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Frequentist and Bayesian Sample Size Determination for Single-Arm Clinical Trials Based on a Binary Response Variable: A Shiny App to Implement Exact Methods
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作者 Susanna Gentile Valeria Sambucini 《Open Journal of Statistics》 2024年第1期90-105,共16页
Sample size determination typically relies on a power analysis based on a frequentist conditional approach. This latter can be seen as a particular case of the two-priors approach, which allows to build four distinct ... Sample size determination typically relies on a power analysis based on a frequentist conditional approach. This latter can be seen as a particular case of the two-priors approach, which allows to build four distinct power functions to select the optimal sample size. We revise this approach when the focus is on testing a single binomial proportion. We consider exact methods and introduce a conservative criterion to account for the typical non-monotonic behavior of the power functions, when dealing with discrete data. The main purpose of this paper is to present a Shiny App providing a user-friendly, interactive tool to apply these criteria. The app also provides specific tools to elicit the analysis and the design prior distributions, which are the core of the two-priors approach. 展开更多
关键词 Binomial Proportion Frequentist and Bayesian Power functions Exact sample Size Determination Shiny App Two-Priors Approach
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LAD PARAMETER ESTIMATION of SaS BASED on SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC FUNCTION
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作者 陈高波 《科技信息》 2010年第25期I0028-I0028,I0027,共2页
Parameter estimation to alpha stable distribution is difficult for without a explicit probability density function. On the base of sample characteristic function,an iterative LAD parameter estimation algorithm for SaS... Parameter estimation to alpha stable distribution is difficult for without a explicit probability density function. On the base of sample characteristic function,an iterative LAD parameter estimation algorithm for SaS is discussed. The example illustrates that the algorithm is feasible and efficient. 展开更多
关键词 概率 密度函数 计算方法 迭代参数
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Walsh Spectral Characteristics and the Auto-Correlation Function Characteristics of Forming Orthomorphic Permutations of Multi-Output Functions 被引量:4
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作者 ZHAO Yaqun WANG Jue 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS 2006年第6期1895-1898,共4页
Orthomorphic permutations have good characteristics in cryptosystems. In this paper, by using of knowledge about relation between orthomorphic permutations and multi-output functions, and conceptions of the generalize... Orthomorphic permutations have good characteristics in cryptosystems. In this paper, by using of knowledge about relation between orthomorphic permutations and multi-output functions, and conceptions of the generalized Walsh spectrum of multi-output functions and the auto-correlation function of multi-output functions to investigate the Walsh spectral characteristics and the auto-correlation function characteristics of orthormophic permutations, several results are obtained. 展开更多
关键词 orthomorphic permutation multi-output functions walsh spectral auto-correlation function
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Control of beam halo-chaos by sample function 被引量:1
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作者 白龙 张荣 +2 位作者 翁甲强 罗晓曙 方锦清 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第6期1226-1230,共5页
The K-V beam through an axisymmetric uniform-focusing channel is studied using the particle-core model. The beam halo-chaos is found, and a sample function controller is proposed based on mechanism of halo formation a... The K-V beam through an axisymmetric uniform-focusing channel is studied using the particle-core model. The beam halo-chaos is found, and a sample function controller is proposed based on mechanism of halo formation and strategy of controlling halo-chaos. We perform multiparticle simulation to control the halo by using the sample function controller. The numerical results show that our control method is effective. We also find that the radial ion density changes when the ion beam is in the channel: not only can the halo-chaos and its regeneration be eliminated by using the sample function control method, but also the density uniformity can be found at the beam's centre as long as an appropriate control method is chosen. 展开更多
关键词 beam halo-chaos sample function radial ion density uniform-focusing channel
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Chrestenson Spectrum and Auto-Correlation Function of Inverse Permutations of Quick Trickle Permutations
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作者 WANG Jue LI Zhengchao ZHAO Yaqun 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS 2008年第5期587-590,共4页
In this paper, a sufficient and necessary condition of quick trickle permutations is given from the point of inverse permutations. The bridge is built between quick trickle permutations and m-value logic functions. By... In this paper, a sufficient and necessary condition of quick trickle permutations is given from the point of inverse permutations. The bridge is built between quick trickle permutations and m-value logic functions. By the methods of the Chrestenson spectrum of m-value logic functions and the auto-correlation function of m-value logic functions to investigate the Chrestenson spectral characteristics and the auto-correlation function charac- teristics of inverse permutations of quick trickle permutations, a determinant arithmetic of quick trickle permutations is given. Using the results, it becomes easy to judge that a permutation is a quick trickle permutation or not by using computer. This gives a new pathway to study constructions and enumerations of quick trickle permutations. 展开更多
