The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangrov...The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangroves were analyzed in Dongzhai Harbor in Hainan Island,and the results showed that the average tree height,crown width(CW) in east-west direction(E-W) and north-south direction(N-S) of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were decreased by 2.8%,14.3% and 12.1% respectively,but the average clear bole height was increased by 60.0% after tropical storm.For C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves,the average tree height and clear bole height were increased by 8.3% and 20.0%,but there was no change in CW(E-W) and CW(N-S).Therefore,tropical storm had greater effects on artificial mangroves than natural mangroves.After tropical storm,tree heights of different species increased in the following sequence:C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.apetala>S.caseolaris,and the sequence of effect degree on CW was C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.caseolaris>S.apetala,while it was C.tagal < R.stylosa < S.caseolaris < S.apetala for clear bole height.Under the effect of tropical storm,the average biomass loss and dry biomass loss of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were 0.22 and 0.13 t/hm2 respectively,while there was a minimal biomass loss in C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves.On the whole,the wind resistance of natural mangroves was better than artificial mangroves,and that of C.tagal was stronger than R.stylosa,while S.caseolaris was better than S.apetala.展开更多
We mainly discuss changes of precipitation in China due to growinggreenhouse gases using GCM1 model assuming the IPCC 'Business-as-Usual'Scenario. An increasing greenhouse effect will lead to precipitatio...We mainly discuss changes of precipitation in China due to growinggreenhouse gases using GCM1 model assuming the IPCC 'Business-as-Usual'Scenario. An increasing greenhouse effect will lead to precipitation increasesmostly in north of 30°N for winter, and strongly increases alap a slant belt fromNortheast China to Bay of Bangal for summer in China. The mp of increasingprecipitation are about 7.9, -0.7 and 13.6 percent for winter, and 6.4, 12.9 and 8.4percent for summer m China, Changjinang and Huanghe river valleys, respectively.The model results are also shown to imply that an increasing greenhouse effectenhances chanas of intense storms and shown for winter and summer in China.展开更多
National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data, automatic observation data, FY-2E satellite data and Doppler radar data are used to analyze a short-time local heavy rain in Yulin city, Shaanxi, Chi...National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data, automatic observation data, FY-2E satellite data and Doppler radar data are used to analyze a short-time local heavy rain in Yulin city, Shaanxi, China on August 7, 2018. The result shows that the strong convective weather occurred in peripheral subtropical high over west pacific, being caused by short wave disturbance, and surface convergence lines with positive pressure variation are corresponding to areas of short-time heavy precipitation. The degree of temperature change in cold pool caused by thunderstorm may decide the intensity of a short-time rainfall, and local topography plays an important role in extreme precipitation. Local water vapour accumulation and water vapour flux convergence in the middle and lower layers support adequate moisture condition in the process. Moving direction and development direction of mesocale convective cloud are in a line to develop the train effect, leading to local short-time heavy rain in Yulin city, Shaanxi, China.展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(2005DIB3J137)National Key Technology R & D Program in the 11th Five year Plan of China(2006BAD03A1402)+1 种基金948 Project of The State Forestry Administration(2006-4-34)The Doctoral Science Foundation of Hainan University(Rndy0703)
文摘The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangroves were analyzed in Dongzhai Harbor in Hainan Island,and the results showed that the average tree height,crown width(CW) in east-west direction(E-W) and north-south direction(N-S) of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were decreased by 2.8%,14.3% and 12.1% respectively,but the average clear bole height was increased by 60.0% after tropical storm.For C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves,the average tree height and clear bole height were increased by 8.3% and 20.0%,but there was no change in CW(E-W) and CW(N-S).Therefore,tropical storm had greater effects on artificial mangroves than natural mangroves.After tropical storm,tree heights of different species increased in the following sequence:C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.apetala>S.caseolaris,and the sequence of effect degree on CW was C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.caseolaris>S.apetala,while it was C.tagal < R.stylosa < S.caseolaris < S.apetala for clear bole height.Under the effect of tropical storm,the average biomass loss and dry biomass loss of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were 0.22 and 0.13 t/hm2 respectively,while there was a minimal biomass loss in C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves.On the whole,the wind resistance of natural mangroves was better than artificial mangroves,and that of C.tagal was stronger than R.stylosa,while S.caseolaris was better than S.apetala.
文摘We mainly discuss changes of precipitation in China due to growinggreenhouse gases using GCM1 model assuming the IPCC 'Business-as-Usual'Scenario. An increasing greenhouse effect will lead to precipitation increasesmostly in north of 30°N for winter, and strongly increases alap a slant belt fromNortheast China to Bay of Bangal for summer in China. The mp of increasingprecipitation are about 7.9, -0.7 and 13.6 percent for winter, and 6.4, 12.9 and 8.4percent for summer m China, Changjinang and Huanghe river valleys, respectively.The model results are also shown to imply that an increasing greenhouse effectenhances chanas of intense storms and shown for winter and summer in China.
文摘National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data, automatic observation data, FY-2E satellite data and Doppler radar data are used to analyze a short-time local heavy rain in Yulin city, Shaanxi, China on August 7, 2018. The result shows that the strong convective weather occurred in peripheral subtropical high over west pacific, being caused by short wave disturbance, and surface convergence lines with positive pressure variation are corresponding to areas of short-time heavy precipitation. The degree of temperature change in cold pool caused by thunderstorm may decide the intensity of a short-time rainfall, and local topography plays an important role in extreme precipitation. Local water vapour accumulation and water vapour flux convergence in the middle and lower layers support adequate moisture condition in the process. Moving direction and development direction of mesocale convective cloud are in a line to develop the train effect, leading to local short-time heavy rain in Yulin city, Shaanxi, China.
