As climate change draws more attention globally,the development of low-carbon economy has become an inevitable choice for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The increasingly strict control of carbon emission i...As climate change draws more attention globally,the development of low-carbon economy has become an inevitable choice for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The increasingly strict control of carbon emission is making carbon emission rights a scarce resource and endowing the rights with the attributes of assets and commodities.China has announced the goal of“carbon emission peaking before 2030 and carbon neutralization before 2060”.Responding to this goal,as major carbon emitters,oil companies play the role of a driving force for green and low-carbon development.Carbon assets management is a key path for oil companies to achieve emission reduction goals and low-carbon transformation.However,the carbon assets management of China’s oil companies is still in the initial stage,with the system and regulations not yet sound,and the management process not yet closed loop.First the modes and experiences of carbon assets management in major international oil companies is introduced.Then the objective logical relationship and linkage laws between carbon assets management and enterprise value creation are comprehensively analyzed by integrating the basic theories of economics and management.On this basis,a value-creation oriented carbon assets management system for oil companies is constructed,mainly covering aspects such as enterprise strategy,control mechanisms,carbon inventory,and management modes.展开更多
This paper explores the audit risks associated with the recognition of data assets on financial statements,focusing on the complexities arising from their replicability,unique valuation patterns,and contextual depende...This paper explores the audit risks associated with the recognition of data assets on financial statements,focusing on the complexities arising from their replicability,unique valuation patterns,and contextual dependencies.It identifies major misstatement risks at both the financial statement and assertion levels,including the potential for management to exaggerate data asset values,uncertainties in valuation methods,and deficiencies in data governance and internal controls.Additionally,auditors’lack of professional knowledge and inappropriate audit methods can lead to inspection risks.The paper emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced accounting standards for data assets,effective guidelines for their recognition and measurement,and robust internal controls.Furthermore,it advocates for the exploration of effective valuation methods and the incorporation of advanced technologies,such as big data and AI,into auditing practices.By improving auditor training and methodologies,organizations can better manage the inherent risks associated with data asset auditing.展开更多
Fixed assets in universities occupy an important position in university management due to their wide coverage and large amount of money.Due to insufficient funding supply,private universities mainly focus on the alloc...Fixed assets in universities occupy an important position in university management due to their wide coverage and large amount of money.Due to insufficient funding supply,private universities mainly focus on the allocation and utilization of fixed assets,which reflects the overall characteristics of cautious allocation,maximum utilization,and delayed elimination in the actual management of fixed assets.This article aims to conduct research and analysis on the entire lifecycle process of the allocation,use,and disposal of fixed assets in private universities,summarize the problems existing in the internal control of fixed assets in private universities,and propose corresponding countermeasures and suggestions in a targeted manner.展开更多
In the current digital era, it is difficult to preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of an organization’s information and technology assets against cyber attacks. Organizations cannot rely solely ...In the current digital era, it is difficult to preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of an organization’s information and technology assets against cyber attacks. Organizations cannot rely solely on technical solutions for defense, since many cyber attacks attempt to exploit non-technical vulnerabilities such as how well employees comply with the organization’s cybersecurity policies. This study surveyed 245 randomly selected employees of government organizations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with an electronically distributed questionnaire about factors that influence employees’ compliance with cybersecurity policies. The study found that ethical factors had the most influence on employee compliance with cybersecurity policies, followed in decreasing order of influence by legislative factors, technical factors, and administrative factors.展开更多
The Standardization Administration of China(SAC)has published a newly revised voluntary national standard,GB/T 14885-2022,Basic classification and codes of fixed assets and other assets.Supported by SAC and organized ...The Standardization Administration of China(SAC)has published a newly revised voluntary national standard,GB/T 14885-2022,Basic classification and codes of fixed assets and other assets.Supported by SAC and organized by the Ministry of Finance,it took 3 years to complete the revision of GB/T 14885,which adopted the opinions of all sectors of society and industry administrative departments.展开更多
