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Effects of SLA-DQA Gene on Birth Weight and 30-Day-Old Weight in Piglets 被引量:1
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作者 ZHANG Dong-jie 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2010年第2期8-9,共2页
The genetic polymorphism of SLA-DQA gene was investigated by PCR-RFLP. The effects of SLA.DQA gene on birth weight and 30-day-old weight were analyzed in 250 individuals of FI hybrid pig ( Heilongjiang wild boar x Be... The genetic polymorphism of SLA-DQA gene was investigated by PCR-RFLP. The effects of SLA.DQA gene on birth weight and 30-day-old weight were analyzed in 250 individuals of FI hybrid pig ( Heilongjiang wild boar x Beijing Black sow). The analysis revealed four poly- morphic loci in the SLA-DQA gene, but only the Pvu II locus in exon 2 of SLA-DQA gene ( BB genotype) greatly increased the 30-day-old weight of piglets. 展开更多
关键词 SLA-DQA gene pig Birth weight 30-day-old weight PCR-RFLP
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A novel approach based on a modified mask R-CNN for the weight prediction of live pigs
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作者 Chuanqi Xie Yuji Cang +4 位作者 Xizhong Lou Hua Xiao Xing Xu Xiangjun Li Weidong Zhou 《Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture》 2024年第2期19-28,共10页
Since determining the weight of pigs during large-scale breeding and production is challenging,using non-contact estimation methods is vital.This study proposed a novel pig weight prediction method based on a mod-ifie... Since determining the weight of pigs during large-scale breeding and production is challenging,using non-contact estimation methods is vital.This study proposed a novel pig weight prediction method based on a mod-ified mask region-convolutional neural network(mask R-CNN).The modified approach used ResNeSt as the backbone feature extraction network to enhance the image feature extraction ability.The feature pyramid net-work(FPN)was added to the backbone feature extraction network for multi-scale feature fusion.The channel at-tention mechanism(CAM)and spatial attention mechanism(SAM)were introduced in the region proposal network(RPN)for the adaptive integration of local features and their global dependencies to capture global in-formation,ultimately improving image segmentation accuracy.The modified network obtained a precision rate(P),recall rate(R),and mean average precision(MAP)of 90.33%,89.85%,and 95.21%,respectively,effectively segmenting the pig regions in the images.Five image features,namely the back area,body length,body width,average depth,and eccentricity,were investigated.The pig depth images were used to build five regression algo-rithms(ordinary least squares(OLS),AdaBoost,CatBoost,XGBoost,and random forest(RF))for weight value pre-diction.AdaBoost achieved the best prediction result with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.987,a mean absolute error(MAE)of 2.96 kg,a mean square error(MSE)of 12.87 kg^(2),and a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 8.45%.The results demonstrated that the machine learning models effectively predicted the weight values of the pigs,providing technical support for intelligent pig farm management. 展开更多
关键词 Deep learning Modified mask R-CNN Image processing pig weight PREDICTION
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Cost-benefit Analysis of Scale Pig Breeding in Shandong Province Based on Modified Entropy Weight-TOPSIS Model
