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Regulatory effects of anandamide on intracellular Ca^(2+) concentration increase in trigeminal ganglion neurons
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作者 Yi Zhang Hong Xie +6 位作者 Gang Lei Fen Li Jianping Pan Changjin Liu Zhiguo Liu Lieju Liu Xuehong Cao 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第8期878-887,共10页
Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 on presynaptic neurons is postulated to suppress neu- ~ ~ ~ 2+ ~ ~ 2+ rotransmlsslon by decreasing Ca reflux through high voltage-gated Ca channels. However, recent studies... Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 on presynaptic neurons is postulated to suppress neu- ~ ~ ~ 2+ ~ ~ 2+ rotransmlsslon by decreasing Ca reflux through high voltage-gated Ca channels. However, recent studies suggest that cannabinoids which activate cannabinoid receptor type 1 can increase neurotransmitter release by enhancing Ca2+ influx in vitro. The aim of the present study was to investigate the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration by the cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonist anandamide, and its underlying mechanisms. Using whole cell voltage-damp and calcium imaging in cultured trigeminal ganglion neurons, we found that anandamide directly caused Ca2+ influx in a dose-dependent manner, which then triggered an increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase systems, but not the protein kinase C system, were involved in the increased intracellular Ca2+concentration by anandamide. This result showed that anandamide increased intracellu- lar Ca2+ concentration and inhibited high voltage-gated Ca2+ channels through different signal transduction pathways. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration trigeminal ganglion NEURONS ENDOCANNABINOIDS ANANDAMIDE can-nabinoid receptor type 1 voltage-dependent calcium channels vanilloid receptor patch-damp tech-nique calcium cyclic adenosine monophosphate protein kinase protein kinase C NIH grant neuralregeneration
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Clinical Criteria for Airway Assessment: Correlations with Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation Conditions
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作者 Gustavo Henrique S. Wanderley Luciana Cavalcanti Lima +4 位作者 Tania Cursino de Menezes Couceiro Waston Vieira Silva Raquel Queiroz G. A. Coelho Andrea Cavalcanti C. Lucena Anne Danielle Santos Soares 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2013年第7期320-325,共6页
Difficult intubation, inadequate ventilation and esophageal intubation are the principal causes of death or brain damage related to airway manipulation. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to correlate a p... Difficult intubation, inadequate ventilation and esophageal intubation are the principal causes of death or brain damage related to airway manipulation. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to correlate a preanesthetic evaluation that may be capable of predicting a difficult intubation with the conditions encountered at laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Eighty-one patients submitted to general anesthesia were evaluated at a preanesthetic consultation according to the modified Mallampati classification, the Wilson score and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) difficult airway algorithm. Findings were then correlated with the Cormack-Lehane classification and with the number of attempts at endotracheal intubation. No statistically significant correlations were found between the patients’ Mallampati classification and their Cormack-Lehane grade or between the Mallampati classification and the number of attempts required to achieve endotracheal intubation. Laryngoscopy proved difficult in four patients and in all of these cases the Wilson score had been indicative of a possibly difficult airway, highlighting its good predicting sensitivity. However, the specificity of this test was low, since another 24 patients had the same Wilson score but were classified as Cormack-Lehane I/II. Moreover, two patients who had a Wilson score ≥ 4 were also classified as Cormack-Lehane grade I/II. The study concluded that the Wilson score, although seldom used in clinical practice, is a highly sensitive predictor of a difficult airway;its specificity, however, is low. 展开更多
