Networked manufacturing is a primary management mod e of virtual enterprise. It takes advantage of advanced network technology to pass information and devise and assemble necessary components so as to reach a certa in...Networked manufacturing is a primary management mod e of virtual enterprise. It takes advantage of advanced network technology to pass information and devise and assemble necessary components so as to reach a certa in specific purpose. The characteristics of it are dynamic, international and pr ompt. In contrast with traditional manufacturing, networked manufacturing utilizes external predominant resources, and breaks through tangible limits of enterpris e, so it can optimize the combination of social resources and improve the enterp rise′capability of adapting to the constantly changing market. Networked manufacturing produces some problems while bringing enterprise infin ite commercial chance. Compared with traditional manufacturing, stealing intelle ctual achievements and encroaching the related property rights not only becomes easier and quicker, but also leaves no traces when enterprises transfer informat ion through network. It′s well known that competition among corporations in the future is the on e of intellectual property in the final analysis. Therefore, recently, the statu s of intellectual property protection is promoted grandly. In the following parts, several proposals on protecting intellectual property ar e put forward in detail. We can protect the intellectual property by the ways of strengthening the consci ousness of protection. We can protect the intellectual property by perfecting the law. We will know which behaviors on the network are legitimate and which one are illegitimate. As a result, it can decrease and resolve the conflicts partially. Besides, the article puts forward that the conflicts can be resolved through a m edi-institution, an authoritative governmental organization. Moreover, we should strengthen the education on ethics. At last, the paper presents that we can protect our intellectual property throug h international cooperation.展开更多
In recent decades, the world economy has been stron gl y driven by worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) of transnational corporati ons (TNCs). And business globalisation is leading to widespread re-structuring of...In recent decades, the world economy has been stron gl y driven by worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) of transnational corporati ons (TNCs). And business globalisation is leading to widespread re-structuring of international manufacturing systems in TNCs. However, still very little sys tematic research in manufacturing engineering or production/operations managemen t (P/O M) has focused on these new types of globalised manufacturing systems, an d little communication is organised between different academic disciplines such as manufacturing, management/ business studies, economics, geography, internatio nal development studies and so on. Many critical issues are still poorly unders tood and are not covered by current research agendas, for example: · properties of international manufacturing network systems in terms of structu ral architecture, dynamic mechanisms, strategic capabilities, strategy processes , new technology, and alliance relationships · knowledge management and organisational learning mechanisms in international manufacturing context, especially in globally coordinated networks at both intra - and inter- organisational levels · global economic trends, regional collaboration, national culture/identity, an d their impacts on industrial sector development, and company’s manufacturin g system design/re-structuring In industry, lack of global vision and appropriate strategies during internation alisation have become major barrier to the effective management of international operations. In academia, limited multi-discipline exchanges have inhibited de velopments not only in each area but also knowledge contribution to industry whi ch could arise from discipline integration. This paper, based on recent years case observations and action research work on manufacturing internationalisation, especially globalisation, introduces an evol utionary process of manufacturing systems. It seeks to explore the external and internal driving forces of the transformation and the responses of manufacturin g systems in terms of static architectures, dynamic mechanisms, and strategic ca pabilities in the evolutionary process. The paper Reviews recent researches on manufacturing internationalisation in dif ferent disciplines to gain a comprehensive picture about international manufactu ring system from different perspectives. Based on the empirical observations of industrial issues and difficulties, a further research framework is proposed to tackle wider issues in international manufacturing covering manufacturing value creation process, internationalisation process, and strategic alliance formatio n process. The paper argues that, besides deep research on three dimensions of international manufacturing system, development of strategy process to synthesis e these three processes is more important in the future research work. It sugge sts that it is necessary to enhance the collaboration between countries and disc iplines, and stimulate explorations of new frameworks that can provide more insi ghts about new manufacturing systems and foresights their development.展开更多