关键词 quick trickle permutation chrestenson spectrum auto-correlation function m-value logic function
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Strong Consistency for the Kernal Estimates of the Random Window Width of the Density Function and its Derivatives Under Φ-Mixing Samples
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作者 樊家琨 《Chinese Quarterly Journal of Mathematics》 CSCD 1993年第3期52-56,共5页
In the paper,we study the strong uniform consistency for the kernal estimates of random window w■th of density function and its derivatives under the condition that the sequence{X_n}of the ■ are the identically Φ-m... In the paper,we study the strong uniform consistency for the kernal estimates of random window w■th of density function and its derivatives under the condition that the sequence{X_n}of the ■ are the identically Φ-mixing random variabks. 展开更多
关键词 Φ-mixing sample probability density function random window width kemal estimate strng uniform consistency
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SHANNON SAMPLING AND ESTIMATION OF BAND-LIMITED FUNCTIONS IN THE SEVERAL COMPLEX VARIABLES SETTING 被引量:1
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作者 高洁欣 钱涛 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2005年第4期741-754,共14页
In this work the authors develop the n-dimensional sinc function theory in the several complex variables setting. In terms of the corresponding Paley-Wiener theorem the exact sinc interpolation and quadrature are esta... In this work the authors develop the n-dimensional sinc function theory in the several complex variables setting. In terms of the corresponding Paley-Wiener theorem the exact sinc interpolation and quadrature are established. Exponential convergence rate of the error estimates for band-limited functions in n-dimensional strips are obtained. 展开更多
关键词 Shannon sampling sinc function harmonic analysis
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Gyroscope Fault Diagnosis Using Fuzzy SVM to Unbalanced Samples 被引量:1
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作者 罗秋凤 张锐 +1 位作者 李勇 杨忠清 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI CSCD 2015年第1期16-21,共6页
A novel fuzzy support vector machine based on unbalanced samples(FSVM-US)is proposed to solve the high false positive rate problem since the gyroscope output is susceptible to unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)airborne elec... A novel fuzzy support vector machine based on unbalanced samples(FSVM-US)is proposed to solve the high false positive rate problem since the gyroscope output is susceptible to unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)airborne electromagnetic environment and the gyroscope abnormal signal sample is rather rare.Firstly,the standard deviation of samples projection to normal vector for SVM classifier hyper plane is analyzed.The imbalance feature expression reflecting the hyper plane shift for the number imbalance between samples and the dispersion imbalance within samples is derived.At the same time,the denoising factor is designed as the exponential decay function based on the Euclidean distance between each sample and the class center.Secondly,the imbalance feature expression and denoising factor are configured into the membership function.Each sample has its own weight denoted the importance to the classifier.Finally,the classification simulation experiments on the gyroscope fault diagnosis system are conducted and FSVM-US is compared with the standard SVM,FSVM,and the four typical class imbalance learning(CIL)methods.The results show that FSVM-US classifier accuracy is 12% higher than that of the standard SVM.Generally,FSVM-US is superior to the four CIL methods in total performance.Moreover,the FSVMUS noise tolerance is also 17% higher than that of the standard SVM. 展开更多
关键词 fault diagnosis GYROSCOPE fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM) unbalanced samples membership function
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On a Class of Generalized Sampling Functions
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作者 Yi Wang 《Analysis in Theory and Applications》 2014年第1期82-89,共8页
In this note, we discuss a class of so-called generalized sampling functions. These functions are defined to be the inverse Fourier transform of a family of piecewise constant functions that are either square integrab... In this note, we discuss a class of so-called generalized sampling functions. These functions are defined to be the inverse Fourier transform of a family of piecewise constant functions that are either square integrable or Lebegue integrable on the real number line. They are in fact the generalization of the classic sinc function. Two approaches of constructing the generalized sampling functions are reviewed. Their properties such as cardinality, orthogonality, and decaying properties are discussed. The interactions of those functions and Hilbert transformer are also discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Generalized sampling function sinc function non-bandlimited signal sampling the-orem Hilbert transform.
