With the explosive advancements in wireless communications and digital electronics,some tiny devices,sensors,became a part of our daily life in numerous elds.Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)is composed of tiny sensor de...With the explosive advancements in wireless communications and digital electronics,some tiny devices,sensors,became a part of our daily life in numerous elds.Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)is composed of tiny sensor devices.WSNs have emerged as a key technology enabling the realization of the Internet of Things(IoT).In particular,the sensor-based revolution of WSN-based IoT has led to considerable technological growth in nearly all circles of our life such as smart cities,smart homes,smart healthcare,security applications,environmental monitoring,etc.However,the limitations of energy,communication range,and computational resources are bottlenecks to the widespread applications of this technology.In order to tackle these issues,in this paper,we propose an Energy-efcient Transmission Range Optimized Model for IoT(ETROMI),which can optimize the transmission range of the sensor nodes to curb the hot-spot problem occurring in multi-hop communication.In particular,we maximize the transmission range by employing linear programming to alleviate the sensor nodes’energy consumption and considerably enhance the network longevity compared to that achievable using state-of-the-art algorithms.Through extensive simulation results,we demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model.ETROMI is expected to be extensively used for various smart city,smart home,and smart healthcare applications in which the transmission range of the sensor nodes is a key concern.展开更多
The necessary background as well as the details of simulation was presented to simulate and evaluate the performance of the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol in mobile ad hoc network with the help of t...The necessary background as well as the details of simulation was presented to simulate and evaluate the performance of the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol in mobile ad hoc network with the help of the network simulator NS2 using the common transmission range to deliver the data packets at the destination node. The number of participating nodes played an important role to predict the conditions for the best performance of the protocol with respect to throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio, drop packets, consumed and residual energy of the network. Further, the efforts can be put to control the transmission range dynamically and overheads for reducing the energy consumption in the network and improving its lifetime of the nodes and the lifespan of the network.展开更多
Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are an integral part of the Internet of Things(IoT)and are widely used in a plethora of applications.Typically,sensor networks operate in harsh environments where human intervention is of...Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are an integral part of the Internet of Things(IoT)and are widely used in a plethora of applications.Typically,sensor networks operate in harsh environments where human intervention is often restricted,which makes battery replacement for sensor nodes impractical.Node failure due to battery drainage or harsh environmental conditions poses serious challenges to the connectivity of the network.Without a connectivity restoration mechanism,node failures ultimately lead to a network partition,which affects the basic function of the sensor network.Therefore,the research community actively concentrates on addressing and solving the challenges associated with connectivity restoration in sensor networks.Since energy is a scarce resource in sensor networks,it becomes the focus of research,and researchers strive to propose new solutions that are energy efficient.The common issue that is well studied and considered is how to increase the network’s life span by solving the node failure problem and achieving efficient energy utilization.This paper introduces a Clusterbased Node Recovery(CNR)connectivity restoration mechanism based on the concept of clustering.Clustering is a well-known mechanism in sensor networks,and it is known for its energy-efficient operation and scalability.The proposed technique utilizes a distributed cluster-based approach to identify the failed nodes,while Cluster Heads(CHs)play a significant role in the restoration of connectivity.Extensive simulations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique and compare it with the existing techniques.The simulation results show that the proposed technique efficiently addresses node failure and restores connectivity by moving fewer nodes than other existing connectivity restoration mechanisms.The proposed mechanism also yields an improved field coverage as well as a lesser number of packets exchanged as compared to existing state-of-the-art mechanisms.展开更多
In vehicular Ad-hoc network（VANET）, many multi-hop broadcast schemes are employed to widely propagate the warning messages among vehicles and the key is to dynamically determine the optimal relay vehicle for retrans...In vehicular Ad-hoc network（VANET）, many multi-hop broadcast schemes are employed to widely propagate the warning messages among vehicles and the key is to dynamically determine the optimal relay vehicle for retransmission. In order to achieve reliable and fast delivery of warning messages, this paper proposes a delay-aware and reliable broadcast protocol（DR-BP） based on transmit power control technique. First, a comprehensive model is derived to evaluate the transmission in vehicle-to-vehicle communications. This model considers the wireless channel fading, transmission delay and retransmissions characters occurring in the physical layer/medium access control（PHY/MAC） layer. Then, a local optimal relay selection mechanism based on the above model is designed. In DR-BP scheme, only the vehicle selected as the optimal relays can forward warning messages and the transmit power is time-varying. Finally, extensive simulations verify the performance of DR-BP under different traffic scenarios. Simulation results show that DR-BP outperforms the traditional slotted 1-persistence（S1P） and flooding scheme in terms of packets delivery ratio and transmission delay.展开更多
基金supported by Korea Electric Power Corporation(Grant Number:R18XA02)。
文摘With the explosive advancements in wireless communications and digital electronics,some tiny devices,sensors,became a part of our daily life in numerous elds.Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)is composed of tiny sensor devices.WSNs have emerged as a key technology enabling the realization of the Internet of Things(IoT).In particular,the sensor-based revolution of WSN-based IoT has led to considerable technological growth in nearly all circles of our life such as smart cities,smart homes,smart healthcare,security applications,environmental monitoring,etc.However,the limitations of energy,communication range,and computational resources are bottlenecks to the widespread applications of this technology.In order to tackle these issues,in this paper,we propose an Energy-efcient Transmission Range Optimized Model for IoT(ETROMI),which can optimize the transmission range of the sensor nodes to curb the hot-spot problem occurring in multi-hop communication.In particular,we maximize the transmission range by employing linear programming to alleviate the sensor nodes’energy consumption and considerably enhance the network longevity compared to that achievable using state-of-the-art algorithms.Through extensive simulation results,we demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model.ETROMI is expected to be extensively used for various smart city,smart home,and smart healthcare applications in which the transmission range of the sensor nodes is a key concern.
