In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)-, <sup>1</sup>H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis were used for the screening of in vitro anti-inflammator...In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)-, <sup>1</sup>H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis were used for the screening of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity on three different germplasm accessions namely 11,341 (P), 11,248 (T) and 11,265 (H) of Malaysian Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) leaf. The anti-inflammatory activity by nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay in relation to the different harvesting ages and times of A. paniculata leaf was determined through comparison by partial least-squares analysis (PLS) using SIMCA-P. The PLS allowed the separation and correlation between the NO assay with the phytochemical present due to the effects of different harvesting ages and times. From the PLS plots, conclusions were drawn with respect to the correlation between A. paniculata leaf metabolites with the anti-inflammatory results which showed that 180 days after transplanting (DAT) of morning session for accessions T and H, and evening for P gave the highest anti-inflammatory activity.展开更多
Rice straw is a major kind of biomass that can be utilized as lignocellulosic materials and renewable energy.Rapid prediction of the lignocellulose(cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin)and organic elements(carbon,hydrog...Rice straw is a major kind of biomass that can be utilized as lignocellulosic materials and renewable energy.Rapid prediction of the lignocellulose(cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin)and organic elements(carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,and sulfur)of rice straw would help to decipher its growth mechanisms and thereby improve its sustainable usages.In this study,364 rice straw samples featuring different rice subspecies(japonica and indica),growing seasons(early-,middle-,and late-season),and growing environments(irrigated and rainfed)were collected,the differences among which were examined by multivariate analysis of variance.Statistic results showed that the cellulose content exhibited significant differences among different growing seasons at a significant level(p<0.01),and the contents of cellulose and nitrogen had significant differences between different growing environments(p<0.01).Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)models for predicting the lignocellulosic and organic elements were developed based on two algorithms including partial least squares(PLS)and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling-partial least squares(CARS-PLS).Modeling results showed that most CARS-PLS models are of higher accuracy than the PLS models,possibly because the CARS-PLS models selected optimal combinations of wavenumbers,which might have enhanced the signal of chemical bonds and thereby improved the predictive efficiency.As a major contributor to the applications of rice straw,the nitrogen content was predicted precisely by the CARS-PLS model.Generally,the CARS-PLS models efficiently quantified the lignocellulose and organic elements of a wide variety of rice straw.The acceptable accuracy of the models allowed their practical applications.展开更多
Objectives:The purpose of this paper was to construct a reliable methodology to discriminate the geographical origins of Chuanminshen violaceum Sheh et Shan planted in different regions in Sichuan,China.Materials and ...Objectives:The purpose of this paper was to construct a reliable methodology to discriminate the geographical origins of Chuanminshen violaceum Sheh et Shan planted in different regions in Sichuan,China.Materials and methods:Fatty acid profiles of roots and leaves of C.violaceum planted in various regions of Sichuan Province in China,namely Guangyuan(GY),Langzhong(LZ),Jintang(JT),Bazhong(BZ),and Shuangling(SL),were determined using GC-MS followed by multivariate statistical analyses,including orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis.Results:Leaves of C.violaceum showed the highest contents of hexadecatrienoic acid(3.21 g/kg),linoleic acid(6.62 g/kg),andα-linolenic acid(7.24 g/kg),which were all higher than those contained in roots.Chuanminshen violaceum samples collected from LZ,JT,and GY could be clearly distinguished based on fatty acid profiles of leaves and those collected from LZ,GY,and BZ could be clearly distinguished based on fatty acid profiles of roots.Conclusions:Chemometric method is used as a potential approach for analyses of fatty acid profiles of roots and leaves to control the quality of C.violaceum and their powered products.展开更多
文摘In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)-, <sup>1</sup>H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis were used for the screening of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity on three different germplasm accessions namely 11,341 (P), 11,248 (T) and 11,265 (H) of Malaysian Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) leaf. The anti-inflammatory activity by nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay in relation to the different harvesting ages and times of A. paniculata leaf was determined through comparison by partial least-squares analysis (PLS) using SIMCA-P. The PLS allowed the separation and correlation between the NO assay with the phytochemical present due to the effects of different harvesting ages and times. From the PLS plots, conclusions were drawn with respect to the correlation between A. paniculata leaf metabolites with the anti-inflammatory results which showed that 180 days after transplanting (DAT) of morning session for accessions T and H, and evening for P gave the highest anti-inflammatory activity.
基金We would like to acknowledge the support given by the Innovation Team Project of the Ministry of Education(IRT_17R105)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-36)Program for Changjiang Scholars.
文摘Rice straw is a major kind of biomass that can be utilized as lignocellulosic materials and renewable energy.Rapid prediction of the lignocellulose(cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin)and organic elements(carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,and sulfur)of rice straw would help to decipher its growth mechanisms and thereby improve its sustainable usages.In this study,364 rice straw samples featuring different rice subspecies(japonica and indica),growing seasons(early-,middle-,and late-season),and growing environments(irrigated and rainfed)were collected,the differences among which were examined by multivariate analysis of variance.Statistic results showed that the cellulose content exhibited significant differences among different growing seasons at a significant level(p<0.01),and the contents of cellulose and nitrogen had significant differences between different growing environments(p<0.01).Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)models for predicting the lignocellulosic and organic elements were developed based on two algorithms including partial least squares(PLS)and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling-partial least squares(CARS-PLS).Modeling results showed that most CARS-PLS models are of higher accuracy than the PLS models,possibly because the CARS-PLS models selected optimal combinations of wavenumbers,which might have enhanced the signal of chemical bonds and thereby improved the predictive efficiency.As a major contributor to the applications of rice straw,the nitrogen content was predicted precisely by the CARS-PLS model.Generally,the CARS-PLS models efficiently quantified the lignocellulose and organic elements of a wide variety of rice straw.The acceptable accuracy of the models allowed their practical applications.
基金This work was supported financially by the Education Department of Sichuan Province under Grant 17ZA0304.
文摘Objectives:The purpose of this paper was to construct a reliable methodology to discriminate the geographical origins of Chuanminshen violaceum Sheh et Shan planted in different regions in Sichuan,China.Materials and methods:Fatty acid profiles of roots and leaves of C.violaceum planted in various regions of Sichuan Province in China,namely Guangyuan(GY),Langzhong(LZ),Jintang(JT),Bazhong(BZ),and Shuangling(SL),were determined using GC-MS followed by multivariate statistical analyses,including orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis.Results:Leaves of C.violaceum showed the highest contents of hexadecatrienoic acid(3.21 g/kg),linoleic acid(6.62 g/kg),andα-linolenic acid(7.24 g/kg),which were all higher than those contained in roots.Chuanminshen violaceum samples collected from LZ,JT,and GY could be clearly distinguished based on fatty acid profiles of leaves and those collected from LZ,GY,and BZ could be clearly distinguished based on fatty acid profiles of roots.Conclusions:Chemometric method is used as a potential approach for analyses of fatty acid profiles of roots and leaves to control the quality of C.violaceum and their powered products.
