Reservoir islands formed by dam construction have the same history,clear boundaries,and large numbers that provide a natural platform for testing theories in ecology and biogeography.In this paper,we review studies of...Reservoir islands formed by dam construction have the same history,clear boundaries,and large numbers that provide a natural platform for testing theories in ecology and biogeography.In this paper,we review studies of multiple zoological taxa on reservoir islands of a large lake in eastern China(Thousand Island Lake).This lake,created in 1959,has 1078 artificial land-bridge islands of varying areas and isolation.Our review summarizes the decades-long studies in island biogeography and habitat fragmentation from this island system,grouped into three topics:species richness(“how many species are there”),community structure(“who are they”),and species interaction(“how they interact with each other”).Our findings support the predictions of the Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography and extend this theory to predict community structure of island faunas by moving beyond assumptions of species equivalency.In addition,the extensive studies on ecological networks,including mutualistic,antagonistic,and parasitic interactions,reveal the negative impacts of habitat loss on the maintenance of such networks,even as increasing forest edge enhances the robustness of pollination networks.At the end of this review,we proposed several future research directions based on current studies that are simultaneously at the frontier of ecology and biogeography.展开更多
A model based on Watson’s power law for the species-area relationship predicts that full global warming, projected up to the year 2050, could provoke the disappearance of roughly one-quarter of existing species. Here...A model based on Watson’s power law for the species-area relationship predicts that full global warming, projected up to the year 2050, could provoke the disappearance of roughly one-quarter of existing species. Here, an alternative approach is worked out, based on the combination of two ecology laws: Taylor and Watson’s power laws, where the former relates species variability with their mean abundance. Just how severely global warming would affect not only the number but the diversity of the surviving species is addressed by this approach, while at the same time giving indications for the post-disaster fate of the remaining species (extinction or recovery).展开更多
Although many species have gone extinct,their genetic components might exist in extant species because of ancient hybridization.Via advances in genome sequencing and development of modern population genetics,one can f...Although many species have gone extinct,their genetic components might exist in extant species because of ancient hybridization.Via advances in genome sequencing and development of modern population genetics,one can find the legacy of unknown or extinct species in the context of available genomes from extant species.Such discovery can be used as a strategy to search for hidden species or fossils in conservation biology and archeology,gain novel insight into complex evolutionary history,and provide the new sources of genetic variation for breeding and trait improvement in agriculture.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030066,32071545,32371590,32301330,32001124,32101268,32101278)。
文摘Reservoir islands formed by dam construction have the same history,clear boundaries,and large numbers that provide a natural platform for testing theories in ecology and biogeography.In this paper,we review studies of multiple zoological taxa on reservoir islands of a large lake in eastern China(Thousand Island Lake).This lake,created in 1959,has 1078 artificial land-bridge islands of varying areas and isolation.Our review summarizes the decades-long studies in island biogeography and habitat fragmentation from this island system,grouped into three topics:species richness(“how many species are there”),community structure(“who are they”),and species interaction(“how they interact with each other”).Our findings support the predictions of the Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography and extend this theory to predict community structure of island faunas by moving beyond assumptions of species equivalency.In addition,the extensive studies on ecological networks,including mutualistic,antagonistic,and parasitic interactions,reveal the negative impacts of habitat loss on the maintenance of such networks,even as increasing forest edge enhances the robustness of pollination networks.At the end of this review,we proposed several future research directions based on current studies that are simultaneously at the frontier of ecology and biogeography.
基金supported by grants from FAPESP,CNEN and CNPq,Brazilian funding agencies for the promotion of science.
文摘A model based on Watson’s power law for the species-area relationship predicts that full global warming, projected up to the year 2050, could provoke the disappearance of roughly one-quarter of existing species. Here, an alternative approach is worked out, based on the combination of two ecology laws: Taylor and Watson’s power laws, where the former relates species variability with their mean abundance. Just how severely global warming would affect not only the number but the diversity of the surviving species is addressed by this approach, while at the same time giving indications for the post-disaster fate of the remaining species (extinction or recovery).
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA2004010302)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(2019QZKK05010703)+1 种基金the Young Academic and Technical Leagder Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province(2018HB033)D.-D.W.was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31822048 and 31621062)。
文摘Although many species have gone extinct,their genetic components might exist in extant species because of ancient hybridization.Via advances in genome sequencing and development of modern population genetics,one can find the legacy of unknown or extinct species in the context of available genomes from extant species.Such discovery can be used as a strategy to search for hidden species or fossils in conservation biology and archeology,gain novel insight into complex evolutionary history,and provide the new sources of genetic variation for breeding and trait improvement in agriculture.
