Background:Women working in manufacturing are exposed to harmful chemicals and gases;environmental and psychosocial factors such as stress,anxiety,and burnout severely affect their reproductive health.Like physiologic...Background:Women working in manufacturing are exposed to harmful chemicals and gases;environmental and psychosocial factors such as stress,anxiety,and burnout severely affect their reproductive health.Like physiological factors,psychosocial factors equality disrupts women’s reproductive health who are working in such aversive circumstances.Method:The current study is a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist.The primary sources of articles were central databases such as SCOPUS,Web of Science,PubMed,and others.Cambridge Quality Checklist was used to measure the quality of the review articles.Result:A total of 14 articles were found eligible for the review;5 studies were on occupational health in general,3 studies addressed menstrual distress,3 studies on pregnancy,and 3 on menopausal issues.Pandemic experiences increase the health risk with the rise in food and financial insecurity among manufacturing workers.Conclusion:Psychosocial factors such as stress,anxiety,loneliness,discrimination,and depression are associated with a risk to reproductive health.The uncertainty caused by the pandemic was a major stressor for the manufacturing workers in India.The findings would represent significant challenges and factors affecting women’s reproductive health.Proper interventions and measures could be taken to regulate health risks.展开更多
The pathogenesis of Functional Dyspepsia （FD） remains unclear, appears diverse and is thus inadequately understood. Akin to other functional gastrointestinal disorders, research has demonstrated an association betwe...The pathogenesis of Functional Dyspepsia （FD） remains unclear, appears diverse and is thus inadequately understood. Akin to other functional gastrointestinal disorders, research has demonstrated an association between this common diagnosis and psychosocial factors and psychiatric morbidity. Conceptualising the relevance of these factors within the syndrome of FD requires application of the biopsychosocial model of disease. Using this paradigm, dysregulation of the reciprocal communication between the brain and the gut is central to symptom generation, interpretation and exacerbation. Appreciation and understanding of the neurobiological correlates of various psychological states is also relevant. The view that psychosocial factors exert their influence in FD predominantly through motivation of health care seeking also persists. This appears too one-dimensional an assertion in light of the evidence available supporting a more intdnsic aetiological link. Evolving understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and the heterogeneous nature of the syndrome will facilitate effective management. Co-morbid psychiatric illness warrants treatment with conventional therapies. Acknowledging the relevance of psychosocial variables in FD, the degree of which is subject to vadation, has implications for assessment and management. Available evidence suggests psychological therapies may benefit FD patients particularly those with chronic symptoms. The rationale for use of psychotropic medications in FD is apparent but the evidence base to support the use of antidepressant pharmacotherapy is to date limited.展开更多
Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents worldwide.Its etiopathogenesis results from the interplay of genetic and environmental variables.Among the latter,psychologica...Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents worldwide.Its etiopathogenesis results from the interplay of genetic and environmental variables.Among the latter,psychological stress has been implicated in disease onset as well as disease management.Various studies,including large population-based studies,have highlighted the role of stressful life events in the etiopathogenesis of T1D.In this article,we also emphasize the importance of attachment in the early child-caregiver relationship,which can be seen as a measure of the quality of the relationship and is crucial for stress and emotional regulation.It serves as a model for all subsequent relationships in one’s life.We summarize some of the few studies performed in the field of attachment and T1D etiopathogenesis or management.T1D management demands a lifelong therapeutic regimen to prevent acute and chronic complications.In addition to psychological stress,psychological factors such as family functioning,developmental adjustment,autonomy,mental health problems and other factors have been found to relate to metabolic control.Psychological factors need to be understood not as a single directional causality-based principle but as a dynamic bi-or multidirectional system that is affected by the normal developmental transitions of childhood and adolescence.展开更多
In this issue of the Journal of Geriatric Cardiology,the article of Yu, et al1 presents an intriguing issue in the field of hypertension treatment and pathophysiology.……
Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of psychosocial factors on the treatment of elderly patients with hypertension. Methods Atotalof 260 elderly Chinese patients with hypertension were treated...Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of psychosocial factors on the treatment of elderly patients with hypertension. Methods Atotalof 260 elderly Chinese patients with hypertension were treated with benazepril alone or benazepril combined with amlodipine for 8 weeks. The target blood pressure (BP) (both <140 mmHg systolic, SBP, and <90 mmHg diastolic, DBP) was achieved in 180 patients, who were then assigned to the well-controlled BP group;the rest were placed in the modestly controlled BP group. The psychosocial factors present in both groups were assessed by the Hamilton depression scale, Hamilton anxiety scale, life event scale and social support evaluation list before and after anti-hypertensive treatment. Results There were no significant differences in gender, mean age, hist ory of hypertension, education and smoking habit, or in SBP and DBP between the groups before treatment. Significant differences were also not found in all psychosocial factors before and after treatment in the patients. However, significant differences were found between the groups with respect to post-treatment SBP and marital status. The patients with modestly controlled BP had significantly higher scores, as well as incidents, on the depressive, anxiety, and stressful life event scales than those with well-controlled BP. The patients with well-controlled BP had significantly higher scores in tangible support, subjective support, and social support compared to the patients with modestly controlled BP. Logistic regression analysis showed the independent contribution of psychosocial factors in reaching the goal of lowering BP at treatment endpoint in these hypertensive patients. Conclusions The results suggest that psychosocial factors stand as a main barrier to achieving the BP-lowering target in the management of elderly Chinese patients with hypertension.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2007;4:202-207.)展开更多
BACKGROUND Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder,characterized by episodes of intense pruritus,elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin,and near-norma...BACKGROUND Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder,characterized by episodes of intense pruritus,elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin,and near-normal-glutamyl transferase.These episodes may persist for weeks to months before spontaneously resolving,with patients typically remaining asymptomatic between occurrences.Diagnosis entails the evaluation of clinical symptoms and targeted genetic testing.Although BRIC is recognized as a benign genetic disorder,the triggers,particularly psychosocial factors,remain poorly understood.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old Chinese man presented with recurrent jaundice and pruritus after a cold,which was exacerbated by self-medication involving vitamin B and paracetamol.Clinical and laboratory evaluations revealed elevated levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes,in the absence of viral or autoimmune liver disease.Imaging excluded biliary and pancreatic abnormalities,and liver biopsy demonstrated centrilobular cholestasis,culminating in a BRIC diagnosis confirmed by the identification of a novel ATP8B1 gene mutation.Psychological assessment of the patient unveiled stress attributable to academic and familial pressures,regarded as potential triggers for BRIC.Initial relief was observed with ursodeoxycholic acid and cetirizine,followed by an adjustment of the treatment regimen in response to elevated liver enzymes.The patient's condition significantly improved following a stress-related episode,thanks to a comprehensive management approach that included psychosocial support and medical treatment.CONCLUSION Our research highlights genetic and psychosocial influences on BRIC,emphasizing integrated diagnostic and management strategies.展开更多
This comprehensive review explores the intricate dynamics between psychosocial factors and chronic wound healing processes, specifically focusing on prevalent conditions such as pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, ...This comprehensive review explores the intricate dynamics between psychosocial factors and chronic wound healing processes, specifically focusing on prevalent conditions such as pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, and venous leg ulcers. By examining the roles of psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this paper illuminates how these factors intricately influence wound healing dynamics, including mechanisms of pain perception and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we evaluate the effectiveness of integrated biopsychosocial interventions, which encompass a holistic approach to wound care, thereby enhancing healing outcomes for dermatology patients. Future studies should focus on investigating the specific psychosocial determinants that significantly influence wound healing, exploring novel therapeutic strategies, and implementing personalized interventions to meet the unique needs of each patient. Such endeavors hold promise in advancing the fields of psychodermatology and wound management, fostering a deeper understanding and application of psychosocial considerations in dermatological care.展开更多
