The 13th Five-Year Plan of Anhui Province for Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control('Plan'),jointly prepared by the Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Department,Anhui Provincial Development and ...The 13th Five-Year Plan of Anhui Province for Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control('Plan'),jointly prepared by the Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Department,Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission and Anhui Provincial Commission of Economy and Information Technology with technical support from展开更多
Observation-based method for O_(3)formation sensitivity research is an important tool to analyze the causes of ground-level O_(3)pollution,which has broad application potentials in determining the O_(3)pollution forma...Observation-based method for O_(3)formation sensitivity research is an important tool to analyze the causes of ground-level O_(3)pollution,which has broad application potentials in determining the O_(3)pollution formation mechanism and developing prevention and control strategies.This paper outlined the development history of research on O_(3)formation sensitivity based on observational methods,described the principle and applicability of the methodology,summarized the relative application results in China and provided recommendations on the prevention and control of O_(3)pollution in China based on relevant study results,and finally pointed out the shortcomings and future development prospects in this field in China.The overview study showed that the O_(3)formation sensitivity in some urban areas in China in recent years presented a gradual shifting tendency from the VOC-limited regime to the transition regime or the NO_(x)-limited regime due to the implementation of the O_(3)precursors emission reduction policies;O_(3)pollution control strategies and precursor control countermeasures should be formulated based on local conditions and the dynamic control capability of O_(3)pollution control measures should be improved.There are still some current deficiencies in the study field in China.Therefore,it is recommended that a stereoscopic monitoring network for atmospheric photochemical components should be further constructed and improved;the atmospheric chemical mechanisms should be vigorously developed,and standardized methods for determining the O_(3)formation sensitivity should be established in China in the near future.展开更多
As a new window of opening up to the outside world in the new era,the establishment of Free Trade Zones(FTZs)in China is an important national strategy for promoting high-quality economic development wherein the preve...As a new window of opening up to the outside world in the new era,the establishment of Free Trade Zones(FTZs)in China is an important national strategy for promoting high-quality economic development wherein the prevention and control of pollution is an important hurdle to be surmounted throughout the process.Based on data taken from model cities for environmental protection in China from 2008 to 2017,given the effect of policy spillover,this study considers the establishment of FTZs to be a"quasinatural experiment."It uses the general analysis paradigm of spatial difference-indifference(DID)to systematically examine the impact of FTZs on air pollution as well as to conduct an in-depth analysis of their spatial heterogeneity and mechanism of action.The study shows that the establishmentofFTZs significantlyreduces the concentration of air pollutants in cities.If the spatial DID method is adopted to measure the policy spillover effect of the establishment of free trade zones,urban air pollutants declines by 12%to 17%,while the estimated result using the traditional DID method is only 7%.The establishment of FTZs significantly alleviates air pollution in neighboring non-pilot cities as well.Based on the range of the spillover effect from the center of the FTZ,it is found that the average spatial spillover effect presents as an inverted"U"curve as the research radius increases,with an optimal policy spillover effect radius of about 200km,while the policy spillover effect between pilot cities remains poor.The establishment of an FTZ not only improves the local atmospheric environment by promoting industrial structure optimization and green technology innovation in pilot cities but also generates a spillover effect on neighboring non-pilot cities through the same mechanism,thus contributing to improving the atmospheric environment in those non-pilot cities.These findings remain valid following a series of robustness tests such as the spatial parallel trend test and the placebo test.This study offers an answer to the key question of whether free trade zone policy can truly promote high-quality economic development in the new era.It provides useful policy insights for further expanding opening up,winning the battle for the prevention and control of pollution,and promoting the high-quality development of China's economy.展开更多
The success in compiling China's Civil Code benefits from factors such as China's complete system of civil law statutes,the methodology of the Pandekten System,and the private-law attributes of civil laws,etc....The success in compiling China's Civil Code benefits from factors such as China's complete system of civil law statutes,the methodology of the Pandekten System,and the private-law attributes of civil laws,etc.To construct the framework of China's environmental code,it is necessary to reference that success for theoretical and structural innovations.In addition,the fundamental features and inherent issues of China's existing environmental law system,such as its breadth,the extensiveness of origins of environmental law,the multiple implication of environmental legal relations,and the compound nature of the environmental legal liability system,should be taken into account.The layout structure of"General-Specifics"should be adopted for compiling China's environmental code,while moderate codification and extraction of the common factor(vor die Klammer zu ziehen)for connection with applicable rules of specific laws should serve as construction principles and methods for compiling the framework of China's environmental code.The environmental code should have five parts:"General";"Pollution Prevention and Control";"Nature Conservation";"Green and Low-Carbon Development";and"Ecological and Environmental Responsibility."展开更多