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Novel Stability Criteria for Sampled-Data Systems With Variable Sampling Periods 被引量:2
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作者 Hanyong Shao Jianrong Zhao Dan Zhang 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 EI CSCD 2020年第1期257-262,共6页
This paper is concerned with a novel Lyapunovlike functional approach to the stability of sampled-data systems with variable sampling periods. The Lyapunov-like functional has four striking characters compared to usua... This paper is concerned with a novel Lyapunovlike functional approach to the stability of sampled-data systems with variable sampling periods. The Lyapunov-like functional has four striking characters compared to usual ones. First, it is time-dependent. Second, it may be discontinuous. Third, not every term of it is required to be positive definite. Fourth, the Lyapunov functional includes not only the state and the sampled state but also the integral of the state. By using a recently reported inequality to estimate the derivative of this Lyapunov functional, a sampled-interval-dependent stability criterion with reduced conservatism is obtained. The stability criterion is further extended to sampled-data systems with polytopic uncertainties. Finally, three examples are given to illustrate the reduced conservatism of the stability criteria. 展开更多
关键词 Lyapunov functional sampled-data systems sampling-interval-dependent stability
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Optimal Bayesian Sampling Plans Based on Hybrid Type-Ⅱ Censored Samples
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作者 CHENG Conghua CHENG Lijuan 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2018年第1期58-64,共7页
The Bayesian sampling plans for exponential distributions are studied based on type-Ⅱ hybrid censored samples. The optimal Bayesian sampling plan is derived under a general loss function which includes the sampling c... The Bayesian sampling plans for exponential distributions are studied based on type-Ⅱ hybrid censored samples. The optimal Bayesian sampling plan is derived under a general loss function which includes the sampling cost, time-consuming cost, salvage value,and decision loss. It is employed to determine the Bayes risk and the corresponding optimal sampling plan. An explicit expression of the Bayes risk is derived. Furthermore,for the conjugate prior distribution,the closed-form formula of the Bayes decision rule can be obtained under either the linear or quadratic decision loss. 展开更多
关键词 Bayesian sampling plan Bayes risk decision function loss function hybrid censored sample
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Transfer Function Description of Multirate Sampling Systems
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作者 肖建 唐磊 《Journal of Modern Transportation》 1999年第2期141-147,共7页
Based on the sampler decomposition method and modified Z transform, this paper proposes a pulse transfer function matrix description of the multivariable multirate sampling systems. This multirate sampling system mode... Based on the sampler decomposition method and modified Z transform, this paper proposes a pulse transfer function matrix description of the multivariable multirate sampling systems. This multirate sampling system model has a simple structure, and can be used as a basis for the analysis and synthesis of the multirate sampling systems. 展开更多
关键词 multirate sampling system transfer function computer controlled system
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Model-data-driven seismic inversion method based on small sample data
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作者 LIU Jinshui SUN Yuhang LIU Yang 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 CSCD 2022年第5期1046-1055,共10页