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作者 Yuanyuan ZHANG Shimin SUN 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2014年第8期21-25,共5页
According to the relevant statistical data in National Agricultural cost-benefit Data Compilation(2001- 2013),we use the modified entropy weight- TOPSIS model to research the cost-benefit status of scale pig breeding ... According to the relevant statistical data in National Agricultural cost-benefit Data Compilation(2001- 2013),we use the modified entropy weight- TOPSIS model to research the cost-benefit status of scale pig breeding in Shandong Province from the perspective of comparing it with that of the entire country and 9 other main pig producing areas. The results show that compared with the national average,the cost-benefit ratio of small scale pig breeding in Shandong Province is lower,while the cost-benefit ratio of medium scale and large scale pig breeding is significantly improved; the cost-benefit ratio of small scale pig breeding in Shandong Province is basically the same as that in 9 other main pig producing areas,while the cost-benefit ratio of medium scale and large scale pig breeding is higher; the output value of main products and the purchase price of piglet are two major bottlenecks restricting the cost-benefit improvement of scale pig breeding in Shandong Province. 展开更多
关键词 pig SCALE BREEDING COST-BENEFIT analysis TOPSIS mo
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猪胴体重在线分级预测线性回归模型研究
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作者 陈鲁晟 陈祺祥 +3 位作者 陈玉仑 王胜 李毅念 李春保 《南京农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期803-808,共6页
[目的]针对国内大多数屠宰企业仍通过人工测量猪胴体背膘厚度,再结合胴体重对其进行分级,存在劳动强度大、作业效率低、人畜交叉污染风险高等问题,本文旨在建立猪胴体重预测模型,以便利用图像处理等技术获取模型中的相关参数,进而获得... [目的]针对国内大多数屠宰企业仍通过人工测量猪胴体背膘厚度,再结合胴体重对其进行分级,存在劳动强度大、作业效率低、人畜交叉污染风险高等问题,本文旨在建立猪胴体重预测模型,以便利用图像处理等技术获取模型中的相关参数,进而获得胴体重。[方法]在14:00—15:00、15:20—16:20、16:30—17:30三个时段内,随机选取按照标准化工艺屠宰后15 min左右、胴体重50~90 kg的猪胴体60头,在完成各试样前腿处横长(L_(f))、1/2处横长(L_( 1/2))、后腿处横长(L_(r))、1/2处背膘厚度(t_(1/2))、胴体直长(L_(t))及胴体重(w)等参数测定的基础上,建立不同的胴体重预测模型并进行优化及准确率验证。[结果]采用横长加权均值(L_(e))代替背膘厚度,与直长建立的胴体重预测模型为w=4.05L_(e)+0.45 L_(t)-116.32,其决定系数由0.48提高到0.96(P=0.01),预测准确率最高达94.16%。[结论]采用横长加权均值减小了误差,建立的猪胴体重预测模型准确性较其他模型高。 展开更多
关键词 猪胴体重 特征参数 预测 线性回归 模型
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基于熵权TOPSIS法的云南省地方猪养殖企业竞争力研究
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作者 贾雁岭 夏飞龙 +2 位作者 孙强 李新荣 杨馨 《畜牧与饲料科学》 2024年第4期50-57,共8页
[目的]调查分析云南省地方猪养殖企业竞争力状况,为增强其竞争力提供参考。[方法]基于波特价值链理论,结合地方猪养殖企业的行业特征和数据的可得性,从企业资本、人力资源、生产状况和科技水平4个维度构建了包含20项指标的地方猪养殖企... [目的]调查分析云南省地方猪养殖企业竞争力状况,为增强其竞争力提供参考。[方法]基于波特价值链理论,结合地方猪养殖企业的行业特征和数据的可得性,从企业资本、人力资源、生产状况和科技水平4个维度构建了包含20项指标的地方猪养殖企业竞争力评价指标体系,利用2020年云南省9个州(市)15家地方猪养殖企业的调查数据,采用熵权TOPSIS法对受调查企业的竞争力进行评价。[结果]①就企业竞争力综合水平而言,云南省地方猪养殖企业竞争力综合水平介于0.1024~0.6340,平均值为0.3687,标准差为0.1498。其中,企业7的得分最高,为0.6340,达到良好水平;企业12的得分最低,为0.1024,处于较差水平。②就各分项的权重和水平而言,企业资本的权重最高,为37%,其次是生产状况和科技水平,权重均为24%,最后是人力资源,权重为15%。企业资本水平平均值为0.3463,标准差为0.1842,变异系数为0.5319;人力资源水平平均值为0.3777,标准差为0.1837,变异系数为0.4864;生产状况水平平均值为0.3782,标准差为0.1418,变异系数为0.3749;科技水平平均值为0.3407,标准差为0.2216,变异系数为0.6504。[结论]云南省地方猪养殖企业竞争力相对较弱,没有企业达到优质水平,仅有1家企业达到良好,绝大多数企业处于中等及以下水平。各企业的人力资源和生产状况水平相对较好且企业间的差距较小,但权重较高的企业资本和科技水平相对较弱且企业间差距较大。为增强云南省地方猪养殖企业竞争力,应以地方猪优良品种保护和开发为核心,支持龙头企业发展,建立自有品牌,促进养殖科技创新。 展开更多
关键词 云南省 熵权TOPSIS法 地方猪 企业竞争力
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不同屠宰体重对三元杂交猪屠宰性能及胴体品质的影响
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作者 郑名喜 《福建畜牧兽医》 2024年第5期37-40,共4页