关键词 Preanesthetic Evaluation Respiratory System AIRWAY ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION Measurement tech-niques Mallampati WILSON Cormack-Lehane
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Environmental Assessment and Dielectric Performances of the Secondary Electrical Insulation in Low Voltage Motors Impregnated by Different Techniques
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作者 Manh Quan Nguyen Simon Dario +4 位作者 David Malec Dominique Mary Jean-Pascal Cambronne Damien Prunel Julie Orgelet 《Engineering(科研)》 2017年第10期860-873,共14页
A recent technique, using to potentially replace the conventional impregnating one in low voltage electric motors, has been studied in this communication. The conventional technique that uses?both primary and secondar... A recent technique, using to potentially replace the conventional impregnating one in low voltage electric motors, has been studied in this communication. The conventional technique that uses?both primary and secondary insulations;?i.e.: enamel and varnish, has been compared to this recent technique which only uses one component,?i.e.: self-bonding wires. Self-bonding wires polymerization is very quick compared to that of the conventional technique. Environmental impact and both dielectric and mechanical properties of these two techniques have been estimated and compared. The goal is to estimate if this recent technique has not only a better environmental footprint but also good technical properties. The dielectric properties that have been measured are the dielectric strength and?the lifetime under pulse?voltage while mechanical consists in measuring the bonding strength that is crucial for impregnation.?For that purpose, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) that can simultaneously evaluatenumerous impacts on ground, water and air,?has been performed. The results show clearly that the recent technique significantly reduces the environmental footprint. Both mechanical and dielectric properties are then compared and analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 Electrical MOTOR Enameled WIRE Self-Bonding WIRE IMPREGNATION tech-nique Dielectric Performance Environmental Impact
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Natural orifice transluminal endoscopy surgery:A review 被引量:5
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作者 Joo Moreira-Pinto Estevo Lima +1 位作者 Jorge Correia-Pinto Carla Rolanda 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第33期3795-3801,共7页
Minimally invasive surgery started spreading worldwide in 1987,when the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed.Meanwhile,improvement of endoscopic equipment and instruments allowed gastroenterologists to att... Minimally invasive surgery started spreading worldwide in 1987,when the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed.Meanwhile,improvement of endoscopic equipment and instruments allowed gastroenterologists to attempt more aggressive endoluminal interventions,even beyond the wall barrier.The first transgastric peri-toneoscopy,in 2004,brought to light the concept of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES).The idea of incisionless surgery is attractive and has become a new goal for both surgeons and other people interested in this field of investigation.The authors present a review of all developments concerning NOTES,including animal studies and human experience. 展开更多
关键词 TRANSESOPHAGEAL TRANSGASTRIC Transvesical TRANSVAGINAL Transcolonic Natural orifice trans-luminal endoscopic surgery Minimally invasive tech-niques
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Vertical Handover Decision for Mobile IoT Edge Gateway Using Multi-Criteria and Fuzzy Logic Techniques
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作者 Amit Singh Gaur Jyoti Budakoti Chung-Horng Lung 《Advances in Internet of Things》 2020年第4期57-93,共37页
