Hughes's inheritance of literal language rooted in spiritual places constitutes important aspect of Hughes's parody of African American literary tradition.Three categories of themes about spiritual places of A...Hughes's inheritance of literal language rooted in spiritual places constitutes important aspect of Hughes's parody of African American literary tradition.Three categories of themes about spiritual places of African American literary tradition were discussed in this essay to show better understanding of Hughes's poems from Signifying perspective.展开更多
Previously, the gravitational lens of a wormhole was introduced by various researchers. Their treatment was focused basically on the lens signature that describes wormhole geometrical character such as the differences...Previously, the gravitational lens of a wormhole was introduced by various researchers. Their treatment was focused basically on the lens signature that describes wormhole geometrical character such as the differences from a black hole or between any various types of wormhole models. The braneworld scenario provides the idea of spacetime with underlying extra-dimensions. The inclusion of extra-dimensional terms in the lens object spacetime line element will result in some variation in the expression for its gravitational lens deflection angle. Thus in this paper we investigate such variation by deriving this deflection angle expression. As such, this paper not only shows the existence of such variation but also suggests the potential utilization of gravitational lensing to prove the existence of extra dimensions by studying the deflection angle characteristic in accordance with the spacetime expansion rate of the universe.展开更多
P values based on standard hypothesis testing are commonly reported in articles published by the Journal of Forestry Research(JFR).However,effect sizes are barely used and reported,even if they are of direct relevance...P values based on standard hypothesis testing are commonly reported in articles published by the Journal of Forestry Research(JFR).However,effect sizes are barely used and reported,even if they are of direct relevance to the primary questions of many of the published studies.The incorporation of effect sizes in studies published by JFR should be encouraged and promoted.Inclusion of effect sizes as a requirement in the journal guidelines will facilitate a major change in the way data are tested and interpreted,with the ultimate goal to exempt researchers from the custom of drawing conclusions merely based upon a dichotomous statistical result(P value).Such a policy can also lead to more informed decisions of whether identified effects are of practical relevance to the forestry.展开更多
Mark Twain is one of the most famous writers of the nineteenth century,his works have a large number of descriptions of dreams,in Mark Twain’s short story My Platonic Sweetheart,the author describes a dream that cons...Mark Twain is one of the most famous writers of the nineteenth century,his works have a large number of descriptions of dreams,in Mark Twain’s short story My Platonic Sweetheart,the author describes a dream that constantly repeats itself in his life.The dream description in the novel is not only part of the narrative structure of the article,but also expresses the theme of the article,through the close reading of the text,taking dream description as the starting point,the author of this thesis analyzes the dream description in My Platonic Sweetheart,exploring the thematic role of dream description in the novel,and analyzing what the author wants to express and how the author expresses his spiritual pursuit through dream description.展开更多
In Tennessee Williams’masterpiece The Glass Menagerie,the most remarkable feature is considered to be the successful employment of symbolism.Through the textual analysis,this paper thus gives a systematic analysis of...In Tennessee Williams’masterpiece The Glass Menagerie,the most remarkable feature is considered to be the successful employment of symbolism.Through the textual analysis,this paper thus gives a systematic analysis of some important symbolic images in stage spectacle,including"lighting","screen","fire-escape","unicorn,""Jonquil"and"father’s photo."These symbols effectively highlight the theme—the collision between reality and dream,which vividly exposes the tragic living situation of the lower class in America during the Great Depression.展开更多
This article explores the protagonist, Celie, in Alice Walker's The Color Purple. Celie who is ugly, lacks of mother's love, and oppressed in a universe of men. She admires Shug who is a beautiful woman. Accor...This article explores the protagonist, Celie, in Alice Walker's The Color Purple. Celie who is ugly, lacks of mother's love, and oppressed in a universe of men. She admires Shug who is a beautiful woman. According to Lacan's theory, Celie's love for Shug is a metonymic hunting for her mother's body. Celie's hunting process is along the metonymic chain of signifiers. And finally Celie finds her happiness even though the chain of signifiers continues.展开更多