Introduction: Occupational stress is a significant health concern in the work-place, constituting a prevalent psychosocial risk. Due to its specific nature, the oil industry is perceived as a high psychosocial risk zo...Introduction: Occupational stress is a significant health concern in the work-place, constituting a prevalent psychosocial risk. Due to its specific nature, the oil industry is perceived as a high psychosocial risk zone. This study aimed to correlate the perceived stress level with the identified psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs) among employees of an oil company in Congo-Brazzaville. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted between July and September 2021 among employees of an oil company. They were recruited during their routine medical check-ups. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), respectively to assess stress and identify PSRFs. Results: Out of the sample, 203 workers were included. The majorities were males (81.3%), and the average age of participants was 39.5 ± 9.62 years. The frequency of perceived stress was 39.4%, and 40% of the workers were exposed to at least 3 PSRFs. A positive correlation was observed between perceived stress and workload (r = 0.37, p Conclusion: The study revealed that employees of this company exhibited a high level of stress. The detrimental impact of certain PSRFs was highlighted. A multidisciplinary intervention appears imperative to address these inherent risks in their professional environment.展开更多
Scope of the Conference:The main theme is EAST MEETS WEST-Job Stress Prevention in a Global Perspective.The aspects covered will encom-pass strategies and methods of assessing,preventing and controlling job-related st...Scope of the Conference:The main theme is EAST MEETS WEST-Job Stress Prevention in a Global Perspective.The aspects covered will encom-pass strategies and methods of assessing,preventing and controlling job-related stress and its effects on health in different settings all over the world.Language:English(Some sessions will be offered also in Japanese).Topics:(1)New methodology in Occupational Health Psychology;(2)Recent trends in work organization and their impact on worker health;展开更多
BACKGROUND The tinnitus susceptibility patterns in relation to different psychological and life stressors are unknown in different cultures.AIM To determine the comorbid psychosocial factors and behaviors associated w...BACKGROUND The tinnitus susceptibility patterns in relation to different psychological and life stressors are unknown in different cultures.AIM To determine the comorbid psychosocial factors and behaviors associated with tinnitus and the predictors for the increase in its severity.METHODS Participants were 230 adults(males=70;females=160;mean age=38.6±3.3).They underwent audiograms,speech discrimination and masking testing,and neuropsychiatric evaluation.Measures used for assessment included tinnitus handicap inventory,depression anxiety stress scale 21(DASS-21),perceived stress scale(PSS),and insomnia severity index(ISI).RESULTS Patients had mean duration of tinnitus of 11.5±2.5 mo.They had intact hearing perception at 250-8000 Hz and 95(41.3%)had aggravation of tinnitus loudness by masking noise.Decompensated tinnitus was reported in 77%(n=177).The majority had clinically significant insomnia(81.3%),somatic symptoms(75%)other than tinnitus and perceived moderate(46.1%)and high(44.3%)stress to tinnitus.The severe/extremely severe symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress were reported in 17.4%,35.7%and 44.3%,respectively.Patients with decompensated type had significantly higher scores for ISI(P=0.001)and DASS-21(depression=0.02,anxiety=0.01,stress=0.001)compared to those with compensated tinnitus.Psychiatric interviewing showed that 35.7%had non-specific anxiety disorder,17.4%had major depression,and 19.6%fulfilled the criteria of somatization disorder.Multivariate analysis showed that the only independent predictors for tinnitus severity were the duration of tinnitus[odd ratios(OR)=0.832,95%CI:0.640-1.158;P=0.001]and PSS(OR=0.835,95%CI:0.540-1.125;P=0.001)scores.CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study in our culture to evaluate the causal relationship between psychological factors and tinnitus onset,severity and persistence.Tinnitus could be the earliest and dominant somatic symptom induced by life stressors and psychological vulnerabilities.Therefore,multidisciplinary consultation(psychologists,psychiatrists,and neurologists)is important to acknowledge among the audiologists and otolaryngologists who primarily consult patients.展开更多
From a pure motor disorder of the bowel,in the past few years,irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has become a multifactorial disease that implies visceral hypersensitivity,alterations at the level of nervous and humoral c...From a pure motor disorder of the bowel,in the past few years,irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has become a multifactorial disease that implies visceral hypersensitivity,alterations at the level of nervous and humoral communications between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system,alteration of the gut microflora,an increased intestinal permeability and minimum intestinal inflammation.Psychological and social factors can interfere with the communication between the central and enteric nervous systems,and there is proof that they are involved in the onset of IBS and influence the response to treatment and outcome.There is evidence that abuse history and stressful life events are involved in the onset of functional gastrointestinal disorders.In order to explain clustering of IBS in families,genetic factors and social learning mechanisms have been proposed.The psychological features,such as anxiety,depression as well as the comorbid psychiatric disorders,health beliefs and coping of patients with IBS are discussed in relation to the symptoms and outcome.展开更多