Nowadays,the carbon markets in the world have increasingly matured and carbon trading have flourished in China.In the framework of carbon trading,the carbon emission right has become a tradable special commodity,and i...Nowadays,the carbon markets in the world have increasingly matured and carbon trading have flourished in China.In the framework of carbon trading,the carbon emission right has become a tradable special commodity,and it has financial feature and asset feature.Relying on the business entities,carbon assets management joins up the virtual carbon emission right,financial capital and real economy,restructures existing carbon resources of enterprises and impacts the current international economic pattern.At present,however,the carbon assets management systems and market rules of our country remains to be perfect.How to increase the efficiency of carbon asset management,how to further improve the carbon management,how to further improve the carbon asset management method and mechanism have become the common issue of China’s academia and practice.展开更多
Internet finance has structural impact and market impact on commercial banking.Various forms of Internet finance such as third-party payment,crowdfunding,P2P lending,and internet money funds have emerged.Due to their ...Internet finance has structural impact and market impact on commercial banking.Various forms of Internet finance such as third-party payment,crowdfunding,P2P lending,and internet money funds have emerged.Due to their low cost,high efficiency,and diversification characteristics,an increasing number of people are utilizing Internet finance for their businesses.This trend significantly affects traditional commercial banking operations and presents challenges.In order to gain competitive advantages through Internet finance,this paper explores how commercial banks can leverage their traditional business models.It introduces the concept,model,and characteristics of Internet finance;analyzes the importance of asset management for commercial banks;examines the influence of Internet on commercial bank’s asset management;finally proposes countermeasures for the development of Internet finance.It is advocated that commercial banks should actively explore the road of“structured finance”with all-round structural reform in the future.展开更多
Mobile games are gaining in popularity among students, although the factors driving engagement remain poorly understood. This study, conducted among 378 students studying for a Bachelor’s degree in Computer and Digit...Mobile games are gaining in popularity among students, although the factors driving engagement remain poorly understood. This study, conducted among 378 students studying for a Bachelor’s degree in Computer and Digital Sciences at the Université Virtuelle de Côte d’Ivoire, explores the influence of game assets and colours on player engagement. Using an online questionnaire, the study identified students’ gaming preferences and their perception of colours. The results show that the key elements most favoured by students are graphics, sound design, the game system, narrative, interactivity and accessibility. What’s more, colour plays a decisive role in their preferences and commitment to educational mobile games.展开更多
As data is incorporated into production factors,the Accounting discipline should intensively study the new data asset.Starting from the analysis of the value attribute,right attribute,and relationship attribute of the...As data is incorporated into production factors,the Accounting discipline should intensively study the new data asset.Starting from the analysis of the value attribute,right attribute,and relationship attribute of the data,it is found that under certain conditions,the data has complete Accounting attributes and can be included in the assets.The Accounting discipline shall establish the research direction of Data Asset Accounting and focus on the research,including the recognition and measurement of data assets,the value evaluation of data assets,information disclosure,and Data Asset Accounting standards.Data assets are facing the major challenge of integrating into the Accounting discipline.We can carry out the Accounting professional reform and textbook construction facing the practice of data assets management from the aspects of theoretical construction,talent training,and industry research cooperation.展开更多
Effective engineering asset management(EAM)is critical to economic development and improving livability in society,but its complexity often impedes optimal asset functionalities.Digital twins(DTs)could revolutionize t...Effective engineering asset management(EAM)is critical to economic development and improving livability in society,but its complexity often impedes optimal asset functionalities.Digital twins(DTs)could revolutionize the EAM paradigm by bidirectionally linking the physical and digital worlds in real time.There is great industrial and academic interest in DTs for EAM.However,previous review studies have predominately focused on technical aspects using limited life-cycle perspectives,failing to holistically synthesize DTs for EAM from the managerial point of view.Based on a systematic literature review,we introduce an analytical framework for describing DTs for EAM,which encompasses three levels:DT 1.0 for technical EAM,DT 2.0 for technical-human EAM,and DT 3.0 for technical-environmental EAM.Using this framework,we identify what is known,what is unknown,and future directions at each level.DT 1.0 addresses issues of asset quality,progress,and cost management,generating technical value.It lacks multi-objective self-adaptive EAM,however,and suffers from high application cost.It is imperative to enable closed-loop EAM in order to provide various functional services with affordable DT 1.0.DT 2.0 accommodates issues of human-machine symbiosis,safety,and flexibility management,generating managerial value beyond the technical performance improvement of engineering assets.However,DT 2.0 currently lacks the automation and security of human-machine interactions and the managerial value related to humans is not prominent enough.Future research needs to align technical and managerial value with highly automated and secure DT 2.0.DT 3.0 covers issues of participatory governance,organization management,sustainable development,and resilience enhancement,generating macro social value.Yet it suffers from organizational fragmentation and can only address limited social governance issues.Numerous research opportunities exist to coordinate different stakeholders.Similarly,future research opportunities exist to develop DT 3.0 in a more open and complex system.展开更多