试验旨在讨论不同屠宰体重对三元杂交猪(杜×长×大)屠宰性能及胴体品质的影响。选择同一饲养环境下的去势公猪,按照屠宰体重分为4组:110 kg(G1组)、125 kg(G2组)、140 kg(G3组)、150 kg(G4组),共计16头猪。结果表明:1)屠宰性能... 试验旨在讨论不同屠宰体重对三元杂交猪(杜×长×大)屠宰性能及胴体品质的影响。选择同一饲养环境下的去势公猪,按照屠宰体重分为4组:110 kg(G1组)、125 kg(G2组)、140 kg(G3组)、150 kg(G4组),共计16头猪。结果表明:1)屠宰性能:G4组胴体直长、胴体斜长、头重均显著高于G1组(P<0.05);G3背膘厚显著高于G1组和G4组(P<0.05);G3组及G4组板油重显著高于G1和G2(P<0.05);对其他指标无显著性影响(P>0.05)。2)胴体品质:G3组肉色评分(德、美)和大理石纹评分显著高于其他三组(P<0.05);G4组滴水损失显著高于G1组(P<0.05);G2组嫩度显著高于G4组(P<0.05)。综上,屠宰体重110~150 kg的三元杂交猪在屠宰指标及胴体品质上差异显著。140~150 kg的屠宰体重对肉色、纹理和外观有积极影响,但150 kg的屠宰体重会增加滴水损失;125 kg的屠宰体重可能在嫩度上表现更佳。适宜的屠宰体重为125~140 kg。 展开更多
关键词 三元杂交猪 杜×长×大 屠宰体重 屠宰性能 胴体品质
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Genome-Wide Association Study for Certain Carcass Traits and Organ Weights in a Large White×Minzhu Intercross Porcine Population 被引量:4
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作者 LIU Xin WANG Li-gang +5 位作者 LIANG Jing YAN Hua ZHAO Ke-bin LI Na ZHANG Long-chao WANG Li-xian 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第12期2721-2730,共10页
Porcine carcass traits and organ weights have important economic roles in the swine industry. A total of 576 animals from a Large White×Minzhu intercross population were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K... Porcine carcass traits and organ weights have important economic roles in the swine industry. A total of 576 animals from a Large White×Minzhu intercross population were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K Beadchip and were phenotyped for 10 traits, speciifcally, backfat thickness (6-7 libs), carcass length, carcass weight, foot weight, head weight, heart weight, leaf fat weight, liver weight, lung weight and slaughter body weight. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) was assessed by Genome Wide Rapid Association using the mixed model and regression-genomic control approach. A total of 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (with the most signiifcant SNP being MARC0033464, P value=6.80×10-13) were located in a 9.76-Mb (31.24-41.00 Mb) region on SSC7 and were found to be signiifcantly associated with one or more carcass traits and organ weights. High percentage of phenotypic variance explanation was observed for each trait ranging from 31.21 to 67.42%. Linkage analysis revealed one haplotype block of 495 kb, in which the most signiifcant SNP being MARC0033464 was contained, on SSC7 at complete linkage disequilibrium. Annotation of the pig reference genome suggested 6 genes (GRM4, HMGA1, NUDT3, RPS10, SPDEF and PACSIN1) in this candidate linkage disequilibrium (LD) interval. Functional analysis indicated that the HMGA1 gene presents the prime biological candidate for carcass traits and organ weights in pig, with potential application in breeding programs. 展开更多
关键词 genome-wide association study (GWAS) carcass trait HMGA1 gene organ weight pig
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Association of CYP19A1 gene polymorphisms with reproductive traits in pigs 被引量:2
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作者 ZHOU Rong YANG Ya-lan +3 位作者 LIU Ying CHEN Qi-mei CHEN Jie LI Kui 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第7期1558-1565,共8页