Aims:This study aimed to determine if people with cancer(PWC)exhibit a unique COVID-19 risk perception profile and identify psychosocial factors characterizing PWC who do not conform to the majority risk perception pr...Aims:This study aimed to determine if people with cancer(PWC)exhibit a unique COVID-19 risk perception profile and identify psychosocial factors characterizing PWC who do not conform to the majority risk perception profile.Procedure:A cross-sectional online self-questionnaire study was conducted in France from April 25 to May 07,2020,with a sample(n=748)comprising PWC,individuals not currently receiving cancer treatment,and those without a history of cancer.Latent profiles of COVID-19 risk perception(PCRP)were established.Methods:A multivariate multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the association between cancer status and PCRP membership.Characteristics of PWC across different profiles were compared.Results:Four profiles emerged,ranging from Low-Risk to High-Risk Perceivers.PWC were more likely to belong to the High-Risk Perceivers profile(aOR:3.02;p<0.001).PWC not conforming to this profile had a higher perceived socioeconomic level(PSL)(p<0.05).The majority of PWC demonstrated a specific COVID-19 risk perception profile,mainly influenced by medical knowledge linking cancer to increased COVID-19 severity.PSL was a key determinant in shaping risk perception among PWC.Conclusion:Interventions targeting COVID-19 risk perception modification should consider these factors,with particular emphasis on addressing concerns related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.展开更多
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore what extent male amateur soccer players participate in off-field activities and whether these off-field activities are associated with the development of hamstring inju...Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore what extent male amateur soccer players participate in off-field activities and whether these off-field activities are associated with the development of hamstring injuries.Methods Amateur soccer players(n=399)from first-class selection teams(n=32)filled out a baseline screening question-naire concerning off-field activities(i.e.,work and study type and hours,traveling time,sleep,energy costs,and time spent on other activities)and their history of hamstring injury as a part of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.Throughout one competition,the players reported weekly their hamstring injuries,which were verified by medical/technical staff.Multivari-able Firth corrected logistic regression models were used to explore associations between off-field activities and hamstring injuries.Results Sixty-five hamstring injuries were recorded.Previous injury was significantly associated with hamstring injuries(OR ranging from 1.94[95%CI 1.45-2.61]to 2.02[95%CI 1.49-2.73]),but off-field activities were not.Conclusion Although amateur soccer players spent a relatively large amount of time on off-field activities,we did not find off-field activities measured at baseline to be associated with hamstring injuries in the subsequent competitive soccer season.In contrast,previous hamstring injury was found to be strongly associated with(recurrent)hamstring injuries.展开更多
文摘Background:Women working in manufacturing are exposed to harmful chemicals and gases;environmental and psychosocial factors such as stress,anxiety,and burnout severely affect their reproductive health.Like physiological factors,psychosocial factors equality disrupts women’s reproductive health who are working in such aversive circumstances.Method:The current study is a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist.The primary sources of articles were central databases such as SCOPUS,Web of Science,PubMed,and others.Cambridge Quality Checklist was used to measure the quality of the review articles.Result:A total of 14 articles were found eligible for the review;5 studies were on occupational health in general,3 studies addressed menstrual distress,3 studies on pregnancy,and 3 on menopausal issues.Pandemic experiences increase the health risk with the rise in food and financial insecurity among manufacturing workers.Conclusion:Psychosocial factors such as stress,anxiety,loneliness,discrimination,and depression are associated with a risk to reproductive health.The uncertainty caused by the pandemic was a major stressor for the manufacturing workers in India.The findings would represent significant challenges and factors affecting women’s reproductive health.Proper interventions and measures could be taken to regulate health risks.