Asset-backed securities are developed through complex processes such as asset restructuring and credit enhancement.Therefore,the information asymmetry between issuers and investors is greater compared to traditional s...Asset-backed securities are developed through complex processes such as asset restructuring and credit enhancement.Therefore,the information asymmetry between issuers and investors is greater compared to traditional securities,which imposes higher requirements on information disclosure for asset-backed securities.Asset-backed securities have characteristics such as diversified disclosers,differentiated disclosure content,and specialized risk factors.China has already formulated a series of rules and regulations regarding information disclosure of asset-backed securities.It is imperative to develop specialized laws and regulations for asset-backed securities,encompass original equity holders and credit enhancement agencies as information disclosers,incorporate information such as underlying asset details,cash flow projections,and credit ratings and enhancements into the disclosure content,and improve the legal liability rules to effectively address false disclosures.展开更多
As educational activities realize value transmission and value realization through a digital form, the Digital transformation of universities continues to advance. The quantity of asset data continues to grow, with in...As educational activities realize value transmission and value realization through a digital form, the Digital transformation of universities continues to advance. The quantity of asset data continues to grow, with internal value reflected in education, management, and services, while external value is reflected in policies, resources and reputation. Therefore, effective management of university assets is particularly important. Blockchain is an important infrastructure for Digital transformation, which provides a trusted environment for the occurrence of various collaborations and will reshape many collaboration mechanisms. This paper discusses the current situation and problems faced by universities in the process of Digital transformation. We analyze the development opportunities brought about by Digital transformation and the specific problems faced by physical asset management in detail. We discuss the data platform optimization, asset data application, digital asset security, planning strategy, and construction path of digital transformation involved in the physical asset management of universities.展开更多
Based on field visit and interview,the current situation of snow village in China is summarized from four aspects:core scenic spots in snow village,skiing industry in snow village,film and television industry in snow ...Based on field visit and interview,the current situation of snow village in China is summarized from four aspects:core scenic spots in snow village,skiing industry in snow village,film and television industry in snow village,and ice and snow agritainment.The investigation found that there are still significant problems in homogenization,scenic area infrastructure,and government regulation in snow village.Targeted solutions are proposed from four aspects:tapping internal advantages,strengthening top-level design and infrastructure construction,promoting tourism industry upgrading,and collaborating to innovate the ice and snow tourism supply chain,in order to further promote the economic development of snow village.展开更多
During the 14th Five Year Plan period,the main task of talent team construction in China’s asset appraisal industry was to develop innovative talent training models.Therefore,this article focuses on the talent cultiv...During the 14th Five Year Plan period,the main task of talent team construction in China’s asset appraisal industry was to develop innovative talent training models.Therefore,this article focuses on the talent cultivation model of integrating industry and education in asset evaluation in universities,systematically summarizes the theoretical and practical significance of research on asset evaluation talent cultivation models in universities,and explores the construction measures of asset evaluation talent cultivation models based on the integration of industry and education that meet social needs and the development of the times[1].At the same time,the strategy of constructing a deep integration talent training system was explored,guided by the integration of industry and education,to cultivate asset evaluation composite talents with strong practical skills.The aim is to provide a reference for improving the quality of asset evaluation professionals in China and promoting the development of asset evaluation talent training models.展开更多