Several computer theorists and professionals share the concepts of ＂signifier＂ and ＂signified＂ in intuitive terms but are often unfamiliar with semiotics. There is a special digital divide between semiotics and th...Several computer theorists and professionals share the concepts of ＂signifier＂ and ＂signified＂ in intuitive terms but are often unfamiliar with semiotics. There is a special digital divide between semiotics and the technology, because the semiotic notions are usually expressed through verbal expressions instead engineers use the mathematical language. In the first step, the present study suggests the formal descriptions of the signifier and the signified. In the second step, we show how these formal definitions are able to justify the hardware structure of a computer system, and even other properties of computing which are currently presented on the as-is basis. Concluding, the basic concepts of semiotics can unveil intriguing aspect of information technology展开更多
This paper tackles the issue of limits in Chuck Palahniuk＇s Choke （2001）. The narrative is at the image of this controversial American writer and mirrors his work as a whole. The paper aims at exploring the trespas...This paper tackles the issue of limits in Chuck Palahniuk＇s Choke （2001）. The narrative is at the image of this controversial American writer and mirrors his work as a whole. The paper aims at exploring the trespassing and even the annihilation of boundaries both at the thematic and linguistic levels. The cornerstone notion of transgression opens the path to a rewriting of the paradigm between signifiers and signified and unveils the problematics of the body linked to the redefined vision of choking and to a deviant sexuality. The body itself is remolded into a land of conquest. The reader is left to wonder where Palahniuk＇s quest for transgression will lead him, if the crossing of limits is precisely limitless and if the body is an enduring cornucopia of possible experiences.展开更多
Schreber’s doctor,Professor Flechsig,believed that his patient was a sick and irrational man that should be deprived of his legal capacities.The assessment prevailing at that time of people afflicted with psychoses w...Schreber’s doctor,Professor Flechsig,believed that his patient was a sick and irrational man that should be deprived of his legal capacities.The assessment prevailing at that time of people afflicted with psychoses was that they are uncontrollable and unable of logical thinking.This condition widely remained medically undefined.However,a certain awareness can be detected in Schreber’s manner of dealing with his repressed desires—homosexuality,narcissism,and megalomania.We assume that his conviction came from using God as a filter for the thoughts that were consuming him and as a tool in reaching a sort of acceptance towards his condition.At the root of his problems was the conflicted relationship with his father(his inability to establish the Master of Signifier).Perceiving God as a super-father figure was a vital strategy for Schreber in his search for a cure.The larger issue of psychosis is its invisibility and our tendency as a society to sideline people afflicted with this type of mental issue and not seeing them as regular citizens.Whilst analyzing the case of Judge Daniel Paul Schreber and relating it to the concept of God,the conclusion that stood out the most was how God was a key strategy in resolving and accepting his delusions towards the establishment of a signifier:the Name-of-the-Father.展开更多
This paper investigates the character of Falstaff in Shakespeare’s Henry IV Part I and Henry IV Part II,using philosophical concepts drawn from the thought of Jacques Lacan.Here,Falstaff is treated as signifying the ...This paper investigates the character of Falstaff in Shakespeare’s Henry IV Part I and Henry IV Part II,using philosophical concepts drawn from the thought of Jacques Lacan.Here,Falstaff is treated as signifying the complete satisfaction of desire for eating,drinking,love-making,and the primitive and ideal states of the ego.Thus,Falstaff is beyond the pleasure principle.To satisfy his desire and become the ideal ego,Falstaff manipulates signifiers,facts,time,and common logic.Falstaff is above signifying chains,in that he uses others around him and disobeys the others(God,the king,and the Chief Justice).However,Falstaff cannot be reduced to nothing because he represents the primitive nature and existential desire of human beings.To allow people to enjoy Falstaff’s pleasures is a task in social development.Due to the excesses he reaches in satisfying his desires,Falstaff can only be allowed to exist in fantasy.Falstaff is thus a signifier haunted above and beyond.展开更多