Porcine reproductive traits are characterized by low heritability, making improvement by traditional selective breeding rather difficult. Molecular breeding offers powerful approaches to overcome previous limitations ... Porcine reproductive traits are characterized by low heritability, making improvement by traditional selective breeding rather difficult. Molecular breeding offers powerful approaches to overcome previous limitations and is expected to generate economic benefits via progress in pig breeding. Cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamilyA polypeptide 1 (CYP19A1) gene is a key enzyme of estradiol biosynthesis that plays an important role in the establishment of gestation and maintenance of pregnancy. In this study, the sequence and structure characteristics of the porcine CYP19A1 gene was analyzed and expression patterns of CYP19A 1 in different tissues of adult female pigs were detected. Fourteen single-nucleotide poly- morphisms (SNPs) in the exons and introns of porcine CYP19A1 were identified and genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform, after which the allele frequency of each SNP was analyzed..The association between CYP19A1 SNPs and litter size and piglet birth weight was assessed in a crossbred pig population (n=375). The expression pattern of CYPf9A1 revealed that it was highly expressed in the ovary, spleen, and uterus and lowly expressed in the other tissues. Moreover, one SNP, rs341891833, was significantly associated with piglet birth weight during the multiparity period (P〈0.01). We concluded that CYP19A1 could be used as a candidate molecular marker in breeding aimed at rapid improvement of the reproductive characteristics of pigs. 展开更多
关键词 CYP19A 1 pig REPRODUCTION birth weight single nucleotide polymorphism
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Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds 被引量:1
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作者 M.Vázquez-Gómez C.García-Contreras +4 位作者 L.Torres-Rovira S.Astiz C.óvilo A.González-Bulnes B.Isabel 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第3期674-688,共15页
Background: The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to con... Background: The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to consequences in its meat and carcass quality. The current study involved a total of 80 litters from Iberian sows fed a diet fulfilling daily requirements(n = 47; control) or providing 70% daily requirements(n = 33; underfed) from d 38 to d 90 of gestation when fetal tissue development begins. After birth, piglets born live were classified as low birthweight(LBW; < 1 kg) and normal birth-weight(NBW; ≥1 kg). During the growing phase, 240 control and 230 underfed pigs(50% males and females) distributed by BW category and sex were studied until the slaughter.Results: At birth and weaning, there were significant differences in all morphological measures and weight between NBW and LBW piglets as expected(P < 0.0005), but few effects of the gestational feed restriction. During the growing phase, NBW pigs continued with higher weight than LBW pigs on all the days of evaluation(P < 0.05),even though control-LBW-females and LBW-males showed a catch-up growth. However, underfed pigs showed slower growth and higher feed conversion ratio than control pigs(P < 0.0001) at 215 days old. Moreover, the average daily weight gain(ADWG) for the overall period was greater for NBW, male and control pigs than for their LBW, female and underfed pigs(P < 0.0001, P< 0.0005 and P< 0.05, respectively) and NBW pigs were slaughtered at a younger age than LBW pigs(P < 0.0001). After slaughtering, control pigs also had higher carcass yield and backfat depth than underfed pigs(P < 0.0005) and the maternal nutritional effect caused main changes in the polar lipid fraction of liver and loin. The fatty acid composition of loin in control pigs had higher C18:1 n-9 and n-3 FA concentrations, as well as lower ∑n-6/∑n-3 ratio, than in underfed pigs(P < 0.005).Conclusions: In brief, results showed that the effects of maternal nutritional restriction appeared and increased with offspring age, causing worse developmental patterns for underfed pigs than for control pigs. 展开更多
