In a procedure for electrolytic dissolving pure copper and common brasses, the approximate electrochemical mole mass(k) of the sample was determined in accordance with the brand of the sample, a stitable electrolyte w...In a procedure for electrolytic dissolving pure copper and common brasses, the approximate electrochemical mole mass(k) of the sample was determined in accordance with the brand of the sample, a stitable electrolyte was selected to make the current efficiency equal to 100%, and then the dissolved mass of samples was calculated according to Faraday's law(m=klt).Three representative samples were sampled by the electrolytic dissolution method and the calculated dissolved amounts were equal to the values by weighing the anode.The cxperimental results of zinc and copper in the anode liquor are in agreement with certified values.展开更多
Subjective evaluations are nowadays applied more commonly in cosmetic product assessment. They are used in quality control, product development steps and efficacy studies for claim support. Several studies have been p...Subjective evaluations are nowadays applied more commonly in cosmetic product assessment. They are used in quality control, product development steps and efficacy studies for claim support. Several studies have been published to determine the adequate number of panelists, but recommendations and guidelines dealing with this topic are rare in the cosmetic sector. The aim of the present pilot study was to recommend a suitable study plan and define the adequate consumer panel size for cosmetic consumer assessment. A questionnaire-based product evaluation study, with three different cosmetic products, was organized as a consumer test using a seven-point scale. As a last step, a specific statistical calculation was performed to define the minimum sample size. It showed that the minimum sample size, besides the obvious statistical parameters of standard deviation and confidence interval, also depends on age and gender of the panelists and product assessment item. Utilizing a CI of 95% a minimum of 60 panelists seems to be sufficient for home-use-test (HUT) with a given seven-point scale. A minimum of 101 panelists are shown to be sufficient utilizing a CI of 99%.展开更多
The nonuniform sampling method in hologram plane is proposed to reconstruct objects on multi-plane simultaneously. The hologram is nonuniformly sampled by decomposing it into several parts with various sampling rates....The nonuniform sampling method in hologram plane is proposed to reconstruct objects on multi-plane simultaneously. The hologram is nonuniformly sampled by decomposing it into several parts with various sampling rates. The hologram is calculated based on the nonuniform fast Fourier transform （NUFFT） algorithm. In the experiment, we load this nonuniformly sampled hologram on phases-only spatial light modulator （SLM）, and by illumination with collimated light objects with different sampling rates are reconstructed at different distant planes simultaneously. Both of the numerically simulation and optical experiments are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of our method. The experiment also shows that our proposed nonuniform sampled hologram for multi-plane objects is calculated by only one step, better than conventional method that needs several steps of calculation proportional to the numbers of object planes.展开更多
Diversity analysis and taxonomic profiles can be generated from marker-gene sequence data with the help of many available computational tools.The Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology Version 2(QIIME2)has been ...Diversity analysis and taxonomic profiles can be generated from marker-gene sequence data with the help of many available computational tools.The Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology Version 2(QIIME2)has been widely used for 16S rRNA data analysis.While many articles have demonstrated the use of QIIME2 with suitable datasets,the application to preclinical data has rarely been talked about.The issues involved in the pre-clinical data include the low-quality score and small sample size that should be addressed properly during analysis.In addition,there are few articles that discuss the detailed statistical methods behind those alpha and beta diversity significance tests that researchers are eager to find.Running the program without knowing the logic behind it is extremely risky.In this article,we first provide a guideline for analyzing 16S rRNA data using QIIME2.Then we will talk about issues in pre-clinical data,and how they could impact the outcome.Finally,we provide brief explanations of statistical methods such as group significance tests and sample size calculation.展开更多
This study focuses on the influence of the wave surge force on the assessments of the surf-riding/broaching vulnerability criteria according to the new proposal of the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria. ...This study focuses on the influence of the wave surge force on the assessments of the surf-riding/broaching vulnerability criteria according to the new proposal of the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria. A code is developed for the criteria check and the sample ship calculations show that the accuracy of the wave surge force estimation has a significant influence on the assessment result. For further investigation, the wave surge force measurement through a captive model test is made for a purse seiner to validate the numerical model, the effects of the wave steepness and the ship forward speed on the wave surge force responses are also discussed. It is demonstrated that the diffraction effect is important for the correct estimation of the wave surge force. Therefore, it is recommended to include this effect in the assessment procedure.展开更多
文摘In a procedure for electrolytic dissolving pure copper and common brasses, the approximate electrochemical mole mass(k) of the sample was determined in accordance with the brand of the sample, a stitable electrolyte was selected to make the current efficiency equal to 100%, and then the dissolved mass of samples was calculated according to Faraday's law(m=klt).Three representative samples were sampled by the electrolytic dissolution method and the calculated dissolved amounts were equal to the values by weighing the anode.The cxperimental results of zinc and copper in the anode liquor are in agreement with certified values.