Over the last 10 years there have been significant developments and improvements in the understanding of railway track bed in the UK and its relationship and impact on track quality,ballast life and maintenance follow...Over the last 10 years there have been significant developments and improvements in the understanding of railway track bed in the UK and its relationship and impact on track quality,ballast life and maintenance following track renewals.This paper aims to describe the process adopted by Network Rail for track bed investigation and design which offers Network Rail optimum design solutions and value for money from an investigation and construction perspective,balancing design with possession availability to maximise construction output.It also describes innovative investigation and construction techniques that have been developed over the last 5 years maximising the use of rail mounted asset condition data collection systems which run at line speed,allowing targeted investigations and in some case removing the requirements for physical site investigation.It also allows Network Rail to predict sections of track bed which may be affected by line speed increases which would cause the track bed to fail prematurely or,retain its ability to maintain good track geometry post line speed increase.These problems can manifest themselves as stiffness related problems such as critical velocity issues(surface wave velocity,Rayleigh Wave velocity)or,sub-grade erosion resulting in high rates of deterioration in the vertical track geometry.The paper also describes the development and installation process for Enhanced Axial Micropiles to address stiffness related track bed problems whilst leaving the track in-situ a technique which is new to the UK railways.展开更多
As the development of the social marketing in China,intangible asset has been highly valued.While in China,this step of improving the intangible asset is just beginning.In 2006,the intangible asset was been modified i...As the development of the social marketing in China,intangible asset has been highly valued.While in China,this step of improving the intangible asset is just beginning.In 2006,the intangible asset was been modified in the new <Corporate Accounting Standard>.It is connected with the international accounting system.Therefore,the intangible asset is the essential point in the company’s success.The essay will study through the accounting problems of intangible asset to analysis that the importance of intangible asset in Chinese companies and the problems that companies should take care of.展开更多
Under climate change, rising frequency and serious extreme weather events have challenged agricultural production. Designing appropriate adaptation measures to the extreme weather events require rigorous and empirical...Under climate change, rising frequency and serious extreme weather events have challenged agricultural production. Designing appropriate adaptation measures to the extreme weather events require rigorous and empirical analysis. The overall goals of this study are to understand physical adaptation measures taken by farmers and the impacts of household and community assets on farmers＇ adaptation when they face drought. The analyses are based on a unique data set collected from a household survey in three provinces in China. The survey results show that though not common on annual basis, some farmers did use physical adaptation measures to fight drought. Regression analysis reveals that both household and community assets significantly affect farmers＇ adaptation behaviors. Improving households＇ social capital and wealth, communities＇ network and access to government＇s anti-drought service can facilitate farmers＇ adaptation to drought. Results indicate that community＇s irrigation infrastructure and physical adaptation taken by farmers can substitute each other. Further analysis shows that the households taking adaptation measures have higher crop yields than those without taking these measures. The paper concludes with several policy implications.展开更多
Life-cycle cost(LCC)theory can be effectively applied to improve the efficiency and quality of power plant equipment and asset management.However,specific aspects of the LCC calculation and evaluation model require fu...Life-cycle cost(LCC)theory can be effectively applied to improve the efficiency and quality of power plant equipment and asset management.However,specific aspects of the LCC calculation and evaluation model require further research for practical application.This paper proposes an LCC assessment model for the management of electric power plant equipment during its service life.A membership function method based on fuzzy logic is used to improve the allocation of modernization and overhaul projects to multiple equipment assets.An LCC assessment model and evaluation system for power equipment are proposed and successfully applied to the equipment and project management of a Guangzhou power plant in the China Southern Power Grid,providing a decision-making mechanism that facilitates efficient operation and optimal utilization of power plant equipment and assets.展开更多
Over the last decade,a significant increase has been observed in the use of web-based Information systems that process sensitive information,e.g.,personal,financial,medical.With this increased use,the security of such...Over the last decade,a significant increase has been observed in the use of web-based Information systems that process sensitive information,e.g.,personal,financial,medical.With this increased use,the security of such systems became a crucial aspect to ensure safety,integrity and authenticity of the data.To achieve the objectives of data safety,security testing is performed.However,with growth and diversity of information systems,it is challenging to apply security testing for each and every system.Therefore,it is important to classify the assets based on their required level of security using an appropriate technique.In this paper,we propose an asset security classification technique to classify the System Under Test(SUT)based on various factors such as system exposure,data criticality and security requirements.We perform an extensive evaluation of our technique on a sample of 451 information systems.Further,we use security testing on a sample extracted from the resulting prioritized systems to investigate the presence of vulnerabilities.Our technique achieved promising results of successfully assigning security levels to various assets in the tested environments and also found several vulnerabilities in them.展开更多