The trend of economic globalisation and advances in i nformation technology has led to the emergence of dispersed manufacturing system s as a form of the virtual organisation. New manufacturing strategy pays more at t...The trend of economic globalisation and advances in i nformation technology has led to the emergence of dispersed manufacturing system s as a form of the virtual organisation. New manufacturing strategy pays more at tention to the management of the total value chain and therefore puts emphasis o n outsourcing. In fact, outsourcing is an efficient way of utilizing available r esources and has become one key aspect of the manufacturing strategy. Improved d ecision and organization on outsourcing will result in cost production and short er lead-times. However, most concepts and practice of traditional outsourcing do not adapt to t he changing environment and meet increasing performance requirements. On the oth er hand, virtual organisations might display instability between pure outsourcin g and establishing alliance. Balance and trade-off between independent agents a nd creating alliance are thus required. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model to support decision-making, management and control on outsou rcing in a dispersed network manufacturing system and to discuss several key iss ues that are relevant to the relationship between the agents of the network. Dev elopment of the model will deploy Applied System Theory and will be built on fou ndations of earlier research on industrial management such the theories of Outso urcing, Order Entry Points, Design of Organisations and Logistic Control. The is sues that will be addressed in this paper are: · The selection of suppliers and co-makers; · Communication between suppliers and clients; · The mechanisms for profit-sharing between agents; · The product data management to integrate the knowledge of the different agent s into product design. Industrial companies will benefit from this research by the practical methods an d implementation extending their business models beyond concepts for outsourcing and alliances. Additionally, the exploration will lead to proactive contributio n of manufacturing during engineering, which would improve management and contro l of dispersed manufacturing systems.展开更多
With the increasingly fierce market competition,manufacturing enterprises have to continuously improve their competitiveness through their collaboration and labor division with each other,i.e.forming manufacturing ent...With the increasingly fierce market competition,manufacturing enterprises have to continuously improve their competitiveness through their collaboration and labor division with each other,i.e.forming manufacturing enterprise collaborative network(MECN)through their collaboration and labor division is an effective guarantee for obtaining competitive advantages.To explore the topology and evolutionary process of MECN,in this paper we investigate an empirical MECN from the viewpoint of complex network theory,and construct an evolutionary model to reproduce the topological properties found in the empirical network.Firstly,large-size empirical data related to the automotive industry are collected to construct an MECN.Topological analysis indicates that the MECN is not a scale-free network,but a small-world network with disassortativity.Small-world property indicates that the enterprises can respond quickly to the market,but disassortativity shows the risk spreading is fast and the coordinated operation is difficult.Then,an evolutionary model based on fitness preferential attachment and entropy-TOPSIS is proposed to capture the features of MECN.Besides,the evolutionary model is compared with a degree-based model in which only node degree is taken into consideration.The simulation results show the proposed evolutionary model can reproduce a number of critical topological properties of empirical MECN,while the degree-based model does not,which validates the effectiveness of the proposed evolutionary model.展开更多
Network economy had changed manufacturing environme nt at all. Open global market offer more choice to customer, and it become changea ble and unpredictable as consumers’ needs become more and more characteristic an ...Network economy had changed manufacturing environme nt at all. Open global market offer more choice to customer, and it become changea ble and unpredictable as consumers’ needs become more and more characteristic an d diversified. Various new technology coming forth and application accelerate th e rapid change of the market. The manufacturing enterprises were compelled t o change their strategy by the variability of the market, and time has been put to the all-important place. There is a need driven by the market to set up a ne twork design and manufacturing mode which have rapid market responsiveness. In order to meet the need for network manufacturing, the organization and manage ment of manufacturing enterprise need a completely innovation, next generation o f manufacturing system must have the character such as digitization, flexibility , agility, customization and globalization and so on. As for an enterprise in au to industry, how to gather together the orders through the distribution, and rap id produce the product which can meet the customer’s need, it is the key that th e contemporary enterprises succeed in the competitive market. The competitive market requires rapid product development. Close cooperation amo ng the designers will accelerate the product development by shortening the devel opment cycle, improving the product quality and reducing the investment. It has been emphasized in the methodology of concurrent engineering (CE). But sometimes those partners are distributed in the world, so there is a need for an importan t technology contribution to collaborative engineering, and supporting distribut ed designers for rapid product development. This paper focuses on a collaborative design system: Product Digit Collaborative Design System (PDCDS). The solution of PDCDS can make it more efficient and rel iable to visit teledata as well as we can get it from local database. It will be ease to get the newest design process information aided by PDCDS, and it will h ave higher efficiency by collaborative work. Comparing with other traditional Pr oduct Data Management (PDM) software system, PDCDS have some new characters such as group, dynamicness, synchronization or asynchronism working mode, and the hi story recorder is needed, and it also surport Webservice.展开更多