Internet of Things (IoT) is ubiquitous, including objects or devices communicating through heterogenous wireless networks. One of the major challenges in mobile IoT is an efficient vertical handover decision (VHD) tec... Internet of Things (IoT) is ubiquitous, including objects or devices communicating through heterogenous wireless networks. One of the major challenges in mobile IoT is an efficient vertical handover decision (VHD) technique between heterogenous networks for seamless connectivity with constrained resources. The conventional VHD approach is mainly based on received signal strength (RSS). The approach is inefficient for vertical handover, since it always selects the target network with the strongest signal without taking into consideration of factors such as quality of service (QoS), cost, delay, etc. In this paper, we present a hybrid approach by integrating the multi-cri- teria based VHD (MCVHD) technique and an algorithm based on fuzzy logic for efficient VHD among Wi-Fi, Radio and Satellite networks. The MCVHD provides a lightweight solution that aims to achieving seamless connectivity for mobile IoT Edge Gateway over a set of heterogeneous networks. The proposed solution is evaluated in real time using a testbed containing real IoT devices. Further, the testbed is integrated with lightweight and efficient software techniques, e.g., microservices, containers, broker, and Edge/Cloud techniques. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is suitable for an IoT environment and it outperforms the conventional RSS Quality based VHD by minimizing handover failures, unnecessary handovers, handover time and cost of service. 展开更多
关键词 Internet of Things (IoT) Handover Vertical Handover Decision (VHD) tech-nique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) Mul-ti-Criteria Based VHD (MCVHD) Containers Microservice Edge Computing
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采样误差分析 被引量:3
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作者 石金成 于淑贤 《石油仪器》 1995年第3期154-159,共6页
设计具有A/D转换的信号采集系统时,设计者着重于考虑采样后是否会产生假频,而对采样后的误差厂般考虑较少。文章讨论了采样定理的缺陷问题,提出了采样效应的概念。并从所采得的信号与原信号的幅度和相位误差两个角度分析了采样定理... 设计具有A/D转换的信号采集系统时,设计者着重于考虑采样后是否会产生假频,而对采样后的误差厂般考虑较少。文章讨论了采样定理的缺陷问题,提出了采样效应的概念。并从所采得的信号与原信号的幅度和相位误差两个角度分析了采样定理的工程应用问题,仅供从事信号采集系统硬件设计者参考。 展开更多
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正态分布下平均质量指标μ≤μ_0的计量型抽样检验
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作者 王艳 许志强 《通化师范学院学报》 2001年第2期12-14,共3页
论述了当单位产品质量指标X~N(μ,σ2)、μ≤μ0时对平均质量指标μ的计量型抽样检验方案,该方案比计数型抽样检验[1]更充分地利用了样本所提供的信息.
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油松毛虫蛹种群抽样技术的研究 被引量:7
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作者 马占山 张执中 +1 位作者 夏乃斌 屠泉洪 《北京林业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1989年第2期18-27,共10页
本文进行了油松毛虫蛹种群估值抽样及风险决策抽样技术的研究,其目的是为进行油松毛虫种群动态研究,实施综合管理决策提供优化的抽样设计。对估值抽样提供了三种方案:整株抽样,轮枝抽样,简易估计法。研究表明,在一定条件下,用后两种方... 本文进行了油松毛虫蛹种群估值抽样及风险决策抽样技术的研究,其目的是为进行油松毛虫种群动态研究,实施综合管理决策提供优化的抽样设计。对估值抽样提供了三种方案:整株抽样,轮枝抽样,简易估计法。研究表明,在一定条件下,用后两种方案代替整株抽样估计种群密度可以提高抽样效率,降低抽样费用,且估计精度能达到一般科研和生产上防治决策的要求精度。关于风险决策抽样,给出了三组序贯抽样决策模型,任何一组均可应用。文中还应用了笔者提出的一组新的抽样设计模型,其结果与前人研究方法所得的结果一致。 展开更多
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Design and calibration of a high-sensitivity and high-accuracy polarimeter based on liquid crystal variable retarders 被引量:1
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作者 Jing Guo De-Qing Ren +4 位作者 Cheng-Chao Liu Yong-Tian Zhu Jiang-Pei Dou Xi Zhang Christian Beck 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第1期87-96,共10页
Polarimetry plays an important role in the measurement of solar magnetic fields. We devel- oped a high-sensitivity and high-accuracy polarimeter (HHP) based on nematic liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs), wh... Polarimetry plays an important role in the measurement of solar magnetic fields. We devel- oped a high-sensitivity and high-accuracy polarimeter (HHP) based on nematic liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs), which has a compact setup and no mechanical moving parts. The system design and calibration methods are discussed in detail. The azimuth error of the transmission axis of the polarizer as well as the fast axes of the two LCVRs and the quarter-wave plate were determined using dedicated procedures. Linearly and circularly polarized light were employed to evaluate the performance of the HHP. The experimental results indicate that a polarimetric sensitivity of better than 5.7 × 10-3 can be achieved by using a single short-exposure image, while an accuracy on the order of 10-5 can be reached by using a large number of short-exposure images. This makes the HHP a high-performance system that can be used with a ground-based solar telescope for high-precision solar magnetic field investigations. 展开更多