关键词 CARCASS quality FATTY acids Feed RESTRICTION Growth Iberian pigs Low BIRTH-weight MALNUTRITION
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Morphological characterization of indigenous and crossbred pigs in rural and peri-urban areas of southwestern Nigeria
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作者 Adeniyi Charles Adeola Saidu O. Oseni Ofelia Galma Omitogun 《Open Journal of Animal Sciences》 2013年第3期230-235,共6页
We sought to determine morphological descriptors of Nigerian indigenous pigs (NIP) and crossbred pigs (CBP) based on relationships among live weight (LW) and a suite of 18 morphometric measurements plus the number of ... We sought to determine morphological descriptors of Nigerian indigenous pigs (NIP) and crossbred pigs (CBP) based on relationships among live weight (LW) and a suite of 18 morphometric measurements plus the number of teats. We sampled four locations in southwestern Nigeria and obtained data for a total of 120 NIP and CBP. More female pigs (61.7%) than males (38.3%) were sampled, and they had a mean live weight of 19.9 ± 6.10 kg (range 9 - 32 kg) and 20.1 ± 6.08 kg (range 8 - 37 kg), respectively. The NIP had a longer snout, wider head and longer erect ears than CBP (P 2) of 0.97, 0.92, 0.96, 0.97, 0.91, 0.97, 0.97, 0.90, and 0.93, respectively (all P 2 = 0.93;P 2 = 0.96;P 2 = 0.84;P 2 = 0.94; 展开更多
关键词 NIGERIAN Indigenous pigS Live weight MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTORS Relationship
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屠宰体重对大型迪庆藏猪产肉性能、肌肉品质及经济效益的影响 被引量:2
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作者 董新星 李昕鹏 +5 位作者 聂靖茹 刘诗意 王莉兴 徐红萍 严达伟 马黎 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》 北大核心 2023年第22期57-62,共6页
为了研究屠宰体重对大型迪庆藏猪产肉性能、肌肉品质和经济效益的影响,试验选择胎次相同、出生日期相近的已去势并断奶的大型迪庆藏猪仔猪36头,随机分为1,2,3组进行育肥试验,分别在体重达40,80,120 kg左右时屠宰,测定育肥性能(平均日增... 为了研究屠宰体重对大型迪庆藏猪产肉性能、肌肉品质和经济效益的影响,试验选择胎次相同、出生日期相近的已去势并断奶的大型迪庆藏猪仔猪36头,随机分为1,2,3组进行育肥试验,分别在体重达40,80,120 kg左右时屠宰,测定育肥性能(平均日增重、料重比)、屠宰性能(屠宰体重、胴体重、胴体直长、胴体斜长、平均背膘厚、6~7肋间膘厚、皮厚、眼肌面积、屠宰率、板油率、皮率、骨率、瘦肉率、脂肪率)、肌肉品质(pH1值、肉色、大理石纹、失水率、熟肉率、滴水损失),计算母猪头均年提供肥猪数、猪肉(胴体)量,分析不同屠宰体重的大型迪庆藏猪经济效益。结果表明:试验2,3组全试验期平均日增重极显著高于试验1组(P<0.01);全试验期料重比随体重增加而增加;试验3组屠宰体重、胴体重、胴体直长、胴体斜长、平均背膘厚、6~7肋间膘厚、板油率极显著高于试验1,2组(P<0.01),试验2组极显著高于试验1组(P<0.01);试验3组皮厚极显著高于试验1组(P<0.01),显著高于试验2组(P<0.05);试验3组眼肌面积极显著或显著高于试验1,2组(P<0.01或P<0.05),试验2组显著高于试验1组(P<0.05);试验1组皮率、骨率极显著高于试验3组(P<0.01),显著高于试验2组(P<0.05);试验1组瘦肉率极显著高于试验2,3组(P<0.01);试验2,3组脂肪率、大理石纹极显著高于试验1组(P<0.01);试验1组失水率和滴水损失显著高于试验3组(P<0.05),与试验2组差异不显著(P>0.05);试验1组熟肉率极显著高于试验3组(P<0.01),试验2组显著高于试验3组(P<0.05)。试验猪场母猪头均年提供育肥猪数分别为12.11,11.98,12.05头,试验1,2,3组母猪头均年提供猪肉(胴体)量分别为317.59,689.06,1001.77 kg;试验1,2,3组全试验期头均毛利分别为210.67,310.27,294.11元,其中试验2组全试验期头均毛利最高。说明大型迪庆藏猪在80 kg左右时屠宰其肉品质和经济效益较好。 展开更多
关键词 迪庆藏猪 屠宰体重 产肉性能 肌肉品质 经济效益 平均日增重 头均毛利
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Preliminary Measurement of Internal Organs of Congjiang Fragrance Pig and Huanjiang Fragrance Pig
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作者 Shen Xuelin Duan Yongbang +1 位作者 Zhang Yi Liu Peiqiong 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2014年第4期209-211,共3页