As sandstone layers in thin interbedded section are difficult to identify,conventional model-driven seismic inversion and data-driven seismic prediction methods have low precision in predicting them.To solve this prob... As sandstone layers in thin interbedded section are difficult to identify,conventional model-driven seismic inversion and data-driven seismic prediction methods have low precision in predicting them.To solve this problem,a model-data-driven seismic AVO(amplitude variation with offset)inversion method based on a space-variant objective function has been worked out.In this method,zero delay cross-correlation function and F norm are used to establish objective function.Based on inverse distance weighting theory,change of the objective function is controlled according to the location of the target CDP(common depth point),to change the constraint weights of training samples,initial low-frequency models,and seismic data on the inversion.Hence,the proposed method can get high resolution and high-accuracy velocity and density from inversion of small sample data,and is suitable for identifying thin interbedded sand bodies.Tests with thin interbedded geological models show that the proposed method has high inversion accuracy and resolution for small sample data,and can identify sandstone and mudstone layers of about one-30th of the dominant wavelength thick.Tests on the field data of Lishui sag show that the inversion results of the proposed method have small relative error with well-log data,and can identify thin interbedded sandstone layers of about one-15th of the dominant wavelength thick with small sample data. 展开更多
关键词 small sample data space-variant objective function model-data-driven neural network seismic AVO inversion thin interbedded sandstone identification Paleocene Lishui sag
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Synchronisation of chaotic systems using a novel sampled-data fuzzy controller
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作者 冯毅夫 张庆灵 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2011年第1期33-41,共9页
This paper presents the synchronisation of chaotic systems using a sampled-data fuzzy controller and is meaningful for many physical real-life applications. Firstly, a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is employed to ... This paper presents the synchronisation of chaotic systems using a sampled-data fuzzy controller and is meaningful for many physical real-life applications. Firstly, a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is employed to represent the chaotic systems that contain some nonlinear terms, then a type of fuzzy sampled-data controller is proposed and an error system formed by the response and drive chaotic system. Secondly, relaxed LMI-based synchronisation conditions are derived by using a new parameter-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and relaxed stabilisation techniques for the underlying error system. The derived LMI-based conditions are used to aid the design of a sampled-data fuzzy controller to achieve the synchronisation of chaotic systems. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results. 展开更多
关键词 chaotic systems synchronisation sampled-data systems parameter-dependentLyapunov-Krasovskii functional
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Bayes Prediction of Future Observables from Exponentiated Populations with Fixed and Random Sample Size
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作者 Essam K. AL-Hussaini M. Hussein 《Open Journal of Statistics》 2011年第1期24-32,共9页
Bayesian predictive probability density function is obtained when the underlying pop-ulation distribution is exponentiated and subjective prior is used. The corresponding predictive survival function is then obtained ... Bayesian predictive probability density function is obtained when the underlying pop-ulation distribution is exponentiated and subjective prior is used. The corresponding predictive survival function is then obtained and used in constructing 100(1 – ?)% predictive interval, using one- and two- sample schemes when the size of the future sample is fixed and random. In the random case, the size of the future sample is assumed to follow the truncated Poisson distribution with parameter λ. Special attention is paid to the exponentiated Burr type XII population, from which the data are drawn. Two illustrative examples are given, one of which uses simulated data and the other uses data that represent the breaking strength of 64 single carbon fibers of length 10, found in Lawless [40]. 展开更多