文摘The pathogenesis of Functional Dyspepsia （FD） remains unclear, appears diverse and is thus inadequately understood. Akin to other functional gastrointestinal disorders, research has demonstrated an association between this common diagnosis and psychosocial factors and psychiatric morbidity. Conceptualising the relevance of these factors within the syndrome of FD requires application of the biopsychosocial model of disease. Using this paradigm, dysregulation of the reciprocal communication between the brain and the gut is central to symptom generation, interpretation and exacerbation. Appreciation and understanding of the neurobiological correlates of various psychological states is also relevant. The view that psychosocial factors exert their influence in FD predominantly through motivation of health care seeking also persists. This appears too one-dimensional an assertion in light of the evidence available supporting a more intdnsic aetiological link. Evolving understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and the heterogeneous nature of the syndrome will facilitate effective management. Co-morbid psychiatric illness warrants treatment with conventional therapies. Acknowledging the relevance of psychosocial variables in FD, the degree of which is subject to vadation, has implications for assessment and management. Available evidence suggests psychological therapies may benefit FD patients particularly those with chronic symptoms. The rationale for use of psychotropic medications in FD is apparent but the evidence base to support the use of antidepressant pharmacotherapy is to date limited.
基金Supported by Slovenian Research Agency Grant,No.P3-0343.
文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents worldwide.Its etiopathogenesis results from the interplay of genetic and environmental variables.Among the latter,psychological stress has been implicated in disease onset as well as disease management.Various studies,including large population-based studies,have highlighted the role of stressful life events in the etiopathogenesis of T1D.In this article,we also emphasize the importance of attachment in the early child-caregiver relationship,which can be seen as a measure of the quality of the relationship and is crucial for stress and emotional regulation.It serves as a model for all subsequent relationships in one’s life.We summarize some of the few studies performed in the field of attachment and T1D etiopathogenesis or management.T1D management demands a lifelong therapeutic regimen to prevent acute and chronic complications.In addition to psychological stress,psychological factors such as family functioning,developmental adjustment,autonomy,mental health problems and other factors have been found to relate to metabolic control.Psychological factors need to be understood not as a single directional causality-based principle but as a dynamic bi-or multidirectional system that is affected by the normal developmental transitions of childhood and adolescence.
文摘 In this issue of the Journal of Geriatric Cardiology,the article of Yu, et al1 presents an intriguing issue in the field of hypertension treatment and pathophysiology.……
文摘Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of psychosocial factors on the treatment of elderly patients with hypertension. Methods Atotalof 260 elderly Chinese patients with hypertension were treated with benazepril alone or benazepril combined with amlodipine for 8 weeks. The target blood pressure (BP) (both <140 mmHg systolic, SBP, and <90 mmHg diastolic, DBP) was achieved in 180 patients, who were then assigned to the well-controlled BP group;the rest were placed in the modestly controlled BP group. The psychosocial factors present in both groups were assessed by the Hamilton depression scale, Hamilton anxiety scale, life event scale and social support evaluation list before and after anti-hypertensive treatment. Results There were no significant differences in gender, mean age, hist ory of hypertension, education and smoking habit, or in SBP and DBP between the groups before treatment. Significant differences were also not found in all psychosocial factors before and after treatment in the patients. However, significant differences were found between the groups with respect to post-treatment SBP and marital status. The patients with modestly controlled BP had significantly higher scores, as well as incidents, on the depressive, anxiety, and stressful life event scales than those with well-controlled BP. The patients with well-controlled BP had significantly higher scores in tangible support, subjective support, and social support compared to the patients with modestly controlled BP. Logistic regression analysis showed the independent contribution of psychosocial factors in reaching the goal of lowering BP at treatment endpoint in these hypertensive patients. Conclusions The results suggest that psychosocial factors stand as a main barrier to achieving the BP-lowering target in the management of elderly Chinese patients with hypertension.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2007;4:202-207.)