文摘Subjective evaluations are nowadays applied more commonly in cosmetic product assessment. They are used in quality control, product development steps and efficacy studies for claim support. Several studies have been published to determine the adequate number of panelists, but recommendations and guidelines dealing with this topic are rare in the cosmetic sector. The aim of the present pilot study was to recommend a suitable study plan and define the adequate consumer panel size for cosmetic consumer assessment. A questionnaire-based product evaluation study, with three different cosmetic products, was organized as a consumer test using a seven-point scale. As a last step, a specific statistical calculation was performed to define the minimum sample size. It showed that the minimum sample size, besides the obvious statistical parameters of standard deviation and confidence interval, also depends on age and gender of the panelists and product assessment item. Utilizing a CI of 95% a minimum of 60 panelists seems to be sufficient for home-use-test (HUT) with a given seven-point scale. A minimum of 101 panelists are shown to be sufficient utilizing a CI of 99%.
基金supported by the National"973"Program of China(Nos.2013CB328803 and 2013CB328804)the National"863"Program of China (Nos.2012AA03A302 and 2013AA013904)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.20125169021)
文摘The nonuniform sampling method in hologram plane is proposed to reconstruct objects on multi-plane simultaneously. The hologram is nonuniformly sampled by decomposing it into several parts with various sampling rates. The hologram is calculated based on the nonuniform fast Fourier transform （NUFFT） algorithm. In the experiment, we load this nonuniformly sampled hologram on phases-only spatial light modulator （SLM）, and by illumination with collimated light objects with different sampling rates are reconstructed at different distant planes simultaneously. Both of the numerically simulation and optical experiments are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of our method. The experiment also shows that our proposed nonuniform sampled hologram for multi-plane objects is calculated by only one step, better than conventional method that needs several steps of calculation proportional to the numbers of object planes.
基金S.N.Rai was partly supported with Wendell Cherry Chair in Clinical Trial Research Fund and NIH grants 5P20GM113226(CJM),1P42ES023716(PI:Sanjay Srivastava)and 1P20GM125504(PI:Richard Lamont).C.Qian was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant 5P50AA024337(CJM)and the University of Louisville Fellowship.
文摘Diversity analysis and taxonomic profiles can be generated from marker-gene sequence data with the help of many available computational tools.The Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology Version 2(QIIME2)has been widely used for 16S rRNA data analysis.While many articles have demonstrated the use of QIIME2 with suitable datasets,the application to preclinical data has rarely been talked about.The issues involved in the pre-clinical data include the low-quality score and small sample size that should be addressed properly during analysis.In addition,there are few articles that discuss the detailed statistical methods behind those alpha and beta diversity significance tests that researchers are eager to find.Running the program without knowing the logic behind it is extremely risky.In this article,we first provide a guideline for analyzing 16S rRNA data using QIIME2.Then we will talk about issues in pre-clinical data,and how they could impact the outcome.Finally,we provide brief explanations of statistical methods such as group significance tests and sample size calculation.
基金Project supported by the High-Technology Ship Research Project of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(Grant No.K24352)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(973 Praogram,Grant No.51579144)
文摘This study focuses on the influence of the wave surge force on the assessments of the surf-riding/broaching vulnerability criteria according to the new proposal of the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria. A code is developed for the criteria check and the sample ship calculations show that the accuracy of the wave surge force estimation has a significant influence on the assessment result. For further investigation, the wave surge force measurement through a captive model test is made for a purse seiner to validate the numerical model, the effects of the wave steepness and the ship forward speed on the wave surge force responses are also discussed. It is demonstrated that the diffraction effect is important for the correct estimation of the wave surge force. Therefore, it is recommended to include this effect in the assessment procedure.