Trends toward the globalization of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demands for small-batch,short-cycle,and highly customized products result in complexities and fluctuations in both external and internal...Trends toward the globalization of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demands for small-batch,short-cycle,and highly customized products result in complexities and fluctuations in both external and internal manufacturing environments,which poses great challenges to manufacturing enterprises.Fortunately,recent advances in the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the widespread use of embedded processors and sensors in factories enable collecting real-time manufacturing status data and building cyber–physical systems for smart,flexible,and resilient manufacturing systems.In this context,this paper investigates the mechanisms and methodology of self-organization and self-adaption to tackle exceptions and disturbances in discrete manufacturing processes.Specifically,a general model of smart manufacturing complex networks is constructed using scale-free networks to interconnect heterogeneous manufacturing resources represented by network vertices at multiple levels.Moreover,the capabilities of physical manufacturing resources are encapsulated into virtual manufacturing services using cloud technology,which can be added to or removed from the networks in a plug-and-play manner.Materials,information,and financial assets are passed through interactive links across the networks.Subsequently,analytical target cascading is used to formulate the processes of self-organizing optimal configuration and self-adaptive collaborative control for multilevel key manufacturing resources while particle swarm optimization is used to solve local problems on network vertices.Consequently,an industrial case based on a Chinese engine factory demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model and method in handling typical exceptions.The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism and method outperform the event-triggered rescheduling method,reducing manufacturing cost,manufacturing time,waiting time,and energy consumption,with reasonable computational time.This work potentially enables managers and practitioners to implement active perception,active response,self-organization,and self-adaption solutions in discrete manufacturing enterprises.展开更多
Blockchain technology is considered one of the promising technologies of the information technology era.The core features of blockchain,such as decentralization,transparency,high security,and tamper-proof nature,bring...Blockchain technology is considered one of the promising technologies of the information technology era.The core features of blockchain,such as decentralization,transparency,high security,and tamper-proof nature,bring great convenience for large-scale social cooperation and data sharing.Blockchain has a broad application prospect in the field of intelligent manufacturing.The key issues of this field,such as distributed collaborative production,industrial big data sharing and security,transparent logistics,and supply chain,are naturally consistent with the core characteristics of the blockchain technology.This study aims to analyze the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.First,we introduce the basic connotation and applications of blockchain.Then,we propose the theoretical basis for the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.Finally,we point out the realistic plights and provide some suggestions to promote the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.展开更多
This paper presents the game of production technical standards between downstream and upstream suppliers on a manufacturing supply chain network when the two parties have different partnership densities, namely, the n...This paper presents the game of production technical standards between downstream and upstream suppliers on a manufacturing supply chain network when the two parties have different partnership densities, namely, the numbers of replaceable and mature manufacturing partners. We firstly constructed a manufacturing chain network and analyzed its three relationship structures among suppliers with the presence of different relationship densities, and found that all the three relationships brought about the game of production technical standards between partnership-rich and partnership-scanty suppliers. Then we built a two-party payoff matrix, and analyzed the two-party game and evolutionary stable strategy, based on replication dynamic equation and asymmetric evolutionary game theory. The evolutionary stable strategies of two parties under varying payoff parameters were validated through numerical simulation. Finally, we proposed some suggestions for both those manufacturers with more partners and fewer partners, respectively.展开更多
文摘Networked manufacturing is a primary management mod e of virtual enterprise. It takes advantage of advanced network technology to pass information and devise and assemble necessary components so as to reach a certa in specific purpose. The characteristics of it are dynamic, international and pr ompt. In contrast with traditional manufacturing, networked manufacturing utilizes external predominant resources, and breaks through tangible limits of enterpris e, so it can optimize the combination of social resources and improve the enterp rise′capability of adapting to the constantly changing market. Networked manufacturing produces some problems while bringing enterprise infin ite commercial chance. Compared with traditional manufacturing, stealing intelle ctual achievements and encroaching the related property rights not only becomes easier and quicker, but also leaves no traces when enterprises transfer informat ion through network. It′s well known that competition among corporations in the future is the on e of intellectual property in the final analysis. Therefore, recently, the statu s of intellectual property protection is promoted grandly. In the following parts, several proposals on protecting intellectual property ar e put forward in detail. We can protect the intellectual property by the ways of strengthening the consci ousness of protection. We can protect the intellectual property by perfecting the law. We will know which behaviors on the network are legitimate and which one are illegitimate. As a result, it can decrease and resolve the conflicts partially. Besides, the article puts forward that the conflicts can be resolved through a m edi-institution, an authoritative governmental organization. Moreover, we should strengthen the education on ethics. At last, the paper presents that we can protect our intellectual property throug h international cooperation.