关键词 Predictive Density And SURVIVAL functions One- And Two-sample Schemes BAYES PREDICTION Exponentiated Population. Exponentiated BURR Type XII Distribution Data Of Carbon Fibers
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基于改进Faster RCNN的微操作空间目标检测算法 被引量:1
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作者 陈国良 庞裕双 《传感器与微系统》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期144-147,151,共5页
将Faster RCNN引入微操作系统的目标检测之中。针对微操作空间下待检测目标存在尺度变化和在显微镜放大倍数较小时,待检测目标尺度过小、特征不明显的问题,提出了一种基于改进Faster RCNN的微操作空间目标检测算法。使用在图像分类任务... 将Faster RCNN引入微操作系统的目标检测之中。针对微操作空间下待检测目标存在尺度变化和在显微镜放大倍数较小时,待检测目标尺度过小、特征不明显的问题,提出了一种基于改进Faster RCNN的微操作空间目标检测算法。使用在图像分类任务中性能优越的深度残差网络提取图像的特征。引入递归特征金字塔网络,对特征进行融合。改进区域建议网络的采样策略,对损失函数进行优化。实验结果表明:这种改进的Faster RCNN算法能有效解决由于目标尺度变化和目标尺度过小带来的问题。相比通用的目标检测算法,该算法的准确度更高,速度更快,具有实际应用价值。 展开更多
关键词 微操作空间 目标检测 特征提取 局域建议网络采样策略 损失函数优化
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计及DoS攻击和通信时滞的电力系统负荷频率控制
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作者 刘星月 田永强 +2 位作者 施开波 周坤 唐琳 《工程科学与技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期249-258,共10页
针对电力系统通信网络中存在的时滞和DoS攻击现象,本文提出了基于采样特性的电力系统离散负荷频率控制方案。首先,计及电力系统负荷波动的情况,在多区域电力系统负荷频率控制系统(LFC)模型的基础上,将通信网络中DoS攻击的危害量化为采... 针对电力系统通信网络中存在的时滞和DoS攻击现象,本文提出了基于采样特性的电力系统离散负荷频率控制方案。首先,计及电力系统负荷波动的情况,在多区域电力系统负荷频率控制系统(LFC)模型的基础上,将通信网络中DoS攻击的危害量化为采样信号连续丢失数,并分别考虑通信网络中通信时滞和输出信号采样特性,建立包含输出状态反馈控制器的电力系统LFC模型。其次,基于此模型,利用含有控制命令更新周期、DoS攻击导致的最大采样信号连续丢失数、通信时滞、H_(∞)稳定指标的双边闭环Lyapunov泛函、LMI技术,提出LFC系统满足一定H_(∞)指标的稳定准则,并给出离散状态输出反馈LFC控制器的设计及求解方法。最后,本文以单区域和双区域LFC系统为例进行了仿真验证。结果表明:与已有文献方法相比,本文方法在保持系统H_(∞)渐近稳定前提下,能够容忍更大的通信时滞,且结果的保守性更低;同时可以看出本文所设计的控制器在保证H_(∞)稳定性能的基础上,对一定能量限制的DoS攻击具有弹性的防御性能。因此本文方案的有效性和优越性得到了验证。 展开更多
关键词 时滞 DOS攻击 负荷频率控制方案 采样特性 LYAPUNOV泛函
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基于二阶价值梯度模型强化学习的工业过程控制方法
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作者 张博 潘福成 +1 位作者 周晓锋 李帅 《计算机应用研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期2434-2440,共7页
为了实现对高延时、非线性和强耦合的复杂工业过程稳定准确的连续控制,提出了一种基于二阶价值梯度模型强化学习的控制方法。首先,该方法在模型训练过程中加入了状态价值函数的二阶梯度信息,具备更精确的函数逼近能力和更高的鲁棒性,学... 为了实现对高延时、非线性和强耦合的复杂工业过程稳定准确的连续控制,提出了一种基于二阶价值梯度模型强化学习的控制方法。首先,该方法在模型训练过程中加入了状态价值函数的二阶梯度信息,具备更精确的函数逼近能力和更高的鲁棒性,学习迭代效率更高;其次,通过采用新的状态采样策略,可以更高效地利用模型进行策略学习。最后,通过在OpenAI的Gym公共实验环境和两个工业场景的仿真环境的实验表明:基于二阶价值梯度模型对比传统的基于最大似然估计模型,环境模型预测误差显著降低;基于二阶价值梯度模型的强化学习方法学习效率优于现有的基于模型的策略优化方法,具备更好的控制性能,并减小了控制过程中的振荡现象。可见该方法能有效地提升训练效率,同时提高工业过程控制的稳定性和准确性。 展开更多
关键词 工业过程控制 模型强化学习 二阶价值梯度 状态价值函数 状态采样策略
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基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ的纤维缠绕落纱点轨迹采样特征权重优化
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作者 田会方 仇振兴 吴迎峰 《复合材料科学与工程》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第1期54-59,共6页
针对基于空间特征曲线特征函数的纤维缠绕落纱点轨迹采样算法无法自动选择特征权重的问题,建立以特征权重为变量,以得到采样点线性插值生成曲线与原曲线的MAE,RMSE为目标函数的双目标优化模型。提出基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的双目标优化求... 针对基于空间特征曲线特征函数的纤维缠绕落纱点轨迹采样算法无法自动选择特征权重的问题,建立以特征权重为变量,以得到采样点线性插值生成曲线与原曲线的MAE,RMSE为目标函数的双目标优化模型。提出基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的双目标优化求解方法以优化特征权重。实例验证表明,与传统NSGA-Ⅱ算法相比,改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法求得Pareto解集的MAE,RMSE平均下降了0.002和0.105,算法选取特征权重的MAE,RMSE比特征权重为(0.1,0.3)的MAE,RMSE分别降低了约12.9%和8.5%,比特征权重为(0.9,0.1)的MAE,RMSE分别降低了约20.6%和11.4%,有效地提高了落纱点轨迹采样的精度。 展开更多
关键词 落纱点轨迹采样 空间曲线特征函数 NSGA-Ⅱ算法 复合材料
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基于距离感知的金属缺陷样本标签分配算法
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作者 朱传军 梁泽启 +1 位作者 付强 张超勇 《中国机械工程》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期1634-1641,共8页
针对金属表面缺陷检测模型在训练过程中正负样本分配时不考虑金属表面缺陷的宽高比、对目标分布的定位能力差等问题,提出了距离感知的动态标签分配(DDA)算法。DDA不改变原有检测模型的结构也不增加计算开支,根据真实框的几何特性提出新... 针对金属表面缺陷检测模型在训练过程中正负样本分配时不考虑金属表面缺陷的宽高比、对目标分布的定位能力差等问题,提出了距离感知的动态标签分配(DDA)算法。DDA不改变原有检测模型的结构也不增加计算开支,根据真实框的几何特性提出新的距离损失计算范式,以优化宽高比悬殊的回归问题,将迭代过程中的回归偏移量解码为预测框坐标,最后计算预测框、锚框和真实框三者之间综合交并比信息,动态地选择正负样本以提高训练精度。在武汉某钢厂冷轧带钢表面缺陷检测中进行了验证,并引入公开的热轧带钢表面缺陷数据集进行了泛化试验,检测效果均有显著改善,对金属表面质量规范有实际应用价值。 展开更多
关键词 目标检测 样本选择策略 宽高比 金属缺陷检测 距离回归损失函数
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