Our understanding of urban form depends on how we perceive the city.Much of the literature on urban form(1)has focused on the pre-industrial and industrial city,celebrating its compact form,contiguous functions and si...Our understanding of urban form depends on how we perceive the city.Much of the literature on urban form(1)has focused on the pre-industrial and industrial city,celebrating its compact form,contiguous functions and single dominant centre.More recently writings by Castels(2)and Soja(3)have described the dispersed,city of the post industrial era.This networked city triggered by the freedom afforded by the new technology(4)has exposed a new dimension to urban form.The model of the compact city advocated by those such as Lord Rogers Task Force for delivering the Urban Renaissance(5)is being questioned(6)and a new model of“high density nodes,in a high density landscape resulting in a low density city,”as in the Deltametropolis,described by Dirk Frieling(7).Compactness,cramming more development into the city and making public spaces of a higher density and quality,Rogers and Burdett argue(8)will make“urban living attractive,ecologically sustainable,economically strong and socially inclusive.”The alternative argument is that the economic success of cities is reliant on the networking of resources across a metropolitan region.Echenique argues(9)that cities disperse in their search for mobility and space.“Mobility increases the effi ciency of households and fi rms which in turn generates more income and profi ts.As income increases,so does the demand for space,residential and commercial alike.”Sustainability has become the current banner of political correctness.Sustainability however is a slippery word.It is easy to focus on one aspect and lose the value of its holistic meaning.For many architects“green buildings”equals a sustainable future.However,clever design solutions single-mindedly pursued with little regard to the wider exploration of the potential environmental savings that may be achieved through organisational innovation are only half the answer.A holistic approach concerned with both building and organisational design and focused on“lean thinking”(10)could make considerable inroads into reducing the ecological footprint.The paper draws on DEGW’s experience of advising major corporations and cities on strategies for managing the process of intensifi cation and change(11).It explores how major improvements might be gained in meeting our goals for the sustainable city through reconsidering the way we work and allocate space.The underlying proposition is that technology has offered us new opportunities which have changed our paradigm of living and working.This in turn has provided us with a new perception of the city,as a distributed series of high density centres connected by good public and private transport,within a low density landscape.The paper argues that considerable improvements in workplace sustainability can be achieved by applying a holistic approach.These may include a combination of strategies,from rethinking the organisation of work processes and the locations and time work is undertaken,to reducing the need for resources by a more intensive use of land and fl oor space.Disjointed,dispersed“urban sprawl”can be wasteful.The alternative emerging urban form is a planned,dispersed,“networked”city with well integrated public and private transport that yields greater choice of location and lifestyles so supporting social,economic and environmental sustainability.展开更多
文摘Hughes's inheritance of literal language rooted in spiritual places constitutes important aspect of Hughes's parody of African American literary tradition.Three categories of themes about spiritual places of African American literary tradition were discussed in this essay to show better understanding of Hughes's poems from Signifying perspective.
基金Supported by the Short-Term Research Grant Awarded of University of Malaya
文摘Previously, the gravitational lens of a wormhole was introduced by various researchers. Their treatment was focused basically on the lens signature that describes wormhole geometrical character such as the differences from a black hole or between any various types of wormhole models. The braneworld scenario provides the idea of spacetime with underlying extra-dimensions. The inclusion of extra-dimensional terms in the lens object spacetime line element will result in some variation in the expression for its gravitational lens deflection angle. Thus in this paper we investigate such variation by deriving this deflection angle expression. As such, this paper not only shows the existence of such variation but also suggests the potential utilization of gravitational lensing to prove the existence of extra dimensions by studying the deflection angle characteristic in accordance with the spacetime expansion rate of the universe.