文摘The necessary background as well as the details of simulation was presented to simulate and evaluate the performance of the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol in mobile ad hoc network with the help of the network simulator NS2 using the common transmission range to deliver the data packets at the destination node. The number of participating nodes played an important role to predict the conditions for the best performance of the protocol with respect to throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio, drop packets, consumed and residual energy of the network. Further, the efforts can be put to control the transmission range dynamically and overheads for reducing the energy consumption in the network and improving its lifetime of the nodes and the lifespan of the network.
基金This research is funded by Najran University Saudi Arabia,under the research Project Number(NU/ESCI/17/093).URL:www.nu.edu.sa。
文摘Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are an integral part of the Internet of Things(IoT)and are widely used in a plethora of applications.Typically,sensor networks operate in harsh environments where human intervention is often restricted,which makes battery replacement for sensor nodes impractical.Node failure due to battery drainage or harsh environmental conditions poses serious challenges to the connectivity of the network.Without a connectivity restoration mechanism,node failures ultimately lead to a network partition,which affects the basic function of the sensor network.Therefore,the research community actively concentrates on addressing and solving the challenges associated with connectivity restoration in sensor networks.Since energy is a scarce resource in sensor networks,it becomes the focus of research,and researchers strive to propose new solutions that are energy efficient.The common issue that is well studied and considered is how to increase the network’s life span by solving the node failure problem and achieving efficient energy utilization.This paper introduces a Clusterbased Node Recovery(CNR)connectivity restoration mechanism based on the concept of clustering.Clustering is a well-known mechanism in sensor networks,and it is known for its energy-efficient operation and scalability.The proposed technique utilizes a distributed cluster-based approach to identify the failed nodes,while Cluster Heads(CHs)play a significant role in the restoration of connectivity.Extensive simulations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique and compare it with the existing techniques.The simulation results show that the proposed technique efficiently addresses node failure and restores connectivity by moving fewer nodes than other existing connectivity restoration mechanisms.The proposed mechanism also yields an improved field coverage as well as a lesser number of packets exchanged as compared to existing state-of-the-art mechanisms.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB302905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61170058)+3 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project(2011ZX03005-004-04,2012ZX03005009)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20103402110041,20123402110019)the Guangdong Province and CAS Comprehensive Strategic Cooperation Projects(2012B090400013)the Fundamental Research Project of Suzhou(SYG201143)
文摘In vehicular Ad-hoc network（VANET）, many multi-hop broadcast schemes are employed to widely propagate the warning messages among vehicles and the key is to dynamically determine the optimal relay vehicle for retransmission. In order to achieve reliable and fast delivery of warning messages, this paper proposes a delay-aware and reliable broadcast protocol（DR-BP） based on transmit power control technique. First, a comprehensive model is derived to evaluate the transmission in vehicle-to-vehicle communications. This model considers the wireless channel fading, transmission delay and retransmissions characters occurring in the physical layer/medium access control（PHY/MAC） layer. Then, a local optimal relay selection mechanism based on the above model is designed. In DR-BP scheme, only the vehicle selected as the optimal relays can forward warning messages and the transmit power is time-varying. Finally, extensive simulations verify the performance of DR-BP under different traffic scenarios. Simulation results show that DR-BP outperforms the traditional slotted 1-persistence（S1P） and flooding scheme in terms of packets delivery ratio and transmission delay.