Fragrance pig is a famous miniature local breed in China,which is similar to human on the aspects of physical structure,anatomy,nutrition,metabolism and blood biochemical indicators. The internal organs of Congjiang f... Fragrance pig is a famous miniature local breed in China,which is similar to human on the aspects of physical structure,anatomy,nutrition,metabolism and blood biochemical indicators. The internal organs of Congjiang fragrance pig and Huanjiang fragrance pig with different month ages were weighed. The results showed that the proportion of stomach in body weight in Congjiang fragrance pig was higher than that in Min pig,Harbin white and Landrace,and the proportion of large intestine in body weight in Congjiang fragrance pig was also higher than that in ordinary pigs; the weights of heart,liver and kidney in 8- 10 months old Congjiang fragrance pig were similar to that in Chinese adults. This provided reference data for future in-depth development and utilization of fragrance pig. 展开更多
关键词 Congjiang fragrance pig Huanjiang fragrance pig Internal organs weight measurement
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屠宰体重对莱芜黑猪胴体性能及肉品质影响 被引量:6
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作者 郭建凤 孙延晓 魏述东 《畜牧兽医杂志》 2023年第5期7-10,共4页
选择87~128 kg体重阶段的莱芜黑猪20头屠宰(10头去势公猪,10头母猪),研究不同屠宰体重试验猪的胴体性能和肉品质。结果表明:平均背膘厚和脂肪率都以121~128 kg阶段最高,分别比87~103 kg、104~112 kg阶段提高24.03%(p<0.01)、8.86%(p&... 选择87~128 kg体重阶段的莱芜黑猪20头屠宰(10头去势公猪,10头母猪),研究不同屠宰体重试验猪的胴体性能和肉品质。结果表明:平均背膘厚和脂肪率都以121~128 kg阶段最高,分别比87~103 kg、104~112 kg阶段提高24.03%(p<0.01)、8.86%(p>0.05)、14.42%(P<0.05)、1.45%(P>0.05);眼肌面积以121~128 kg阶段最高,比104~112 kg阶段提高15.05%(P<0.05);瘦肉率、剪切力都以87~103 kg阶段最高,分别比104~112 kg、121~128 kg阶段提高8.96%(P<0.05)、10.83%(P<0.05)、9.72%(P>0.05)、47.07%(P<0.05);丙氨酸和酪氨酸都以87~103 kg体重阶段最高,分别比121-128 kg阶段提高26.73%(P<0.05)、19.18%(P<0.05);缬氨酸和苯丙氨酸也都以87~103 kg体重阶段最高,分别比104~112 kg、121-128 kg阶段提高16.28%(P<0.01)、17.65%(P<0.01)、19.32%(P<0.01)、16.67%(P<0.01)。其它指标不同屠宰体重间差异不显著。 展开更多
关键词 莱芜黑猪 屠宰体重 胴体性能 肉质 氨基酸 脂肪酸
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松雷黑猪及巴克夏黑猪不同屠宰体重胴体性能测定及分析
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作者 刘越 张净博 +3 位作者 张琪 孙武胜 罗婷婷 张迪 《养猪》 2023年第4期43-47,共5页
本研究旨在探讨不同种类不同屠宰体重黑猪的胴体性能的比较分析;对肌肉内水分、脂肪含量进行测定并分析变化情况;对不同体重的内脏器官在不同时期的重量变化进行分析。选择同一饲养环境和管理条件下的52头黑猪,包括松雷黑猪28头、巴克... 本研究旨在探讨不同种类不同屠宰体重黑猪的胴体性能的比较分析;对肌肉内水分、脂肪含量进行测定并分析变化情况;对不同体重的内脏器官在不同时期的重量变化进行分析。选择同一饲养环境和管理条件下的52头黑猪,包括松雷黑猪28头、巴克夏黑猪24头且公母各半。结果表明:松雷黑猪的屠宰前体重、屠宰率、胴体长、胴体高、胸围、6~7肋骨膘厚、平均膘厚、瘦肉率、骨骼率、头重、蹄重、尾重均小于巴克夏黑猪;松雷黑猪的6~7肋骨皮厚、眼肌面积、脂肪率、皮率均大于巴克夏黑猪。松雷黑猪和巴克夏黑猪的肌肉内水分的含量基本相近,松雷黑猪的肌内脂肪含量大于巴克夏黑猪。 展开更多
关键词 黑猪 屠宰体重 胴体性能 相关性
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柯乐猪和大白猪胎盘发育与繁殖性能的相关性分析 被引量:5
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作者 胡光玲 申涛 +3 位作者 伍治敏 谭元成 张依裕 敖政 《畜牧与兽医》 CAS 北大核心 2023年第6期1-10,共10页
旨在探讨柯乐猪与大白猪胎盘组织形态及营养转运、血管生成、抗氧化应激和细胞凋亡与其繁殖性能差异的相关性。比较大白猪与柯乐猪窝均产仔数、产活仔率、初生重、胎盘绒毛数量、血管数量,以及胎盘营养转运、血管生成、抗氧化应激、细... 旨在探讨柯乐猪与大白猪胎盘组织形态及营养转运、血管生成、抗氧化应激和细胞凋亡与其繁殖性能差异的相关性。比较大白猪与柯乐猪窝均产仔数、产活仔率、初生重、胎盘绒毛数量、血管数量,以及胎盘营养转运、血管生成、抗氧化应激、细胞凋亡相关基因的mRNA表达水平。结果显示:柯乐猪的窝均产仔数、产活仔率和平均初生重均显著低于大白猪(P<0.05);通过组织形态学分析发现,柯乐猪胎盘相较于大白猪表现为绒毛数量不足和发育不良;实时荧光定量PCR显示,柯乐猪胎盘中葡萄糖转运基因溶质载体家族2成员1(SLC2A1)和氨基酸转运基因溶质载体家族38成员10(SLC38A10),抗氧化应激相关基因铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),抗细胞凋亡基因B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(BCL-2)的转录水平显著低于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05),而脂肪酸转运蛋白4(FATP4)的转录水平显著高于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05);柯乐猪胎盘中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、CAT酶活性显著低于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05),而活性氧(ROS)自由基水平显著高于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05);通过TUNEL分析显示,柯乐猪胎盘组织的细胞凋亡水平极显著高于大白猪胎盘(P<0.01)。结论:胎盘组织形态发育不良以及营养转运、抗氧化、抗凋亡能力不足可能是造成柯乐猪胎儿数量少和初生重低的重要原因,这可为探究柯乐猪繁殖性能的调控机制提供重要依据。 展开更多
