Sea.The results showed that the bacterial and archaeal communities varied greatly with depth.Proteobacteria in bacterial communities and Nitrososphaeria and Woesearchaeota in archaeal communities were dominant in the shallow sediments(1-40 cm),while Chloroflexi in bacterial communities and Bathyarchaeia in archaeal communities were dominant in the deep sediments(50-200 cm).Regarding ecological functions based on the metatranscriptomic data,genes involved in various pathways of nitrogen metabolism and sulfur metabolism were observed in the tested sediment samples.Metagenomic analysis revealed that Proteobacteria contribute the most to nearly all genes involved in nitrogen and sulfur metabolism.Moreover,Thaumarchaeota contribute the most to certain genes involved in nitrification,denitrification and assimilatory sulfate reduction pathways.The most abundant bacterial genus,Candidatus Scalindua,is crucial for nitrification,dissimilatory nitrate reduction,denitrification and assimilatory sulfate reduction pathways.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects of China(Grant No:2016ZX05026-007)。
文摘This paper investigates the origin and migration characteristics of petroleum in the northeastern part of the Baiyun Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB).The discovered petroleum in the study area is mainly located in the Lower Zhujiang Member(N_(1)z^(2))and mainly originated from the Enping Formation source rocks in the eastern sag.Active faults(vertical migration)and N_(1)z^(2)sandstones(lateral migration)acted as the petroleum migration systems.The fault activities in the Dongsha event controlled the episodic petroleum migration.Fractures in the fault zones provided effective conduits,and overpressure was the driving force.The vertical migration could not cross the fault zones laterally.The petroleum injection areas in the carrier beds were the contact zones of petroleum-migration faults and carrier beds.The lateral migration was steady-state migration,and buoyancy was the driving force.The migration pathways in the carrier beds were controlled by the structural morphology.Secondary petroleum migration in the study area could be divided into two parts:vertical migration along the fractures in the fault zones and lateral migration through preferential petroleum migration pathways(PPMPs)in the carrier beds.The petroleum migration behaviors,including migrating direction,driving force,and migration pattern,in the faults and sandstone carrier beds were quite different.This study provides a typical example for comprehending secondary migration processes and has great importance for determining future exploration targets in the deep-water area of the PRMB.