文摘BACKGROUND Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder,characterized by episodes of intense pruritus,elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin,and near-normal-glutamyl transferase.These episodes may persist for weeks to months before spontaneously resolving,with patients typically remaining asymptomatic between occurrences.Diagnosis entails the evaluation of clinical symptoms and targeted genetic testing.Although BRIC is recognized as a benign genetic disorder,the triggers,particularly psychosocial factors,remain poorly understood.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old Chinese man presented with recurrent jaundice and pruritus after a cold,which was exacerbated by self-medication involving vitamin B and paracetamol.Clinical and laboratory evaluations revealed elevated levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes,in the absence of viral or autoimmune liver disease.Imaging excluded biliary and pancreatic abnormalities,and liver biopsy demonstrated centrilobular cholestasis,culminating in a BRIC diagnosis confirmed by the identification of a novel ATP8B1 gene mutation.Psychological assessment of the patient unveiled stress attributable to academic and familial pressures,regarded as potential triggers for BRIC.Initial relief was observed with ursodeoxycholic acid and cetirizine,followed by an adjustment of the treatment regimen in response to elevated liver enzymes.The patient's condition significantly improved following a stress-related episode,thanks to a comprehensive management approach that included psychosocial support and medical treatment.CONCLUSION Our research highlights genetic and psychosocial influences on BRIC,emphasizing integrated diagnostic and management strategies.
文摘This comprehensive review explores the intricate dynamics between psychosocial factors and chronic wound healing processes, specifically focusing on prevalent conditions such as pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, and venous leg ulcers. By examining the roles of psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this paper illuminates how these factors intricately influence wound healing dynamics, including mechanisms of pain perception and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we evaluate the effectiveness of integrated biopsychosocial interventions, which encompass a holistic approach to wound care, thereby enhancing healing outcomes for dermatology patients. Future studies should focus on investigating the specific psychosocial determinants that significantly influence wound healing, exploring novel therapeutic strategies, and implementing personalized interventions to meet the unique needs of each patient. Such endeavors hold promise in advancing the fields of psychodermatology and wound management, fostering a deeper understanding and application of psychosocial considerations in dermatological care.
文摘Introduction: Occupational stress is a significant health concern in the work-place, constituting a prevalent psychosocial risk. Due to its specific nature, the oil industry is perceived as a high psychosocial risk zone. This study aimed to correlate the perceived stress level with the identified psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs) among employees of an oil company in Congo-Brazzaville. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted between July and September 2021 among employees of an oil company. They were recruited during their routine medical check-ups. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), respectively to assess stress and identify PSRFs. Results: Out of the sample, 203 workers were included. The majorities were males (81.3%), and the average age of participants was 39.5 ± 9.62 years. The frequency of perceived stress was 39.4%, and 40% of the workers were exposed to at least 3 PSRFs. A positive correlation was observed between perceived stress and workload (r = 0.37, p Conclusion: The study revealed that employees of this company exhibited a high level of stress. The detrimental impact of certain PSRFs was highlighted. A multidisciplinary intervention appears imperative to address these inherent risks in their professional environment.
文摘Scope of the Conference:The main theme is EAST MEETS WEST-Job Stress Prevention in a Global Perspective.The aspects covered will encom-pass strategies and methods of assessing,preventing and controlling job-related stress and its effects on health in different settings all over the world.Language:English(Some sessions will be offered also in Japanese).Topics:(1)New methodology in Occupational Health Psychology;(2)Recent trends in work organization and their impact on worker health;
文摘BACKGROUND The tinnitus susceptibility patterns in relation to different psychological and life stressors are unknown in different cultures.AIM To determine the comorbid psychosocial factors and behaviors associated with tinnitus and the predictors for the increase in its severity.METHODS Participants were 230 adults(males=70;females=160;mean age=38.6±3.3).They underwent audiograms,speech discrimination and masking testing,and neuropsychiatric evaluation.Measures used for assessment included tinnitus handicap inventory,depression anxiety stress scale 21(DASS-21),perceived stress scale(PSS),and insomnia severity index(ISI).RESULTS Patients had mean duration of tinnitus of 11.5±2.5 mo.They had intact hearing perception at 250-8000 Hz and 95(41.3%)had aggravation of tinnitus loudness by masking noise.Decompensated tinnitus was reported in 77%(n=177).The majority had clinically significant insomnia(81.3%),somatic symptoms(75%)other than tinnitus and perceived moderate(46.1%)and high(44.3%)stress to tinnitus.The severe/extremely severe symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress were reported in 17.4%,35.7%and 44.3%,respectively.Patients with decompensated type had significantly higher scores for ISI(P=0.001)and DASS-21(depression=0.02,anxiety=0.01,stress=0.001)compared to those with compensated tinnitus.Psychiatric interviewing showed that 35.7%had non-specific anxiety disorder,17.4%had major depression,and 19.6%fulfilled the criteria of somatization disorder.Multivariate analysis showed that the only independent predictors for tinnitus severity were the duration of tinnitus[odd ratios(OR)=0.832,95%CI:0.640-1.158;P=0.001]and PSS(OR=0.835,95%CI:0.540-1.125;P=0.001)scores.CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study in our culture to evaluate the causal relationship between psychological factors and tinnitus onset,severity and persistence.Tinnitus could be the earliest and dominant somatic symptom induced by life stressors and psychological vulnerabilities.Therefore,multidisciplinary consultation(psychologists,psychiatrists,and neurologists)is important to acknowledge among the audiologists and otolaryngologists who primarily consult patients.