文摘In recent decades, the world economy has been stron gl y driven by worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) of transnational corporati ons (TNCs). And business globalisation is leading to widespread re-structuring of international manufacturing systems in TNCs. However, still very little sys tematic research in manufacturing engineering or production/operations managemen t (P/O M) has focused on these new types of globalised manufacturing systems, an d little communication is organised between different academic disciplines such as manufacturing, management/ business studies, economics, geography, internatio nal development studies and so on. Many critical issues are still poorly unders tood and are not covered by current research agendas, for example: · properties of international manufacturing network systems in terms of structu ral architecture, dynamic mechanisms, strategic capabilities, strategy processes , new technology, and alliance relationships · knowledge management and organisational learning mechanisms in international manufacturing context, especially in globally coordinated networks at both intra - and inter- organisational levels · global economic trends, regional collaboration, national culture/identity, an d their impacts on industrial sector development, and company’s manufacturin g system design/re-structuring In industry, lack of global vision and appropriate strategies during internation alisation have become major barrier to the effective management of international operations. In academia, limited multi-discipline exchanges have inhibited de velopments not only in each area but also knowledge contribution to industry whi ch could arise from discipline integration. This paper, based on recent years case observations and action research work on manufacturing internationalisation, especially globalisation, introduces an evol utionary process of manufacturing systems. It seeks to explore the external and internal driving forces of the transformation and the responses of manufacturin g systems in terms of static architectures, dynamic mechanisms, and strategic ca pabilities in the evolutionary process. The paper Reviews recent researches on manufacturing internationalisation in dif ferent disciplines to gain a comprehensive picture about international manufactu ring system from different perspectives. Based on the empirical observations of industrial issues and difficulties, a further research framework is proposed to tackle wider issues in international manufacturing covering manufacturing value creation process, internationalisation process, and strategic alliance formatio n process. The paper argues that, besides deep research on three dimensions of international manufacturing system, development of strategy process to synthesis e these three processes is more important in the future research work. It sugge sts that it is necessary to enhance the collaboration between countries and disc iplines, and stimulate explorations of new frameworks that can provide more insi ghts about new manufacturing systems and foresights their development.
文摘The trend of economic globalisation and advances in i nformation technology has led to the emergence of dispersed manufacturing system s as a form of the virtual organisation. New manufacturing strategy pays more at tention to the management of the total value chain and therefore puts emphasis o n outsourcing. In fact, outsourcing is an efficient way of utilizing available r esources and has become one key aspect of the manufacturing strategy. Improved d ecision and organization on outsourcing will result in cost production and short er lead-times. However, most concepts and practice of traditional outsourcing do not adapt to t he changing environment and meet increasing performance requirements. On the oth er hand, virtual organisations might display instability between pure outsourcin g and establishing alliance. Balance and trade-off between independent agents a nd creating alliance are thus required. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model to support decision-making, management and control on outsou rcing in a dispersed network manufacturing system and to discuss several key iss ues that are relevant to the relationship between the agents of the network. Dev elopment of the model will deploy Applied System Theory and will be built on fou ndations of earlier research on industrial management such the theories of Outso urcing, Order Entry Points, Design of Organisations and Logistic Control. The is sues that will be addressed in this paper are: · The selection of suppliers and co-makers; · Communication between suppliers and clients; · The mechanisms for profit-sharing between agents; · The product data management to integrate the knowledge of the different agent s into product design. Industrial companies will benefit from this research by the practical methods an d implementation extending their business models beyond concepts for outsourcing and alliances. Additionally, the exploration will lead to proactive contributio n of manufacturing during engineering, which would improve management and contro l of dispersed manufacturing systems.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51475347 and 51875429).
文摘With the increasingly fierce market competition,manufacturing enterprises have to continuously improve their competitiveness through their collaboration and labor division with each other,i.e.forming manufacturing enterprise collaborative network(MECN)through their collaboration and labor division is an effective guarantee for obtaining competitive advantages.To explore the topology and evolutionary process of MECN,in this paper we investigate an empirical MECN from the viewpoint of complex network theory,and construct an evolutionary model to reproduce the topological properties found in the empirical network.Firstly,large-size empirical data related to the automotive industry are collected to construct an MECN.Topological analysis indicates that the MECN is not a scale-free network,but a small-world network with disassortativity.Small-world property indicates that the enterprises can respond quickly to the market,but disassortativity shows the risk spreading is fast and the coordinated operation is difficult.Then,an evolutionary model based on fitness preferential attachment and entropy-TOPSIS is proposed to capture the features of MECN.Besides,the evolutionary model is compared with a degree-based model in which only node degree is taken into consideration.The simulation results show the proposed evolutionary model can reproduce a number of critical topological properties of empirical MECN,while the degree-based model does not,which validates the effectiveness of the proposed evolutionary model.