Livelihood assets are a matter of high concern for secured survival.Drought-prone Gamo lowland households have differential access to livelihood resources which indicates the varying capacity of resisting to shocks.Th...Livelihood assets are a matter of high concern for secured survival.Drought-prone Gamo lowland households have differential access to livelihood resources which indicates the varying capacity of resisting to shocks.The main objective of this study is to explore the impacts of livelihood assets on livelihood security in the drought-prone Gamo lowlands.Multistage sampling procedures were employed to select the study sites and sample respondents.Primary data of households’capital assets and livelihood security status were produced from 285 survey households,agricultural experts,key informants,focus group discussants,and field observation through transect walks.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data,whereas discussions and annotations were employed for analyzing qualitative data.The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework is used with modifications to schematize the study conceptually.The findings indicated that the study households possessed combinations of livelihood resources differentially.Financial and natural capitals were found to be the most deficient and better-accessed capitals,respectively.The study also showed that lowland residents’access to assets has significant indications of livelihood security.Households’poor access to assets such as financial,information,and social capital demands raised attention of the concerned stakeholders and policy debates in the drought-prone rural setup.Hence,it has been concluded that the more assets are accessed,the stronger the capacity of the households to resist shocks,and better the livelihood security.Accordingly,enhancing people’s access to multiple livelihood assets is suggested to sustainably secure livelihoods.展开更多
文摘As climate change draws more attention globally,the development of low-carbon economy has become an inevitable choice for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The increasingly strict control of carbon emission is making carbon emission rights a scarce resource and endowing the rights with the attributes of assets and commodities.China has announced the goal of“carbon emission peaking before 2030 and carbon neutralization before 2060”.Responding to this goal,as major carbon emitters,oil companies play the role of a driving force for green and low-carbon development.Carbon assets management is a key path for oil companies to achieve emission reduction goals and low-carbon transformation.However,the carbon assets management of China’s oil companies is still in the initial stage,with the system and regulations not yet sound,and the management process not yet closed loop.First the modes and experiences of carbon assets management in major international oil companies is introduced.Then the objective logical relationship and linkage laws between carbon assets management and enterprise value creation are comprehensively analyzed by integrating the basic theories of economics and management.On this basis,a value-creation oriented carbon assets management system for oil companies is constructed,mainly covering aspects such as enterprise strategy,control mechanisms,carbon inventory,and management modes.
文摘This paper explores the audit risks associated with the recognition of data assets on financial statements,focusing on the complexities arising from their replicability,unique valuation patterns,and contextual dependencies.It identifies major misstatement risks at both the financial statement and assertion levels,including the potential for management to exaggerate data asset values,uncertainties in valuation methods,and deficiencies in data governance and internal controls.Additionally,auditors’lack of professional knowledge and inappropriate audit methods can lead to inspection risks.The paper emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced accounting standards for data assets,effective guidelines for their recognition and measurement,and robust internal controls.Furthermore,it advocates for the exploration of effective valuation methods and the incorporation of advanced technologies,such as big data and AI,into auditing practices.By improving auditor training and methodologies,organizations can better manage the inherent risks associated with data asset auditing.
文摘Fixed assets in universities occupy an important position in university management due to their wide coverage and large amount of money.Due to insufficient funding supply,private universities mainly focus on the allocation and utilization of fixed assets,which reflects the overall characteristics of cautious allocation,maximum utilization,and delayed elimination in the actual management of fixed assets.This article aims to conduct research and analysis on the entire lifecycle process of the allocation,use,and disposal of fixed assets in private universities,summarize the problems existing in the internal control of fixed assets in private universities,and propose corresponding countermeasures and suggestions in a targeted manner.
文摘In the current digital era, it is difficult to preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of an organization’s information and technology assets against cyber attacks. Organizations cannot rely solely on technical solutions for defense, since many cyber attacks attempt to exploit non-technical vulnerabilities such as how well employees comply with the organization’s cybersecurity policies. This study surveyed 245 randomly selected employees of government organizations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with an electronically distributed questionnaire about factors that influence employees’ compliance with cybersecurity policies. The study found that ethical factors had the most influence on employee compliance with cybersecurity policies, followed in decreasing order of influence by legislative factors, technical factors, and administrative factors.