文摘The 13th Five-Year Plan of Anhui Province for Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control('Plan'),jointly prepared by the Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Department,Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission and Anhui Provincial Commission of Economy and Information Technology with technical support from
基金supported by the National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control(No.DQGG202121)the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z181100005418015)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42075094)the National Research Program for Key Issue in Air Pollution Control(No.DQGG2021101)。
文摘Observation-based method for O_(3)formation sensitivity research is an important tool to analyze the causes of ground-level O_(3)pollution,which has broad application potentials in determining the O_(3)pollution formation mechanism and developing prevention and control strategies.This paper outlined the development history of research on O_(3)formation sensitivity based on observational methods,described the principle and applicability of the methodology,summarized the relative application results in China and provided recommendations on the prevention and control of O_(3)pollution in China based on relevant study results,and finally pointed out the shortcomings and future development prospects in this field in China.The overview study showed that the O_(3)formation sensitivity in some urban areas in China in recent years presented a gradual shifting tendency from the VOC-limited regime to the transition regime or the NO_(x)-limited regime due to the implementation of the O_(3)precursors emission reduction policies;O_(3)pollution control strategies and precursor control countermeasures should be formulated based on local conditions and the dynamic control capability of O_(3)pollution control measures should be improved.There are still some current deficiencies in the study field in China.Therefore,it is recommended that a stereoscopic monitoring network for atmospheric photochemical components should be further constructed and improved;the atmospheric chemical mechanisms should be vigorously developed,and standardized methods for determining the O_(3)formation sensitivity should be established in China in the near future.
基金supported by"Research on the Collaborative Mechanism between Corporate EnvironmentalRl esponsibility and Government Environmental Responsibility,"a key project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research sponsored by the Ministry of Education(No.19 JZD024)"Research on the Impact Mechanism of Market Based Policy Tools on the Energy-Economy-Environment Systemand Policy Evaluation Basedon the MBls-CGE Model,"a general project sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71774053).
文摘As a new window of opening up to the outside world in the new era,the establishment of Free Trade Zones(FTZs)in China is an important national strategy for promoting high-quality economic development wherein the prevention and control of pollution is an important hurdle to be surmounted throughout the process.Based on data taken from model cities for environmental protection in China from 2008 to 2017,given the effect of policy spillover,this study considers the establishment of FTZs to be a"quasinatural experiment."It uses the general analysis paradigm of spatial difference-indifference(DID)to systematically examine the impact of FTZs on air pollution as well as to conduct an in-depth analysis of their spatial heterogeneity and mechanism of action.The study shows that the establishmentofFTZs significantlyreduces the concentration of air pollutants in cities.If the spatial DID method is adopted to measure the policy spillover effect of the establishment of free trade zones,urban air pollutants declines by 12%to 17%,while the estimated result using the traditional DID method is only 7%.The establishment of FTZs significantly alleviates air pollution in neighboring non-pilot cities as well.Based on the range of the spillover effect from the center of the FTZ,it is found that the average spatial spillover effect presents as an inverted"U"curve as the research radius increases,with an optimal policy spillover effect radius of about 200km,while the policy spillover effect between pilot cities remains poor.The establishment of an FTZ not only improves the local atmospheric environment by promoting industrial structure optimization and green technology innovation in pilot cities but also generates a spillover effect on neighboring non-pilot cities through the same mechanism,thus contributing to improving the atmospheric environment in those non-pilot cities.These findings remain valid following a series of robustness tests such as the spatial parallel trend test and the placebo test.This study offers an answer to the key question of whether free trade zone policy can truly promote high-quality economic development in the new era.It provides useful policy insights for further expanding opening up,winning the battle for the prevention and control of pollution,and promoting the high-quality development of China's economy.
文摘The success in compiling China's Civil Code benefits from factors such as China's complete system of civil law statutes,the methodology of the Pandekten System,and the private-law attributes of civil laws,etc.To construct the framework of China's environmental code,it is necessary to reference that success for theoretical and structural innovations.In addition,the fundamental features and inherent issues of China's existing environmental law system,such as its breadth,the extensiveness of origins of environmental law,the multiple implication of environmental legal relations,and the compound nature of the environmental legal liability system,should be taken into account.The layout structure of"General-Specifics"should be adopted for compiling China's environmental code,while moderate codification and extraction of the common factor(vor die Klammer zu ziehen)for connection with applicable rules of specific laws should serve as construction principles and methods for compiling the framework of China's environmental code.The environmental code should have five parts:"General";"Pollution Prevention and Control";"Nature Conservation";"Green and Low-Carbon Development";and"Ecological and Environmental Responsibility."