关键词 instrumentation polarimeters - methods laboratory - Sun magnetic fields - tech-niques polarimetric
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茶梢蛾幼虫空间分布及其抽样技术 被引量:4
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作者 莫建初 王问学 +2 位作者 李益辉 张才学 胡求凡 《经济林研究》 1992年第2期56-62,共7页
对茶梢蛾幼虫的空间分布型及抽样技术的研究结果表明,幼虫为普通聚集分布,其基本成分是面积为一株油茶大小的个体群,个体间相互吸引。调查时以棋盘式取样为佳。根据空间分布型分析,计算出序贯抽样模型为:最适理论抽样数模型为:
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一种基于近似类抽样的组合聚类方法 被引量:1
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作者 陈新泉 《上饶师范学院学报》 2008年第3期71-75,共5页
FCM聚类算法具有线性的时间复杂度,但它对初始化非常敏感。而k-中心点轮换法对初始化不太敏感,但其缺点就是时间复杂度较高,不能直接应用到海量数据集的聚类分析中。为克服这两类聚类算法的缺点,而充分利用它们的优点,很自然地提出一种... FCM聚类算法具有线性的时间复杂度,但它对初始化非常敏感。而k-中心点轮换法对初始化不太敏感,但其缺点就是时间复杂度较高,不能直接应用到海量数据集的聚类分析中。为克服这两类聚类算法的缺点,而充分利用它们的优点,很自然地提出一种基于近似类抽样的组合聚类算法。这种组合聚类算法的时间复杂度是O(n2m)。仿真实验表明,它具有稳定的聚类结果。 展开更多
关键词 FCM
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不同采集模式单采血小板后献血者外周血小板计数的变化情况 被引量:4
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作者 方春梅 阮忠 《临床输血与检验》 CAS 2016年第6期552-554,共3页
目的探讨利用间隔采集与连续采集模式行单采血小板采集后,对献血者外周血小板(P L T)的影响。方法选择自愿进行单采血小板献血者54例,将其分为2组,分别行间隔采集模式(2 U/次→1 U/次→2 U/次)与连续采集模式(2U/次),对两组对象采集前... 目的探讨利用间隔采集与连续采集模式行单采血小板采集后,对献血者外周血小板(P L T)的影响。方法选择自愿进行单采血小板献血者54例,将其分为2组,分别行间隔采集模式(2 U/次→1 U/次→2 U/次)与连续采集模式(2U/次),对两组对象采集前、后以及采集后12个月的平均血小板体积(M P V)、P L T、血小板分布宽度(P D W)、大血小板比率(P-LCR)以及身体质量指数(BMI)的变化进行分析。结果连续模式2次单采前PLT水平低于间隔模式,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);连续模式采集12个月后,MPV、P-LCR、PDW与间隔模式比较,均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);连续模式BMI≥24高于间隔模式,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单采血小板采集应结合捐献者的PLT与BMI等指标进行综合考虑,若捐献者BMI≥24,建议采取间隔采集模式。 展开更多
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Solving shock wave with discontinuity by enhanced differential transform method(EDTM)
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作者 邹丽 王振 +2 位作者 宗智 邹东阳 张朔 《Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)》 SCIE EI 2012年第12期1569-1582,共14页
An enhanced differential transform method (EDTM), which introduces the Pad@ technique into the standard differential transform method (DTM), is proposed. The enhanced method is applied to the analytic treatment of... An enhanced differential transform method (EDTM), which introduces the Pad@ technique into the standard differential transform method (DTM), is proposed. The enhanced method is applied to the analytic treatment of the shock wave. It accelerates the convergence of the series solution and provides an exact Dower series solution. 展开更多
关键词 enhanced differential transform method EDTM shock wave Pad@ tech-nique Burgers equation
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Application and Comparison of the Two Flued-cured Tobacco Well-cellar Transplanting Techniques in Southwest Prefecture of Guizhou Province
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作者 穆青 蔡立 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第3期496-497,502,共3页
The application of flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transplanting technique un- der film and covering bowl in southwest prefecture of Guizhou province was intro- duced. And the two flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transpl... The application of flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transplanting technique un- der film and covering bowl in southwest prefecture of Guizhou province was intro- duced. And the two flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transplanting techniques were compared. Results showed that compared with flue-cured tobacco well-collar trans- planting technique under film, the technique covering bowl had the advantages of protecting ecological environment, reducing labor force and cost, resisting the bad weather and so on. This research provided theoretical foundation for the early appli- cation flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transplanting technique covering bowl in different 展开更多