文摘The Standardization Administration of China(SAC)has published a newly revised voluntary national standard,GB/T 14885-2022,Basic classification and codes of fixed assets and other assets.Supported by SAC and organized by the Ministry of Finance,it took 3 years to complete the revision of GB/T 14885,which adopted the opinions of all sectors of society and industry administrative departments.
文摘Nowadays,the carbon markets in the world have increasingly matured and carbon trading have flourished in China.In the framework of carbon trading,the carbon emission right has become a tradable special commodity,and it has financial feature and asset feature.Relying on the business entities,carbon assets management joins up the virtual carbon emission right,financial capital and real economy,restructures existing carbon resources of enterprises and impacts the current international economic pattern.At present,however,the carbon assets management systems and market rules of our country remains to be perfect.How to increase the efficiency of carbon asset management,how to further improve the carbon management,how to further improve the carbon asset management method and mechanism have become the common issue of China’s academia and practice.
文摘Internet finance has structural impact and market impact on commercial banking.Various forms of Internet finance such as third-party payment,crowdfunding,P2P lending,and internet money funds have emerged.Due to their low cost,high efficiency,and diversification characteristics,an increasing number of people are utilizing Internet finance for their businesses.This trend significantly affects traditional commercial banking operations and presents challenges.In order to gain competitive advantages through Internet finance,this paper explores how commercial banks can leverage their traditional business models.It introduces the concept,model,and characteristics of Internet finance;analyzes the importance of asset management for commercial banks;examines the influence of Internet on commercial bank’s asset management;finally proposes countermeasures for the development of Internet finance.It is advocated that commercial banks should actively explore the road of“structured finance”with all-round structural reform in the future.
文摘Mobile games are gaining in popularity among students, although the factors driving engagement remain poorly understood. This study, conducted among 378 students studying for a Bachelor’s degree in Computer and Digital Sciences at the Université Virtuelle de Côte d’Ivoire, explores the influence of game assets and colours on player engagement. Using an online questionnaire, the study identified students’ gaming preferences and their perception of colours. The results show that the key elements most favoured by students are graphics, sound design, the game system, narrative, interactivity and accessibility. What’s more, colour plays a decisive role in their preferences and commitment to educational mobile games.
文摘As data is incorporated into production factors,the Accounting discipline should intensively study the new data asset.Starting from the analysis of the value attribute,right attribute,and relationship attribute of the data,it is found that under certain conditions,the data has complete Accounting attributes and can be included in the assets.The Accounting discipline shall establish the research direction of Data Asset Accounting and focus on the research,including the recognition and measurement of data assets,the value evaluation of data assets,information disclosure,and Data Asset Accounting standards.Data assets are facing the major challenge of integrating into the Accounting discipline.We can carry out the Accounting professional reform and textbook construction facing the practice of data assets management from the aspects of theoretical construction,talent training,and industry research cooperation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72001160)the National Social Science Fund of China(19VDL001 and 18ZDA043)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(2022YFC3801700)the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement(101034337)the Support Program for Young and Middle-Tech Leading Talents of Tongji University.
文摘Effective engineering asset management(EAM)is critical to economic development and improving livability in society,but its complexity often impedes optimal asset functionalities.Digital twins(DTs)could revolutionize the EAM paradigm by bidirectionally linking the physical and digital worlds in real time.There is great industrial and academic interest in DTs for EAM.However,previous review studies have predominately focused on technical aspects using limited life-cycle perspectives,failing to holistically synthesize DTs for EAM from the managerial point of view.Based on a systematic literature review,we introduce an analytical framework for describing DTs for EAM,which encompasses three levels:DT 1.0 for technical EAM,DT 2.0 for technical-human EAM,and DT 3.0 for technical-environmental EAM.Using this framework,we identify what is known,what is unknown,and future directions at each level.DT 1.0 addresses issues of asset quality,progress,and cost management,generating technical value.It lacks multi-objective self-adaptive EAM,however,and suffers from high application cost.It is imperative to enable closed-loop EAM in order to provide various functional services with affordable DT 1.0.DT 2.0 accommodates issues of human-machine symbiosis,safety,and flexibility management,generating managerial value beyond the technical performance improvement of engineering assets.However,DT 2.0 currently lacks the automation and security of human-machine interactions and the managerial value related to humans is not prominent enough.Future research needs to align technical and managerial value with highly automated and secure DT 2.0.DT 3.0 covers issues of participatory governance,organization management,sustainable development,and resilience enhancement,generating macro social value.Yet it suffers from organizational fragmentation and can only address limited social governance issues.Numerous research opportunities exist to coordinate different stakeholders.Similarly,future research opportunities exist to develop DT 3.0 in a more open and complex system.