关键词 柯乐猪 初生重 胎盘 营养转运 抗氧化应激
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Feeding Effect of Growing-Finishing Pigs under Fine Division of Feeding Stages
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作者 Dongliang DUAN Xiumei MU +5 位作者 Shuhua WANG Jianghua DAN Xiaoliang CHENG Fulin JIAO Jinbao WANG Hongzheng REN 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2017年第9期67-71,共5页
In order to study the feeding effect of fine division of feeding stages on the growing-finishing pigs,96 healthy Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire hybrid commercial pigs with similar age in days,size,and body weig... In order to study the feeding effect of fine division of feeding stages on the growing-finishing pigs,96 healthy Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire hybrid commercial pigs with similar age in days,size,and body weight about 15 kg,half boars and half sows,randomly divided into3 treatments( each treatment repeated 4 times,and each repetition 8 pigs). According to the body weight division standard,three stages,four stages,and five stages of feeding were adopted separately. The daily ration of with different nutrition levels was used,body weight and feed consumption were measured,and effects of different feeding methods on body weight increase,feed utilization,and economic benefits of growing-finishing pigs. The results showed that compared with the three-stage feeding,the body weight of five-stage and four-stage feeding increased by 4. 18%( P < 0. 01) and 2. 41%( P < 0. 05),respectively,and the body weight of five-stage feeding increased by 1. 74%( P < 0. 05) compared with that of four-stage feeding; the daily feed consumption of five-stage and four-stage feeding increased 3. 10%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 70%(P <0. 01),respectively,and the daily feed consumption of five-stage feeding was 1. 37% higher than that of four-stage feeding. The feed cost of five-stage feeding and four-stage feeding increased 3. 32%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 61%( P < 0. 05) separately,and the feed cost of five-stage feeding was 1. 69% higher than that of four-stage feeding( P < 0. 01). The income from average body weight increase of five-stage and fourstage feeding increased by 5. 47%( P < 0. 01) and 3. 59%( P < 0. 01) respectively,and the benefit of average body weight increase of fivestage feeding was 1. 81% higher than that of four-stage feeding( P > 0. 05). The crude protein consumption from average body weight increase of five-stage and four-stage feeding decreased by 2. 28%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 68%( P < 0. 01),respectively; the crude protein consumption from average body weight increase of five-stage feeding was 0. 67% lower than that of four-stage feeding; the feed conversion ratio of five-stage feeding,four-stage feeding,and three-stage feeding was 2. 92,2. 93,and 2. 95 respectively. The results showed that compared with the threestage feeding,the four-stage and five-stage feeding could significantly increase the body weight of the growing-finishing pigs,improve the feed utilization level and improve the economic benefits,and the effect of five-stage feeding was better than the four-stage feeding. 展开更多
关键词 Growing-finishing pigs Multi-stage feeding Body weight increasing degree Feed conversion ratio Income of average body weight increase Crude protein consumption from average body weight increase