关键词 Flue-cured tobacco Flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transplanting tech-nique under film Flue-cured tobacco well-cellar transplanting technique coveringbowl Southwest Prefecture of Guizhou Province
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Near-infrared observations of the Be/X-ray binary pulsar A0535+262
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作者 Sachindra Naik Blesson Mathew +2 位作者 D.P.K.Banerjee N.M.Ashok Rajeev R.Jaiswal 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第2期177-186,共10页
We present the results obtained from extensive near-infrared (IR) spectro- scopic and photometric observations of the Be/X-ray binary A0535+262/HDE 245770 at different phases of its - 111 d orbital period. This obs... We present the results obtained from extensive near-infrared (IR) spectro- scopic and photometric observations of the Be/X-ray binary A0535+262/HDE 245770 at different phases of its - 111 d orbital period. This observation campaign is part of the monitoring program of selective Be/X-ray binary systems aimed at understanding X-ray and near-IR properties at different orbital phases, especially during the perias- tron passage of the neutron star. The near-IR observations presented here were carried out using the 1.2 m telescope at the Mt. Abu IR Observatory. Though the source was relatively faint for spectroscopic observations with the 1.2 m telescope, we monitored the source closely during the 2011 February-March giant X-ray outburst to primarily investigate whether any drastic changes in the near-IR JHK spectra took place at the periastron passage. Changes of such a striking nature were expected to be detectable in our spectra. Photometric observations of the Be star show a gradual and systematic fading in the JHK light curves since the onset of the X-ray outburst, which could suggest a mild evacuation/truncation of the circumstellar disk of the Be companion. Near-IR spectroscopy of the object shows that the JHK spectra are dominated by the emission lines of hydrogen Brackett and Paschen series and HeI lines at 1.0830, 1.7002 and 2.0585 μm. The presence of all the hydrogen emission lines in the JHK spectra, along with the absence of any significant change in the continuum of the Be companion during X-ray quiescent and X-ray outburst phases, suggests that the near- IR line emitting regions of the disk are not significantly affected during the X-ray outburst. 展开更多
关键词 infrared stars - Be binaries - stars individual A0535262 - tech-niques: spectroscopic
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The photometric system of the One-meter Telescope at Weihai Observatory of Shandong University 被引量:6
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作者 Shao-Ming Hu Sheng-Hao Han +1 位作者 Di-Fu Guo Jun-Ju Du 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第6期719-732,共14页
The one-meter telescope at Weihai Observatory (WHO) of Shandong University is an f/8 Cassegrain telescope. Three sets of filters are installed in a dual layer filterwheel that use Johnson-Cousins UBVRI, Sloan Digita... The one-meter telescope at Weihai Observatory (WHO) of Shandong University is an f/8 Cassegrain telescope. Three sets of filters are installed in a dual layer filterwheel that use Johnson-Cousins UBVRI, Sloan Digital Sky Survey u′g′r′i′z′ and Stomgren uvby. The photometric system and the CCD camera are introduced, followed by detailed analysis of their performances, and determination of the relevant parameters, including gain, readout noise, dark current and linearity of the CCD cam- era. In addition, the parameters describing the site's astro-climate, including typical seeing, statistics on the number of clear nights and average sky brightness, based on data gathered from Sep. 2007 to Aug. 2013, are systematically studied and reported in this work. Photometric calibrations were done using Landolt standard star obser- vations spanning eight nights, which yielded transformation coefficients, photometric precision and system throughput. The limiting magnitudes are simulated using the derived calibration parameters and classic observation conditions at WHO. 展开更多