文摘Asset-backed securities are developed through complex processes such as asset restructuring and credit enhancement.Therefore,the information asymmetry between issuers and investors is greater compared to traditional securities,which imposes higher requirements on information disclosure for asset-backed securities.Asset-backed securities have characteristics such as diversified disclosers,differentiated disclosure content,and specialized risk factors.China has already formulated a series of rules and regulations regarding information disclosure of asset-backed securities.It is imperative to develop specialized laws and regulations for asset-backed securities,encompass original equity holders and credit enhancement agencies as information disclosers,incorporate information such as underlying asset details,cash flow projections,and credit ratings and enhancements into the disclosure content,and improve the legal liability rules to effectively address false disclosures.
文摘As educational activities realize value transmission and value realization through a digital form, the Digital transformation of universities continues to advance. The quantity of asset data continues to grow, with internal value reflected in education, management, and services, while external value is reflected in policies, resources and reputation. Therefore, effective management of university assets is particularly important. Blockchain is an important infrastructure for Digital transformation, which provides a trusted environment for the occurrence of various collaborations and will reshape many collaboration mechanisms. This paper discusses the current situation and problems faced by universities in the process of Digital transformation. We analyze the development opportunities brought about by Digital transformation and the specific problems faced by physical asset management in detail. We discuss the data platform optimization, asset data application, digital asset security, planning strategy, and construction path of digital transformation involved in the physical asset management of universities.
文摘Based on field visit and interview,the current situation of snow village in China is summarized from four aspects:core scenic spots in snow village,skiing industry in snow village,film and television industry in snow village,and ice and snow agritainment.The investigation found that there are still significant problems in homogenization,scenic area infrastructure,and government regulation in snow village.Targeted solutions are proposed from four aspects:tapping internal advantages,strengthening top-level design and infrastructure construction,promoting tourism industry upgrading,and collaborating to innovate the ice and snow tourism supply chain,in order to further promote the economic development of snow village.
文摘During the 14th Five Year Plan period,the main task of talent team construction in China’s asset appraisal industry was to develop innovative talent training models.Therefore,this article focuses on the talent cultivation model of integrating industry and education in asset evaluation in universities,systematically summarizes the theoretical and practical significance of research on asset evaluation talent cultivation models in universities,and explores the construction measures of asset evaluation talent cultivation models based on the integration of industry and education that meet social needs and the development of the times[1].At the same time,the strategy of constructing a deep integration talent training system was explored,guided by the integration of industry and education,to cultivate asset evaluation composite talents with strong practical skills.The aim is to provide a reference for improving the quality of asset evaluation professionals in China and promoting the development of asset evaluation talent training models.
文摘Over the last 10 years there have been significant developments and improvements in the understanding of railway track bed in the UK and its relationship and impact on track quality,ballast life and maintenance following track renewals.This paper aims to describe the process adopted by Network Rail for track bed investigation and design which offers Network Rail optimum design solutions and value for money from an investigation and construction perspective,balancing design with possession availability to maximise construction output.It also describes innovative investigation and construction techniques that have been developed over the last 5 years maximising the use of rail mounted asset condition data collection systems which run at line speed,allowing targeted investigations and in some case removing the requirements for physical site investigation.It also allows Network Rail to predict sections of track bed which may be affected by line speed increases which would cause the track bed to fail prematurely or,retain its ability to maintain good track geometry post line speed increase.These problems can manifest themselves as stiffness related problems such as critical velocity issues(surface wave velocity,Rayleigh Wave velocity)or,sub-grade erosion resulting in high rates of deterioration in the vertical track geometry.The paper also describes the development and installation process for Enhanced Axial Micropiles to address stiffness related track bed problems whilst leaving the track in-situ a technique which is new to the UK railways.