基金co-supported by the Outstanding Action Plan of Chinese Sci-tech Journals(Grant No.OAP–C–077)the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST),Nanjing,China(Grant No.003080)the Jiangsu Distinguished Professor Program of the People’s Government of Jiangsu Province。
文摘P values based on standard hypothesis testing are commonly reported in articles published by the Journal of Forestry Research(JFR).However,effect sizes are barely used and reported,even if they are of direct relevance to the primary questions of many of the published studies.The incorporation of effect sizes in studies published by JFR should be encouraged and promoted.Inclusion of effect sizes as a requirement in the journal guidelines will facilitate a major change in the way data are tested and interpreted,with the ultimate goal to exempt researchers from the custom of drawing conclusions merely based upon a dichotomous statistical result(P value).Such a policy can also lead to more informed decisions of whether identified effects are of practical relevance to the forestry.
文摘Mark Twain is one of the most famous writers of the nineteenth century,his works have a large number of descriptions of dreams,in Mark Twain’s short story My Platonic Sweetheart,the author describes a dream that constantly repeats itself in his life.The dream description in the novel is not only part of the narrative structure of the article,but also expresses the theme of the article,through the close reading of the text,taking dream description as the starting point,the author of this thesis analyzes the dream description in My Platonic Sweetheart,exploring the thematic role of dream description in the novel,and analyzing what the author wants to express and how the author expresses his spiritual pursuit through dream description.
文摘In Tennessee Williams’masterpiece The Glass Menagerie,the most remarkable feature is considered to be the successful employment of symbolism.Through the textual analysis,this paper thus gives a systematic analysis of some important symbolic images in stage spectacle,including"lighting","screen","fire-escape","unicorn,""Jonquil"and"father’s photo."These symbols effectively highlight the theme—the collision between reality and dream,which vividly exposes the tragic living situation of the lower class in America during the Great Depression.
文摘This article explores the protagonist, Celie, in Alice Walker's The Color Purple. Celie who is ugly, lacks of mother's love, and oppressed in a universe of men. She admires Shug who is a beautiful woman. According to Lacan's theory, Celie's love for Shug is a metonymic hunting for her mother's body. Celie's hunting process is along the metonymic chain of signifiers. And finally Celie finds her happiness even though the chain of signifiers continues.
文摘Several computer theorists and professionals share the concepts of ＂signifier＂ and ＂signified＂ in intuitive terms but are often unfamiliar with semiotics. There is a special digital divide between semiotics and the technology, because the semiotic notions are usually expressed through verbal expressions instead engineers use the mathematical language. In the first step, the present study suggests the formal descriptions of the signifier and the signified. In the second step, we show how these formal definitions are able to justify the hardware structure of a computer system, and even other properties of computing which are currently presented on the as-is basis. Concluding, the basic concepts of semiotics can unveil intriguing aspect of information technology
文摘This paper tackles the issue of limits in Chuck Palahniuk＇s Choke （2001）. The narrative is at the image of this controversial American writer and mirrors his work as a whole. The paper aims at exploring the trespassing and even the annihilation of boundaries both at the thematic and linguistic levels. The cornerstone notion of transgression opens the path to a rewriting of the paradigm between signifiers and signified and unveils the problematics of the body linked to the redefined vision of choking and to a deviant sexuality. The body itself is remolded into a land of conquest. The reader is left to wonder where Palahniuk＇s quest for transgression will lead him, if the crossing of limits is precisely limitless and if the body is an enduring cornucopia of possible experiences.