关键词 telescopes -- site testing --instrumentation miscellaneous - tech-niques: photometric
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Design and application of 60mer oligonucleotide microarray in SARS coronavirus detection 被引量:4
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作者 SHI Rong MA Wenli +6 位作者 WU Qinghua ZHANG Bao SONG Yanbin GUO Qiuye XIAO Weiwei WANG Yan ZHENG Wenling 《Chinese Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS 2003年第12期1165-1169,共4页
The 60mer oligonucleotide microarray was designed and applied to detecting of SARS (severe acute res-piratory syndrome) coronavirus. Thirty 60mer specific oligos were designed to cover the whole genome of the first su... The 60mer oligonucleotide microarray was designed and applied to detecting of SARS (severe acute res-piratory syndrome) coronavirus. Thirty 60mer specific oligos were designed to cover the whole genome of the first submit-ted coronavirus strain, according to the sequence of TOR2 (GENEBANK Accession: AY274119). These primers were synthesized and printed into a microarray with 12×12 spots. RNAs were extracted from the throat swab and gargling fluid of SARS patients and reverse-transcripted into the double strand cDNAs. The cDNAs were prepared as re-stricted cDNA fragments by the restriction display (RD) technique and labeled by PCR with the Cy5-universal primer. The labeled samples were then applied to the oligo microar-ray for hybridization. The diagnostic capability of the mi-croarray was evaluated after the washing and scanning steps. The scanning result showed that samples of SARS patients were hybridized with multiple SARS probes on the microar-ray, and there is no signal on the negative and blank controls. These results indicate that the genome of SARS coronavirus can be detected in parallel by the 60mer oligonucleotide mi-croarray, which can improve the positive ratio of the diagno-sis. The oligo microarray can also be used for monitoring the behavior of the virus genes in different stages of the disease status. 展开更多
关键词 SARS CORONAVIRUS OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MICROARRAY RD tech-nique fluorescent LABELING molecular hybridization.
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Contributions to data transmission at critical moments on unmanned aerial vehicles
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作者 Jose Enrique RODRIGUEZ David SEGURADO +2 位作者 Manuel SANCHEZ Jose Javier MARTINEZ Rafael GONZALEZ 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期247-257,共11页
As for unmanned aircraft, the knowledge of the aircraft performance is directly related with the navigation, guidance, and control system programming. Therefore, the measured data in each phase of the flight must be s... As for unmanned aircraft, the knowledge of the aircraft performance is directly related with the navigation, guidance, and control system programming. Therefore, the measured data in each phase of the flight must be sufficiently precise to obtain a good characterization of aircraft.This article proposes new methods of sending information to ground, which make it possible to know the aircraft behavior accurately, and for this purpose, four contributions have been made for ALO(Avión Ligero de Observación, Spanish acronym for Light Observation Aircraft). Currently, the characterization is based on data obtained at ten samples per second, insufficient to acquire detailed knowledge of what happened during the whole flight of an aircraft. As a result of these contributions, many more samples per second of accelerations and angular velocities are obtained at the most critical moments of the flight, such as takeoff or landing. Among the improvements included are data compression techniques, providing references to locate the measured data in time and identifying labels of each parameter. 展开更多
关键词 Critical moments Data transmission Datacompression tech-niques Radio-modem Recommended Standard 232(RS-232) Unmannedaerial vehicle
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Role of calcium mobilization in the regulation of spontaneous transient outward currents in porcine coronary artery myocytes 被引量:1