文摘As the development of the social marketing in China,intangible asset has been highly valued.While in China,this step of improving the intangible asset is just beginning.In 2006,the intangible asset was been modified in the new <Corporate Accounting Standard>.It is connected with the international accounting system.Therefore,the intangible asset is the essential point in the company’s success.The essay will study through the accounting problems of intangible asset to analysis that the importance of intangible asset in Chinese companies and the problems that companies should take care of.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2012CB955700)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(70925001,71161140351)+1 种基金the International Development Research Center(107093-001)the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research(ADP/2010/070)
文摘Under climate change, rising frequency and serious extreme weather events have challenged agricultural production. Designing appropriate adaptation measures to the extreme weather events require rigorous and empirical analysis. The overall goals of this study are to understand physical adaptation measures taken by farmers and the impacts of household and community assets on farmers＇ adaptation when they face drought. The analyses are based on a unique data set collected from a household survey in three provinces in China. The survey results show that though not common on annual basis, some farmers did use physical adaptation measures to fight drought. Regression analysis reveals that both household and community assets significantly affect farmers＇ adaptation behaviors. Improving households＇ social capital and wealth, communities＇ network and access to government＇s anti-drought service can facilitate farmers＇ adaptation to drought. Results indicate that community＇s irrigation infrastructure and physical adaptation taken by farmers can substitute each other. Further analysis shows that the households taking adaptation measures have higher crop yields than those without taking these measures. The paper concludes with several policy implications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1966210).
文摘Life-cycle cost(LCC)theory can be effectively applied to improve the efficiency and quality of power plant equipment and asset management.However,specific aspects of the LCC calculation and evaluation model require further research for practical application.This paper proposes an LCC assessment model for the management of electric power plant equipment during its service life.A membership function method based on fuzzy logic is used to improve the allocation of modernization and overhaul projects to multiple equipment assets.An LCC assessment model and evaluation system for power equipment are proposed and successfully applied to the equipment and project management of a Guangzhou power plant in the China Southern Power Grid,providing a decision-making mechanism that facilitates efficient operation and optimal utilization of power plant equipment and assets.
基金the Higher Education Commission(HEC),Pakistan throughits initiative of National Center for Cyber Security for the affiliated Security Testing-Innovative SecuredSystems Lab(ISSL)established at University of Engineering&Technology(UET)Peshawar,Grant No.2(1078)/HEC/M&E/2018/707.
文摘Over the last decade,a significant increase has been observed in the use of web-based Information systems that process sensitive information,e.g.,personal,financial,medical.With this increased use,the security of such systems became a crucial aspect to ensure safety,integrity and authenticity of the data.To achieve the objectives of data safety,security testing is performed.However,with growth and diversity of information systems,it is challenging to apply security testing for each and every system.Therefore,it is important to classify the assets based on their required level of security using an appropriate technique.In this paper,we propose an asset security classification technique to classify the System Under Test(SUT)based on various factors such as system exposure,data criticality and security requirements.We perform an extensive evaluation of our technique on a sample of 451 information systems.Further,we use security testing on a sample extracted from the resulting prioritized systems to investigate the presence of vulnerabilities.Our technique achieved promising results of successfully assigning security levels to various assets in the tested environments and also found several vulnerabilities in them.
文摘Livelihood assets are a matter of high concern for secured survival.Drought-prone Gamo lowland households have differential access to livelihood resources which indicates the varying capacity of resisting to shocks.The main objective of this study is to explore the impacts of livelihood assets on livelihood security in the drought-prone Gamo lowlands.Multistage sampling procedures were employed to select the study sites and sample respondents.Primary data of households’capital assets and livelihood security status were produced from 285 survey households,agricultural experts,key informants,focus group discussants,and field observation through transect walks.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data,whereas discussions and annotations were employed for analyzing qualitative data.The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework is used with modifications to schematize the study conceptually.The findings indicated that the study households possessed combinations of livelihood resources differentially.Financial and natural capitals were found to be the most deficient and better-accessed capitals,respectively.The study also showed that lowland residents’access to assets has significant indications of livelihood security.Households’poor access to assets such as financial,information,and social capital demands raised attention of the concerned stakeholders and policy debates in the drought-prone rural setup.Hence,it has been concluded that the more assets are accessed,the stronger the capacity of the households to resist shocks,and better the livelihood security.Accordingly,enhancing people’s access to multiple livelihood assets is suggested to sustainably secure livelihoods.