基金Supported by The Sectorial Operational Programme Human Resources Development,Contract POSDRU 6/1.5/S/3-,Doctoral studies: through science towards society
文摘From a pure motor disorder of the bowel,in the past few years,irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has become a multifactorial disease that implies visceral hypersensitivity,alterations at the level of nervous and humoral communications between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system,alteration of the gut microflora,an increased intestinal permeability and minimum intestinal inflammation.Psychological and social factors can interfere with the communication between the central and enteric nervous systems,and there is proof that they are involved in the onset of IBS and influence the response to treatment and outcome.There is evidence that abuse history and stressful life events are involved in the onset of functional gastrointestinal disorders.In order to explain clustering of IBS in families,genetic factors and social learning mechanisms have been proposed.The psychological features,such as anxiety,depression as well as the comorbid psychiatric disorders,health beliefs and coping of patients with IBS are discussed in relation to the symptoms and outcome.
文摘Aims:This study aimed to determine if people with cancer(PWC)exhibit a unique COVID-19 risk perception profile and identify psychosocial factors characterizing PWC who do not conform to the majority risk perception profile.Procedure:A cross-sectional online self-questionnaire study was conducted in France from April 25 to May 07,2020,with a sample(n=748)comprising PWC,individuals not currently receiving cancer treatment,and those without a history of cancer.Latent profiles of COVID-19 risk perception(PCRP)were established.Methods:A multivariate multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the association between cancer status and PCRP membership.Characteristics of PWC across different profiles were compared.Results:Four profiles emerged,ranging from Low-Risk to High-Risk Perceivers.PWC were more likely to belong to the High-Risk Perceivers profile(aOR:3.02;p<0.001).PWC not conforming to this profile had a higher perceived socioeconomic level(PSL)(p<0.05).The majority of PWC demonstrated a specific COVID-19 risk perception profile,mainly influenced by medical knowledge linking cancer to increased COVID-19 severity.PSL was a key determinant in shaping risk perception among PWC.Conclusion:Interventions targeting COVID-19 risk perception modification should consider these factors,with particular emphasis on addressing concerns related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
基金supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development(ZonMw)under Grant[536001002]J.J.Brauers received partial financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development(ZonMw)under Grant[546003004].
文摘Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore what extent male amateur soccer players participate in off-field activities and whether these off-field activities are associated with the development of hamstring injuries.Methods Amateur soccer players(n=399)from first-class selection teams(n=32)filled out a baseline screening question-naire concerning off-field activities(i.e.,work and study type and hours,traveling time,sleep,energy costs,and time spent on other activities)and their history of hamstring injury as a part of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.Throughout one competition,the players reported weekly their hamstring injuries,which were verified by medical/technical staff.Multivari-able Firth corrected logistic regression models were used to explore associations between off-field activities and hamstring injuries.Results Sixty-five hamstring injuries were recorded.Previous injury was significantly associated with hamstring injuries(OR ranging from 1.94[95%CI 1.45-2.61]to 2.02[95%CI 1.49-2.73]),but off-field activities were not.Conclusion Although amateur soccer players spent a relatively large amount of time on off-field activities,we did not find off-field activities measured at baseline to be associated with hamstring injuries in the subsequent competitive soccer season.In contrast,previous hamstring injury was found to be strongly associated with(recurrent)hamstring injuries.
