Gastric hamartomatous inverted polyps(GHIP)are difficult to diagnose accurately because of inversion into the submucosal layer.GHIP are diagnosed using the pathological characteristics of the tumor,including the fibro...Gastric hamartomatous inverted polyps(GHIP)are difficult to diagnose accurately because of inversion into the submucosal layer.GHIP are diagnosed using the pathological characteristics of the tumor,including the fibroblast cells,smooth muscle,nerve components,glandular hyperplasia,and cystic gland dilatation.Although Peutz-Jeghers syndrome,juvenile polyposis,and Cowden disease are hereditary,it is rare to encounter 2 cases of monostotic and asymptomatic gastric hamartomas.The pathogeneses of hamartomatous inverted polyps and inverted hyperplastic polyps remain controversial because of the paucity of reported cases.There are 3 hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of complete gastric inverted polyps.Based on our experience with 2 successive,rare GHIP cases,we affirm the hypothesis that after a hamartomatous change occurs in the submucosal layer,some of these components are exposed to the gastric mucosa and,consequently,form a hypertrophic lesion.In Case 1,our hypothesis explains why a tiny hypertrophic change was first detected on the top of the submucosal tumor using a detailed narrow band imaging-magnified endoscopy.There was no confirmation that the milky white mucous and calcification structures were exuding directly from the biopsy site like Case 1,and in Case 2 the presence of this mucous was indirectly confirmed during an endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Regarding the pathogenesis of GHIP,a submucosal hamartomatous change may occur prior to the growth of hypertrophic portions.An en bloc resection using ESD is recommended for treatment.展开更多
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)occurred in December 2019,in Wuhan,China,the COVID-19 has spread to 216 countries,areas,and territories and killed mo...Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)occurred in December 2019,in Wuhan,China,the COVID-19 has spread to 216 countries,areas,and territories and killed more than 400,000 people worldwide.On March 11,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared COVID-19 a pandemic.The pathological findings of COVID-19 by postmortem biopsy were first reported in April 2020.Since then,there have been many publications regarding the postmortem pathological findings of different organs of COVED-19 patients.Well-performed systemic autopsy examination on patients with related diseases,acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus has provided critical infomiation for better understanding the pathogenesis of the emerging infectious diseases in the past Au overview on the importance and guidelines of postmortem examination on suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients is presented.展开更多
文摘Gastric hamartomatous inverted polyps(GHIP)are difficult to diagnose accurately because of inversion into the submucosal layer.GHIP are diagnosed using the pathological characteristics of the tumor,including the fibroblast cells,smooth muscle,nerve components,glandular hyperplasia,and cystic gland dilatation.Although Peutz-Jeghers syndrome,juvenile polyposis,and Cowden disease are hereditary,it is rare to encounter 2 cases of monostotic and asymptomatic gastric hamartomas.The pathogeneses of hamartomatous inverted polyps and inverted hyperplastic polyps remain controversial because of the paucity of reported cases.There are 3 hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of complete gastric inverted polyps.Based on our experience with 2 successive,rare GHIP cases,we affirm the hypothesis that after a hamartomatous change occurs in the submucosal layer,some of these components are exposed to the gastric mucosa and,consequently,form a hypertrophic lesion.In Case 1,our hypothesis explains why a tiny hypertrophic change was first detected on the top of the submucosal tumor using a detailed narrow band imaging-magnified endoscopy.There was no confirmation that the milky white mucous and calcification structures were exuding directly from the biopsy site like Case 1,and in Case 2 the presence of this mucous was indirectly confirmed during an endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Regarding the pathogenesis of GHIP,a submucosal hamartomatous change may occur prior to the growth of hypertrophic portions.An en bloc resection using ESD is recommended for treatment.
文摘Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)occurred in December 2019,in Wuhan,China,the COVID-19 has spread to 216 countries,areas,and territories and killed more than 400,000 people worldwide.On March 11,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared COVID-19 a pandemic.The pathological findings of COVID-19 by postmortem biopsy were first reported in April 2020.Since then,there have been many publications regarding the postmortem pathological findings of different organs of COVED-19 patients.Well-performed systemic autopsy examination on patients with related diseases,acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus has provided critical infomiation for better understanding the pathogenesis of the emerging infectious diseases in the past Au overview on the importance and guidelines of postmortem examination on suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients is presented.