文摘Network economy had changed manufacturing environme nt at all. Open global market offer more choice to customer, and it become changea ble and unpredictable as consumers’ needs become more and more characteristic an d diversified. Various new technology coming forth and application accelerate th e rapid change of the market. The manufacturing enterprises were compelled t o change their strategy by the variability of the market, and time has been put to the all-important place. There is a need driven by the market to set up a ne twork design and manufacturing mode which have rapid market responsiveness. In order to meet the need for network manufacturing, the organization and manage ment of manufacturing enterprise need a completely innovation, next generation o f manufacturing system must have the character such as digitization, flexibility , agility, customization and globalization and so on. As for an enterprise in au to industry, how to gather together the orders through the distribution, and rap id produce the product which can meet the customer’s need, it is the key that th e contemporary enterprises succeed in the competitive market. The competitive market requires rapid product development. Close cooperation amo ng the designers will accelerate the product development by shortening the devel opment cycle, improving the product quality and reducing the investment. It has been emphasized in the methodology of concurrent engineering (CE). But sometimes those partners are distributed in the world, so there is a need for an importan t technology contribution to collaborative engineering, and supporting distribut ed designers for rapid product development. This paper focuses on a collaborative design system: Product Digit Collaborative Design System (PDCDS). The solution of PDCDS can make it more efficient and rel iable to visit teledata as well as we can get it from local database. It will be ease to get the newest design process information aided by PDCDS, and it will h ave higher efficiency by collaborative work. Comparing with other traditional Pr oduct Data Management (PDM) software system, PDCDS have some new characters such as group, dynamicness, synchronization or asynchronism working mode, and the hi story recorder is needed, and it also surport Webservice.
基金This paper was funded by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2001201)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M712591)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Trends toward the globalization of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demands for small-batch,short-cycle,and highly customized products result in complexities and fluctuations in both external and internal manufacturing environments,which poses great challenges to manufacturing enterprises.Fortunately,recent advances in the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the widespread use of embedded processors and sensors in factories enable collecting real-time manufacturing status data and building cyber–physical systems for smart,flexible,and resilient manufacturing systems.In this context,this paper investigates the mechanisms and methodology of self-organization and self-adaption to tackle exceptions and disturbances in discrete manufacturing processes.Specifically,a general model of smart manufacturing complex networks is constructed using scale-free networks to interconnect heterogeneous manufacturing resources represented by network vertices at multiple levels.Moreover,the capabilities of physical manufacturing resources are encapsulated into virtual manufacturing services using cloud technology,which can be added to or removed from the networks in a plug-and-play manner.Materials,information,and financial assets are passed through interactive links across the networks.Subsequently,analytical target cascading is used to formulate the processes of self-organizing optimal configuration and self-adaptive collaborative control for multilevel key manufacturing resources while particle swarm optimization is used to solve local problems on network vertices.Consequently,an industrial case based on a Chinese engine factory demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model and method in handling typical exceptions.The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism and method outperform the event-triggered rescheduling method,reducing manufacturing cost,manufacturing time,waiting time,and energy consumption,with reasonable computational time.This work potentially enables managers and practitioners to implement active perception,active response,self-organization,and self-adaption solutions in discrete manufacturing enterprises.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71690230,71690235,and 71501055).
文摘Blockchain technology is considered one of the promising technologies of the information technology era.The core features of blockchain,such as decentralization,transparency,high security,and tamper-proof nature,bring great convenience for large-scale social cooperation and data sharing.Blockchain has a broad application prospect in the field of intelligent manufacturing.The key issues of this field,such as distributed collaborative production,industrial big data sharing and security,transparent logistics,and supply chain,are naturally consistent with the core characteristics of the blockchain technology.This study aims to analyze the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.First,we introduce the basic connotation and applications of blockchain.Then,we propose the theoretical basis for the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.Finally,we point out the realistic plights and provide some suggestions to promote the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Project of Tianjin(13ZLZLZF08900)
文摘This paper presents the game of production technical standards between downstream and upstream suppliers on a manufacturing supply chain network when the two parties have different partnership densities, namely, the numbers of replaceable and mature manufacturing partners. We firstly constructed a manufacturing chain network and analyzed its three relationship structures among suppliers with the presence of different relationship densities, and found that all the three relationships brought about the game of production technical standards between partnership-rich and partnership-scanty suppliers. Then we built a two-party payoff matrix, and analyzed the two-party game and evolutionary stable strategy, based on replication dynamic equation and asymmetric evolutionary game theory. The evolutionary stable strategies of two parties under varying payoff parameters were validated through numerical simulation. Finally, we proposed some suggestions for both those manufacturers with more partners and fewer partners, respectively.