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作者 LI PengYun ZENG XiaoRong +5 位作者 YANG Yan CAI Fang LIU ZhiFei LI MiaoLing PEI Jie ZHOU Wen 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2007年第5期660-668,共9页
The purpose of the present study was to further study the characteristics and regulation of spontaneous transient outward currents(STOCs)in freshly isolated porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells(ASMCs).STOCs wer... The purpose of the present study was to further study the characteristics and regulation of spontaneous transient outward currents(STOCs)in freshly isolated porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells(ASMCs).STOCs were recorded using the perforated whole-cell patch-clamp configuration.STOCs were voltage-dependent and superimposed stochastically onto whole-cell Ca^(2+)-activated-K+(BKCa)currents.Charybdotoxin(ChTX,200 nmol/L),a selective blocker of BKCa channels,completely inhibited STOCs within 10 min.STOCs activity was greatly suppressed when extracellular Ca^(2+)concentration decreased from 1.8 mmol/L to 200 nmol/L,further removal of Ca^(2+)abolished STOCs activity.Ca^(2+)ionophore A23187(10μmol/L)increased STOCs activity significantly.Verapamil(20μmol/L)and CdCl2(200μmol/L),two kinds of organic L-type voltage-dependent Ca^(2+)channels(L-VDCCs)antagonists,had little effect on STOCs.In addition,the ryanodine receptors(RyRs)agonist caffeine(5 mmol/L)significantly activated STOCs.Application of ryanodine(50μmol/L)to block RyRs abolished STOCs,subsequent washout of ryanodine or application of caffeine failed to reproduce STOCs activity.Inhibition of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP_(3)Rs)by 2APB(40μmol/L)greatly suppressed the activity of STOCs,application of caffeine(5 mmol/L)in the presence of 2APB caused a burst of outward currents followed by inhibition of STOCs.These results suggest that STOCs in porcine coronary ASMCs are mediated by BKCa channels.Extracellular Ca^(2+)is essential for STOCs activity,while Ca^(2+)entry through L-VDCCs has little effect on STOCs.Intracellular Ca^(2+)release induced by RyRs is responsible for the regulation of STOCs,whereas IP_(3)Rs might also be involved. 展开更多
关键词 spontaneous transient outward currents inositol 1 4 5-trisphosphate coronary artery smooth muscle cells perforated patch-clamp tech-niques
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Targeted Mitochondrial Delivery to Hepatocytes:A Review
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作者 Brent D.Heineman Xiaocong Liu George Y.Wu 《Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology》 SCIE 2022年第2期321-328,共8页
Defects in mitochondria are responsible for various genetic and acquired diseases.Mitochondrial transplantation,a method that involves introduction of healthy donor mitochondria into cells with dysfunctional mitochond... Defects in mitochondria are responsible for various genetic and acquired diseases.Mitochondrial transplantation,a method that involves introduction of healthy donor mitochondria into cells with dysfunctional mitochondria,could offer a novel approach to treat such diseases.Some studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefit of mitochondrial transplantation and targeted delivery in vivo and in vitro within hepatocytes and the liver.This review discusses the issues regarding isolation and delivery of mitochondria to hepatocytes and the liver,and examines the existing literature in order to elucidate the utility and practicality of mito-chondrial transplantation in the treatment of liver disease.Studies reviewed demonstrate that mitochondrial uptake could specifically target hepatocytes,address the challenge of non-specific localization of donor mitochondria,and provide evidence of changes in liver function following injection of mitochondria into mouse and rat disease models.While potential benefits and advantages of mitochondrial trans-plantation are evident,more research is needed to determine the practicality of mitochondrial transplantation for the treatment of genetic and acquired liver diseases. 展开更多
关键词 MITOCHONDRIA HEPATOCYTES TRANSPLANTATION Liver In vitro tech-niques
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