文摘Schreber’s doctor,Professor Flechsig,believed that his patient was a sick and irrational man that should be deprived of his legal capacities.The assessment prevailing at that time of people afflicted with psychoses was that they are uncontrollable and unable of logical thinking.This condition widely remained medically undefined.However,a certain awareness can be detected in Schreber’s manner of dealing with his repressed desires—homosexuality,narcissism,and megalomania.We assume that his conviction came from using God as a filter for the thoughts that were consuming him and as a tool in reaching a sort of acceptance towards his condition.At the root of his problems was the conflicted relationship with his father(his inability to establish the Master of Signifier).Perceiving God as a super-father figure was a vital strategy for Schreber in his search for a cure.The larger issue of psychosis is its invisibility and our tendency as a society to sideline people afflicted with this type of mental issue and not seeing them as regular citizens.Whilst analyzing the case of Judge Daniel Paul Schreber and relating it to the concept of God,the conclusion that stood out the most was how God was a key strategy in resolving and accepting his delusions towards the establishment of a signifier:the Name-of-the-Father.
文摘This paper investigates the character of Falstaff in Shakespeare’s Henry IV Part I and Henry IV Part II,using philosophical concepts drawn from the thought of Jacques Lacan.Here,Falstaff is treated as signifying the complete satisfaction of desire for eating,drinking,love-making,and the primitive and ideal states of the ego.Thus,Falstaff is beyond the pleasure principle.To satisfy his desire and become the ideal ego,Falstaff manipulates signifiers,facts,time,and common logic.Falstaff is above signifying chains,in that he uses others around him and disobeys the others(God,the king,and the Chief Justice).However,Falstaff cannot be reduced to nothing because he represents the primitive nature and existential desire of human beings.To allow people to enjoy Falstaff’s pleasures is a task in social development.Due to the excesses he reaches in satisfying his desires,Falstaff can only be allowed to exist in fantasy.Falstaff is thus a signifier haunted above and beyond.
文摘Our understanding of urban form depends on how we perceive the city.Much of the literature on urban form(1)has focused on the pre-industrial and industrial city,celebrating its compact form,contiguous functions and single dominant centre.More recently writings by Castels(2)and Soja(3)have described the dispersed,city of the post industrial era.This networked city triggered by the freedom afforded by the new technology(4)has exposed a new dimension to urban form.The model of the compact city advocated by those such as Lord Rogers Task Force for delivering the Urban Renaissance(5)is being questioned(6)and a new model of“high density nodes,in a high density landscape resulting in a low density city,”as in the Deltametropolis,described by Dirk Frieling(7).Compactness,cramming more development into the city and making public spaces of a higher density and quality,Rogers and Burdett argue(8)will make“urban living attractive,ecologically sustainable,economically strong and socially inclusive.”The alternative argument is that the economic success of cities is reliant on the networking of resources across a metropolitan region.Echenique argues(9)that cities disperse in their search for mobility and space.“Mobility increases the effi ciency of households and fi rms which in turn generates more income and profi ts.As income increases,so does the demand for space,residential and commercial alike.”Sustainability has become the current banner of political correctness.Sustainability however is a slippery word.It is easy to focus on one aspect and lose the value of its holistic meaning.For many architects“green buildings”equals a sustainable future.However,clever design solutions single-mindedly pursued with little regard to the wider exploration of the potential environmental savings that may be achieved through organisational innovation are only half the answer.A holistic approach concerned with both building and organisational design and focused on“lean thinking”(10)could make considerable inroads into reducing the ecological footprint.The paper draws on DEGW’s experience of advising major corporations and cities on strategies for managing the process of intensifi cation and change(11).It explores how major improvements might be gained in meeting our goals for the sustainable city through reconsidering the way we work and allocate space.The underlying proposition is that technology has offered us new opportunities which have changed our paradigm of living and working.This in turn has provided us with a new perception of the city,as a distributed series of high density centres connected by good public and private transport,within a low density landscape.The paper argues that considerable improvements in workplace sustainability can be achieved by applying a holistic approach.These may include a combination of strategies,from rethinking the organisation of work processes and the locations and time work is undertaken,to reducing the need for resources by a more intensive use of land and fl oor space.Disjointed,dispersed“urban sprawl”can be wasteful.The alternative emerging urban form is a planned,dispersed,“networked”city with well integrated public and private transport that yields greater choice of location and lifestyles so supporting social,economic and environmental sustainability.