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生猪体尺检测和体重预估方法研究进展 被引量:5
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作者 杜晓冬 李笑笑 +4 位作者 樊士冉 闫之春 丁向东 杨季凡 张丽萍 《中国畜牧杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第1期41-46,56,共7页
本文综述了国内外猪的体尺测量、体重预估的研究进展,以“猪”、“体尺测量”、“体重预估”、“机器视觉”为关键词,对近20年相关文献进行检索,分别从机器视觉、三维点云2个角度对文献进行梳理总结。结果表明:通过机器视觉技术测量猪... 本文综述了国内外猪的体尺测量、体重预估的研究进展,以“猪”、“体尺测量”、“体重预估”、“机器视觉”为关键词,对近20年相关文献进行检索,分别从机器视觉、三维点云2个角度对文献进行梳理总结。结果表明:通过机器视觉技术测量猪的体尺、体重方法可以解决传统测量方法中造成猪只应激、人工效率低下等问题,而机器视觉技术中的三维点云重建是未来重点发展的趋势之一,通过点云数据可以直接提取猪的体尺和体积参数,减少外部环境对拍摄造成的影响,可提高检测精度。另外,从社会和经济等角度考虑,将机器视觉技术与养殖行业结合将具有良好的发展前景,未来建立更健全的智能养殖系统,增加更多智能化养殖设备的研发对实现规模化生产、集约化经营的畜牧业至关重要。 展开更多
关键词 体尺 体重 机器视觉 三维点云
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基于双流跨模态特征融合模型的群养生猪体质量测定
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作者 何威 米阳 +2 位作者 刘刚 丁向东 李涛 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第S01期275-282,329,共9页
针对生猪体质量准确测定问题,提出了一种跨模态特征融合模型(Cross-modality feature fusion ResNet, CFF-ResNet),充分利用可见光图像的纹理轮廓信息与深度图像的空间结构信息的互补性,实现了群养环境中无接触的生猪体质量智能测定。首... 针对生猪体质量准确测定问题,提出了一种跨模态特征融合模型(Cross-modality feature fusion ResNet, CFF-ResNet),充分利用可见光图像的纹理轮廓信息与深度图像的空间结构信息的互补性,实现了群养环境中无接触的生猪体质量智能测定。首先,采集并配准俯视猪圈的可见光与深度图像,并通过EdgeFlow算法对每一只目标生猪个体进行由粗到细的像素级分割。然后,基于ResNet50网络构建双流架构模型,通过内部插入门控形成双向连接,有效地结合可见光流和深度流的特征,实现跨模态特征融合。最后,双流分别回归出生猪体质量预估值,通过均值合并得到最终的体质量测定值。在试验中,以某种公猪场群养生猪为数据采集对象,构建了拥有9 842对配准可见光和深度图像的数据集,包括6 909对训练数据和2 933对测试数据。本研究所提出模型在测试集上的平均绝对误差为3.019 kg,平均准确率为96.132%。与基于可见光和基于深度的单模态基准模型相比,该模型体质量测定精度更高,其在平均绝对误差上分别减少18.095%和12.569%。同时,该模型体质量测定精度优于其他现有生猪体质量测定方法:常规图像处理模型、改进EfficientNetV2模型、改进DenseNet201模型和BotNet+DBRB+PFC模型,在平均绝对误差上分别减少46.272%、14.403%、8.847%和11.414%。试验结果表明,该测定模型能够有效学习跨模态的特征,满足了生猪体质量测定的高精度要求,为群养环境中生猪体质量测定提供了技术支撑。 展开更多
关键词 群养生猪 体质量测定 双流网络 特征融合 跨模态学习
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荣昌猪初产繁殖性状的全基因组关联研究 被引量:5
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作者 吴平先 陈力 +5 位作者 龙熙 柴捷 张廷焕 徐顺来 郭宗义 王金勇 《畜牧兽医学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第1期103-112,共10页
旨在鉴定荣昌猪初产繁殖性状的重要变异位点和基因,为荣昌猪繁殖性状的遗传改良提供重要的分子标记和基因资源。本研究选取429头荣昌母猪进行猪50K芯片基因分型,经过质量控制和基因型填充后,保留35 046个SNPs用于分析。采用主成分分析... 旨在鉴定荣昌猪初产繁殖性状的重要变异位点和基因,为荣昌猪繁殖性状的遗传改良提供重要的分子标记和基因资源。本研究选取429头荣昌母猪进行猪50K芯片基因分型,经过质量控制和基因型填充后,保留35 046个SNPs用于分析。采用主成分分析法研究群体结构,利用混合线性模型(mixed-linear model, MLM)将出生年、出生月作为固定效应,将主成分值作为协变量对总产仔数、活产仔数、死胎数和初生窝重性状进行全基因组关联分析(GWAS)。结果显示,在全基因组显著水平上鉴定出2个影响荣昌猪初生窝重的SNPs和1个影响荣昌猪死胎数的SNP;在潜在显著水平上鉴定到5个影响荣昌猪总产仔数的SNPs, 3个影响荣昌猪活产仔数的SNPs和10个影响荣昌猪死胎数的SNPs。通过全基因组关联分析筛选到1个显著的SNP(SSC17:57 315 180 bp)同时影响荣昌猪总产仔数、活产仔数和初生窝重,1个显著的SNP(SSC1:279 214 647 bp)同时影响荣昌猪活产仔数和总产仔数,暗示基因在不同性状间具有一因多效性。本研究根据候选基因的相关分子生物学功能,确定BMP7基因为影响荣昌猪总产仔数、活产仔数和初生窝重的重要候选基因,MSH3和CBLB基因为影响荣昌猪死胎数的重要候选基因。以上结果为荣昌猪繁殖性状提供了重要的遗传变异位点和候选基因,也为荣昌猪繁殖性状的基因组选择提供了重要的理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 荣昌猪 全基因组关联分析 产仔数 死胎数 初生窝重
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海南地方猪内脏器官的解剖学比较分析
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作者 林燕宁 任钰为 +4 位作者 洪玲玲 黄潇仙 孙瑞萍 王峰 晁哲 《养猪》 2023年第2期51-57,共7页
为了研究海南地方猪的器官解剖学特征,获得不同海南地方猪种器官的基础性数据,试验通过称重、解剖测量并进行统计分析,获得海南地方猪器官的相对重量和长宽比。结果显示,定安猪的肾脏(双肾)相对重量显著高于其他3种海南地方猪;五指山猪... 为了研究海南地方猪的器官解剖学特征,获得不同海南地方猪种器官的基础性数据,试验通过称重、解剖测量并进行统计分析,获得海南地方猪器官的相对重量和长宽比。结果显示,定安猪的肾脏(双肾)相对重量显著高于其他3种海南地方猪;五指山猪的肾脏(双肾)相对重量显著低于其他3种海南地方猪;临高猪的脾脏相对重量显著高于墩头猪;定安猪的肝脏(含胆)的相对重量显著高于临高猪和五指山猪。五指山猪的心脏长宽比显著高于定安猪;墩头猪的肾脏长宽比显著高于其他3种海南地方猪;五指山猪的肾脏长宽比显著高于定安猪。本研究成功获得海南地方猪4种器官的形态特征和发育情况,为下一步开展基因组和转录组差异分析提供表型数据支撑。 展开更多
关键词 五指山猪 定安猪 器官相对重量 心脏
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